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Concept: [Laminaria hyperborea] forest and foliose red seaweeds on tide-swept upper infralittoral mixed substrata in the eunishabitats vocabulary

Concept URI http://eunis.eea.europa.eu/eunishabitats/A3.2131
Preferred label [Laminaria hyperborea] forest and foliose red seaweeds on tide-swept upper infralittoral mixed substrata
Definition Moderately wave-exposed to wave sheltered, tide-swept mixed substrata, with dense [Laminaria hyperborea] forest and sparser [Laminaria saccharina], characterised by an under-storey and stipe flora of foliose seaweeds. The kelp stipes support epiphytes such as [Palmaria palmata] [Callophyllis laciniata], [Cryptopleura ramosa], [Membranoptera alata], and [Phycodrys rubens]. At some sites, instead of being covered by red seaweeds, the kelp stipes are heavily encrusted by the ascidians [Botryllus schlosseri] and in the south-west [Distomus variolosus]. Epilithic seaweeds ([Delesseria sanguinea, Plocamium cartilagineum, Odonthalia dentata, Dictyota dichotoma] and [Desmarestia aculeata]) and crustose seaweeds commonly occur beneath the kelp. The kelp fronds are often covered with growth of the hydroid [Obelia geniculata] or the bryozoan [Membranipora membranacea]. Although these species are also found in most kelp forests, in this biotope they are particularly dense. On the rock surface, a rich fauna comprising anthozoans such as [Urticina felina], the barnacle [Balanus crenatus], the calcareous tubeworm [Pomatoceros triqueter], colonial ascidians such as [Clavelina lepadiformis], the gastropods [Calliostoma zizyphinum] and [Gibbula cineraria], and the bryozoans [Electra pilosa] and [Alcyonidium diaphanum] occur. Also found on the rock are the echinoderms [Echinus esculentus, Asterias rubens and Ophiothrix fragilis], and the crabs [Cancer pagurus, Pagurus bernhardus] and [Necora puber].
Notation A3.2131
Status Valid
Status Modified 2014-01-31
Accepted Date 2014-01-31
Not Accepted Date
Has broader
Has exact match