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Concept: [Laminaria hyperborea] on tide-swept, infralittoral rock in the eunishabitats vocabulary

Concept URI http://eunis.eea.europa.eu/eunishabitats/A3.212
Preferred label [Laminaria hyperborea] on tide-swept, infralittoral rock
Definition Wave exposed to moderately wave exposed, tide-swept bedrock and boulders with [Laminaria hyperborea], characterised by a rich under-storey and stipe flora of foliose seaweeds including the brown seaweed [Dictyota dichotoma]. The kelp stipes support epiphytes such as [Cryptopleura ramosa] and [Phycodrys rubens]. At some sites, instead of being covered by red seaweeds, the kelp stipes are heavily encrusted by the ascidian [Botryllus schlosseri]. Epilithic seaweeds [Delesseria sanguinea], [Plocamium cartilagineum] [Heterosiphonia plumosa, Hypoglossum hypoglossoides], [Callophyllis laciniata], [Kallymenia reniformis], [Brongniartella byssoides] and crustose seaweeds commonly occur beneath the kelp. The kelp fronds are often covered with growth of the hydroid [Obelia geniculata] or the bryozoan [Membranipora membranacea]. On the rock surface, a rich fauna comprising the bryozoan [Electra pilosa], the sponge [Pachymatisma johnstonia], anthozoans such as [Alcyonium digitatum], [Sagartia elegans] and [Urticina felina], colonial ascidians such as [Clavelina lepadiformis], the calcareous tubeworm [Pomatoceros triqueter] and the barnacle [Balanus crenatus] occur. More mobile species include the gastropod [Calliostoma zizyphinum], the crab [Cancer pagurus] and the echinoderms [Asterias rubens] and [Echinus esculentus]. Two variants have been described: Tide-swept kelp forest (LhypT.Ft) and tide-swept kelp park (LhypT.Pk). Situation: This biotope occurs below [Alaria esculenta] (Ala) at exposed sites or [L. digitata] (Ldig.Ldig) at moderately exposed locations. With increasing depth the kelp density diminishes to become tide-swept kelp park (LhypT.Pk).
Notation A3.212
Status Valid
Status Modified 2014-01-31
Accepted Date 2014-01-31
Not Accepted Date
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