GEMET Concepts
type: ConceptScheme
notation: concept
is part of: gemet2
registration status: Public draft
user modified: roug
date modified: 2014-07-25 12:57:59.0
vocabulary type: Common
version: 2
working user: roug
is numeric concept identifiers: true
is notations equal identifiers: false

administrative body
type: Concept
definition: Any governmental agency or organization charged with managing and implementing regulations, laws and government policies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tijelo uprave @hr
alternative label: administrativno tijelo @hr
alternative label: tijelo upravljanja @hr
broader: institutional structure
narrower: authority body
related match: Administration (government)
source: BLD

accounting
type: Concept
definition: Method of recording all the transactions affecting the financial condition of a business or organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontularitza
broader: business
narrower: balance (economic)
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/961
narrower: expenditure
narrower: environmental accounting
related match: Accountancy

animal life
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological process
narrower: metabolism
narrower: hearing (sense)
related match: Animal

consumer product
type: Concept
definition: Economic good that directly satisfies human wants or desires.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: miscellaneous product
source: WEBSTE

bridge
type: Concept
definition: A structure that spans and provides a passage over a road, railway, river, or some other obstacle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic infrastructure
source: CED

environmental administration institution
type: Concept
definition: A central government organization that has authority or oversight over government activity relating to the preservation and safeguarding of ecological or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: government (cabinet)
narrower: environmental protection organisation
narrower: environmental protection agency
source: BLD
source: TOE

health effect of noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise consequences on human health consist in loss of hearing and psychological effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: effect on health
related: noise pollution
source: KOREN

human body
type: Concept
definition: The entire physical structure of an human being.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σώμα του ανθρώπου @el
broader: anatomy
source: CED

human science
type: Concept
definition: Group of sciences including sociology, anthropology, psychology, pedagogy, etc. as opposed to the humanistic group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: science
narrower: history
narrower: philosophy
narrower: ethnology
narrower: pedagogy
narrower: architecture
narrower: archaeology
narrower: social science
source: ZINZAN

information transfer
type: Concept
definition: The communication or conveyance of data or materials for the purpose of enhancing knowledge from one person, place or position to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: access to culture
source: RHW

juridical act
type: Concept
definition: Acts relating to the administration of justice.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: waste disposal act
narrower: chemicals act
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9391
source: CURZON

meteorological research
type: Concept
definition: Study of meteorological elements such as wind speed and direction, air temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure, precipitation, evaporation, solar radiation, visibility and cloud cover in order to collect data for weather forecast or for specific research purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific research
source: YOUNG

natural areas protection
type: Concept
definition: Active management of nature areas in order to ensure that wildlife is protected and the quality of its environment is maintained.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental protection
narrower: biotope protection
narrower: mountain protection
narrower: site protection
narrower: forest protection
narrower: landscape protection
narrower: coast protection
related: nature reserve
source: PHC

natural risks prevention
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary measures, actions or installations implemented to avert the probability of harm to humans, property or natural resources posed by conditions or events in the environment neither initiated nor formed by human activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natur arriskuen prebentzio
broader: prevention measure
related: seismic monitoring
source: HMD
source: RHW

physical chemistry
type: Concept
definition: A science dealing with the effects of physical phenomena on chemical properties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemistry
source: LEE

physical measurement of pollution
type: Concept
definition: The quantitative determination of the presence, extent or type of pollutant substances in the environment using mechanical means, including optical, electrical, acoustical and thermodynamic techniques.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzioaren neurketa fisiko
broader: pollution measurement
broader: measuring
source: APD
source: RHW

plant life
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological process
narrower: biological nitrogen fixation
narrower: photosynthesis
narrower: evapotranspiration

plant production
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landare-ekoizpen
alternative label: växtkultur @sv
broader: agricultural production
related: crop production
related: textile plant
related: fodder plant
related: industrial plant (organism)

pollution type
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-mota
broader: pollution
narrower: diffuse pollution
narrower: waste water pollution
narrower: biological pollution
narrower: physical pollution
narrower: composite pollution
narrower: bacteriological pollution
narrower: olfactory pollution
narrower: mineral pollution
narrower: domestic pollution
narrower: chemical pollution
narrower: organic pollution
narrower: land-based marine pollution
narrower: agricultural pollution
narrower: toxic pollution
narrower: incidental pollution
narrower: pollution load
narrower: industrial pollution
narrower: motor vehicle pollution
narrower: oil pollution

pollution prevention
type: Concept
definition: Eliminating the production of hazardous wastes and greenhouse gases at their source, within the production process. This can often be achieved through a variety of relatively simple strategies, including minor changes in manufacturing processes, substitution of non-polluting products for polluting products, and simplification of packaging. Companies practicing waste reduction have saved hundreds of millions of dollars, and used it to catalyze employee involvement and eliminate the need for expensive end-of-the-pipe filtering.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsaduraren prebentzio
broader: environmental quality objective
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9203
related: prevention measure
source: GLOCHA

risk management
type: Concept
definition: The process of evaluating and selecting alternative regulatory and non-regulatory responses to prepare for the probability of an accidental occurrence and its expected magnitude of damage, including the consideration of legal, economic and behavioral factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
source: HMD
source: TOE

safety system
type: Concept
definition: A unified, coordinated assemblage or plan of procedures and devices intended to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: skyddssystem @sv
broader: safety
narrower: rescue system
narrower: protection system
narrower: warning system
source: OED
source: RHW

seismic engineering
type: Concept
definition: The study of the behavior of foundations and structures relative to seismic ground motion, and the attempt to mitigate the effect of earthquakes on structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engineering
related match: Earthquake engineering
source: BJGEO

social science
type: Concept
definition: The study of society and of the relationship of individual members within society, including economics, history, political science, psychology, anthropology, and sociology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human science
narrower: sociology
narrower: social psychology
narrower: socioeconomics
related match: Social sciences
source: CED

surface water management
type: Concept
definition: The administration or handling of water naturally open to the atmosphere (rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, streams, seas, etc.).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lur gaineko uren kudeaketa
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9195
narrower: river management
source: RHW
source: TOE

wildlife protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, procedures or installations undertaken to prevent or reduce harm to animals, plants and other organisms living in their natural state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zaštita divljih životinja i biljaka koje žive u divljini @hr
broader: nature protection
narrower: protection of animals
narrower: plant protection
narrower: protection of species
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9314
related: ringing (wildlife)
source: RHW

historic centre
type: Concept
definition: That part of a town or city in which the principal public and historic buildings are located.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban area
related: historical site
source: GOOD

promotion of trade and industry
type: Concept
definition: Any activity that encourages or supports the buying, selling or exchanging of goods or services with other countries, which could include marketing, diplomatic pressure or the provision of export incentives such as credits and guarantees, government subsidies, training and consultation or advice.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: merkataritza eta industriaren susta
broader: trade policy
source: ODE

masonry
type: Concept
definition: A construction of stone or similar materials such as concrete or brick.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικοδόμηση @el
alternative label: πλινθοδομή @el
alternative label: οικοδομή @el
alternative label: murverk @sv
alternative label: frimureri @sv
broader: building component
source: MGH

bromine
type: Concept
definition: A pungent dark red volatile liquid element of the halogen series that occurs in brine and is used in the production of chemicals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group VII
source: CED

sand flat
type: Concept
definition: A sandy tidal flat barren of vegetation. A tidal flat is an extensive, nearly horizontal, marshy or barren tract of land that is alternately covered and uncovered by the tide, and consisting of unconsolidated sediment (mostly mud and sand). It may form the top surface of a deltaic deposit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αμμώδης ύφαλος @el
alternative label: harea-lautada
broader: terrestrial area
related match: Mudflat
source: BJGEO

animal species
type: Concept
definition: Species belonging to the animal kingdom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ζωικό είδος @el
alternative label: είδος @el
broader: species
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/915
narrower: migratory species
related match: Animal
source: RRDA

plant species
type: Concept
definition: Species belonging to the plant kingdom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: species
related match: Flora
source: RRDA

occupation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: profesija @hr
broader: labour
narrower: administrative occupation
narrower: environmental occupation

folk tradition
type: Concept
definition: The common beliefs, practices, customs and other cultural elements of an ethnic or social group that are rooted in the past, but are persisting into the present due to means such as arts and crafts, songs and music, dance, foods, drama, storytelling and certain forms of oral communication.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: herri-usadio
alternative label: herri-ohitura
alternative label: narodna tradicija @hr
broader: traditional culture
related match: Folk religion
source: VFP

law branch
type: Concept
definition: A subdivision of the body of principles and regulations established by a government or other authority, generally defined by its scope or application.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: procedural law
narrower: constitutional law
narrower: family law
narrower: comparative law
narrower: private law
narrower: civil law
narrower: international law
narrower: public law
narrower: commercial law
narrower: administrative law
narrower: criminal law
narrower: doctrine (law)
source: BLD
source: ISEP

judicial system
type: Concept
definition: Entire network of courts in a particular jurisdiction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pravosuđe @hr
alternative label: sudski sustav @hr
broader: organisation of the legal system
narrower: transposition of directive
narrower: declaration of public utility
narrower: prescription
narrower: common agreement
narrower: judiciary rule
narrower: notification
narrower: objection
narrower: foreclosure
narrower: agreement (legal)
narrower: adaptation period
narrower: pre-emption
narrower: litigation
narrower: judgement (sentence)
narrower: taking of evidence
narrower: type of claim
narrower: preliminary proceedings
narrower: preservation of evidence
narrower: trial
narrower: judicial assistance
narrower: official hearing
narrower: conflict
narrower: indefinite legal concept
narrower: prior informed consent
narrower: public hearing
related match: Judiciary
source: WESTS

chemical measurement of pollution
type: Concept
definition: The quantitative determination of the presence, extent or type of pollutant substances in the environment by studying the actions or reactions of known chemicals to those pollutants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzioaren neurketa kimiko
broader: measuring
source: APD
source: RHW

measuring instrument
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μετρητής @el
alternative label: mätinstrument @sv
broader: equipment
narrower: analytical equipment
related: measuring

pollutant evolution
type: Concept
definition: The process of cumulative reactive change following the introduction of a pollutant into the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen eboluzio
broader: pollutant behaviour
source: ALL

urban noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise emitted from various sources in an urban environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental noise

cleanliness (hygiene)
type: Concept
definition: The state of being clean and keeping healthy conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: xahutasun (higienea)
scope note: clothes, kitchenware, etc. <F> @en
broader: hygiene
source: PHC

industrial environment (in general)
type: Concept
definition: Environment where the manifold activities connected with the production of goods and services take place.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurune industrial (orokorrean)
broader: firm
narrower: industrial activity
narrower: industrial production
source: RRDA

natural risk
type: Concept
definition: Probability of harm to human health, property or the environment posed by any aspect of the physical world other than human activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυσικός κίνδυνος @el
alternative label: natur arrisku
broader: risk
source: APD

natural risk analysis
type: Concept
definition: Analysis of the probability of occurrence, within a specific period of time in a given area, of a potentially damaging phenomenon of nature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natur arriskuen azterketa
broader: risk assessment
source: GUNN

major risk
type: Concept
definition: The high probability that a given hazard or situation will yield a significant amount of lives lost, persons injured, damage to property , disruption of economic activity or harm to the environment; or any product of the probability of occurrence and the expected magnitude of damage beyond a maximum acceptable level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk
source: HMD
source: TOE

rescue system
type: Concept
definition: Any series of procedures and devices used by trained personnel to provide immediate assistance to persons who are in danger or injured.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety system
related: rescue service
related: salvage
related: fire service
source: GT2
source: HMD

crisis management
type: Concept
definition: The technique, practice or science of handling or controlling situations of acute difficulty, danger or instability; or the total of measures taken to provide a solution for political, economic, environmental or other similar dangers and conflicts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety
source: ISEP

tax system
type: Concept
definition: A co-ordinated body of methods or plan of procedures for levying compulsory charges for the purpose of raising revenue.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύστημα φορολογίας @el
broader: taxation
related match: Tax
source: EFP
source: ISEP

concept of environment
type: Concept
definition: The development at any level of a general notion of the surrounding ecosystem, its foundational relationship to human life and the need to preserve its integrity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (ιδεατή) εικόνα @el
broader: environmental awareness
source: RHW
source: TOE

forest ecology
type: Concept
definition: The science that deals with the relationship of forest trees to their environment, to one another, and to other plants and to animals in the forest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: basoaren ekologia
broader: scientific ecology
source: MGH

scientific ecology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the interrelationship among living organisms and between organisms and their environment, utilizing the methods or theories of science.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: life science
narrower: agricultural ecology
narrower: forest ecology
narrower: urban ecology
narrower: plant ecology
narrower: political ecology
narrower: applied ecology
narrower: population ecology
narrower: human ecology
narrower: landscape ecology
narrower: aquatic ecology
narrower: animal ecology
narrower: palaeoecology
narrower: marine ecology
narrower: trophic ecology
narrower: land ecology
source: APD
source: DOE

urban ecology
type: Concept
definition: Concept derived from biology: the city is viewed as a total environment, as a life-supporting system for the large number of people concentrated there, and within this people organize themselves and adapt to a constantly changing environment. Regarded as the same as human ecology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
source: GOOD

ecozone
type: Concept
definition: A broad geographic area in which there are distinctive climate patterns, ocean conditions, types of landscapes and species of plants and animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιοχή οικολογικού ενδιαφέροντος @el
alternative label: eskualde ekologiko
alternative label: ekozona @hr
scope note: Homogeous unit for landscape analysis based on the biophysical characteristics of the territory covered by the survey @en
broader: land
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9417
related match: Terrestrial ecozone
source: SCHNET

environmental engineering
type: Concept
definition: Branch of engineering concerned with the environment and its proper management. The major environmental engineering disciplines regard water supply, wastewater, stormwater, solid waste, hazardous waste, noise radiology, industrial hygiene, oceanography and the like.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιβαλλοντική τεχνική @el
broader: engineering
source: PORT

palaeoecology
type: Concept
definition: The application of ecological concepts to fossil and sedimentary evidence to study the interactions of Earth surface, atmosphere, and biosphere in former times.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
related match: Paleoecology
source: ALL

biological heritage
type: Concept
definition: The inheritance and preservation of the earth's or a particular region's balanced, integrated functionality as a natural habitat, with special concern for the water resources necessary to maintain the ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural heritage
source: TOE

brooding
type: Concept
definition: To incubate eggs or cover the young for warmth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εκκόλαψη @el
alternative label: inkubatze
alternative label: liježenje @hr
broader: animal reproduction
related match: Avian incubation
source: MGH

altitude
type: Concept
definition: 1) In general, a term used to describe a topographic eminence. 2) A specific altitude or height above a given level. 3) In surveying, the term refers to the angle between the horizontal and a point at a higher level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ύψος @el
broader: parameter
source: WHIT

cove
type: Concept
definition: 1) A deep recess hollow, or nook in a cliff or steep mountainside, or a small, straight valley extending into a mountain or down a mountainside. 2) A valley or portion of lowland that penetrates into a plateau or mountain front.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sartune
alternative label: zaton @hr
alternative label: uvala @hr
alternative label: mali zaljev @hr
alternative label: håla @sv
broader: coast
source: BJGEO
source: WHIT

canyon
type: Concept
definition: A long deep, relatively narrow steep-sided valley confined between lofty and precipitous walls in a plateau or mountainous area, often with a stream at the bottom; similar to, but largest than, a gorge. It is characteristic of an arid or semiarid area (such as western U.S.) where stream downcutting greatly exceeds weathering.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: valley
source: BJGEO

headland (geography)
type: Concept
definition: A cape or promontory jutting seawards from a coastline, usually with a significant sea cliff.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: predbrežje (geografija) @hr
broader: coast
source: WHIT

geographic circque
type: Concept
definition: A deep steep-walled half-bowl-like recess or hollow, variously described as horseshoe- or crescent-shaped or semi-circular in plan, situated high on the side of a mountain and commonly at the head of a glacial valley and produced by the erosive activity of a mountain glacier. It often contains a small round lake, and it may or may not be occupied by ice or snow.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zirku geografiko
broader: landform
source: BJGEO

continent
type: Concept
definition: A protuberance of the earth's crustal shell, with an area of several million square miles and sufficient elevation so that much of it above sea level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: continental shelf
source: MGH

barrier beach
type: Concept
definition: An elongated sand or shingle bank which lies parallel to the coastline and is not submerged by the tide. If it is high enough to permit dune growth it is termed a barrier island.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: beach
related match: Shoal
source: WHIT

brook
type: Concept
definition: A small stream or rivulet, commonly swiftly flowing in rugged terrain, of lesser length and volume than a creek; especially a stream that issues directly from the ground, as from a spring or seep, or that is produced by heavy rainfall or melting snow.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lats
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9161
related: creek
source: BJGEO

creek
type: Concept
definition: A narrow inlet or bay, especially of the sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρυάκι @el
alternative label: puro @fi
alternative label: dražica @hr
alternative label: draga @hr
alternative label: bukt @sv
alternative label: å @sv
alternative label: bäck @sv
broader: gulf
related: brook
source: CED

fault
type: Concept
definition: A fracture or a zone of fractures along which there has been displacement of the sides relative to one another parallel to the fracture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρηγμάτωση @el
alternative label: ελάττωμα @el
alternative label: ρήγμα @el
alternative label: βραχυκύκλωμα @el
alternative label: σφάλμα @el
alternative label: brist @sv
alternative label: förkastning (geol.) @sv
broader: earth's crust
source: BJGEO

cliff
type: Concept
definition: A steep coastal declivity which may or may not be precipitous, the slope angle being dependent partly on the jointing, bedding and hardness of the materials from which the cliff has been formed, and partly on the erosional processes at work. Where wave attack is dominant the cliff-foot will be rapidly eroded and cliff retreat will take place, especially in unconsolidated materials such as clays, sands, etc., frequently leaving behind an abrasion platform at the foot of the cliff.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsaslabar
alternative label: greben @hr
alternative label: hridina @hr
broader: coast
source: WHIT

open sea
type: Concept
definition: The high seas lying outside the exclusive economic zones of states. All states have equal rights to navigate, to overfly, to lay submarine cables, to construct artificial islands, to fish, and to conduct scientific research within the high seas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pučina @hr
broader: sea
related match: World Ocean
source: GOOD

coral reef lagoon
type: Concept
definition: A coastal stretch of shallow saltwater virtually cut off from the open sea by a coral reef.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: lagoon
source: WHIT

river bed
type: Concept
definition: The channel containing or formerly containing the water of a river.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: riječno korito @hr
broader: landform
related: river
related match: Stream bed
source: BJGEO

physical environment
type: Concept
definition: The material surroundings of a system, process or organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurune fisiko
broader: environment
narrower: abiotic environment
related match: Environment (biophysical)
source: APD

alluvial plain
type: Concept
definition: A level or gently sloping tract or a slightly undulating land surface produced by extensive deposition of alluvium, usually adjacent to a river that periodically overflows its banks; it may be situated on a flood plain, a delta, or an alluvial fan.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plain
source: BJGEO

barrier reef
type: Concept
definition: An elongated accumulation of coral lying at low-tide level parallel to the coast but separated from it by a wide and deep lagoon or strait. The coral is thought to have formed initially on a flat surface: then as the sea-level rose in post-glacial times, thereby submerging the irregular wave-cut platform, the coral growth kept pace with the rising ocean level, so creating the great thickness witnessed today in such places as the Great Barrier Reef off the East coast of Queensland, Australia. This stretches for more than 1900 km and varies in width from about 30 km to 150 km.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κοραλλιογενές φράγμα @el
alternative label: koraljni greben @hr
alternative label: rif @hr
broader: reef
source: WHIT

relief (land)
type: Concept
definition: The physical shape, configuration or general unevenness of a part of the Earth's surface, considered with reference to variation of height and slope or to irregularities of the land surface; the elevation or difference in elevation, considered collectively, of a land surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: terrängform @sv
broader: mountainous area
source: BJGEO

biotope order
type: Concept
definition: An ordinance or decree regarding an area of ecological habitat that is characterized by a high degree of uniformity in its environmental conditions and in its distribution of plants and animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biotopordning @sv
broader: environmental conservation
related: biotope
source: DOE
source: OED

sensitive natural area
type: Concept
definition: Terrestrial or aquatic area or other fragile natural setting with unique or highly-valued environmental features.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sensitive area
source: EPAGLO

environmental analysis
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: analiza okoliša @hr
broader: analysis
related: environmental data
related: environmental monitoring
related: environmental information
related: environmental research

abiotic environment
type: Concept
definition: The non-living components of the environment (rocks, minerals, soil, water and climate).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical environment
source: WRIGHT

aquatic environment
type: Concept
definition: Waters, including wetlands, that serve as habitat for interrelated and interacting communities and populations of plants and animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro urtar
broader: natural environment
source: LEE

sensitive environment
type: Concept
definition: Any parcel of land, large or small, under public or private control, that already has, or with remedial action could achieve, desirable environmental attributes. These attributes contribute to the retention and/or creation of wildlife habitat, soils stability, water retention or recharge, vegetative cover, and similar vital ecological functions. Environmentally sensitive areas range in size from small patches to extensive landscape features. They can include rare or common habitats, plants and animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environment
source: DUNSTE

terrestrial environment
type: Concept
definition: The continental as distinct from the marine and atmospheric environments. It is the environment in which terrestrial organisms live.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural environment
related: terrestrial ecosystem
related match: Terrestrial
source: WHIT

marine park
type: Concept
definition: A permanent reservation on the seabed for the conservation of species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected marine zone
source: ALL

brushwood
type: Concept
definition: Woody vegetation including shrubs and scrub trees of non-commercial height and form, often seen in the initial stages of succession following a disturbance. Brush often grows in very dense thickets that are impenetrable to wild animals and serve to suppress the growth of more desirable crop trees. However, brush can also serve an important function as desirable habitat for a range or bird, animal, and invertebrate species, and often provides a good source of browse and cover for larger wildlife. It adds structural diversity within the forest and is important in riparian zones. It is also termed scrub.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sastraka
alternative label: šikara @hr
alternative label: guštara @hr
alternative label: savann @sv
alternative label: snårskog @sv
broader: terrestrial area
narrower: shrub
narrower: maquis
related match: Brushwood, New South Wales
source: DUNSTE

regional natural park
type: Concept
definition: A park operated and managed by a region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural park
related match: Regional natural parks of France
source: LANDY

reserve
type: Concept
definition: Any area of land or water that has been set aside for a special purpose, often to prevent or reduce harm to its wildlife and ecosystems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
narrower: nature reserve
narrower: protected marine zone
narrower: natural park
narrower: national reserve
narrower: forest reserve
narrower: biological reserve
source: DOE
source: RHW

state biological reserve
type: Concept
definition: An area of land and/or of water designated as having protected status for purposes of preserving certain biological features. Reserves are managed primarily to safeguard these features and provide opportunities for research into the problems underlying the management of natural sites and of vegetation and animal populations. Regulations are normally imposed controlling public access and disturbance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erreserba biologiko publiko
broader: biological reserve
source: GOOD

forest biological reserve
type: Concept
definition: Forest areas which are protected and guarded from deforestation because of the fragility of its ecosystems, and because they provide habitats for hundreds of species of plants and animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihaneko erreserba biologiko
broader: forest reserve
source: TOURIS

voluntary natural reserve
type: Concept
definition: Area of national interest which is protected under the responsibility of its owner in order to safeguard wildlife, archeological and geological sites.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nature reserve
source: UNION

central park area
type: Concept
definition: The core area of a park or of a reserve where there can be no interference with the natural ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural park
source: WRIGHT

protected marine zone
type: Concept
definition: Sea area where marine wildlife is protected.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reserve
narrower: marine park
narrower: marine reserve
related: sea
source: PHC

peripheral park area
type: Concept
definition: A zone of the park where scientific research is allowed. Beyond this there is a buffer zone which protects the whole reserve from agricultural, industrial and urban development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural park
source: WRIGHT

alignment
type: Concept
definition: The selection and detailed layout of public transport routes in the light of construction, operation, service, technology, and economic criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χάραξη @el
alternative label: lerrokatze
alternative label: suora linja @fi
broader: parameter
source: ECHO2

bocage
type: Concept
definition: The wooded countryside characteristic of northern France, with small irregular-shaped fields and many hedges and copses. In the French language the word bocage refers both to the hedge itself and to a landscape consisting of hedges. Bocage landscapes usually have a slightly rolling landform, and are found mainly in maritime climates. Being a small-scale, enclosed landscape, the bocage offers much variations in biotopes, with habitats for birds, small mammals, amphibians, reptiles and butterflies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: skogstomt @sv
broader: agricultural landscape
source: CED
source: DOBRIS

French formal garden
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: garden
related match: Garden à la française

English garden
type: Concept
definition: A plot of ground consisting of an orderly and balanced arrangement of masses of flowers, shrubs and trees, following British traditions or style.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: garden
source: CBO

terraced garden
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zapalda-baratze
broader: garden

bryophyte
type: Concept
definition: Any plant of the division Bryophyta, having stems and leaves but lacking true vascular tissue and roots and reproducing by spores: includes the mosses and liverworts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cryptogam
narrower: moss
source: CED

terraced landscape
type: Concept
definition: Landscape resulting from the method of cultivating land by cutting terraces or benches into slopes to create areas of flat land. The practice is common in mountainous areas where land is scarce and rainfall uncertain.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: terraza-paisaia
broader: landscape
source: GOOD

mountain protection
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural areas protection
related: mountain
related: mountain management

site protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, procedures or installations undertaken to prevent or reduce harm to the environmental integrity of a physical area or location.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokien babes
broader: natural areas protection
source: RHW

coast protection
type: Concept
definition: A form of environmental management designed to allay the progressive degradation of the land by coastal erosion processes. Sea defence works can be undertaken to protect the land from erosion and encroachment by the sea and against flooding. These involve engineering solutions such as groynes, sea walls, bulkheads, revetments and breakwaters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsasbazterraren zaintza
broader: natural areas protection
narrower: bank protection
related: coastal development
related match: Coastal management
source: GOOD

bubble policy (emissions trading)
type: Concept
definition: EPA policy that allows a plant complex with several facilities to decrease pollution from some facilities while increasing it from others, so long as total results are equal to or better than previous limits. Facilities where this is done are treated as if they exist in a bubble in which total emissions are averaged out.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial environmental policy
source: EPAGLO

site rehabilitation
type: Concept
definition: The restoration of the ecological quality of an area or location.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokien leheneratze
alternative label: sanacija lokacije @hr
broader: rehabilitation
source: ISEP
source: RHW

classified site
type: Concept
definition: Site which is declared protected because of its natural, landscape, artistic or archeological features in order to guarantee its conservation, maintenance and restoration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: toki sailkatu
broader: registered site
source: SKENE

registered site
type: Concept
definition: Area which is officially registered because of its unique features; a description is provided concerning its location, size, latitude, longitude, orientation, elevation, boundaries, wildlife, hydrological and soil characteristics, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land setup
narrower: classified site
source: IUCN

budget
type: Concept
definition: A balance sheet or statement of estimated receipts and expenditures. A plan for the coordination of resource and expenditures. The amount of money that is available for, required for, or assigned to a particular purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: finances
narrower: budget policy
source: WESTS

urban ecology charter
type: Concept
definition: A graphic representation of a city area or other densely populated region, portraying the location of groups or select types of people in their environment through various geographic techniques.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prikaz urbane ekologije @hr
broader: map
source: RHW
source: SOC

environmental citizenship
type: Concept
definition: The state, character or behavior of a person viewed as a member of the ecosystem with attendant rights and responsibilities, especially the responsibility to maintain ecological integrity and the right to exist in a healthy environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: man-nature relationship
related match: Environmental contract
source: RHW
source: TOE

integrated management
type: Concept
definition: Unified, combined and coordinated management of environmental problems which correlates relevant organisations, groups, individuals and disciplines by bringing the parts together for a complete approach.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: objedinjeno upravljanje @hr
broader: management
broader: environmental management
source: UNUN

sponsorship
type: Concept
definition: A person, firm, organization, etc. that provides or pledges money for an undertaking or event.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εγγύηση @el
alternative label: αναδοχή @el
alternative label: laguntza
alternative label: stöd @sv
broader: commercial transaction
related match: Sponsor (commercial)

municipal environment plan
type: Concept
definition: A formulated or systematic method for the management of a city or town's natural or ecological resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plan
source: OED

public awareness campaign
type: Concept
definition: An organized, systematic effort through various communications media to alert the general population of a given area to anything of significant interest or concern.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public information
related: environmental awareness
source: RHW

bug
type: Concept
definition: Any of the suborder Heteroctera, having piercing and sucking mouthparts, specialized as a beak.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baciller @sv
broader: insect
source: CED

building
type: Concept
definition: Something built with a roof and walls, such as a house or factory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: built environment
narrower: built structure
narrower: green building
narrower: non-residential building
narrower: building component
narrower: emergency shelter
narrower: agricultural structure
narrower: industrial site
narrower: residential building
narrower: high-rise building
related: building planning
related: indoor environment
source: CED

administrative competence
type: Concept
definition: The skill, knowledge, qualification, capacity or authority to manage or direct the affairs of a public or private office, business or organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/95
narrower: state control
narrower: minister competence
narrower: official duty
narrower: responsibility
narrower: jurisdiction
narrower: police power
narrower: legislative competence
narrower: mandate
source: RHW

migratory fish
type: Concept
definition: Fishes that migrate in a body, often between breeding places and winter feeding grounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fish
related: animal migration
related match: Fish migration
source: RRDA

building area
type: Concept
definition: Land and other places on, under, in or through which the temporary and permanent works are to be executed and any other lands or places needed for the purposes of construction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rakennusalue @fi
alternative label: područje gradnje @hr
broader: building land
source: ECHO1

building component
type: Concept
definition: A building element which uses industrial products that are manufactured as independent until capable of being joined with other elements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: građevinski element @hr
broader: building
narrower: masonry
narrower: chimney
narrower: wall
narrower: stack
related: building material
source: HARRIS

felid
type: Concept
definition: Predatory mammal, including cats, lions, leopards, tigers, jaguars, and cheetahs, typically having a round head and retractile claws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αιλουροειδή @el
broader: carnivore
related match: Felidae
source: CED

building industry
type: Concept
definition: The art and technique of building houses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος (των) οικοδομών @el
alternative label: građevinarstvo @hr
broader: industry
related: construction technology
related match: Construction
source: ZINZAN

building land
type: Concept
definition: Area of land suitable for building on.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: orube eraikigarri
broader: built-up area
narrower: building area
narrower: building site
related: building planning
source: PHC

building material
type: Concept
definition: Any material used in construction, such as steel, concrete, brick, masonry, glass, wood, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: građevni materijal @hr
broader: material
narrower: insulating material
narrower: local building material
narrower: lime
narrower: cement
narrower: tar
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/998
narrower: gypsum
narrower: stone
narrower: road construction material
related: asbestos cement
related: sprayed asbestos
related: gravel
related: sand
related: building component
related: construction work
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9348
source: HARRIS

marine mammal
type: Concept
definition: Mammals which have adapted to live in the sea, such as whales, dolphins, porpoises, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ugaztun itsastar
broader: aquatic animal
broader: aquatic mammal
broader: marine organism
source: CED

building materials industry
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: concrete products industry
narrower: cement industry

ovine
type: Concept
definition: Horned ruminant mammals raised in many breeds for wool, edible flesh, or skin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προβατοειδή @el
broader: ungulate
related match: Domestic sheep
source: AMHER

building planning
type: Concept
definition: The activity of designing, organizing or preparing for future construction or reconstruction of edifices and facilities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land planning
related: building
related: building land
related: allocation plan
source: RHW

building regulation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regulation
narrower: antiseismic regulation
related match: Building regulations

shelter
type: Concept
definition: Cover or protection, as from weather or danger; place of refuge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υπόστεγο @el
alternative label: καταφύγιο @el
alternative label: κλωβός @el
alternative label: κέντρο περίθαλψης @el
alternative label: babesleku
alternative label: aterpe
alternative label: zaklon @hr
broader: synecology
source: CED

nesting area
type: Concept
definition: A place where birds gather to lay eggs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: distribution area
source: RRDA

administrative fiat
type: Concept
definition: An authoritative decree, sanction or order issued from an office with executive or managerial authority, without necessarily having the force of law or its equivalent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: upravno rješenje @hr
alternative label: upravna odluka @hr
broader: administrative procedure
source: BLD
source: RHW

animal corridor
type: Concept
definition: Line corridors (roads, paths, and hedgerows) which lack interior habitat but may serve as movement groups for organisms. Corridors may also provide an efficient migratory pathway for animals. The presence or absence of breaks in a corridor may be a very important factor in determining the effectiveness of its conduit and barrier functions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
source: PARCOR

animal damage
type: Concept
definition: Harm caused to the environment by animals as, for instance, in the case of overgrazing, trampling, etc. Overgrazing damage is reduced by properly located watering facilities to decrease daily travel by livestock. Rotation of grazing areas allows time for recovery of grass. Some land can be easily restored if grazing is allowed only during one season. Animals may cause damage to crops when agriculture land borders on virgin territory or game reserves. In addition wild animals may bring disease in valuable domestic herds. Cattle overstocking has caused serious degradation of habitat, and cattle raising is thus, to some extent, counterproductive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental damage
related: agriculture
related: overgrazing
source: WPR

animal displacement
type: Concept
definition: The habit of many animal species of moving inside their habitats or of travelling, during migrations, to different biotopes, often considerable distances apart; in aquatic environments displacements can occur horizontally or vertically while in terrestrial environments animal populations that breed in the alpine or subalpine zones in summer, move to lower levels in winter; animal displacements usually follow circadian rhythms and are related to the necessity of finding breeding, resting and feeding areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: autoecology
source: RAMADE

building site
type: Concept
definition: A piece of land on which a house or other building is being built.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικοδομή @el
alternative label: obra
alternative label: byggplats @sv
broader: building land
related: building site preparation
source: CAMB

spawning ground
type: Concept
definition: Area of water where fish come each year to produce their eggs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aquaculture
source: PHC

animal habitat
type: Concept
definition: The locality in which an animal naturally grows or lives. It can be either the geographical area over which it extends, or the particular station in which an animal is found.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: habitat
source: WRIGHT

nesting
type: Concept
definition: The building of nests for egg laying and rearing of offspring.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εμφώλευση @el
alternative label: κατασκευή φωλιάς @el
alternative label: ένθεση @el
broader: animal behaviour
source: AMHER

animal population
type: Concept
definition: A group of animals inhabiting a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: population (ecological)
source: CED

building site preparation
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: orubearen prestaketa
broader: industrial process
related: building site

animal reproduction
type: Concept
definition: Any of various processes, either sexual or asexual, by which an animal produces one or more individuals similar to itself.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: životinjska reprodukcija @hr
broader: reproduction (biological)
narrower: brooding
source: CED

survival
type: Concept
definition: The act or fact of surviving or condition of having survived.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biziraupen
alternative label: preživljavanje @hr
broader: behaviour pattern
related: competition (biological)
source: CED

endemic species
type: Concept
definition: Species native to, and restricted to, a particular geographical region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: inhemska arter @sv
broader: species
related match: Endemism
source: LBC

broad-leaved tree
type: Concept
definition: Deciduous tree which has wide leaves, as opposed to the needles on conifers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: listača @hr
broader: tree
source: PHC

sea grass bed
type: Concept
definition: Seaweeds communities formed by green, brown and red macroscopic algae and by sea phanerogams such as Posidonia oceanica and Zostera noltii, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant community
source: PARCOR

macrophyte
type: Concept
definition: A large macroscopic plant, used especially of aquatic forms such as kelp (variety of large brown seaweed which is a source of iodine and potash).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant (biology)
source: LBC
source: PHC

building technology
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eraikuntza-alorreko teknologia
alternative label: građevinska tehnologija @hr
broader: construction technology
related: construction work
related: building waste
related match: Architectural engineering

building waste
type: Concept
definition: Masonry and rubble wastes arising from the demolition or reconstruction of buildings or other civil engineering structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μπάζα @el
alternative label: demolačný odpad @sk
broader: type of waste
narrower: demolition waste
narrower: excavation heap
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9083
related: building technology

riverside vegetation
type: Concept
definition: Plants growing in areas adjacent to rivers and streams.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vegetation type
source: EPAGLO

chestnut
type: Concept
definition: Any north temperate fagaceous tree of the genus Castanea, such as Castanea sativa, which produce flowers in long catkins and nuts in a prickly bur.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καστανιά @el
broader: flowering plant
source: CED

built drainage system
type: Concept
definition: Collection of open and/or closed drains, together with structures and pumps used to collect and dispose of excess surface or subsurface water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: infrastructure
related: drainage
source: LANDY

graminaceous plant
type: Concept
definition: A very large family of plants including cereals such as wheat, maize, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: travasta biljka @hr
broader: flowering plant
source: PHC

posidonia
type: Concept
definition: Plant with elongated, planar, green leaves which measure up to 1,5 m. The flowers come out in the autumn but not every year. The fruits are dark balls, which one often finds washed up on beaches after storms. The same happens with the leaves which wilt and separate from the plant at the end of summer. It grows on sandy substrates, and has a rhizome from which several plants grow. The compact form of its growths retains the sediments pulled by the currents along the sea bed. Neptunegrass forms extensive prairies, always on the continental shelf. The plant's presence, apart from constituting an excellent refuge and food reserve for many species, gives an indication of the maturity and good condition of the whole marine ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: flowering plant
source: DDGI

vegetation level
type: Concept
definition: A subdivision of vegetation characteristic of a certain altitude above sea level at a given latitude.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vegetation
source: ECHO2

built environment
type: Concept
definition: That part of the physical surroundings which are people-made or people-organized, such as buildings and other major structures, roads, bridges and the like, down to lesser objects such as traffic lights, telephone and pillar boxes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αστικοποιημένο περιβάλλον @el
narrower: building
narrower: infrastructure
related: built-up area
source: GOOD

plant population
type: Concept
definition: The number of plants in an area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: population (ecological)
source: PHC

built structure
type: Concept
definition: Any structure made of stone, bricks, wood, concrete, or steel, built with a roof and walls, such as a house or factory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izgrađeni objekt @hr
broader: building
narrower: noise barrier
narrower: excavation side
narrower: fuel tank installation
narrower: prefabricated building
source: CED
source: ZINZAN

arboretum
type: Concept
definition: Collection of trees from different parts of the world, grown for scientific study.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vegetation
source: PHC

chorology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the causal relations between geographical phenomena occurring within a particular region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: floristinen korologia @fi
broader: biology
source: CED

variety collection
type: Concept
definition: Assemblage of cultivated plants that are distinguished by any characteristics (morphology, physiology, etc.) significant for purposes of horticulture, agriculture or forestry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: barietate-sorta
alternative label: sortbestånd @sv
broader: document
source: DUNSTE

built-up area
type: Concept
definition: Area which is full of houses, shops, offices and other buildings, with very little open space.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικιστική περιοχή @el
alternative label: eraikitako eremu
alternative label: izgrađeno naselje @hr
broader: land setup
narrower: military zone
narrower: building land
narrower: industrial area
narrower: human settlement
related: built environment
related match: Urban area
source: PHC

animal conservatory
type: Concept
definition: Areas for the conservation of rare or endangered animal species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
source: RAMADE

botanical conservatory
type: Concept
definition: Gardens for the conservation of rare species of plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
source: RAMADE

introduction of animal species
type: Concept
definition: Animals which have been translocated by human agency into lands or waters where they have not lived previously, at least during historic times. Such translocation of species always involves an element of risk if not of serious danger. Newly arrived species, depending on their interspecific relationships and characteristics, may act as or carry parasites or diseases, prey upon native organisms, display toxic reactions, or be highly competitive with or otherwise adversely affect native species and communities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: release of organisms
narrower: bastardisation of fauna
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9322
source: WPR

introduction of plant species
type: Concept
definition: Plants which have been translocated by human agency into lands or waters where they have not lived previously, at least during historic times. Such translocation of species always involves an element of risk if not of serious danger. Newly arrived species may be highly competitive with or otherwise adversely affect native species and communities. Some may become a nuisance through sheer overabundance. They may become liable to rapid genetic changes in their new environment. Many harmful introductions have been made by persons unqualified to anticipate the often complex ecological interaction which may ensue. On the other hand many plants introduced into modified or degraded environments may be more useful than native species in controlling erosion or in performing other positive functions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: release of organisms
narrower: bastardisation of flora
source: WPR

animal heritage
type: Concept
definition: The sum of the earth's or a particular region's non-human, non-vegetable, multicellular organisms viewed as the inheritance of the present generation, especially animal species deemed worthy of preservation and protection from extinction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural heritage
source: OED

plant heritage
type: Concept
definition: The sum of the earth's or a particular region's herb, vegetable, shrub and tree life viewed as the inheritance of the present generation, especially plant species deemed worthy of preservation and protection from extinction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural heritage
source: OED
source: PPP

bulb cultivation
type: Concept
definition: The cultivation of flower bulb is divided into two sectors: for forcing (flower bulbs used by professional growers for the production of cut flowers and potted plants) and for dry sales (flower bulbs for garden planting, flower pots, landscaping and parks).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultivation
source: BULB

protection of animals
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: wildlife protection
narrower: protection of birds

animal species reintroduction
type: Concept
definition: Attempts made to prevent the extinction of threatened species and populations by reintroducing them in their natural habitat. The reintroduction of species in a region requires a preliminary study to establish the reasons of their disappearance and the modifications that might have occurred in the biotopes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: animalia-espezieak berriro sartze
alternative label: ponovno uvođenje životinjskih vrsta @hr
broader: species reintroduction
related match: Reintroduction
source: RAMADE
source: RBGKEW

plant species reintroduction
type: Concept
definition: Reintroducing wild plant species to their natural habitat. The reintroduction of species in a region requires a preliminary study to establish the reasons of their disappearance and the modifications that might have occurred in the biotopes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: species reintroduction
source: RAMADE
source: SCIFRI

local afforestation
type: Concept
definition: The planting of trees in an area, or the management of an area to allow trees to regenerate or colonize naturally, in order to produce a forest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokiko baso-berritze
alternative label: oihaneztapen lokal
alternative label: baso-berritz
broader: afforestation
source: ALL

windfall
type: Concept
definition: 1) Falling of old trees in a forest caused by a storm or strong wind. It plays an important role in the spontaneous regeneration of forest ecosystems. 2) A plot of land covered with trees blown down by the wind.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιοχή ανεμορριμμάτων @el
alternative label: haizeak zuhaitzak lurreratze
alternative label: alas suuntautuva tuuli @fi
alternative label: vindfälle @sv
broader: tree
source: CED
source: RAMADE

pruning
type: Concept
definition: The cutting off or removal of dead or living parts or branches of a plant to improve shape or growth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laasimine @et
alternative label: kärpimine (puude, põõsaste) @et
alternative label: soiltze
alternative label: kimatze
alternative label: obrezivanje @hr
alternative label: glesning @sv
broader: agricultural method
source: AMHER

forest exploitation
type: Concept
definition: Forests have been exploited over the centuries as a source of wood and for obtaining land for agricultural use. The mismanagement of forest lands and forest resources has led to a situation where the forest is now in rapid retreat. The main aspects of the situation are: serious shortages in the supply of industrial wood; the catastrophic erosion and floods accompanying the stripping of forests from mountainous land; the acute shortages of fuel wood in much of the developing world; the spread of desert conditions at an alarming rate in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world; and the many environmental effects of the destruction of tropical rainforests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-ustiapen
broader: forestry
related: timber industry
source: WPR

mountain forest
type: Concept
definition: An extensive area of woodland that is found at natural elevations usually higher than 2000 feet.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mendialdeko baso
broader: forest
source: RHW

state forest
type: Concept
definition: Forest owned and managed by the State.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan publiko
alternative label: baso publiko
alternative label: estatuaren oihan
broader: forest reserve
source: WEBSTE

Mediterranean forest
type: Concept
definition: Type of forest found in the Mediterranean area comprising mainly xerophilous evergreen trees.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baso mediterraneo
alternative label: mediteranska šuma @hr
broader: temperate forest
related match: Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
source: ALL

private forest
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan pribatu
broader: forest reserve

timber forest
type: Concept
definition: Forest whose trees are all in the adult stage and have reached the reproductive period.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tantaidi
broader: forest
source: RAMADE

maquis
type: Concept
definition: A low evergreen shrub formation, usually found on siliceous soils in the Mediterranean lands where winter rainfall and summer drought are the characteristic climate features. It consists of a profusion of aromatic species, such as lavender, myrtle, oleander and rosemary and often includes abundant spiny shrubs. It has been suggested that the maquis is a secondary vegetation, occupying the lands cleared of their natural evergreen oak forests by human activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άγρια θαμνώδης περιοχή @el
alternative label: ρεικότοπος @el
broader: brushwood
source: WHIT

administrative jurisdiction
type: Concept
definition: The extent, power or territory in which an office with executive or managerial authority administers justice or declares judgments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: jurisdiction
source: BLD
source: RHW

dry lawn
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: soropil lehor
alternative label: gräsmatta för torr miljö @sv
broader: open lawn

nursery garden
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-built-up area
narrower: tree nursery

forest protection
type: Concept
definition: Branch of forestry concerned with the prevention and control of damage to forests arising from the action of people or livestock, of pests and abiotic agents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihanen babes
broader: natural areas protection
source: DUNSTE

natural regeneration
type: Concept
definition: The replacement by an organism of tissues or organs which have been lost or severely injured.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prirodna obnova @hr
alternative label: naturlig återväxt @sv
alternative label: självförnyelse @sv
broader: autoecology
related match: Ecological succession
source: MGH

resinous plant
type: Concept
definition: Plants yielding or producing resin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tree
source: CED

coppice with standards
type: Concept
definition: A traditional system of woodland management whereby timber trees are grown above a coppiced woodland. It is used in particular as a method of exploiting oakwoods, in which all the trees except a rather open network of tall, well-formed oaks - the standards at about fifty per hectare - are felled, leaving plenty of space for hazels and other underwood to grow and be coppiced at intervals of ten to fifteen years.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: coppice
related match: Coppicing
source: GOOD

game (play)
type: Concept
definition: An amusement or pastime; diversion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συνάντηση @el
alternative label: αγώνας @el
alternative label: παιχνίδι @el
alternative label: lek @sv
alternative label: sport @sv
broader: leisure activity
source: CED

big game
type: Concept
definition: Large wild animals that weigh typically more than 30 lb when fully grown, hunted for food, sport or profit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: game (animals)
source: AMHER
source: CORBIT

shellfish farming
type: Concept
definition: Raising of shellfish in inland waters, estuaries or coastal waters, for commercial purposes. All commercial shellfish beds producing bivalve molluscs must be monitored for microbial contamination. Samples of water and shellfish flesh must be tested for the presence of algal toxins. Periodic monitoring of fish and shellfish must be carried out to check for the presence of contaminants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οστρακοκαλλιέργεια @el
alternative label: marisko-haztegi
alternative label: školjkarstvo @hr
alternative label: uzgoj školjaka @hr
broader: aquaculture
source: MAFF
source: WRIGHT

bureaucratisation
type: Concept
definition: The multiplication of or concentration of power in administrators and administrative offices in an organization, usually resulting in an extension into and regimentation of certain areas of social life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public function
related match: Bureaucracy
source: DAM
source: RHW

oyster farming
type: Concept
definition: There are two types of oyster farming: suspension culture, in which oysters are grown off bottom, in floating trays, is a labor-intensive form of cultivation that requires continuous tending and cleaning of both gear and shellfish, and bottom culture, which is similar to conventional crop farming on land; it involves selecting areas of the sea floor that provide a natural food supply, necessary currents, minimum exposure to predators, and proper temperature and then "seeding" the bottom with shellfish stock that are left to grow to market size. Then they are harvested with a bottom drag from a boat. Both suspension culture and bottom culture depend on natural food supplies for growing the shellfish being raised.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καλλιέργεια στρειδιών @el
alternative label: uzgoj oštriga @hr
broader: mussel farming
source: MSTF

commercial fishery
type: Concept
definition: Such fisheries belong to one of two groups: one catching demersal (bottom-living) fish, e.g. cod, haddock, plaice, sole; the other catching pelagic (surface-living) fish, e.g. anchovy, tuna, herring.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrantza komertzial
alternative label: arrantza profesional
broader: fishery
related match: Fishing industry
source: GOOD

national fishing reserve
type: Concept
definition: Limited portion of a water body belonging to the State where angling is allowed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrantza-erreserba nazional
broader: fishing preserve
related: fishing
source: RRDA

socioeducational activity
type: Concept
definition: Instruction or events designed to offer learning or cultural experiences to populations without access to traditional educational institutions due to social or economic barriers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: level of education
source: OED

competitive examination
type: Concept
definition: A test given to a candidate for a certificate or a position and concerned typically with problems to be solved, skills to be demonstrated, or tasks to be performed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: level of education
source: WEBSTE

continuing education
type: Concept
definition: Various forms, methods, and processes of formal and informal education for the continued learning of all ages and categories of the general public. Oriented toward the continued learning/developmental processes of the individual throughout life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aikuiskoulutus @fi
alternative label: kontinuirano obrazovanje @hr
alternative label: cjeloživotno obrazovanje @hr
broader: level of education
source: UNUN

initial training
type: Concept
definition: Any education, instruction or discipline occurring at the beginning of an activity, task, occupation or life span.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hasierako prestakuntza
alternative label: početna izobrazba @hr
alternative label: grundläggande utbildning @sv
broader: training
source: RHW

pedagogy
type: Concept
definition: The principles, practice, or profession of teaching.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human science
source: CED

administrative law
type: Concept
definition: Body of law created by administrative agencies in the form of rules, regulations, orders and decisions to carry out regulatory powers and duties of such agencies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zuzenbide administratibo
broader: law branch
related: administrative instructions
source: BLACK

environmental occupation
type: Concept
definition: Gainful employment or job-related activity pertaining to ecological concerns, including the preservation of natural resources and the integrity of the ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zanimanje u području zaštite okoliša @hr
broader: occupation
source: TOE

bus
type: Concept
definition: A large, long-bodied motor vehicle equipped with seating for passengers, usually operating as part of a scheduled service.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: autokar
broader: public transport vehicle

public function
type: Concept
definition: Activity carried out for the benefit of the community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σώμα των δημοσίων υπαλλήλων @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/95
narrower: access to administrative documents
narrower: motivation of administrative acts
narrower: good management
narrower: government liability
narrower: devolution
narrower: legislature
narrower: centralisation
narrower: representation
narrower: bureaucratisation
narrower: privatisation
narrower: nationalisation
narrower: decentralisation
source: NDGIUR

organisation of work
type: Concept
definition: The coordination or structuring of work practices and production processes in order to influence the way jobs are designed and performed in the workplace.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: labour
narrower: leave on social grounds
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9371
source: NIO

business
type: Concept
definition: The activity, position or site associated with commerce or the earning of a livelihood.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος @el
alternative label: κερδοσκοπική δραστηριότητα @el
alternative label: tvrtka @hr
alternative label: poduzeće @hr
alternative label: poslovanje @hr
alternative label: biznis @hr
alternative label: poslovni subjekt @hr
alternative label: obchodné aktivity @sk
narrower: business classification
narrower: business policy
narrower: accounting
narrower: economic competition
narrower: business organisation
related: firm
source: RHW
source: WESTS

leisure centre
type: Concept
definition: A building containing a swimming pool and a large room or other places where you can play sports.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: centar za rekreaciju @hr
broader: infrastructure
narrower: shooting range
source: CAMB

community facility
type: Concept
definition: Buildings, equipment and services provided for a community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Europako Batasunaren ekipamendu
broader: infrastructure
narrower: urban facility
narrower: animal housing
narrower: filling station
narrower: office
narrower: playground
narrower: animal shelter
narrower: shop
narrower: church
narrower: public bath
related: human settlement
source: CAMB

cycle path
type: Concept
definition: Part of the road or a special path for the use of people riding bicycles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λωρίδα ποδηλάτων @el
broader: path
related match: Segregated cycle facilities
source: CAMB

ski run
type: Concept
definition: A trail, slope, or course for skiing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: skijaška staza @hr
alternative label: skidspår @sv
broader: sports facility
related: skiing
related match: Piste
source: CED

touristic route
type: Concept
definition: An established or selected course for travel consisting, typically, of secondary roads with significant scenic, cultural, historic, geological or natural features and including vistas, rest areas, and interpretive sites matching the scenic characteristics of the course.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bide turistiko
broader: route
source: GTT
source: RHW

ecomuseum
type: Concept
definition: A private, non-profit facility where plants and animals can be viewed in a natural outdoor setting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: museum
source: AGRENV

folklore
type: Concept
definition: The traditional and common beliefs, practices and customs of a people, which are passed on as a shared way of life, often through oral traditions such as folktales, legends, anecdotes, proverbs, jokes and other forms of communication.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λαογραφική παράδοση @el
alternative label: λαογραφία @el
broader: traditional culture
source: VFP

public attendance
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jendearen agertze
alternative label: prisustvovanje javnosti @hr
alternative label: odaziv javnosti @hr
alternative label: publika @hr
alternative label: posjetitelji @hr
alternative label: allmänhetens deltagande @sv
broader: statistical data

tourist attendance
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dolasci turista @hr
broader: statistical data
related: tourism

country lodge
type: Concept
definition: A small house or a hut located in the countryside.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: seoska kućica @hr
broader: tourist facility
source: HARRIS

lodging
type: Concept
definition: Provision of accommodation for rest or for residence in a room or rooms or in a dwelling place.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στέγαση @el
alternative label: κατάλυμα @el
alternative label: προσωρινή διαμονή @el
alternative label: boravak @hr
alternative label: prebivalište @hr
alternative label: prenoćište @hr
alternative label: izdavanje soba @hr
alternative label: logi @sv
alternative label: husrum @sv
broader: services
narrower: emergency lodging
narrower: estate rental
source: OED

public
type: Concept
definition: The community or people in general or a part or section of the community grouped because of a common interest or activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jende
alternative label: allmänheten @sv
broader: target group
source: CED

path
type: Concept
definition: A route or track between one place to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οδός @el
alternative label: μονοπάτι @el
alternative label: ροή @el
alternative label: διαδρομή @el
alternative label: put @hr
alternative label: cestička @sk
broader: road
narrower: seaside footpath
narrower: educational path
narrower: footpath
narrower: hiking trail
narrower: cycle path
related: recreation
source: CAMB

seaside footpath
type: Concept
definition: A route or track running along the coast.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsasbazterreko bide
alternative label: kostaldeko bide
alternative label: itsasaldeko bide
alternative label: obalna staza @hr
alternative label: obalni puteljak @hr
broader: path
source: CAMB

educational path
type: Concept
definition: A guided trail, designed to explain to children a piece of countryside, the type of soil, flora, fauna, etc. Such trails may be self-guiding, using either explanatory notices set up at intervals or numbered boards referring to a printed leaflet: in other cases parties may be led by a demonstrator or warden.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ibilbide didaktiko
broader: path
source: GOOD

seaside resort
type: Concept
definition: A place near the sea where people spend their holidays and enjoy themselves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θέρετρο @el
alternative label: itsasbazterreko turismo-gune
alternative label: itsasaldeko turism
alternative label: morsko odmaralište @hr
broader: tourist facility
source: CAMB

butterfly
type: Concept
definition: Any diurnal insect of the order Lepidoptera that has a slender body with clubbed antennae and typically rests with the wings (which are often brightly coloured) closed over the back.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: lepidopteran
source: CED

mountain resort
type: Concept
definition: A place in the mountains where people spend their holidays and enjoy themselves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tourist facility
related match: Ski resort
source: CAMB

winter sports resort
type: Concept
definition: Resort where sports held in the open air on snow or ice, especially skiing are practiced.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tourist facility
source: CED

touristic unit
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: turismo-unitate
broader: tourist facility

all-terrain vehicle
type: Concept
definition: A land carriage so constructed that it can be used on any kind of road or rough terrain and can be operated for many purposes, such as carrying goods, transporting the injured, conveying passengers, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vehicle
source: ECHO1

population density
type: Concept
definition: The number of people relative to the space occupied by them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: populazioaren dentsitate
alternative label: folktäthet @sv
broader: human population
source: GOOD

young
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: omladina @hr
broader: population structure

button-cell battery
type: Concept
definition: A tiny, circular battery made for a watch or for other microelectric applications.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baterija u obliku dugmeta @hr
broader: battery
source: LEE

active population
type: Concept
definition: The number of people available and eligible for employment within a given enterprise, region or nation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: manpower
source: ODE

time allocation
type: Concept
definition: The act of assigning various hours of one's day, week or year to particular activities, especially those falling within the categories of work and leisure.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: lifestyle
source: RHW

durable goods
type: Concept
definition: Goods which have a reasonably long life and which are not generally consumed in use: e.g. refrigerator.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: goods
related match: Durable good
source: WESTS

non-durable goods
type: Concept
definition: A good bought by consumers that tends to last for less than a year. Common examples are food and clothing. The notable thing about nondurable goods is that consumers tend to continue buying them regardless of the ups and downs of the business cycle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: goods
source: AMOS2

by-catch
type: Concept
definition: Incidental taking of non-commercial species in drift nets, trawling operations and long line fishing; it is responsible for the death of large marine animals and one factor in the threatened extinction of some species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παραλίευση @el
broader: fishery
related match: Bycatch
source: WPR

goods
type: Concept
definition: A term of variable content and meaning. It may include every species of personal chattels or property. Items of merchandise, supplies, raw materials, or finished goods. Land is excluded.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προϊόντα @el
alternative label: εμπορεύματα @el
alternative label: roba @hr
broader: goods and services
narrower: dangerous goods
narrower: non-durable goods
narrower: durable goods
narrower: second-hand goods
narrower: intermediate goods
narrower: consumer goods
source: DICLAW
source: WESTS

goods and services
type: Concept
definition: The total of economic assets, including both physical or storable objects and intangible acts of human assistance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economy
narrower: goods
source: ODE

time budget
type: Concept
definition: Determining or planning for allotment of time in hours, days, weeks, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: consumption
related match: Time management
source: RHW

living environment
type: Concept
definition: External conditions or surroundings in which people live or work.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: životna okolina @hr
broader: social condition
source: CED

product life cycle
type: Concept
definition: A product life cycle includes the following phases: acquisition of raw materials, production, packaging, distribution, use, recyling, and disposal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: material life cycle
related match: Product life cycle management (marketing)
source: HELIOS

ecolabel
type: Concept
definition: A mark, seal or written identification attached or affixed to products that provides specific ecological information allowing consumers to make comparisons with other similar products, or instructions on how to safely use or properly recycle or dispose of both products and packaging.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etiketa ekologiko
broader: product identification
narrower: EC ecolabel
related: ecolabelling
source: OPP

quality certification
type: Concept
definition: The formal assertion in writing that a commodity, service or other product has attained a recognized and relatively high grade or level of excellence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έκδοση πιστοποιητικού ποιότητας @el
alternative label: kalitate-egiaztagiri
broader: certification
source: BLD
source: RHW

living standard
type: Concept
definition: A measurement of the development level in a country or community, gauged by factors such as personal income, education, life expectancy, food consumption, health care, technology and the use of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social condition
related match: Standard of living
source: TEX

by-product
type: Concept
definition: A product from a manufacturing process that is not considered the principal material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υποπροϊόν @el
broader: properties of materials
source: MGH

supply and demand
type: Concept
definition: The relationship between the amount or quantity of a commodity that is available for purchase and the desire or ability of consumers to buy or purchase the commodity, which, in theory, determines the commodity's price in a free market.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economy
narrower: import
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9404
narrower: supply (trade)
narrower: surplus
narrower: export
narrower: demand
source: MGHME

ecological inequality
type: Concept
definition: Any imbalance or disparity among inhabitants of the same living environment deemed inappropriate, unjust or detrimental to that environment's integrity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social condition
source: RHW
source: TOE

social inequality
type: Concept
definition: Unequal rewards or opportunities for different individuals within a group or groups within a society. If equality is judged in terms of legal equality, equality of opportunity, or equality of outcome, then inequality is a constant feature of the human condition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social differentiation

myth
type: Concept
definition: A traditional or legendary story, usually dealing with supernatural beings, ancestors, heroes or events, that is with or without determinable basis of fact or a natural explanation, but is used to explain some practice, rite or phenomenon of nature, or to justify the existence of a social institution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: saga @sv
alternative label: sägen @sv
alternative label: legend @sv
broader: traditional culture
related match: Mythology
source: RHW

NIMBY aptitude
type: Concept
definition: Not In My BackYard: phrase used to describe people who encourage the development of agriculture land for building houses or factories, provided it is not near where they themselves are living.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύνδρομο "όχι στην αυλή μου" @el
scope note: aptitude "not in my back yard" @en
broader: group behaviour
source: PHC

social psychology
type: Concept
definition: Study of the effects of social structure on cognition and behavior, of processes of face-to-face interaction, and of the negotiation of social order.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: psikologia sozial
broader: social science
source: SASW

social representation
type: Concept
definition: A system of values, ideas and practices established to orient individuals in their community and culture and to provide them with naming, classification and communication codes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ordezkaritza sozial
alternative label: društvena pravila @hr
broader: social structure
source: SRD

feeling for nature
type: Concept
definition: A consciousness, sensibility or sympathetic perception of the physical world and its scenery in their uncultivated state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αγάπη για τη φύση @el
alternative label: naturarekiko sentiberatasun
broader: environmental awareness
source: RHW

socioeconomics
type: Concept
definition: Economic and social structure of communities, tax rates, characteristic types of development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social science
source: PASTU

cable
type: Concept
definition: Strands of insulated electrical conductors laid together, usually around a central core, and wrapped in a heavy insulation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product
related: electric line
source: MGH

access to administrative documents
type: Concept
definition: The legal right of access to administrative documents or the opportunity to avail oneself of the same.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public function
source: BLACK

administrative deed
type: Concept
definition: Any formal and legitimate step taken or decision made on matters of policy by a chief or other top-level officer within an organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egintza administratibo
alternative label: upravni dokument @hr
alternative label: administrativ handling @sv
broader: administrative procedure
source: DAM

territorial government
type: Concept
definition: An administrative body or system in which political direction or control is exercised over a designated area or an administrative division of a city, county or larger geographical area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: form of government
source: BLD
source: RHW

decision making support
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: decision process

minister competence
type: Concept
definition: The skill, knowledge, qualification, capacity or authority associated with the chief of an administrative department or other high ranking official selected by the head of state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ministroaren aginpide
alternative label: nadležnost ministra @hr
alternative label: ministerbefogenhet @sv
alternative label: ministerkompetens @sv
broader: administrative competence
source: RHW

citizen
type: Concept
definition: A native or naturalized member of a state or nation who owes allegiance, bears responsibilities and obtains rights, including protection, from the government.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: građanin @hr
alternative label: stadsbo @sv
broader: settlement concentration
related match: Citizenship
source: RHW

local government
type: Concept
definition: An administrative body or system in which political direction and control is exercised over the community of a city, town or small district.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokiko gobernu
alternative label: tijelo lokalne uprave @hr
alternative label: tijelo lokalne vlasti @hr
alternative label: lokalna vlast @hr
broader: form of government
source: RHW

territorial community
type: Concept
definition: An infrastructure, body of people or homogenous constituency that is physically situated in a localized exurban area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: settlement concentration
source: RHW
source: TEF

parliamentary debate
type: Concept
definition: Formal discussion or dispute on a particular matter among the members of the parliament.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: institutional activity
source: ZINZAN

abiotic factor
type: Concept
definition: Physical, chemical and other non-living environmental factors. They are essential for living plants and animals of an ecosystem, providing the essential elements and nutrients that are necessary for growth. The abiotic elements also include the climatic and pedologic components of the ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: abiotski čimbenik @hr
broader: ecological parameter
narrower: geogenic factor
narrower: anthropogenic factor
related: climate
related match: Abiotic component
source: LBC
source: WRIGHT

cadmium
type: Concept
notation: Cd
definition: One of the toxic heavy metal which has caused deaths and permanent illnesses in a series of major pollution incidents around the world. Cadmium has no useful biological purpose. However, it has wide industrial applications. It has been used for decades in metal plating to prevent corrosion, in rechargeable batteries and as a pigment in certain plastics and paints. Special care is taken in the industrial smelting of ores and subsequent handling of cadmium, because occupational exposure is known to have caused heart, chest and kidney disorders. Environmental health problems have come from exposure to various sources of pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
related: heavy metal
source: WRIGHT

motivation of administrative acts
type: Concept
definition: The underlying reason or cause, a psychological or social factor, that incites or stimulates managers, executives or supervisors to complete tasks that achieve organizational or company goals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public function
source: OED

cadmium contamination
type: Concept
definition: The release and presence in the air, water and soil of cadmium, a toxic, metallic element, from sources such as the burning of coal and tobacco and improper disposal of cadmium-containing waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kadmio-poluzio
broader: chemical contamination
source: EEN
source: FFD

economic plan
type: Concept
definition: A design, scheme or project pertaining to the production, distribution and use of income, wealth and commodities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-plan
alternative label: ekonomski plan @hr
broader: economic policy
related match: Economic interventionism
source: RHW

subsidiary principle
type: Concept
definition: The fundamental doctrine or tenet that policy making decisions should be made at the most decentralized level, in which a centralized governing body would not take action unless it it is more effective than action taken at a lower government level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aid policy
source: ODE

caesium
type: Concept
definition: A soft silvery-white and highly reactive metal belonging to the alkali group of metals. It is a radiation hazard, because it can occur in two radioactive forms. Caesium-134 is produced in nuclear reactors, not directly by fission, but by the reaction. It emits beta- and gamma-radiation and has a half-life of 2.06 years. Caesium-137 is a fission product of uranium and occurs in the fallout from nuclear weapons. It emits beta- and gamma-rays and has a half-life of 30 years. Caesium-137 was the principal product released into the atmosphere, and hence the food chain, from atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons and from the Windscale fire and Chernobyl nuclear accidents. After the Chernobyl accident, which spread a radiation cloud across Europe, the European Commission proposed new and more restrictive limits on levels of caesium in food and drinking water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group I (alkaline)
source: WRIGHT

financial aid
type: Concept
definition: The transfer of funds from developed to underdeveloped countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χρηματοδοτική υποστήριξη (παρέμβαση) @el
alternative label: finantza-sostengu
broader: aid policy
related match: Financial assistance
source: GOOD

international assistance
type: Concept
definition: Economic, military, technical or financial aid or support given to nations or countries in need, often from other governments or international or intergovernmental organizations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: međunarodna potpora @hr
broader: international relations
related: aid policy
source: INP

public aid
type: Concept
definition: Government aid in the form of monies or food stamps to the poor, disabled, aged or to dependent children.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: javna potpora @hr
broader: economic support
source: RHW

national accounting
type: Concept
definition: Organised method of recording all business transactions in the national economy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/961
narrower: gross national product
narrower: gross domestic product
related match: National accounts

satellite account
type: Concept
definition: A separate financial record or statement that discloses financial activity in a particular area and supplements existing financial records.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/961
source: RHW

household expenditure
type: Concept
definition: Any spending done by a person living alone or by a group of people living together in shared accommodation and with common domestic expenses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: expenditure
source: ODE

public expenditure
type: Concept
definition: Spending by national or local government, government-owned firms or quasi-autonomous non-government organizations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: javni izdaci @hr
broader: expenditure
related match: Public finance
source: ODE

intervention fund
type: Concept
definition: Money or financial resources set aside to interpose or interfere in any business affair in order to affect an outcome.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fond za intervencije @hr
broader: financial fund
source: OED

financial fund
type: Concept
definition: Monetary resources set aside for some purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ταμείο χρηματοδότησης @el
alternative label: finantza-fondo
alternative label: kapital @sv
broader: finances
narrower: intervention fund
narrower: incentive fund
source: RHW

European Monetary Fund
type: Concept
definition: Fund organized by the European Monetary System in which members of the European Community deposit reserves to provide a pool of resources to stabilize exchange rates and to finance balance of payments in support of the pending full European Monetary Union.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: European Union
related match: European Financial Stability Facility

International Monetary Fund
type: Concept
definition: An international organization established in 1944, affiliated with the United Nations that acts as an international bank facilitating the exchange of national currencies and providing loans to member nations. It also evaluates the performance of the economies of the world's countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international organisation
source: KINGST

economic incentive
type: Concept
definition: Rewards or penalties offered by government or management to induce an economic sector, company or group of workers to act in such a way as to produce results that plan objectives or policy goals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poticaji za gospodarstvo @hr
broader: economic support
related match: Incentive
source: ODE

incentive tax
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental tax

gross domestic product
type: Concept
definition: The total output of goods and services produced by a national economy in a given period, usually a year, valued at market prices. It is gross, since no allowance is made, for the value of replacement capital goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bruttonationalprodukt @sv
broader: national accounting
source: GOOD

exceptional tax
type: Concept
definition: Compulsory charges levied by a government unit in special or unique instances for the purpose of raising revenue to pay for services or improvements for the general public benefit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: salbuespenezko zerga
broader: environmental tax
source: EFP
source: RHW

process analysis
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic analysis
related match: Expository writing

audit
type: Concept
definition: The periodic or continuous verification of the accounts, assets and liabilities of a company or other organization, often to confirm compliance with legal and professional standards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic analysis
source: ODE
source: WESTS

natural heritage assessment
type: Concept
definition: Evaluation of the natural structures, resources and landscapes to ensure their careful management and preservation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment
source: GILP96

water cost
type: Concept
definition: The value or the amount of money exchanged for the production and sustained supply of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cost
source: EFP
source: RHW

ecomarketing
type: Concept
definition: The buying, selling, advertising, shipping, and storing of goods in compliance with ecological principles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: merkataritza ekologiko
alternative label: ekotrgovina @hr
alternative label: ekološki marketing @hr
broader: environmental economy issue
source: ISEP
source: RHW

patrimonial management
type: Concept
definition: A type of leadership and management style attempting to gain the loyalty and support of subordinates by excessively providing for their needs and interests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: patrimonijalno upravljanje @hr
broader: economy

pollution control investment
type: Concept
definition: Securities held for the production of income in the form of interest and dividends with the aim of controlling or reducing pollution or substances in the environment deemed harmful to human health and natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura kontrolatzeko inbertsio
alternative label: ulaganje u kontrolu onečišćenja @hr
broader: environmental investment
source: EFP
source: ISEP

environment market
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental economy issue

antipollution premium
type: Concept
definition: A prize or bonus given as an inducement or reward for efforts to reduce the presence of pollution or substances in the environment deemed harmful to human health or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzioaren kontrako sari
broader: antipollution incentive
source: ISEP
source: OED
source: TOE

water pricing
type: Concept
definition: Applying a monetary rate or value at which water can be bought or sold.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: price
source: RHW

theory of the environment
type: Concept
definition: A structured simulation or explanation based on observation, experimentation and reasoning that seeks to demonstrate, characterize or explain the actions and interactions of the total surrounding conditions of a given system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: simulation
source: APD

trade activity
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
related: commercial noise

local development
type: Concept
definition: A stage of growth or advancement in any aspect of a community that is defined by or restricted to a particular and usually small district or area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokiko garapen
broader: social development
source: ISEP
source: RHW

market study
type: Concept
definition: The gathering and studying of data to determine the projection of demand for an item or service.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: merkatu-ikerketa
broader: economic analysis
related match: Market research
source: ISEP
source: RHW

administrative procedure
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prozedura administratibo
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/95
narrower: circular mail
narrower: right of access
narrower: resolution (act)
narrower: enforcement
narrower: repression
narrower: inspection
narrower: right to compensation
narrower: right of property
narrower: petition right
narrower: restriction on use
narrower: administrative deed
narrower: registration
narrower: seizure
narrower: compulsory use
narrower: classification
narrower: claim for restitution
narrower: attribution
narrower: permission
narrower: administrative fiat
narrower: advice
narrower: agreement (administrative)
narrower: detection
narrower: notice
narrower: industrial property right
narrower: interim decision
narrower: legally protected right
narrower: prohibition
narrower: authorisation
related match: Administrative law

free trade
type: Concept
definition: Trade which is unimpeded by tariffs, import and export quotas and other measures which obstruct the free movement of goods and services between states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ελεύθερες συναλλαγές @el
broader: trade (services)
source: GOOD

less developed country
type: Concept
definition: One of the world's poorest nations, typically small in area and population, with low per capita incomes, literacy levels and medical standards, subsistence agriculture and a lack of exploitable minerals and competitive industries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: u-länder @sv
broader: status of development
related match: Developing country
source: UIA

North-South relationship
type: Concept
definition: The connections, associations or involvement of developed nations, found predominantly in the Northern Hemisphere, with developing nations, found predominantly in the Southern Hemisphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sociopolitical aspect
source: UIA

calcium
type: Concept
definition: A malleable silvery-white metallic element of the alkaline hearth group; the fifth most abundant element in the earth crust, occurring especially as forms of calcium carbonate. It is an essential constituent of bones and teeth and is used as a deoxidizer in steel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group II (alkaline earth metals)
source: CED

calculation
type: Concept
definition: The act, process or result of calculating.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izračun @hr
alternative label: preračunavanje @hr
broader: methodology
source: CED

density
type: Concept
definition: The mass of unit volume of a substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ειδικό βάρος @el
broader: physical property
source: UVAROV

spatial distribution
type: Concept
definition: A distribution or set of geographic observations representing the values of behaviour of a particular phenomenon or characteristic across many locations on the surface of the Earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental data
source: GOOD

economic data
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental data
related: economic analysis

calcium content
type: Concept
definition: Amount of calcium contained in a solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: concentration (value)
source: MGH

index
type: Concept
definition: A list of record surrogates arranged in order of some attribute expressible in machine-orderable form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πίνακας περιεχομένων @el
alternative label: ευρετήριο @el
alternative label: τιμάριθμος @el
alternative label: adierazle
alternative label: luettelo @fi
alternative label: hakemisto @fi
alternative label: kazalo @hr
alternative label: popis @hr
alternative label: register @sv
broader: parameter
narrower: biotic index
narrower: environmental index
narrower: saprobic index
source: MGH

census survey
type: Concept
definition: An official periodic count of a population including such information as sex, age, occupation, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monitoring technique
source: CED

statistical series
type: Concept
definition: An ordered sequence of data samples in numerical form used to predict or demonstrate trends through time and space.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στατιστικές σειρές @el
broader: statistical data
source: APD
source: RHW

opinion survey
type: Concept
definition: The canvassing of a representative sample of a large group of people on some question in order to determine the general opinion of a group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δημοσκόπηση @el
alternative label: iritzi-galdeketa
alternative label: istraživanje javnog mnijenja @hr
broader: survey
related match: Opinion poll
source: CED

calculation method
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: method
related: mathematical analysis

rate
type: Concept
definition: The amount of change in some quantity during a time interval divided by the length of the time interval.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναλογία @el
alternative label: ποσοστό @el
alternative label: ταχύτητα @el
alternative label: vauhti @fi
alternative label: aste @fi
alternative label: noteeraus @fi
alternative label: määrä @fi
alternative label: brzina @hr
alternative label: kurs @sv
alternative label: takt @sv
alternative label: snabbhet @sv
broader: parameter
source: MGH

seasonal variation
type: Concept
definition: In time series, that part of the movement which is assigned to the effect of the seasons on the year.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aldakuntza urtarotar
broader: parameter
related: climate
source: ECHO2

scientific committee
type: Concept
definition: An organized group of persons elected or appointed to discuss scientific matters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zientzia-batzorde
broader: institutional structure
source: ZINZAN

scientific dispute
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zientziari buruzko eztabaida
broader: scientific research
related match: Scientific method

calibration
type: Concept
definition: To mark the scale of a measuring instrument so that readings can be made in appropriate units.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kalibracija @hr
alternative label: baždarenje @hr
broader: testing method
narrower: calibration of measuring equipment
source: CED

applied research
type: Concept
definition: Research directed toward using knowledge gained by basic research to make things or to create situations that will serve a practical or utilitarian purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific research
source: MGH

scientific research
type: Concept
definition: Systematic investigation to establish facts or principles concerning a specific scientific subject.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: research
narrower: scientific dispute
narrower: experimental study
narrower: meteorological research
narrower: land-based activity
narrower: applied research
narrower: research of the effects
narrower: field study
narrower: laboratory research
narrower: environmental research
narrower: space research
narrower: interdisciplinary research
related match: Scientific method
source: CED

calibration of measuring equipment
type: Concept
definition: The determination or rectification of, according to an accepted standard, the graduation of any instrument giving quantitative measurements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baždarenje mjerne opreme @hr
alternative label: kalibracija mjerne opreme @hr
broader: calibration
source: APD
source: RHW

agronomy
type: Concept
definition: The principles and procedures of soil management and of field crop and special-purpose plant improvement, management, and production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γεωπονική @el
alternative label: jordbrukslära @sv
broader: applied science
source: MGH

agrosystem
type: Concept
definition: Ecosystem dominated by the continuous agricultural intervention of man.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultivation system
source: ECHO1

agricultural disaster
type: Concept
definition: Violent, sudden and destructive change in the environment either affecting or caused by land cultivation or the raising of crops or livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako hondamendi
broader: human-made disaster
source: APD
source: ISEP

agricultural undervaluation
type: Concept
definition: The underrating or diminishing in value of agricultural or farming goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzaren balio
alternative label: nekazaritzaren depreziazio
alternative label: maatalousmaan aliarvostus @fi
broader: agronomic value
source: RHW

rural development
type: Concept
definition: Any course destined to promote economic growth, modernization, increase in agricultural production and the creation of a framework in which to fulfill primary needs, such as education, health and supply of water in the rural areas. The attainment of such objectives depends in general on the type of administrative systems proposed for the various programmes and on the national political situation as regards, for instance land tenure, agrarian reform, the disbursement of assistance and food policy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural planning
related: urban development
source: GREMES

agricultural hydraulics
type: Concept
definition: Science and technology involved in the management of water resources, in the control of erosion and in the removal of unwanted water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako hidraulika
broader: applied science
source: ECHO2

farming technique
type: Concept
definition: The business, art, or skill of agriculture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nekazaritza-teknika
alternative label: ratarska tehnika @hr
broader: agricultural method
narrower: arboriculture
narrower: viticulture
narrower: factory farming
narrower: organic farming
narrower: horticulture
narrower: hydroculture
narrower: fruit cultivation
narrower: intensive farming
narrower: irrigation farming
narrower: arable farming
narrower: contour farming
narrower: dry farming
narrower: mixed farming
related: agricultural machinery
related: agricultural equipment
related: farm building
source: CED

forage crop
type: Concept
definition: Cultivation of crops for consumption by livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultivation system
related: crop production
source: PHC

market gardening
type: Concept
definition: The business of growing fruit and vegetables on a commercial scale.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural method
related match: Market garden
source: CED

seed (product)
type: Concept
definition: A fertilized ovule containing an embryo which forms a new plant upon germination.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: miscellaneous product
source: MGH

crop treatment
type: Concept
definition: Use of chemicals in order to avoid damage of crops by insects or weeds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural method
source: WRIGHT

phytosanitary treatment
type: Concept
definition: Removal of heavy metals from water by the employment of plants or treatment by which plant organisms act to degrade hazardous organic contaminants or transform hazardous inorganic contaminants to environmentally safe levels in soils, subsurface materials, water, sludges, and residues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural method
related: crop protection
source: ENVAR
source: LBL

aviculture
type: Concept
definition: The raising, keeping, and care of birds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πτηνοτροφία @el
alternative label: hegaztizaintza
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
narrower: poultry farming
source: AMHER

breeding technique
type: Concept
definition: Term referring to the systems employed in animal rearing (extensive and intensive).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
narrower: selective breeding of animals
source: RRDA

transhumance
type: Concept
definition: The seasonal migration of livestock to suitable grazing grounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νομαδική εκτροφή @el
alternative label: selidba zbog paše @hr
alternative label: fäbodsdrift @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
source: CED

administrative sanction
type: Concept
definition: Generally, any formal official imposition of penalty or fine; destruction, taking, seizure, or withholding of property; assessment of damages, reimbursement, restitution, compensation, costs, charges or fees; requirement, revocation or suspension of license; and taking other compulsory or restrictive action by organization, agency or its representative.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: administrativna sankcija @hr
alternative label: upravna sankcija @hr
broader: sanction

mineral conditioner
type: Concept
definition: Any naturally occurring inorganic substances with a definite chemical composition and usually of crystalline structure, such as rocks, which are used to stabilize soil, improving its resistance to erosion, texture and permeability.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fertiliser
related: soil improvement
source: RHW
source: SOI

draining
type: Concept
definition: The removal of water from a marshy area by artificial means, e.g. the introduction of drains.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποξήρανση @el
alternative label: dränering @sv
broader: agricultural method
related match: Urban exploration
source: WHIT

slash and burn culture
type: Concept
definition: A traditional farming system that has been used by generations of farmers in tropical forests and the savannah of north and east Africa. It is known to be an ecologically sound form of cultivation, and because the soil is poor in tropical rain forests it is a sustainable method of farming. It is still practised today, primarily in the developing countries. Small areas of bush or forests are cleared and the smaller trees burned. This unlocks the nutrients in the vegetation and gives the soil fertilizer that is easily taken up by plants. A few years later the soil is degraded and the farmer moves on to do the same at another site. The original ground is left fallow for anything up to 20 years so that the forest can regenerate. With the growth in population and in the subsequent need for more farming land to produce food, the method is increasingly being used today to clear large areas of tropical forests for cattle ranching, and in most cases the ground is not left fallow for long enough and, with modern mechanized farming systems, not enough tree stumps or suitable habitats for plant life are left to start the regeneration process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultivation system
related: controlled burning
source: WRIGHT

chalk
type: Concept
definition: A soft, pure, earthy, fine-textured, usually white to light gray or buff limestone of marine origin, consisting almost wholly (90-99%) of calcite, formed mainly by shallow-water accumulation of calcareous tests of floating microorganisms (chiefly foraminifers) and of comminuted remains of calcareous algae (such as cocoliths and rhabdoliths), set in a structureless matrix of very finely crystalline calcite. The rock is porous, somewhat friable, and only slightly coherent. It may include the remains of bottom-dwelling forms (e.g. ammonites, echinoderms, and pelecypods), and nodules of chert and pyrite. The best known and most widespread chalks are of Cretaceous age, such as those exposed in cliffs on both sides of the English Channel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυσικό ανθρακικό ασβέστιο @el
broader: non-metallic mineral
related: natural material
source: BJGEO

nitrogenous fertiliser
type: Concept
definition: Fertilizer materials, natural or synthesized, containing nitrogen available for fixation by vegetation, such as potassium nitrate or ammonium nitrate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailu nitrogenatu
broader: inorganic fertiliser
source: MGH

camping
type: Concept
definition: Guarded area equipped with sanitary facilities where holiday-makers may pitch a tent and camp by paying a daily rate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: leisure activity
source: ZINZAN

phosphatic fertiliser
type: Concept
definition: Fertilizer compound or mixture containing available (soluble) phosphate; examples are phosphate rock (phosphorite), superphosphates or triple superphosphates, nitrophosphate, potassium phosphate, or N-P-K mixtures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fosfato-ongailu
broader: inorganic fertiliser
source: MGH

potassium fertiliser
type: Concept
definition: A chemical fertilizer containing potassium. Potassium (K) is required by all plant and animal life. Plants require potassium for photosynthesis, osmotic regulation and the activation of enzyme systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: potasio-ongailu
broader: inorganic fertiliser
source: AGRIC

purification through the soil
type: Concept
definition: The act or process in which a section of the ground is freed from pollution or any type of contamination, often through natural processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil process
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9210
source: RHW

soil leaching
type: Concept
definition: The removal of water or any soluble constituents from the soil. Leaching often occurs with soil constituents such as nitrate fertilizers with the result that nitrates end up in potable waters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil process
related match: Soil salinity control
source: PORT

mineral matter
type: Concept
definition: Inorganic materials having a distinct chemical composition, characteristic crystalline structure, colour, and hardness.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gai mineral
broader: soil profile
related: mineral
source: DUNSTE

organic matter
type: Concept
definition: Plant and animal residue that decomposes and becomes a part of the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gai organikoak
broader: soil profile
source: KOREN

camping site
type: Concept
definition: A piece of land where people on holiday can stay in tents, usually with toilets and places for washing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tourist facility
source: CAMB

drainage system
type: Concept
definition: A surface stream, or a body of impounded surface water, together with all other such streams and water bodies that are tributary to it and by which a region is drained. An artificial drainage system includes also surface and subsurface conduits.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποχετευτικό δίκτυο @el
alternative label: kuivatusjärjestelmä @fi
alternative label: odvodňovací systém @sk
broader: drainage
narrower: natural drainage system
source: BJGEO

irrigation system
type: Concept
definition: A system of man-made channels for supplying water to land to allow plants to grow.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύστημα άρδευσης @el
alternative label: garaztatze-sistema
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9165
related: irrigation farming
related match: Irrigation
source: PHC

soil salinity
type: Concept
definition: Measurement of the quantity of mineral salts found in a soil. Many semi-arid and arid areas are naturally salty. By definition they are areas of substantial water deficit where evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation. Thus, whereas in humid areas there is sufficient water to percolate through the soil and to leach soluble materials from the soil and the rocks into the rivers and hence into the sea, in deserts this is not the case. Salts therefore tend to accumulate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil
related: salt content
source: GOUD
source: PHC

agronomic value
type: Concept
definition: The monetary or material worth at which buyers and sellers agree to do business for agricultural goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural economics
narrower: agricultural undervaluation
source: AGP
source: RHW

mountain management
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental management
related: mountain
related: mountain protection
related: avalanche protection

rural management and planning
type: Concept
definition: The activity or process of overseeing and preparing for the future physical arrangement and condition of any agricultural or pastoral area, which may involve protecting and developing natural and human resources that affect an area's economic vitality.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural planning
source: NPH
source: RHW

touristic activity management
type: Concept
definition: The administration, promotion, organization and planning for the business or industry of providing information, transportation, entertainment, accommodations and other services to travelers or visitors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: upravljanje turističkom djelatnošću @hr
broader: management
related: tourism
source: RHW

forestry unit
type: Concept
definition: Any entity or group of individuals involved with the creation, management and conservation of an extensive area of woodland, often to produce products and benefits such as timber, clean water, biodiversity and recreation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: forest
source: NCF

equipment plan
type: Concept
definition: A formulated or systematic method for the supply of material necessities such as tools, gear, provisions or furnishings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hornitze-plan
broader: plan
source: ISEP
source: OED

approach
type: Concept
definition: The way or means of entry or access.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hurbiltze-bide
broader: urban settlement
source: CED

canal
type: Concept
definition: An artificial open waterway used for transportation, waterpower, or irrigation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δίαυλος @el
alternative label: κανάλι @el
alternative label: kanal
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9254
narrower: urban water
narrower: irrigation canal
source: MGH

railway station
type: Concept
definition: A place along a route or line at which a train stops to pick up or let off passengers or goods, especially with ancillary buildings and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: željeznička postaja @hr
broader: station
related: shunting yard
related match: Train station
source: CED

bus station
type: Concept
definition: A place along a route or line at which a bus stops for fuel or to pick up or let off passengers or goods, especially with ancillary buildings and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: autobusna postaja @hr
broader: station
source: CED

road construction material
type: Concept
definition: The aggregation of components used for building streets, highways and other routes, such as asphalt, concrete, brick, sand and gravel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: errepide-eraikuntzarako material
broader: building material
source: ROA

engineering work
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process

railway network
type: Concept
definition: The whole system of railway distribution in a country.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic infrastructure
narrower: railway
related: rail traffic
source: RRDA

road network
type: Concept
definition: The system of roads through a country.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic infrastructure
narrower: road
related: road traffic
related match: Road
source: RRDA

navigation
type: Concept
definition: The science or art of conducting ships or aircraft from one place to another, esp. the method of determining position, course, and distance travelled over the surface of the earth by the principles of geometry and astronomy and by reference to devices (as radar beacons or instruments) designed as aids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πλοήγηση @el
alternative label: navigacija @hr
broader: traffic on water
narrower: maritime navigation
narrower: inland navigation
narrower: merchant shipping
related: navigational hazard
related: pilotage
source: WEBSTE

merchant shipping
type: Concept
definition: Transportation of persons and goods by means of ships travelling along fixed navigation routes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: komercijalni brodski prijevoz @hr
broader: navigation
related: commercial traffic
related: trade (services)
related match: Ship transport
source: ZINZAN

combined transport
type: Concept
definition: Transport in which more than one carrier is used, e.g. road, rail and sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kombinirani transport @hr
broader: mode of transportation
source: ECHO1

cancer
type: Concept
definition: Any malignant cellular tumour including carcinoma and sarcoma. It encompasses a group of neoplastic diseases in which there is a transformation of normal body cells into malignant ones, probably involving some change in the genetic material of the cells, possibly as a result of faulty repair of damage to the cell caused by carcinogenic agents or ionizing radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human disease
related: leukaemia
source: KOREN

urban community
type: Concept
definition: Body of people living in a town or city.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gradska zajednica @hr
broader: settlement concentration
related match: Residential community

urban development document
type: Concept
definition: A written or printed text furnishing proposals or procedures for the improvement of living conditions, especially housing, for the inhabitants of a city or densely populated area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hirigintza-agiri
broader: document type
source: RHW

periurban space
type: Concept
definition: Any expanse of land or region located on the outskirts of a city or town.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: periurbano područje @hr
alternative label: prigradsko područje @hr
broader: urban settlement
source: RHW

single family dwelling
type: Concept
definition: An unattached dwelling unit inhabited by an adult person plus one or more related persons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban habitat
related match: Single-family detached home
source: KOREN

land use plan
type: Concept
definition: The key element of a comprehensive plan; describes the recommended location and intensity of development for public and private land uses, such as residential, commercial, industrial, recreational and agricultural.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plan
related: land use
source: LANDY

urban planning and development
type: Concept
definition: The activity or process of preparing for the future arrangement and condition of an urban center, particularly the development of its physical lay-out, which would include the construction, reconstruction, conversion, alteration or enlargement of buildings and other structures, and the extension or use of undeveloped land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban planning
source: ELD
source: RHW

land use regime
type: Concept
definition: Relation existing between the landowner and the tenant farmer who cultivates the land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land management and planning
source: ECHO1

cancer risk
type: Concept
definition: The probability that exposure to some agent or substance will adversely transform cells to replicate and form a malignant tumor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κίνδυνος καρκινογένεσης @el
broader: risk
broader: health hazard
related: carcinogenicity
source: APD
source: HMD

new town
type: Concept
definition: Any of several recent urban developments that constitute small and essentially self-sufficient cities with a planned ordering of residential, industrial, and commercial development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: city
source: WEBSTE

pre-emption zone
type: Concept
definition: Areas that are subject to the pre-emption right which is a privilege accorded by the government to the actual settler upon a certain limited portion of the public domain, to purchase such tract at a fixed price to the exclusion of all other applicants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kde sa uplatňuje predkupné právo @sk
broader: land setup
source: BLACK

land-management intervention area
type: Concept
definition: Any expanse of land which requires a person or agency with authority to interpose or interfere in how it is used or administrated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land setup
source: RHW

canid
type: Concept
definition: Carnivorous mammal in the superfamily Canoidea, including dogs and their allies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: carnivore
narrower: dog
related match: Canidae
source: MGH

rural architecture
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arkitektura landatar
broader: architecture

traditional architecture
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: architecture
related match: Vernacular architecture

building destruction
type: Concept
definition: The tearing down of buildings by mechanical means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: husrivning @sv
broader: construction work
source: MGH

municipal engineering
type: Concept
definition: Branch of engineering dealing with the form and functions of urban areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engineering
related match: Municipal or urban engineering
source: MGH

building restoration
type: Concept
definition: The accurate reestablishment of the form and details of a building, its artifacts, and the site on which it is located, usually as it appeared at a particular time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eraikuntzen zaharberritze
alternative label: restauriranje zgrada @hr
broader: installation restoration
source: HARRIS

statutory declaration
type: Concept
definition: A declaration made in a prescribed form before a justice of the peace, notary public, or other person authorized to administer an oath.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izjava pred bilježnikom @hr
alternative label: izjava pred mirovnim sucem @hr
broader: law (corpus of rules)
source: DICLAW

quality standard
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ποιοτική προδιαγραφή @el
alternative label: standard kakvoće @hr
broader: standard
narrower: quality objective
narrower: housing quality standard
narrower: environmental quality standard
related match: Quality control

European standard
type: Concept
definition: A standard which has been approved pursuant to the statutes of the standards bodies with which the Community has concluded agreements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: europska norma @hr
broader: standard
related match: European Committee for Standardization
source: ECHO2

ISO standard
type: Concept
definition: Documented agreements containing technical specifications or other precise criteria to be used consistently as rules, guidelines, or definitions of characteristics, to ensure that materials, products, processes and services are fit for their purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: standard of International Standard Organisation @en
broader: standard
source: ISOCH

technical regulation
type: Concept
definition: A government or management prescribed rule that provides detailed or stringent requirements, either directly or by referring to or incorporating the content of a standard, technical specification or code of practice.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: patent
narrower: certification
narrower: homologation
narrower: standard
narrower: code
narrower: codification
narrower: norm
narrower: standardisation
narrower: normalisation
related: technical instruction
related: safety rule
source: PVG

codification
type: Concept
definition: The process of collecting and arranging systematically, usually by subject, the laws of a state or country, or the rules and regulations covering a particular area or subject of law or practice.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kodetze
alternative label: kodificiranje @hr
broader: technical regulation
source: WESTS

doctrine (law)
type: Concept
definition: A rule, principle, theory, or tenet of the law, as the doctrine of merger, the doctrine of relation, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: opinkappale @fi
broader: law branch
related match: Legal doctrine
source: WESTS

transport law
type: Concept
definition: Rules concerning the movement of goods or persons by sea, railway or road.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: speed limit
related: transportation
source: WESTS

rural law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government pertaining to matters of importance to residents of sparsely populated regions, especially agricultural and other economic issues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural legislation
source: RUR

animal rights
type: Concept
definition: Just claims, legal guarantees or moral principles accorded to sentient, non-human species, including freedom from abuse, consumption, experimentation, use as clothing or performing for human entertainment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: rights
narrower: animal protection
source: ONE
source: RHW

rights of future generations
type: Concept
definition: The moral, legal or ethical claims of posterity on present people, based on the recognition that the young and unborn are vulnerable to contemporary decision-making, especially decisions having long-term effect on the societies and environment they inherit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human rights
source: FUT

citizen rights
type: Concept
definition: Rights recognized and protected by law, pertaining to the members of a state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human rights
source: ZINZAN

car
type: Concept
definition: A four-wheeled motor vehicle used for land transport, usually propelled by a gasoline or diesel internal combustion engine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: auto
broader: motor vehicle
narrower: clean air car
narrower: private car
related match: Automobile
source: RHW

notice
type: Concept
definition: Factual information, advice or a written warning communicated to a person by an authorized source, often conveyed because of a legal or administrative rule requiring transmission of such information to all concerned parties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναγγελία @el
alternative label: ανακοίνωση @el
alternative label: γνωστοποίηση @el
alternative label: ohar
alternative label: upozorenje @hr
alternative label: otkaz @hr
alternative label: priopćenje @hr
alternative label: objava @hr
broader: administrative procedure
source: BLD

circular mail
type: Concept
definition: A memorandum, letter or notice in either paper or electronic format distributed widely throughout an organization or to a general list of interested parties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gutun
alternative label: cirkular @hr
broader: administrative procedure
source: RHW

Community ruling
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: EC regulation

order
type: Concept
definition: 1) A direction or command of a court. In this sense it is often used synonymously with judgment. 2) The document bearing the seal of the court recording its judgment in a case.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ένταλμα @el
alternative label: παραγγελία @el
alternative label: τάξη @el
alternative label: διαταγή @el
alternative label: mandatu
alternative label: määräys @fi
alternative label: naredba @hr
alternative label: odluka @hr
alternative label: beställning @sv
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: executive order
narrower: general administrative order
narrower: subsequent order
narrower: environmental protection order
source: DICLAW

administrative instructions
type: Concept
definition: Education in the theories and practices of managing an office, business or organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: administrazio-jarraibideak
broader: level of education
related: administrative law
source: RHW

technical instruction
type: Concept
definition: The education, instruction, or discipline pertaining to or connected with the mechanical or industrial arts and the applied sciences.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tehnička uputstva @hr
broader: level of education
related: technical regulation
source: RHW

law (corpus of rules)
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules of action or conduct prescribed by controlling authority, and having binding legal force.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lege (arau-bilduma)
alternative label: zakoni (korpus pravila) @hr
scope note: not in U.K. @en
narrower: juridical act
narrower: financial law
narrower: genetic engineering legislation
narrower: industrial legislation
narrower: planning law
narrower: police law
narrower: legislation on pollution
narrower: directive
narrower: forestry legislation
narrower: recommendation
narrower: competition law
narrower: data processing law
narrower: Community law
narrower: housing legislation
narrower: agricultural legislation
narrower: ordinance
narrower: ownership
narrower: labour law
narrower: decree
narrower: regulation
narrower: decision
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9091
narrower: fishing law
narrower: convention
narrower: emergency law
narrower: transport law
narrower: protocol
narrower: treaty
narrower: energy legislation
narrower: aviation law
narrower: law branch
narrower: order
narrower: statutory declaration
narrower: mining law
narrower: health legislation
narrower: environmental legislation
narrower: maritime law
source: WESTS

hunting licence
type: Concept
definition: Official permission granted to individuals or commercial enterprises allowing and regulating by time, location, species, size or amount the wild animals or game that can be killed and taken from lands within a particular jurisdiction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κυνηγετική άδεια @el
alternative label: ehiza-lizentzia
alternative label: dozvola za lov @hr
broader: permission
related: hunting
source: RHW

building permit
type: Concept
definition: Authorization required by local governmental bodies for the erection of an enclosed structure or for the major alteration or expansion of an existing edifice.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άδεια κατασκευής @el
alternative label: byggnadstillstånd @sv
broader: permission
narrower: installation requiring approval
related match: Construction permit
source: BLD

fishing licence
type: Concept
definition: Official permission granted to individuals or commercial enterprises allowing and regulating by time, location, species, size or amount the fish that can be caught from rivers, lakes or ocean waters within a particular jurisdiction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrantza-lizentzia
alternative label: fiskekort @sv
broader: permission
related: fishing
source: BLD
source: RHW

law draft
type: Concept
definition: The form in which proposed statutes, resolutions or special acts are introduced into a legislative body, before they are enacted or passed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislative procedure
source: RHW

regulation
type: Concept
definition: The act of regulating; a rule or order prescribed for management or government; a regulating principle; a precept. Rule of order prescribed by superior or competent authority relating to action on those under its control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρύθμιση @el
alternative label: araudi
alternative label: propis @hr
alternative label: pravilo @hr
alternative label: reglering @sv
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: regional regulation
narrower: regulation on maximum permissible limits
narrower: environmental protection regulation
narrower: occupational safety regulation
narrower: pollution control regulation
narrower: regulation of agricultural production
narrower: transport regulation
narrower: mining regulation
narrower: electronic scrap regulation
narrower: dangerous goods regulation
narrower: legal regulation
narrower: traffic regulation
narrower: health regulation
narrower: EC regulation
narrower: building regulation
related: prescription
source: BLACK

transposition of directive
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: judicial system

concession
type: Concept
definition: Any rebate, abatement, voluntary grant of or a yielding to a demand or claim, typically made by a government or controlling authority to an individual or organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παραχώρηση @el
alternative label: emakida
alternative label: kontzesio
alternative label: myyntilupa @fi
alternative label: ustupak @hr
alternative label: povlastica @hr
alternative label: beviljande @sv
broader: permission
source: BLD

public discussion
type: Concept
definition: Consideration, commentary by argument or informal debate on some issue that is open and of concern to the general populace.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: opinion
related match: Public sphere
source: RHW

declaration of public utility
type: Concept
definition: Administrative Act giving the right to take private property for public use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: judicial system
source: BLACK

private domain
type: Concept
definition: Generally, land and water owned by individuals or corporations as opposed to the state; in French civil law, any government property capable of being owned by non-public entities, which cannot be seized and which is restricted to the stipulated ownership and use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: područje zadržanih prava @hr
alternative label: unutarnja nadležnost @hr
broader: public law
source: ADM
source: BLD

public waterways domain
type: Concept
definition: Rivers, canals and lakes owned by the state as opposed to individuals or corporations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public law
source: BLD
source: RHW

public maritime domain
type: Concept
definition: eas or ocean areas owned by the state as opposed to individuals or corporations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public law
source: BLD
source: RHW

right of access
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: land access
narrower: access to the sea
related match: Right-of-way (transportation)

public benefit inquiry
type: Concept
definition: An investigation, especially a formal one conducted into a matter of public utility by a body constituted for that purpose by a government, local authority, or other organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jendearen intereseko ikerketa
broader: public inquiry
source: CED

public inquiry
type: Concept
definition: An investigation, especially a formal one conducted into a matter of public utility by a body constituted for that purpose by a government, local authority, or other organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ερωτήσεις που υποβάλλονται από το κοινό @el
broader: survey
narrower: public benefit inquiry
narrower: public opinion polling
source: CED

delegated management
type: Concept
definition: The process of assigning or transferring authority, decision making or a specific administrative function from one entity to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: norbaiten esku utzitako kudeaketa
alternative label: upravljanje s prijenosom ovlasti @hr
alternative label: delegerad styrning @sv
broader: management technique
source: OED

state control
type: Concept
definition: The power or authority of a government to regulate or command industry, organizations, programs, initiatives and individuals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: državna kontrola @hr
alternative label: nationell översyn @sv
broader: administrative competence
source: RHW

easement
type: Concept
definition: The rights of use over the property of another; a burden on a piece of land causing the owner to suffer access by another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rasite @fi
alternative label: vaja @fi
alternative label: nautintaoikeus @fi
alternative label: servitut @hr
alternative label: pravo korištenja tuđe imovine @hr
broader: ownership
source: DUHA

crime
type: Concept
definition: Any act done in violation of those duties which an individual owes to the community, and for the breach of which the law has provided that the offender shall make satisfaction to the public.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zločin @hr
broader: justice
narrower: offence against the environment
narrower: environmental misconduct
narrower: environmental crime
narrower: infraction
narrower: prosecution
source: BLACK

police power
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: policijske snage @hr
broader: administrative competence

criminal law procedure
type: Concept
definition: The rules of law governing the procedure by which crimes are investigated, prosecuted, adjudicated, and punish.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jardunbide penal
broader: legal procedure
source: BLACK

judgement (sentence)
type: Concept
definition: The official and authentic decision of a court of justice upon the respective rights and claims of the parties to an action or suit therein litigated and submitted to its determination. The final decision of the court resolving the dispute and determining the rights and obligations of the parties. The law's last word in a judicial controversy, it being the final determination by a court of the rights of the parties upon matters submitted to it in an action or proceeding.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καταδίκη @el
alternative label: presuda @hr
alternative label: odluka suda (kazna) @hr
broader: judicial system
source: WESTS

conflict
type: Concept
definition: A state of opposition or disagreement between ideas, interests, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαμάχη @el
alternative label: spor @hr
alternative label: konflikt @hr
alternative label: nesuglasje @hr
alternative label: skiljaktighet @sv
broader: judicial system
source: CED

litigation
type: Concept
definition: A judicial contest, a judicial controversy, a suit at law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: parničenje @hr
alternative label: spor @hr
alternative label: sudski postupak @hr
alternative label: parnica @hr
alternative label: process @sv
broader: judicial system
related match: Lawsuit
source: BLACK

administrative court (administration)
type: Concept
definition: An independent, specialized judicial tribunal in which judges or officials are authorized by a government agency to conduct hearings and render decisions in proceedings between the government agency and the persons, businesses or other organizations that it regulates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: court
source: BLD

Court of Justice of the European Communities
type: Concept
definition: Institution set up under Treaty of Rome to ensure that in interpretation and application of the Treaty the law is observed. It consists of judges from each member state, appointed for 6-year periods, assisted by three Advocates General. It sits in Luxembourg, expressing itself in judgements when called upon to do so in proceedings initiated by member states, institutions of the EC and natural or legal persons. Procedures are generally inquisitorial.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Europski sud @hr
broader: European Union
related match: Court of Justice of the European Union
source: CURZON

justice
type: Concept
definition: The correct application of law as opposed to arbitrariness.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pravednost @hr
alternative label: pravna zaštita @hr
alternative label: pravosuđe @hr
alternative label: rätt @sv
narrower: crime
narrower: access to the courts
narrower: criminality
narrower: legal procedure
narrower: ruling
source: CURZON

trial
type: Concept
definition: A judicial examination and determination of issues between parties to action; whether they need issues of law or of fact. A judicial examination, in accordance with law of the land, of a cause, either civil or criminal, of the issues between the parties, whether of law or fact, before a court that has proper jurisdiction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δοκιμασία @el
alternative label: εξέταση @el
alternative label: δίκη @el
alternative label: saslušanje @hr
alternative label: sudski postupak @hr
alternative label: suđenje @hr
alternative label: rättegång @sv
alternative label: mål @sv
alternative label: process @sv
alternative label: försök @sv
alternative label: experiment @sv
broader: judicial system
source: WESTS

carbohydrate
type: Concept
definition: Any of the group of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, including sugars, starches and celluloses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
narrower: starch
related: cellulose
source: MGH

court
type: Concept
definition: An organ of the government, belonging to the judicial department, whose function is the application of the laws to controversies brought before it and the public administration of justice. The presence of a sufficient number of the members of such a body regularly convened in an authorized place at an appointed time, engaged in the full and regular performance of its functions. A body in the government to which the administration of justice is delegated. A body organized to administer justice, and including both judge and jury. An incorporeal, political being, composed of one or more judges, who sit at fixed times and places, attended by proper officers, pursuant to lawful authority, for the administration of justice. An organized body with defined powers, meeting at certain times and places for the hearing and decision of causes and other matters brought before it, and aided in this, its proper business, by its proper officers, attorneys and counsel to present and manage the business, clerks to record and attest its acts and decisions, and ministerial officers to execute its commands, and secure due order in its proceedings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (ενώπιον της) δικαιοσύνη(ς) @el
alternative label: αυλή @el
broader: judicial body
narrower: court of justice
narrower: administrative court (administration)
source: WESTS

carbon
type: Concept
definition: A nonmetallic element existing in the three crystalline forms: graphite, diamond and buckminsterfullerene: occurring in carbon dioxide, coal, oil and all organic compounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group IV
related: atmospheric component
source: CED

lease
type: Concept
definition: Any agreement which gives rise to relationship of landlord and tenant (real property) or lessor and lessee (real or personal property). Contract for exclusive possession of lands or tenements for determinate period. Contract for possession and profits of lands and tenements either for life, or for certain period of time, or during the pleasure of the parties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μισθωτήριο @el
alternative label: σταύρωση @el
alternative label: akura
alternative label: leasning @sv
alternative label: utarrendering @sv
alternative label: uthyrande @sv
broader: housing legislation
source: WESTS

certification
type: Concept
definition: The formal assertion in writing of some fact.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χορήγηση (έκδοση) πιστοποιητικού @el
alternative label: βεβαίωση @el
alternative label: ziurtapen
alternative label: uvjerenje @hr
alternative label: certifikat @hr
alternative label: utfärdande av intyg @sv
broader: technical regulation
narrower: quality certification
source: BLACK

homologation
type: Concept
definition: The approval given by the judge of certain acts and agreements for the purpose of rendering them more binding and executory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποδοχή @el
alternative label: επιβεβαίωση @el
alternative label: άδεια @el
alternative label: επικύρωση @el
broader: technical regulation
source: WESTS

carbonate
type: Concept
definition: A salt or ester of carbonic acid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανθρακικό άλας @el
alternative label: saturoida @fi
broader: carbon dioxide
narrower: potash
source: CED

notification
type: Concept
definition: Information concerning a fact, actually communicated to a person by an authorized person.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναγγελία @el
alternative label: ειδοποίηση @el
alternative label: ilmoittaminen @fi
alternative label: prijava @hr
alternative label: notifikacija @hr
broader: judicial system
narrower: prior notification for hazardous waste transport
related match: Notification system
source: BLACK

pre-emption
type: Concept
definition: The right of first refusal to purchase land in the event that the grantor of the right should decide to sell.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δικαίωμα προτίμησης @el
alternative label: pravo prvokupa @hr
alternative label: förköpsrätt @sv
broader: judicial system
related match: Preemption

prescription
type: Concept
definition: Acquisition of a personal right to use a way, water, light and air by reason of continuous usage. Prescription is a peremptory and perpetual bar to every species of action, real or personal, when creditor has been silent for a certain time without urging his claim.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: resepti @fi
alternative label: stjecanje prava dosjelošću @hr
alternative label: ordination @sv
broader: judicial system
related: regulation
source: WESTS

repression
type: Concept
definition: The act, as by power or authority, of arresting or inhibiting the communication of ideas or facts as expressed in a practice, movement, publication or piece of evidence in a court proceeding.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιορισμός @el
alternative label: συγκράτηση @el
alternative label: απώθηση @el
alternative label: sorto @fi
alternative label: hillintä @fi
broader: administrative procedure
source: OED

devolution
type: Concept
definition: The act of assigning or entrusting authority, powers or functions to another as deputy or agent, typically to a subordinate in the administrative structure of an organization or institution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εκφυλισμός @el
alternative label: ανάστροφη εξέλιξη @el
alternative label: delegatze
alternative label: seuraanto @fi
alternative label: prijenos ovlasti @hr
alternative label: devolucija @hr
broader: public function
source: RHW

pollutant flow
type: Concept
definition: The forward continuous motion or diffusion of polluting substances, or the rate or quantity in which polluting substances move from one place to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaile-fluxu
broader: pollutant pathway
source: MHD
source: WWC

ocean-air interface
type: Concept
definition: The sea and the atmosphere are fluids in contact with one another, but in different energy states - the liquid and the gaseous. The free surface boundary between them inhibits, but by no means totally prevents, exchange of mass and energy between the two. Almost all interchanges across this boundary occur most effectively when turbulent conditions prevail. A roughened sea surface, large differences in properties between the water and the air, or an unstable air column that facilitates the transport of air volumes from sea surface to high in the atmosphere. Both heat and water (vapor) tend to migrate across the boundary in the direction from sea to air. Heat is exchanged by three processes: radiation, conduction, and evaporation. The largest net exchange is through evaporation, the process of transferring water from sea to air by vaporization of the water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air-water interaction
source: PARCOR

pollutant migration
type: Concept
definition: Uncontrolled movement, caused by percolation or other processes, of liquid or gaseous polluting materials from an original source area into other parts of an ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen migrazio
broader: pollutant pathway
source: MHD

incidental pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution caused by oil spills, by the accidental release of radioactive substances, by the immission in water bodies or in the atmosphere of chemical substances deriving from industrial activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ustekabeko poluzio
broader: pollution type
source: DIFID

bacteriological pollution
type: Concept
definition: Contamination of water, soil and air with pathogen bacteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio bakteriologiko
broader: pollution type
related: biological contamination
source: RRDA

carbon cycle
type: Concept
definition: The cycle of carbon in the biosphere, in which plants convert carbon dioxide to organic compounds that are consumed by plants and animals, and the carbon is returned to the biosphere in inorganic form by processes of respiration and decay.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biogeochemical cycle
source: MGH

diffuse pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution from widespread activities with no one discrete source, e.g. acid rain, pesticides, urban run-off etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio barreiatu
alternative label: difuzno onečišćenje @hr
alternative label: diffus förorening @sv
broader: pollution type
related: diffuse source
source: HGD

domestic pollution
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etxeko kutsadura
broader: pollution type
related: household

mineral pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution deriving from all classes of mining operations and having an adverse effect on aquatic life, water supplies and the recreational use of waters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio mineral
broader: pollution type
source: GILP96

organic pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution caused by animal or plant material derived from living and dead organisms that may contain pathogenic bacteria and negatively influences the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio organiko
broader: pollution type
related: organic pollutant
source: GILP96

photochemical pollution
type: Concept
definition: Air pollution containing ozone and other reactive chemical compounds formed by the action of sunlight on nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, especially those in automobile exhaust.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio fotokimiko
broader: chemical pollution

land-based marine pollution
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lur-jatorriko itsas poluzio
broader: pollution type

toxic pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution by toxic substances that produce a harmful effect on living organisms by physical contact, ingestion, or inhalation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura toxiko
alternative label: onečišćenje otrovnim tvarima @hr
broader: pollution type
related: toxicity

river disposal
type: Concept
definition: Discharge of solid, liquid or gaseous waste into a river.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dumping
related: river pollution

underground disposal
type: Concept
definition: The discharge, dumping or emission of wastes below the surface of the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land disposal
source: RHW

urban pollutant
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hiriko kutsatzaile
broader: pollutant

prevention measure
type: Concept
definition: Measures taken in advance to prevent the occurrence of disasters or similar emergencies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
narrower: natural risks prevention
narrower: damage prevention
narrower: disaster prevention
narrower: preventive information
narrower: fire precaution
related: mitigation measure
related: pollution prevention
related: preventive health measure
related: occupational health care
source: GUNN

protective measure
type: Concept
definition: Any precautionary action, procedure or installation conceived or undertaken to guard or defend from harm persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
narrower: civilian protection
narrower: radiation protection
narrower: fire protection
narrower: noise protection
narrower: flood protection
related: mitigation measure
source: RHW

strong acidity
type: Concept
definition: High degree of ionization of an acid in water solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acidity
source: KOREN

biomarker
type: Concept
definition: A normal metabolite that, when present in abnormal concentrations in certain body fluids, can indicate the presence of a particular disease or toxicological condition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: markatzaile biologiko
alternative label: biološki pokazatelj @hr
broader: marker
related: biological indicator
source: DICCHE

biological contamination
type: Concept
definition: The presence in the environment of living organisms or agents derived by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and mammal and bird antigens that can cause many health effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio biologiko
broader: contamination
related: biological pollution
related: bacteriological pollution
source: KOREN

chemical contamination
type: Concept
definition: The addition or presence of chemicals to, or in, another substance to such a degree as to render it unfit for its intended purpose. Also refers to the result(s) of such an addition or presence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio kimiko
broader: contamination
narrower: cadmium contamination
narrower: mercury contamination
narrower: lead contamination
related: chemical pollutant
related: chemical pollution
source: ISEP

biological effect of pollution
type: Concept
definition: Effects of pollution on living systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzioaren efektu biologiko
broader: biological effect
narrower: synergistic effect of toxic substances
narrower: antagonistic effect of toxic substances
related: defoliation
source: RRDA

carbon dioxide
type: Concept
notation: CO2
definition: A colourless gas with a faint tingling smell and taste. Atmospheric carbon dioxide is the source of carbon for plants. As carbon dioxide is heavier than air and does not support combustion, it is used in fire extinguishers. It is a normal constituent of the atmosphere, relatively innocuous in itself but playing an important role in the greenhouse effect. It is produced during the combustion of fossil fuels when the carbon content of the fuels reacts with the oxygen during combustion. It is also produced when living organisms respire. It is essential for plant nutrition and in the ocean phytoplankton is capable of absorbing and releasing large quantities of the gas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: karbono(IV) oxido
broader: inorganic substance
narrower: carbonate
related: greenhouse gas
source: GILP96
source: UVAROV

irreversibility of the phenomenon
type: Concept
definition: That quality of a process that precludes a prior state from being attained again.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ireverzibilnost @hr
broader: parameter
source: MICH

quality objective
type: Concept
definition: Any goal or target established for a product, service or endeavor that aspires to attain a relatively high grade or level of excellence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: quality standard
source: RHW

solid particle
type: Concept
definition: Any tiny or very small mass of material that has a definite volume and shape and resists forces that would alter its volume or shape.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zatiki solido
broader: particle
source: OMD
source: APD
source: MHD

purifying power
type: Concept
definition: Regenerative capacity of a system, of soils, water, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
source: ECHO2

carbon dioxide tax
type: Concept
definition: Compulsory charges levied on fuels to reduce the output of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is a colourless and odourless gas substance that is incombustible.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental tax
source: ODE
source: RHW

sensor
type: Concept
definition: The generic name for a device that senses either the absolute value or a change in a physical quantity such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, or pH, or the intensity of light, sound, or ratio waves and converts that change into a useful input signal for an information-gathering system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αισθητήριο (όργανο) @el
alternative label: αισθητήρας @el
alternative label: hipaisunäppäin @fi
broader: monitoring equipment
source: MGH

instrumentation
type: Concept
definition: Designing, manufacturing, and utilizing physical instruments or instrument systems for detection, observation, measurement, automatic control, automatic computation, communication, or data processing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύστημα οργάνων @el
alternative label: οργανολογία @el
alternative label: συσκευές @el
broader: equipment
source: MGH

metrology
type: Concept
definition: The science of measurement.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metrologija @hr
alternative label: mätningslära @sv
broader: physical science
source: MGH

observation satellite
type: Concept
definition: Man-made device that orbits the earth, receiving, processing and transmitting signals and generating images such as weather pictures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: artificial satellite
related: monitoring
related: remote sensing
related: satellite
source: PHC

atrazine
type: Concept
definition: Herbicide belonging to the triazine group, widely employed and particularly in maize crops. It is highly toxic for phytoplancton and freshwater algae and, being highly soluble in water, it easily contaminates aquifers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: triazine
related: herbicide
source: RAMADE

organic nitrogen
type: Concept
definition: Essential nutrient of the food supply of plants and the diets of animals. Animals obtain it in nitrogen-containing compounds, particularly aminoacids. Although the atmosphere is nearly 80% gaseous nitrogen, very few organisms have the ability to use it in this form. The higher plants normally obtain it from the soil after microorganisms have converted the nitrogen into ammonia or nitrates, which they can then absorb. This conversion of nitrogen, known as nitrogen fixation, is essential for the formation of amino acids which, in turn, are the building blocks of proteins.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organonitrogen compound
source: WRIGHT

halogenated compound
type: Concept
definition: A substance containing halogen atoms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
related: CFC and halons prohibition
related: organohalogen compound
related match: Halocarbon
source: MGH

carbon monoxide
type: Concept
notation: CO
definition: Colorless, odourless, tasteless, non-corrosive, highly poisonous gas of about the same density as that of air. Very flammable, burning in air with bright blue flame. Although each molecule of CO has one carbon atom and one oxygen atom, it has a shape similar to that of an oxygen molecule (two atoms of oxygen), which is important with regard to it's lethality.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: karbono(II) oxido
broader: inorganic substance
source: PHYMAC

sulphur monoxide
type: Concept
definition: A gas at ordinary temperatures; produces an orange-red deposit when cooled to temperatures of liquid air; prepared by passing an electric discharge through a mixture of sulfur vapor and sulfur dioxide at low temperature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sulphur oxide
related match: Sulfur monoxide
source: MGH

pyralene
type: Concept
definition: Chemical compound belonging to the polychlorinated biphenyls family, used in the production of electrical equipment which requires dielectric fluid such as power transformers and capacitors, as well as in hydraulic machinery, vacuum pumps, compressors and heat-exchanger fluids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: polychlorinated biphenyl
related match: Polychlorinated biphenyl
source: PZ

asbestosis
type: Concept
definition: A non-malignant progressive, irreversible, lung disease, characterized by diffuse fibrosis, resulting from the inhalation of asbestos fibers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πνευμονοκονίωση εξ αμιάντου @el
broader: occupational disease
source: CONFER

genotoxicity
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxicity
related: genetic effect
related: malformation

intoxication
type: Concept
definition: The state of being poisoned; the condition produced by a poison which may be swallowed, inhaled, injected, or absorbed through the skin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rohdoksen aiheuttama myrkytys @fi
alternative label: otrovanje @hr
broader: poisoning
source: KOREN

carcass disposal
type: Concept
definition: The disposal of slaughtered animals, other dead animal bodies and animal body parts after removal of the offal products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απόθεση νεκρών ζώων @el
alternative label: hiliki-ezabaketa
broader: waste disposal
related: animal waste
source: ISEP

biological test
type: Concept
definition: The laboratory determination of the effects of substances upon specific living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: test biologiko
alternative label: biološki test @hr
broader: test
source: GILP96

total organic carbon
type: Concept
definition: The amount of carbon covalently bound in organic compounds in a water sample.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: KOG
alternative label: TOC @sv
broader: organic carbon
source: WQA

chemical degradation
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of simplifying or breaking down a molecule into smaller parts, either naturally or artificially.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: degradation
related match: Chemical decomposition
source: OED

laboratory test
type: Concept
definition: Tests, examinations or evaluations performed in a laboratory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborategiko test
broader: test
source: KOREN

biotic index
type: Concept
definition: Scale for showing the quality of an environment by indicating the types of organisms present in it (e.g. how clean a river is).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: index
source: PHC

oxidisable material
type: Concept
definition: Substance that can undergo a chemical reaction with oxygen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
source: CED

dissolved oxygen
type: Concept
definition: The amount of oxygen dissolved in a stream, river or lake is an indication of the degree of health of the stream and its ability to support a balanced aquatic ecosystem. The oxygen comes from the atmosphere by solution and from photosynthesis of water plants. The maximum amount of oxygen that can be held in solution in a stream is termed the saturation concentration and, as it is a function of temperature, the greater the temperature, the less the saturation amount. The discharge of an organic waste to a stream imposes an oxygen demand on the stream. If there is an excessive amount of organic matter, the oxidation of waste by microorganisms will consume oxygen more rapidly than it can be replenished. When this happens, the dissolved oxygen is depleted and results in the death of the higher forms of life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
related match: Oxygen saturation
source: PORT

photodegradation
type: Concept
definition: The capability of being decomposed by prolonged exposure to light.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλλοίωση λόγω έκθεσης στο φως @el
broader: photochemical reaction
source: CED

insoluble substance
type: Concept
definition: Substance incapable of forming a solution, especially in water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
related: solubility
source: CED

non-volatile substance
type: Concept
definition: Substance that is not capable of changing from a solid or liquid form to a vapour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nehlapiva tvar @hr
broader: chemical
related: volatility
source: CED

weakly degradable substance
type: Concept
definition: A substance that is not easily converted to another, usually less complex compound.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gutxi degradatzen den substantzia
broader: chemical
related: non-biodegradable pollutant
related: degradability
related: persistant organic pollutant
source: GILP96

volatile substance
type: Concept
definition: A substance capable of readily changing from a solid or liquid form to a vapour; having a high vapour pressure and a low boiling point.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hlapiva tvar @hr
broader: chemical
narrower: volatile organic compound
related: volatility
source: CED

chemical corrosivity
type: Concept
definition: The tendency of a metal to wear away another by chemical attack.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kemijsko nagrizanje @hr
broader: chemical property
related: corrosion
source: MGH

physicochemical analysis
type: Concept
definition: Analysis based on the physical changes associated with chemical reactions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
narrower: granulometry
source: UVAROV

carcinogenicity
type: Concept
definition: The ability or tendency of a substance or physical agent to cause or produce cancer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ικανότητα καρκινογένεσης @el
alternative label: kantzerigenotasun
alternative label: karcinogeničnost @hr
broader: health hazard
related: carcinogenicity test
related: cancer risk
related match: Carcinogen
source: CONFER

experimental study
type: Concept
definition: Study based on experimentation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eksperimentalno istraživanje @hr
broader: scientific research
related match: Experiment
source: CED

granulometry
type: Concept
definition: 1) The determination of the different grain size in a granular material. 2) The proportion by weight of particles of different sizes in granular material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
broader: physicochemical analysis
related: sieving
source: ECHO2

carcinogenicity test
type: Concept
definition: Test for assessing if a chemical or physical agent increases the risk of cancer. The three major ways of testing for carcinogens are animals tests, epidemiological studies and bacterial tests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kantzerigenotasun-proba
broader: test
related: carcinogenicity
source: EPAGLO

drawing
type: Concept
definition: To cause to discharge from an abscess or wound or to obtain a sample of tissue or organic liquid for examination.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σχέδιο @el
alternative label: σχεδίαση @el
alternative label: ανάληψη @el
alternative label: κλήρωση @el
alternative label: ολκή @el
alternative label: laginak hartze
alternative label: venytys @fi
alternative label: puštanje @hr
alternative label: vađenje @hr
alternative label: povlačenje @hr
alternative label: borttagande @sv
alternative label: dragning @sv
alternative label: utdragning @sv
broader: health care
source: CED

chemical product
type: Concept
definition: A substance characterized by definite molecular composition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: product
narrower: existing chemical
narrower: oil binding agent
narrower: flocculant
narrower: impregnating agent
narrower: foaming agent
narrower: adhesive
narrower: lye
narrower: additive
narrower: solvent
narrower: dye
narrower: refrigerant
narrower: activated carbon
narrower: disinfectant
narrower: preservative
narrower: agrochemical
narrower: softening agent
narrower: petrochemical
narrower: etching substance
narrower: ink
narrower: phosphate substitute
narrower: photochemical product
narrower: road salt
narrower: biocide
narrower: corrosion inhibitor
narrower: household chemical
narrower: complexing agent
narrower: haloform
narrower: oxidising agent
narrower: glue
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/932
narrower: speciality chemical
source: MGH

flammable product
type: Concept
definition: Material having the ability to generate a sufficient concentration of combustible vapors to produce a flame, if ignited.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hazardous substance
source: LEE

organoleptic property
type: Concept
definition: Properties that can be perceived by sense organs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
narrower: water taste
source: RRDA

carcinogen
type: Concept
definition: A substance that causes cancer in humans and animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kantzerigeno
alternative label: karcinogena tvar @hr
broader: disease cause
related: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
source: WRIGHT

hearing system
type: Concept
definition: The system that is concerned with the perception of sound, is mediated through the organ of Corti of the ear in mammals or through corresponding sensory receptors of the lagena in lower vertebrates, is normally sensitive in man to sound vibrations between 16 and 27.000 cycles per second but most receptive to those between 2.000 and 5.000 cycles per second, is conducted centrally by the cochlear branch of the auditory nerve, and is coordinated especially in the medial geniculate body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: anatomy
related: hearing (sense)
source: WEBSTE

cardiovascular system
type: Concept
definition: Those structures, including the heart and blood vessels, which provide channels for the flow of blood.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: anatomy
related match: Circulatory system
source: MGH

cardiology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the heart.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
source: MGH

cardiovascular disease
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bolest srca i krvnih žila @hr
broader: human disease

enterovirus
type: Concept
definition: Any of a subgroup of the picornaviruses infecting the gastrointestinal tract and discharged in feces, including coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and polioviruses; may be involved in respiratory disease, meningitis, and neurological disease.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: virus
broader: disease cause
source: KOREN

animal biology
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study of the natural processes of animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological process
source: CAMB

plant biology
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study of the natural processes of plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological process
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/971
related match: Botany
source: CAMB

genetic pool
type: Concept
definition: The total number of genes or the amount of genetic information possessed by all the reproductive members of a population of sexually reproducing organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: genetski bazen @hr
alternative label: genetski pool @hr
broader: genetic diversity
related: genetic resource
source: ALL2

hearing acuity
type: Concept
definition: Effectiveness of hearing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: entzumen-zorroztasun
broader: hearing (sense)
source: CAMB

decibel
type: Concept
definition: A unit used to express relative difference on power, usually between acoustic or electric signals, equal to ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the two level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acoustic level
source: AMHER

acoustical quality
type: Concept
definition: The characteristics of a confined space that determines its ability to enable music and speech to be heard clearly within it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kalitate akustiko
broader: parameter
related: sound
source: UVAROV

Caribbean Area
type: Concept
definition: A geographical region bordered on the south by South America and Panama, and on the west by Central America, and consisting of the West Indian, and nearby, islands and the Caribbean Sea, a part of the western Atlantic Ocean.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Karibe
broader: Americas
source: RHW

noise spectrum
type: Concept
definition: The range of frequencies occurring in the noise emitted by a source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: espektro akustiko
broader: environmental data
broader: noise
related: noise analysis
source: UVAROV

carnivore
type: Concept
definition: An animal that eats meat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: karnivor @hr
alternative label: köttätare @sv
broader: mammal
narrower: ursid
narrower: pinniped
narrower: felid
narrower: mustelid
narrower: canid
source: CAMB

mechanical vibration
type: Concept
definition: A motion, usually unintentional and often undesirable, of parts of machines and structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μηχανικός κραδασμός @el
alternative label: bibrazio mekaniko
broader: vibration
related match: Vibration
source: MGH

airborne noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise caused by the movement of large volumes of air and the use of high-pressure air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: noise type
narrower: sonic boom
source: CORBIT

background noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise coming from source other than the noise source being monitored.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: noise type
source: KOREN

rolling noise
type: Concept
definition: Deeply resounding, reverberating noise caused by the friction between car tyres and road surfaces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: noise type
related: traffic noise
source: CED

neighbourhood noise
type: Concept
definition: General noise from a local source (such as the noise of a factory) which is disturbing to people living in the area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: buka okoline @hr
broader: environmental noise
source: PHC

acoustic comfort
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health protection
related: noise protection

noise exposure plan
type: Concept
definition: A formulated or systematic method to prevent the effects of being subjected to loud or harsh sounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zaratarekiko esposizioaren kontrako plan
broader: plan
related: noise control
source: OED

tidal power station
type: Concept
definition: Power station where the generation of power is provided by the ebb and flow of the tides. The principle is that water collected at high tide behind a barrage is released at low tide to turn a turbine that, in turn, drives a generator.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electric power plant
related match: Tidal power
source: BRACK
source: PORT

hydroelectric energy
type: Concept
definition: The free renewable source of energy provided by falling water that drives the turbines. Hydropower is the most important of the regenerable energy sources because of its highest efficiency at the energy conversion. There are two types of hydroelectric power plants: a) run-of-river power plants for the use of affluent water; b) storage power plants (power stations with reservoir) where the influx can be regulated with the help of a reservoir. Mostly greater differences in altitudes are being used, like mountain creeks. Power stations with reservoirs are generally marked by barrages with earth fill dam or concrete dams. Though hydropower generally can be called environmentally acceptable, there exist also some problems: a) change of groundwater level and fill up of the river bed with rubble. b) Risk of dam breaks. c) Great demand for land space for the reservoir. d) Diminution, but partly also increase of value of recreation areas. As the hydropowers of the world are limited, the world energy demand however is rising, finally the share of hydropower will decrease.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: water power
related match: Hydroelectricity
source: PHC
source: PORT
source: PZ

small power station
type: Concept
definition: Power station of small size for the generation of energy at local level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zentral elektriko txiki
alternative label: mala električna centrala @hr
broader: electric power plant
source: RRDA

water mill
type: Concept
definition: A mill whose power is provided by a large wheel which is turned by moving water, especially a river.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vodenica @hr
broader: mill
related match: Watermill
source: CAMB

ecological carrying capacity
type: Concept
definition: 1) The maximum number of species an area can support during the harshest part of the year, or the maximum biomass it can support indefinitely. 2) The maximum number of grazing animals an area can support without deterioration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: karga-ahalmen ekologiko
broader: ecological parameter
source: ALL

carry-over effect
type: Concept
definition: Effect caused by the successive passages of polluting substances through the different organisms of a food chain.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pollution effect
related: pollutant pathway
source: RRDA

power station derating
type: Concept
definition: The process by which a power plant is finally taken out of operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: installation restoration
broader: impact reversal
source: ECHO1

adsorption
type: Concept
definition: The physical or chemical bonding of molecules of gas, liquid or a dissolved substance to the external surface of a solid or the internal surface, if the material is porous, in a very thin layer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sorption
source: ALL

cartography
type: Concept
definition: The making of maps and charts for the purpose of visualizing spatial distributions over various areas of the earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geography
source: MGH

radioelement
type: Concept
definition: An element that is naturally radioactive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ραδιοστοιχείο @el
broader: radioactive substance
narrower: radionuclide
related: radon
related: actinide
related: uranium
related: tritium
related match: Radioactive decay
source: CED

fast reactor
type: Concept
definition: Nuclear reactor which produces more fissile material than it consumes, using fast-moving neutrons and making plutonium-239 from uranium-238, thereby increasing the reactor's efficiency.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nuclear reactor
related match: Fast-neutron reactor
source: PHC

contaminated area
type: Concept
definition: Any site or region that is damaged, harmed or made unfit for use by the introduction of unwanted substances, particularly microorganisms, chemicals, toxic and radioactive materials and wastes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eskualde kutsatu
broader: hazard area
source: HMD
source: TOE

atmospheric aerosol
type: Concept
definition: Particulate matter suspended in the air. The particulate matter may be in the form of dusts, fumes, or mist. Aerosols in the atmosphere are the form in which pollutants such as smoke are dispersed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: atmosferako aerosol
alternative label: aerosol u atmosferi @hr
broader: air pollutant
related: atmospheric component
source: LANDY
source: PHC

car tyre
type: Concept
definition: A rubber ring placed over the rim of a wheel of a road vehicle to provide traction and reduce road shocks, especially a hollow inflated ring consisting of a reinforced outer casing enclosing an inner tube.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tyre
related match: Tire
source: CED

biofuel
type: Concept
definition: A gaseous, liquid, or solid fuel that contains an energy content derived from a biological source. The organic matter that makes up living organisms provides a potential source of trapped energy that is beginning to be exploited to supply the ever-increasing energy demand around the world. An example of a biofuel is rapeseed oil, which can be used in place of diesel fuel in modified engines. The methyl ester of this oil, rapeseed methyl ester (RME), can be used in unmodified diesel engines and is sometimes known as biodiesel. Other biofuels include biogas and gasohol.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
hidden label: biofuels @en
broader: motor fuel
narrower: biogas
source: DICCHE

forest deterioration
type: Concept
definition: Reduction of tree population in forests caused by acidic precipitation, forest fires, air pollution, deforestation, pests and diseases of trees, wildlife, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihanen narriadura
broader: degradation of the environment
related: forest damage
source: WPR

ethanol
type: Concept
definition: A colorless liquid, miscible with water, used as a reagent and solvent. Also known as alcohol; ethyl alcohol; grain alcohol.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: alcohol
source: MGH

motor vehicle pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution caused by gases vented to the atmosphere by internal-combustion-engine driven vehicles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: motor-ibilgailuen kutsadura
broader: pollution type
related: motor vehicle emission
related: traffic emission
related match: Motor vehicle emissions

atmospheric fallout
type: Concept
definition: The sedimentation of dust or fine particles from the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jalkin atmosferiko
broader: fallout
source: LEE

clean air car
type: Concept
definition: Vehicles that function without emitting pollutants in the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ibilgailu garbi
alternative label: bil i miljöklass 1 @sv
broader: car
related: clean technology
source: RRDA

cash crop
type: Concept
definition: Crops that are grown for sale in the town markets or for export. They include coffee, cocoa, sugar, vegetables, peanuts and non-foods, like tobacco and cotton. Huge areas of countries in the developing world have been turned over to cash crops. Those countries with no mineral or oil resources depend on cash crops for foreign money, so that they can import materials do develop roads, for construction, or to buy Western consumer goods and, indeed, food. However, critics argue that cash crops are planted on land that would otherwise be used to grow food for the local community and say this is a cause of world famine. Cash crops, such as peanuts, can ruin the land if it is not left fallow after six years of harvests. Moreover, if the best agricultural land is used for cash crops, local farmers are forced to use marginal land to grow food for local consumption, and this has a further dramatic effect on the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εμπορεύσιμη συγκομιδή @el
alternative label: saltzeko labore
broader: agricultural production
source: WRIGHT

palaeoclimatology
type: Concept
definition: The study of paleoclimates throughout geologic time, and of the causes of their variations, on either a local or a worldwide basis. It involves the interpretation of glacial deposits, fossils and sedimentologic and other types of data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climatology
related match: Paleoclimatology
source: BJGEO

continental climate
type: Concept
definition: A climate characterized by hot summers, cold winters, and little rainfall, typical of the interior of a continent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climate type
narrower: mountain climate
source: CED

desert climate
type: Concept
definition: A climate type which is characterized by insufficient moisture to support appreciable plant life; that is, a climate of extreme aridity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klima basamortutar
broader: climate type
source: MGH

equatorial climate
type: Concept
definition: Climate characterized by constant temperatures, abundant rainfall and a very short dry season.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climate type
related match: Tropical climate
source: RAMADE

Mediterranean climate
type: Concept
definition: A type of climate characterized by hot, dry, sunny summers and a winter rainy season; basically, this is the opposite of a monsoon climate. Also known as etesian climate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sredozemna klima @hr
broader: temperate climate
source: MGH

mountain climate
type: Concept
definition: Very generally, the climate of relatively high elevations; mountain climates are distinguished by the departure of their characteristics from those of surrounding lowlands, and the one common basis for this distinction is that of atmospheric rarefaction; aside from this, great variety is introduced by differences in latitude, elevation, and exposure to the sun; thus, there exists no single, clearly defined, mountain climate. Also known as highland climate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: continental climate
related match: Alpine climate
source: MGH

oceanic climate
type: Concept
definition: A regional climate which is under the predominant influence of the sea, that is, a climate characterized by oceanity; the antithesis of a continental climate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climate type
source: MGH

temperate climate
type: Concept
definition: The climate of the middle latitudes; the climate between the extremes of tropical climate and polar climate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klima umjerenog pojasa @hr
broader: climate type
narrower: Mediterranean climate
related match: Temperateness
source: MGH

tropical climate
type: Concept
definition: A climate which is typical of equatorial and tropical regions, that is, one with continually high temperatures and with considerable precipitation, at least during part of the year.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climate type
source: MGH

atmospheric inversion
type: Concept
definition: A temperature inversion in the atmosphere in which the temperature, instead of falling, increases with height above the ground. With the colder and heavier air below, there is no tendency to form upward currents and turbulence is suppressed. Inversions are often formed in the late afternoon when the radiation emitted from the ground exceeds that received from the sinking sun. Inversions are also caused by katabatic winds, that is cold winds flowing down the hillside into a valley, and by anticyclones. In inversion layers, both vertical and horizontal diffusion is inhibited and pollutants become trapped, sometimes for long periods. Low-level discharges of pollutants are more readily trapped by inversions than high level dischargers, hence the case for high stacks. Furthermore, high level discharges into an inversion tend to remain at a high level because of the absence of vertical mixing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: temperaturni obrat @hr
broader: meteorological phenomenon
related match: Inversion (meteorology)
source: GILP96

thunderstorm
type: Concept
definition: A storm caused by strong rising air currents and characterized by thunder and lightning and usually heavy rain or hail.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: grmljavinska oluja @hr
broader: storm
source: CED

catalysis
type: Concept
definition: A phenomenon in which a relatively small amount of substance augments the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical reaction
related: catalyst
source: MGH

glaze
type: Concept
definition: A coating of ice, generally clear and smooth but usually containing some air pockets, formed on exposed objects by the freezing of a film of supercooled water deposited by rain, drizzle, or fog, or possibly condensed from supercooled water vapour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαφανές χρώμα @el
alternative label: εφυάλωση @el
alternative label: στιλπνότητα @el
alternative label: horma
alternative label: lei
alternative label: kiilto @fi
alternative label: lasittaa @fi
alternative label: glätta @sv
alternative label: glans @sv
alternative label: lasera @sv
alternative label: lasyr @sv
alternative label: glasera @sv
alternative label: polera @sv
broader: meteorological phenomenon
source: MGH

exploitation of underground water
type: Concept
definition: The process of extracting underground water from a source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: resource exploitation
source: BJGEO

water infiltration into the ground
type: Concept
definition: The movement of surface water into soil or rock through cracks and pores.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ura lurrean sartze
broader: infiltration
source: DUNSTE

adult
type: Concept
definition: A person who is fully grown, developed or of a specified age.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nagusi
broader: population structure
source: RHW

catalyst
type: Concept
definition: A substance whose presence alters the rate at which a chemical reaction proceeds, but whose own composition remains unchanged by the reaction. Catalysts are usually employed to accelerate reactions(positive catalyst), but retarding (negative) catalysts are also used.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: katalysaattori @fi
broader: pollution abatement equipment
narrower: catalytic converter
related: catalysis
related match: Catalysis
source: ALL

water table
type: Concept
definition: Water that occupies pores, cavities, cracks and other spaces in the crustal rocks. It includes water precipitated from the atmosphere which has percolated through the soil, water that has risen from deep magmatic sources liberated during igneous activity and fossil water retained in sedimentary rocks since their formation. The presence of groundwater is necessary for virtually all weathering processes to operate. Phreatic water is synonymous with groundwater and is the most important source of any water supply.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nivo podzemne vode @hr
broader: freshwater
source: WHIT

water catchment protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, procedures or installations undertaken to prevent or reduce harm to the environmental integrity of drainage areas used to catch water, such as reservoirs or basins.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vattenskyddsområde @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9206
narrower: water table protection
source: RHW

water table protection
type: Concept
definition: Water table is inherently susceptible to contamination from landuse activities. Remediation is very expensive and often impractical. Prevention of contamination is therefore critical in effective groundwater management.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: water catchment protection
source: TECHBA

catalytic converter
type: Concept
definition: Catalytic converters are designed to clean up the exhaust fumes from petrol-driven vehicles, which are otherwise the major threat to air quality standards in congested urban streets and on motorways. Converters remove carbon monoxide, the unburned hydrocarbons and the oxides of nitrogen. These compounds are damaging to human health and the environment in a variety of ways. The converter is attached to the vehicle' s exhaust near the engine. Exhaust gases pass through the cellular ceramic substrate, a honeycomb-like filter. While compact, the intricate honeycomb structure provides a surface area of 23.000 square metres. This is coated with a thin layer of platinum, palladium and rhodium metals, which act as catalysts that simulate a reaction to changes in the chemical composition of the gases. Platinum and palladium convert hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water vapour. Rhodium changes nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons into nitrogen and water, which are harmless.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: katalizatorski pretvarač @hr
alternative label: katalizatorski konverter @hr
alternative label: katalysator @sv
broader: catalyst
related: motor vehicle
related: exhaust gas
source: WRIGHT

flood runoff
type: Concept
definition: The total quantity of water flowing from the catchment during the period of the flood.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: flood
source: ECHO2

silting up
type: Concept
definition: The filling or partial filling with silt of a reservoir that receives fine-grained sediment brought in by streams and surface runoff.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lohiz betetze
broader: industrial process
source: BJGEO

hydrometry
type: Concept
definition: The science and technology of measuring specific gravities, particularly of liquids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9231
source: MGH

catastrophe
type: Concept
definition: A sudden, widespread disaster or calamity that greatly exceeds the resources of an area or region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondamendi
broader: disaster
narrower: ecocatastrophe
related: major accident
source: HMD

flood forecast
type: Concept
definition: The hydrological processes generating river floods have been studied extensively and several modelling concepts have been proposed. The standard procedure for flood forecasting consists of calibrating the parameters of the model of a particular river basin on a representative set of historical hydrometric data and subsequently applying this calibrated model in a real-time environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prognoziranje poplava @hr
broader: forecast
source: YOUNG

hydrographic network
type: Concept
definition: The configuration or arrangement in plan view of the natural stream courses in an area. It is related to local geologic and geomorphologic features and history. Synonym: drainage pattern.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrologic cycle
source: BJGEO

sedimentology
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study of sedimentary rocks and of the processes by which they were formed; the description, classification, origin, and interpretation of sediments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: earth science
source: BJGEO

hydrographic basin
type: Concept
definition: 1) The drainage basin of a stream. 2) An area occupied by a lake and its drainage basin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poriječje @hr
alternative label: sliv @hr
broader: terrestrial area
narrower: international river basin
narrower: catchment area
narrower: river basin development
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9161
source: BJGEO

catchment area
type: Concept
definition: 1) An area from which surface runoff is carried away by a single drainage system. 2) The area of land bounded by watersheds draining into a river, basin or reservoir.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υδρολογική λεκάνη @el
broader: hydrographic basin
source: CED
source: LANDY

bathing freshwater
type: Concept
definition: Freshwater in which bathing is explicitly authorised or in which bathing is not prohibited and is traditionally practised by a large number of bathers. Water in such areas must meet specified quality standards relating to chemical, microbiological and physical parameters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: bathing water
source: GILP96

demesnial water
type: Concept
definition: A body of water that is owned and maintained by a national governmental body or agency.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jabari publikoko ur
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/963
source: OED

non-demesnial water
type: Concept
definition: A body of water that is owned and maintained by an individual or entity other than the national government.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/963
source: OED

bog
type: Concept
definition: A commonly used term in Scotland and Ireland for a stretch waterlogged, spongy ground, chiefly composed of decaying vegetable matter, especially of rushes, cotton grass, and sphagnum moss.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έλος @el
alternative label: istinga
alternative label: rahkasuo @fi
alternative label: tresetište @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
source: WHIT

water desalination
type: Concept
definition: Any mechanical procedure or process where some or all of the salt is removed from water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uraren gezatze
broader: desalination
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9246
narrower: sea water desalination
related: desalination plant
related match: Desalination
source: LEE

bathing seawater
type: Concept
definition: Sea waters in which bathing is explicitly authorised or in which bathing is not prohibited and is traditionally practised by a large number of bathers. Water in such areas must meet specified quality standards relating to chemical, microbiological and physical parameters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: bathing water
source: GILP96

ocean outfall
type: Concept
definition: The mouth or outlet of a river, drain, sewer or any other place at which drainage or wastewater is discharged into a body of oceanic water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: underwater outlet
related match: Marine outfall
source: OED

ocean exploitation
type: Concept
definition: The utilization of the ocean for its food resources, mineral resources, and energy and water sources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: resource exploitation
narrower: sea bed exploitation
source: PARCOR

swell
type: Concept
definition: A regular movement of marine waves created by wind stress in the open ocean which travels considerable distances away from the generating field and into another wind field. The waves are characterized by relatively smooth, generally unbroken, crests and a fairly regular wavelength, but swell increases in wavelength and decreases in wave height as it moves away from the generating area. Local wind waves may be superimposed upon swell waves as they approach a coastline, thereby creating sharper crests and a choppy sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ύψωμα @el
alternative label: κυματισμός @el
alternative label: φουσκοθαλασσιά @el
alternative label: γήλοφος @el
alternative label: hondoko itsaso
alternative label: kohouma @fi
alternative label: aallokko @fi
broader: sea circulation
source: WHIT

estuary pollution
type: Concept
definition: Contamination of the generally broad portion of a stream near its outlet which is influenced by the tide of the water body into which it flows. Many estuaries have become badly contaminated by wastes that have been generated from heavily populated areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: estuario-poluzio
alternative label: znečistenie v ústiach riek @sk
broader: coastal pollution

river management
type: Concept
definition: The administration or handling of a waterway or a stream of flowing water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: surface water management
related match: River engineering
source: RHW

flushing
type: Concept
definition: Removing lodged deposits of rock fragments and other debris by water flow at high velocity; used to clean water conduits and drilled boreholes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: spolning @sv
broader: industrial process
source: MGH

canal lock
type: Concept
definition: A chamber with gates on both ends connecting two sections of a canal or other waterway, to raise or lower the water level in each section.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9254
related match: Lock (water transport)
source: MGH

adult education
type: Concept
definition: Any instruction or training, informal or formal, which is geared to persons of mature age, regardless of previous education, and typically offered by university extension programs, employers, correspondence courses or community groups.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izobrazba odraslih @hr
broader: level of education
source: RHW

catch yield
type: Concept
definition: The yield obtained from a given fishery; fishery catches should be strictly controlled so that the fish population can have a sufficient breeding mass and thus give a sustained yield for future generations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrantzu
alternative label: ulov ribe @hr
broader: fishery
source: PORT

water weed cutting
type: Concept
definition: Cutting down by scythe or machine at intervals the vegetation growth and grasses on banks and berms of irrigation and drainage channels or cropped areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uretako belar txarrak mozte
broader: services
source: ECHO1

bank protection
type: Concept
definition: Engineering work which aims at the protection of banks of a river, or slopes of embankments along it, from erosion by the current of flow, from floods, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erriberen babes
alternative label: urertzen babes
alternative label: batteriskydd @sv
broader: coast protection
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9236
source: ECHO1

category of endangered species
type: Concept
definition: Those of the planet's flora and fauna which are threatened with extinction. Hunting and poaching to fuel the trade in ivory, horn, skins, fur and feathers have long been a threat to already endangered species. Pollution, agricultural expansion, loss of wetlands, deforestation and other erosion of habitats have been added to the hazards. Human activity was responsible for most of the animals and plants known to have been lost in the past two centuries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental protection
narrower: extinct species (IUCN)
narrower: vulnerable species (IUCN)
narrower: rare species
narrower: endangered species (IUCN)
narrower: protected species
narrower: lower risk species (IUCN)
narrower: vanished species
related: species
source: WRIGHT

retaining reservoir
type: Concept
definition: Basin used to hold water in storage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: akumulacija @hr
broader: reservoir
source: MGH

dam draining
type: Concept
definition: The drawing of water from a reservoir by means of draining pipes located at the bottom of the basin and controlled by a system of sluices which ensure, if necessary, the emptying of the basin in a given period of time in respect of downstream conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: padon kuivatus @fi
alternative label: dammtömning @sv
broader: intervention on land
source: MANCOS

water corrosivity
type: Concept
definition: Complex series of reactions between the water and metal surfaces and materials in which the water is stored or transported. The corrosion process is an oxidation/reduction reaction that returns refined or processed metal to their more stable ore state. With respect to the corrosion potential of drinking water, the primary concerns include the potential presence of toxic metals , such as lead and copper.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
related: corrosion
source: WILKES

water quality improvement
type: Concept
definition: Progress in, or betterment of, the environmental condition and integrity of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9216
source: RHW
source: TOE

water taste
type: Concept
definition: Taste in water can be caused by foreign matter, such as organic compounds, inorganic salts or dissolved gases. These materials may come from domestic, agricultural or natural sources. Some substances found naturally in groundwater, while not necessarily harmful, may impart a disagreeable taste or undesirable property to the water. Magnesium sulphate, sodium sulphate, and sodium chloride are but a few of these. Acceptable waters should be free from any objectionable taste at point of use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vattnets smak @sv
broader: organoleptic property
source: CORBIT

green tide
type: Concept
definition: A proliferation of a marine green plankton toxic and often fatal to fish, perhaps stimulated by the addition of nutrients.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: algal bloom
source: RRDA

suspended matter
type: Concept
definition: Matter suspended in a fluid by the upward components of turbulent currents or by colloidal suspension.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: 混悬物质 @zh-cn
alternative label: 悬浮质 @zh-cn
broader: sediment
source: DUNSTE

water salinity
type: Concept
definition: The degree of dissolved salts in water measured by weight in parts per thousand.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: salt content
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9214
related match: Salinity
source: KOREN

catchment
type: Concept
definition: A structure in which water is collected.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συλλογή ύδατος @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9165
related: hydraulic engineering
related match: Catchment area
source: CED

cation
type: Concept
definition: A positively charged atom or group of atoms, or a radical which moves to the negative pole (cathode) during electrolysis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ion
related match: Ion
source: MGH

fountain
type: Concept
definition: A stream of water that is forced up into the air through a small hole, especially for decorative effect or the structure in a lake or pool from which this flows.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κρήνη @el
alternative label: πηγή @el
alternative label: κιβώτιο μελάνης @el
alternative label: ψύκτης @el
alternative label: fontana @hr
alternative label: reservoar @sv
alternative label: källa @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9165
related: water reservoir
source: CAMB

water reservoir
type: Concept
definition: Artificial or natural area of water, used for storing water for domestic or industrial use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: akumulacija @hr
broader: hydrosphere
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9232
related: lake basin
related: reservoir
related: fountain
related match: Reservoir
source: PHC

cattle
type: Concept
definition: Domesticated bovine animals, including cows, steers and bulls, raised and bred on a ranch or farm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεγάλα ζώα @el
broader: livestock
narrower: beef cattle
related: bovine
source: MGH

water demineralisation
type: Concept
definition: The removal of minerals from water by chemical, ion-exchange, or distillation procedures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9246
source: MGH

on-site wastewater treatment
type: Concept
definition: A process in which used or spent water is treated at the point of origin or where it was produced, by using a septic tank or some other system to remove or reduce the impact of constituent wastes on human health and the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ur zikinen tokiko arazketa
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: WQL
source: WWC

collective wastewater treatment
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin-uren baterako tratamendu
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143

storm water basin
type: Concept
definition: Basin used to hold water which falls as rain during a storm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: akumulacija oborinske vode @hr
alternative label: retencijski bazen @hr
broader: industrial plant (building)
related: flood protection
source: RRDA

rain water sewer system
type: Concept
definition: Channels for clearing away rain water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sewerage system
source: PHC

separate sewer system
type: Concept
definition: Sewer system having distinct pipes for collecting superficial water and sewage water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sewerage system
source: FLGISA

combined sewer system
type: Concept
definition: A sewer intended to serve as a sanitary sewer and a storm sewer, or as an industrial sewer and a storm sewer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sewerage system
source: JJK

water aeration
type: Concept
definition: Addition of air to sewage or water so as to raise its dissolved oxygen level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: syrsättning av vatten @sv
broader: aeration
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9246
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: RRDA

individual wastewater treatment
type: Concept
definition: The process of using a natural system or mechanical device to collect, treat and discharge or reclaim wastewater from an individual dwelling without the use of community-wide sewers or a centralised treatment facility.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ur zikinen banakako tratamendu
alternative label: pročišćavanja i ponovne upotrebe otpadne vode @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: DWT

sedimentation basin
type: Concept
definition: A basin in which suspended matter is removed either by quiescent settlement or by continuous flow at high velocity and extended retention time to allow deposition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jalkitze-urmael
alternative label: bazen za sedimentaciju @hr
broader: industrial plant (building)
source: MGH

trickling filter
type: Concept
definition: A system of secondary sewage treatment which is similar to self-purification action of streams; it is more accurately a biological oxidizing bed; the effluent is placed on the stones in the bed and microorganisms present consume the solids as a food supply.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bioiragazki
alternative label: bakterio-ohantze
broader: filter
source: KOREN

used water
type: Concept
definition: Wastewater or utilized water from a home, community, farm or industry, which is often discharged after utilization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ur zikinak
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
source: WRT
source: TOE

urban wastewater
type: Concept
definition: The liquid wastes deriving from domestic, commercial and industrial activities of an urban settlement.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
hidden label: urban waste water @en
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
source: RRDA

waste treatment effluent
type: Concept
definition: Partially or completely treated water or waste water flowing out of a waste treatment plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: utsläpp @sv
alternative label: avloppsvatten @sv
alternative label: jäsningsrest @sv
broader: effluent
source: DEE

biological wastewater treatment
type: Concept
definition: Types of wastewater treatment in which biochemical or bacterial action is intensified to oxidize and stabilize the unstable organic matter present. Examples of this type of treatment use intermittent sand filters, trickling filters, and activated sludge processes and sludge digestion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: WWC

lagooning
type: Concept
definition: The process in which sunlight, bacterial action and oxygen cause self-purification in waste water, Usually taking place in a shallow pond, or system of such ponds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δεξαμενισμός (υγρών αποβλήτων) @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
source: TOE

cause for concern principle
type: Concept
definition: Principle connected with the precautionary principle: it means that, if there are strong reasons for expecting serious or irreversible damage to the environment following a given project, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. Critics of this approach are concerned about large commitments of resources to deal with vaguely defined problems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ...προκαλεί (γεννά) ανησυχία @el
alternative label: kezka-printzipiorako arrazoi
broader: precautionary principle
source: GILP96

water regeneration
type: Concept
definition: A process in which naturally occurring microorganisms, plants, trees or geophysical processes break down, degrade or filter out hazardous substances or pollutants from a body of water, cleansing and treating contaminated water without human intervention.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uraren birsortze
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9246
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: OSW

water resources management
type: Concept
definition: Measures and activities concerning the supply of water, the improvement of efficiency in its use, the reduction of losses and waste, water-saving practices to reduce costs and to slow the depletion of the water supply to ensure future water availability.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: resources management
related match: Water resources
source: EARTH1

cave
type: Concept
definition: 1) An underground hollow with access from the ground surface or from the sea, often found in limestone areas and on rocky coastlines. 2) A natural cavity, chamber or recess which leads beneath the surface of the earth, generally in a horizontal or obliquely inclined direction. It may be in the form of a passage or a gallery, its shape depending in part on the joint pattern or structure of the rock and partly on the type of process involved in its excavation. Thus, caves worn by subterranean rivers may be different in character from, and of considerably greater extent than, a sea-cave eroded by marine waves. 3) A natural underground open space, generally with a connection to the surface and large enough for a person to enter. The most common type of cave is formed in a limestone by dissolution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: harpe
alternative label: kobazulo
alternative label: koba
alternative label: spilja @hr
broader: landform
source: BJGEO
source: CED
source: WHIT

waste sorting unit
type: Concept
definition: Centralized recycling centres to which waste materials are brought and where they are separated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9116
source: CORBIT

scrap dump
type: Concept
definition: Area where waste material, especially metal, is dumped.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: landfill
source: CED

reclamation industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the transformation of solid waste into useful products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
source: GRN

use of waste as energy source
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakinen energiaren berreskuratze
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9125

use of waste as material
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakinetako gaien balorizazio
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9125

beach cleansing
type: Concept
definition: The process of removing dirt, litter or other unsightly materials from shore line property or surrounding areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cleansing
source: ISEP

bulky waste
type: Concept
definition: Large items of waste material, such as appliances, furniture, large auto parts, trees, branches, stumps, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tamaina hand
alternative label: hondakin handi
alternative label: tamaina handiko hondakin
broader: type of waste
source: LANDY

alkaline battery
type: Concept
definition: A primary cell that uses an alkaline electrolyte, usually potassium hydroxide, and delivers about 1.5 volts at much higher current rates than the common carbon-zinc cell. Also known as alkaline-manganese cell.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλκαλικός συσσωρευτής @el
broader: battery
source: MGH

electric battery
type: Concept
definition: A direct-current voltage source made up of one or more units that convert chemical, thermal, nuclear, or solar energy into electrical energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pila elektriko
broader: battery
related match: Battery (electricity)
source: MGH

pollution abatement waste
type: Concept
definition: Wastes resulting from the operations of pollutant removal from industries, cleaning processes, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: deskontaminazio-tratamenduaren hondakin
broader: type of waste
narrower: domestic waste
source: RRDA

health-care activities waste
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
narrower: pharmaceutical waste
narrower: hospital waste

special industrial waste
type: Concept
definition: Discarded material produced in any industrial process for which there is no specified mode of disposal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-hondakin arriskutsu
broader: industrial waste
source: INW

metal waste
type: Concept
definition: Metal material discarded during manufacturing or processing operations which cannot be directly fed back into the operation; Worn or discarded metal materials removed from service at the end of its useful life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metal-hondakin
broader: type of waste
related: scrap metal
source: GMR

mineral waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste material resulting from ore extraction that is usually left on the soil surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
source: GREMES

cell (biology)
type: Concept
definition: The microscopic functional and structural unit of all living organisms, consisting of a nucleus, cytoplasm, and a limiting membrane.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: anatomy
source: MGH

wreck
type: Concept
definition: The hulk of a wrecked or stranded ship; a ship dashed against rocks or land and broken or otherwise rendered useless.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ερείπιο @el
alternative label: itsasontzi hondoratuen hondakin
alternative label: laivanhylky @fi
broader: type of waste
source: ISEP

mineral oil
type: Concept
definition: Oil which derives from petroleum and is made up of hydrocarbons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: olio mineral
broader: lubricant
related: petroleum
source: PHC

whey
type: Concept
definition: The watery liquid that separates from the curd when the milk is clotted, as in making cheese.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τυρόγαλα @el
broader: liquid waste
source: CED

sinking of waste
type: Concept
definition: A manner of waste disposal in which refuse or unwanted material is dumped or submerged beneath the surface of a body of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dumping
narrower: deep-sea disposal
narrower: ocean dumping
source: RHW

cell (energy)
type: Concept
definition: The basic building block of a battery. It is an electrochemical device consisting of an anode and a cathode in a common electrolyte kept apart with a separator. This assembly may be used in its own container as a single cell battery or be combined and interconnected with other cells in a container to form a multicelled battery.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στοιχείο (ενέργεια) @el
alternative label: δεξαμενή @el
alternative label: κυψέλη @el
alternative label: pila elektrokimiko
alternative label: elementti @fi
alternative label: komero @fi
broader: battery
source: LEE

residue of grinding
type: Concept
definition: Dust or other residue left after reducing a material to very small particles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: txartaketa-hondakin
broader: residual waste
source: MHD

treatment residue
type: Concept
definition: Material left over from the treatment of any type of waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: residual waste
source: DEE

incineration residue
type: Concept
definition: Any material, solid or semisolid, left after processing in a device designed to reduce waste volume by combustion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: combustion residue
related: ash
source: DEE
source: HMD

clearing sludge
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sewage sludge

dehydrated sludge
type: Concept
definition: Sludge whose water content has been reduced by physical means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sewage sludge
source: LEE

cellulose
type: Concept
definition: The main polysaccharide in living plants, forming the skeletal structure of the plant cell wall; a polymer of beta-D-glucose linked together with the elimination of water to form chains of 2000-4000 units.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9358
related: carbohydrate
source: MGH

residual waste sludge
type: Concept
definition: The excess, unusable semi-solids or sediment resulting from a wastewater treatment or industrial process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sewage sludge
source: RHW
source: TOE

thickening
type: Concept
definition: Any process beyond gravity sedimentation that increases the concentration of solids in sludge with or without the use of chemical flocculants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πάχυνση @el
alternative label: koncentrering @sv
broader: sludge treatment
related: drying
source: WWC

sludge stabilisation
type: Concept
definition: Usually anaerobic sludge digestion, a treatment that stabilizes raw sludge. Fully digested sludge has little readily biodegradable organic matter. It is not smelly and about 50% of the solids are inorganic. Sludge can also be digested aerobically.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sludge treatment

cellulose industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: celulozna industrija @hr
broader: timber industry

industrial activity
type: Concept
definition: Operations, functions and processes involved in industrial production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-jarduera
broader: industrial environment (in general)
source: RRDA

industrial wasteland
type: Concept
definition: Area of land which is no longer usable for cultivation or for any other purpose after having been the site of an industrial plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lur industrial etze
broader: industrial area
related: abandoned industrial site
related match: Brownfield land
source: PHC

classified facility
type: Concept
definition: Facility that is forbidden to be disclosed outside a specified ring of secrecy for reasons of national security.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: planning measure
source: WEBSTE

cement
type: Concept
definition: A dry powder made from silica, alumina, lime, iron oxide, and magnesia which hardens when mixed with water; used as an ingredient in concrete.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στόκος @el
alternative label: (οδοντο)κονία @el
alternative label: θηραϊκή γη @el
broader: building material
narrower: concrete
source: MGH

quartering
type: Concept
definition: The act of dismembering the carcass of an animal with the production of organic waste which if improperly disposed cause problems of pollution and fawl smells.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χωρισμός (διαίρεση) σε τεταρτημόρια @el
alternative label: zatikatu
alternative label: laurdendu
alternative label: näytteen otto neljänneksittäin @fi
alternative label: kvarttaus @fi
alternative label: inkvartering @sv
broader: industrial process
source: CED

piggery
type: Concept
definition: A place where pigs are kept and reared.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urdandegi
broader: stable
related: livestock farming
related match: Intensive pig farming
source: CED

cement industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the production of cement. The emissions of most relevance from this sector are atmospheric: dust, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the most important. Cement is essential for the construction sector, either directly or mixed with sand or gravel to form concrete.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος τσιμέντου @el
alternative label: cementna industrija @hr
broader: building materials industry
narrower: cement manufacture
source: DOBRIS

oil production (chain)
type: Concept
definition: The petroleum industry is a complex industry utilizing complex combination of interdependent operations engaged in the storage and transportation, separation of crude molecular constituents, molecular cracking, molecular rebuilding and solvent finishing to produce petrochemical products. Treatment may involve oil separation, precipitation, adsorption, and biological treatment. The refining operations can be divided into four major steps: separation, conversion, treating, and blending. The crude oil is first separated into selected fractions (gasoline, kerosine, fuel oil, etc.). Some of the less valuable products such as heavy naphtha, are converted to products with a greater sale value such as gasoline. The final step is the blending of the refined base stocks with each other and various additive to meet final product specifications. The major pollutants emitted are sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and malodorous materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: petrolio-ekoizpen (katea)
broader: industrial process
related: petroleum industry
related: petroleum
related match: Extraction of petroleum
source: PZ

hydrocarbon storage tank
type: Concept
definition: A container or a reservoir for the storage of hydrocarbons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fuel tank installation
source: MGH

drilling for oil
type: Concept
definition: Boring a hole for extracting oil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: petrolioa ateratzeko zulaketa
broader: drilling
narrower: offshore oil drilling
related: oil extraction
source: PHC

cement manufacture
type: Concept
definition: Cement is produced by heating a mixture of clay or shale plus chalk or lime in a rotary kiln up to 250 m long per 8 m diameter rotating at 1 rpm. The process can be wet, semi-dry or dry and the fuel can be pulverized coal, oil or gas. As the coal ash is similar in composition to the clay or shale, it can stay in the cement clinker. As one of the kiln operator's major costs is fuel and even a modest sized kiln can consume 8-10 tons of coal per hour, the cement kiln could, therefore, solve a disposal problem and also benefit the cement manufacturer by reducing fuel costs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zementugintza
alternative label: zementuaren ekoizpen
broader: cement industry
source: PORT

aggregate extraction
type: Concept
definition: Extraction of crushed rock or gravel screened to sizes for use in road surfaces, concretes, or bituminous mixes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ballastutvinning @sv
broader: extraction
source: KOREN

mechanical industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of enterprises is engaged in the design, manufacture and marketing of mechanical apparatuses for commercial or industrial usage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: machine manufacture
source: SIC

timber producing chain
type: Concept
definition: All interrelated steps of the lumber manufacturing process including tree felling, the removal of tops, branches and bark, the piling and sawing of logs, and the transportation and loading of finished boards or other products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egurra ekoizteko kate
broader: industrial process
related: forest industry
source: TIM

packing industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
related match: Meat packing industry

Central Africa
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of the African continent close to the equator that includes Cameroon, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Središnja Afrika @hr
broader: Africa
source: CIA
source: OMD

Central America
type: Concept
definition: A narrow continental region of the Western hemisphere, existing as a bridge between North and South America, often considered to be the southern portion of North America, and including countries such as Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Americas
source: RHW

Central Asia
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of the Asian continent between the Caspian Sea on the west and China on the east, extending northward into the central region of Russia and southward to the northern borders of Iran and Afghanistan, and comprised of independent former republics of the Soviet Union, including Kazakstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Središnja Azija @hr
broader: Asia
source: CIA
source: INP

biofiltration
type: Concept
definition: The distribution of settled sewage on a bed of inert granular material through which it is allowed to percolate. In doing so, the effluent is aerated thus allowing aerobic bacteria and fungi to reduce its biochemical oxygen demand.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological treatment
related: filtration
related: biological waste gas purification
related match: Biofilter
source: PORT

dechlorination
type: Concept
definition: Removal of chlorine from a substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical treatment
related match: Reductive dechlorination
source: MGH

engineering
type: Concept
definition: The science by which the properties of matter and the sources of power in nature are made useful to humans in structures, machines, and products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μηχανολογία @el
alternative label: σχεδιασμός @el
alternative label: rakentaminen @fi
alternative label: koneoppi @fi
alternative label: teknik @sv
broader: materials science
broader: applied science
narrower: marine engineering
narrower: traffic engineering
narrower: mining engineering
narrower: mechanical engineering
narrower: civil engineering
narrower: precision engineering
narrower: electrical engineering
narrower: chemical engineering
narrower: hydraulic engineering
narrower: agricultural engineering
narrower: environmental engineering
narrower: municipal engineering
narrower: seismic engineering
source: MGH

methanisation
type: Concept
definition: The process of deriving methane from any source, including livestock manure, landfills, coal mines, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metanaatio @fi
broader: gas supply
source: OED

central government
type: Concept
definition: A system in which a governing or administrative body has a certain degree of power or authority to prevail in the management of local, national and international matters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κρατικός (-ή, -ό) @el
alternative label: δημόσιο @el
alternative label: središnja država @hr
alternative label: centralizirana vlast @hr
broader: form of government
source: BLD
source: WAP

aerobic treatment
type: Concept
definition: The introduction of air into sewage so as to provide aerobic biochemical stabilization during a detention period.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological waste treatment
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: KOREN

advertisement
type: Concept
definition: The action of drawing public attention to goods, services or events, often through paid announcements in newspapers, magazines, television or radio.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (διαφημιστική) καταχώρηση @el
alternative label: oglas @hr
alternative label: reklama @hr
broader: public information
narrower: product advertising
source: C
source: RHW

anaerobic treatment
type: Concept
definition: Breakdown of organic material without the presence of oxygen, a treatment which permanently removes the unpleasant odour of many organic wastes so that they can be used on agricultural land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arazketa anaerobiko
broader: biological waste treatment
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: PHC

biological treatment
type: Concept
definition: Process that uses microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, or into simpler organic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of a biological treatment system is to control the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and provide a means for maintaining high concentration of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tratamendu biologiko
broader: industrial process
narrower: biofiltration
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: PARCOR

physicochemical treatment
type: Concept
definition: Any processing of wastewater, toxic substances or other materials involving a combination of physical and chemical methods, such as physical processes including air-stripping or filtration and chemical processes including coagulation, chlorination or ozonation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
narrower: de-inking
narrower: pyrolysis
narrower: desalination
narrower: impregnation (materials)
narrower: coal refining
narrower: coal liquefaction
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/934
narrower: fluidisation
narrower: afterburning
narrower: galvanisation
narrower: firing
narrower: oil refining
source: TOE

physical treatment
type: Concept
definition: Processes that separate components of a waste stream or change the physical form of the waste without altering the chemical structure of the constituent materials. Physical treatment techniques are often used to separate the materials within the waste stream so that they can be reused or detoxified by chemical or biological treatment or destroyed by high-temperature incineration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
narrower: treatment of gases
narrower: incineration
narrower: insulation (process)
narrower: thermal treatment
narrower: fumigation
narrower: irradiation
narrower: sedimentation (industrial process)
narrower: flaring
narrower: dust removal
narrower: heating
related: distillation
related match: Manual therapy
source: PARCOR

primary treatment
type: Concept
definition: Removal of floating solids and suspended solids, both fine and coarse, from raw sewage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: processing
source: MGH

secondary treatment
type: Concept
definition: Stage of the process of waste water treatment: following primary treatment by sedimentation, the second step in most wastewater systems in which biological organisms decompose most of the organic matter into a innocuous, stable form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: processing
source: CORBIT
source: WQA

tertiary treatment
type: Concept
definition: The process which remove pollutants not adequately removed by secondary treatment, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus; accomplished by means of sand filters, microstraining, or other methods (referring to wastewater treatment).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: processing
source: WQA

centralisation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συγκεντρωτισμός @el
broader: public function

vitrification
type: Concept
definition: Formation of a glassy or noncrystalline material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: beiraketa
alternative label: lasiintuminen @fi
alternative label: lasitus @fi
alternative label: sintring @sv
alternative label: glasering @sv
broader: industrial process
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
source: MGH

centrifugation
type: Concept
definition: Separation of particles from a suspension in a centrifuge: balanced tubes containing the suspension are attached to the opposite ends of arms rotating rapidly about a central point; the suspended particles are forced outwards, and collect at the bottoms of the tubes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical process
related: separation
source: UVAROV

cephalopod
type: Concept
definition: Exclusively marine animals constituting the most advanced class of the Mollusca, including squid, octopuses, and Nautilus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: huvudfotingar @sv
broader: mollusc
source: MGH

underground quarry
type: Concept
definition: Quarry located below the surface of the earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: quarry
source: CAMB

ceramics
type: Concept
definition: The art and techniques of producing articles of clay, porcelain, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αγγειοπλαστική @el
scope note: objects, products <baf> @en
broader: industrial product
related match: Ceramic
source: CED

geotechnics
type: Concept
definition: The application of scientific methods and engineering principles to civil engineering problems through acquiring, interpreting, and using knowledge of materials of the crust of the earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geology
source: MGH

rock mechanics
type: Concept
definition: The theoretical and applied science of the physical behavior of rocks, representing a "branch of mechanics concerned with the response of rock to the force fields of its physical environment".
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
related: rock
source: BJGEO

ceramics industry
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturing plant producing ceramic items.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
source: LEE

bush clearing
type: Concept
definition: The removal of brush using mechanical means, either by cutting manually or by using machinery for crushing, rolling, flailing, or chipping it, or by chemical means or a combination of these.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sastraka-kentze
broader: services
source: DUNSTE

prevention of forest fires
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, measures or installations implemented to avert the possibility of an unexpected conflagration of any large wooded area having a thick growth of trees and plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-suteen prebentzio
broader: fire precaution
source: ISEP
source: RHW

flood protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary measures, equipment or structures implemented to guard or defend people, property and lands from an unusual accumulation of water above the ground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protective measure
related: storm water basin
related match: Flood
source: ALL
source: WWC

land restoration in mountain areas
type: Concept
definition: Measures adopted to control erosion and degradation phenomena in the mountain regions caused by the loss of forest cover due to acid rain, uncontrolled forest cutting, winter skiing resorts construction, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land restoration
source: DIZAMB

soil stability
type: Concept
definition: Soil stability depends on its shear strength, its compressibility and its tendency to absorb water. Stabilization methods include physical compaction and treatment with cement, lime, and bitumen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil capability
related: soil stabilisation
source: BJGEO

volcanology
type: Concept
definition: The branch of geology that deals with volcanism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geology
source: MGH

antiseismic regulation
type: Concept
definition: Rules for minimizing or containing the risks deriving from earthquakes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: building regulation
source: MANCOS

cetacean
type: Concept
definition: Aquatic mammals, including the whales, dolphins, and porpoises.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: valdjur @sv
broader: mammal
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9302
related match: Cetacea
source: MGH

civil safety
type: Concept
definition: Actions and measures undertaken, often at a local level, to ensure that citizens of a community are secure from harm, injury, danger or risk.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
source: OEC
source: RHW

industrial safety
type: Concept
definition: Measures or techniques implemented to reduce the risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment in any facility or place involving the manufacturing, producing and processing of goods or merchandise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-instalazioen segurtasun
broader: safety measure
related: reactor safety
related: security of installations
related: industrial plant (building)
related match: Workplace safety
source: ODE

risk exposure
type: Concept
definition: The situation or set of circumstances where the probability of harm to an area or its population increases beyond a normal level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
source: HMD
source: ISEP

hazard area
type: Concept
definition: Any site or region in which there is a physical or chemical agent capable of causing harm to property, persons, animals, plants or other natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land
narrower: sensitive area
narrower: contaminated area
narrower: area under stress
narrower: area of potential pollution
related: hazard
related: disaster zone
source: FFD
source: HMD

technological accident
type: Concept
definition: An unexpected incident, failure or loss occurring through the application of practical or mechanical sciences to industry or commerce that poses potential harm to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: accident
broader: human-made disaster
related: technological hazard
related: industry
source: HMD
source: ISEP

Chagas' disease
type: Concept
definition: A form of trypanosomiasis found in South America, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, characterized by fever and often inflammation of the hearth muscle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9426
related match: Chagas disease
source: CED

ecocatastrophe
type: Concept
definition: A sudden, widespread disaster or calamity causing extensive damage to the environment that threatens the quality of life for people living in the affected area or region, potentially leading to many deaths.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: catastrophe
source: ALL

nuclear hazard
type: Concept
definition: Risk or danger to human health or the environment posed by radiation emanating from the atomic nuclei of a given substance, or the possibility of an uncontrolled explosion originating from a fusion or fission reaction of atomic nuclei.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κίνδυνος από τα πυρηνικά @el
broader: hazard
narrower: radiation exposure
related: radioactive contamination
related: nuclear accident
source: MHD
source: TOE

chain management
type: Concept
definition: The administration, organization and planning for the flow of materials or merchandise through various stages of production and distribution, involving a network of vendors, suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers and other trading partners.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: management
related: life-cycle management
source: MSE

major risk installation
type: Concept
definition: Installations whose functioning involves the possibility of major hazards such as chemical plants, nuclear, coal and oil power production plants, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial installation
related: technological hazard
source: WPR

dangerous installation
type: Concept
definition: Installations whose functioning involves the possibility of major hazards such as chemical plants, nuclear, coal and oil power production plants, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial installation
source: WPR

biotechnological hazard
type: Concept
definition: A danger to humans, animals or the environment posed by the application of advanced biological techniques in the manufacture of industrial products, such as the risk or harm that results from exposure to infectious bacteria, viruses or fungi.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technological hazard
related: mutated micro-organisms release
source: APD
source: FFD

nuclear risk
type: Concept
definition: A risk connected to the functioning of nuclear power plants, by the storage or transportation of radioactive materials and involving the release of potentially dangerous levels of radioactive materials into the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk
related: nuclear reactor
related match: Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents
source: FEMA

dangerous materials transport
type: Concept
definition: Type of transport regulated by special safety rules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: freight transport
source: RRDA

disaster zone
type: Concept
definition: Zone that has been stricken by a disaster and where measures must be taken to reduce the severity of the human and material damage caused by it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land
related: disaster
related: hazard area
related: natural disaster
source: GUNN

change in value
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: 价值变化 @zh-cn
broader: group behaviour

danger analysis
type: Concept
definition: The process of evaluating the scale and probability of harm caused by any hazard to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
related: analysis
source: DDP
source: ISEP

preventive information
type: Concept
definition: Data communicated or received concerning the recommended means of averting risk of an accident, disaster or other undesirable and avoidable incident.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: prevention measure
source: RHW

risk exposure plan
type: Concept
definition: A scheme or method of acting that takes effect if the probability of harm to an area or its population increases beyond a normal level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: emergency plan
source: HMD
source: ISEP

channelling
type: Concept
definition: Any system of distribution canals or conduits for water, gas, electricity, or steam.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διοχέτευση @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9236
broader: industrial process
narrower: river channelling
related: river
related match: Channeling
source: MGH

damage insurance
type: Concept
definition: A commercial product which provides a guarantee against damage to property in return for premiums paid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ασφάλεια ζημιών @el
broader: insurance
narrower: compensation for damage
narrower: appraisal
narrower: premium
source: ISEP
source: RHW

pollution insurance
type: Concept
definition: A commercial agreement which provides protection against the risks, or a particular risk, associated with pollution, toxic waste disposal or related concerns.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-aseguru
broader: insurance
source: RHW

water damage
type: Concept
definition: Water damage can be caused by flooding, severe storms, tidal waves, seismic seawaves, storm surges, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental damage
related: flood
related: hydrologic disaster
source: WPR

damage assessment
type: Concept
definition: The evaluation or determination of losses, harm and injuries to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety
related: evaluation
source: TOE

product advertising
type: Concept
definition: The creation and dissemination of paid announcements or public notices to draw attention to goods, services or events offered by some entity, usually for purchase.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: advertisement
source: RHW

charcoal
type: Concept
definition: A porous solid product containing 85-98% carbon and produced by heating carbonaceous materials such as cellulose, wood or peat at 500-600 C° in the absence of air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: coal
source: MGH

appraisal
type: Concept
definition: An expert or official valuation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποτίμηση @el
broader: damage insurance
source: WEBSTE

compensation for damage
type: Concept
definition: Equivalent in money or other form for a loss sustained for an injury, for property taken, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποκατάσταση (επανόρθωση) της ζημίας @el
alternative label: kaltea ordaintze
broader: damage insurance
source: BLACK

negotiable charge
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cost

public institution
type: Concept
definition: Institution for the management of public issues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: instituzio publiko
alternative label: erakunde publiko
broader: government (cabinet)
narrower: public institution of industrial and commercial nature
narrower: public institution of administrative nature
narrower: educational institution
related match: Public institution (United States)
source: ZINZAN

public institution of administrative nature
type: Concept
definition: Public institution for the management of administrative issues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: administrazio-izaerako herri-eraku
broader: public institution
narrower: ministry
source: ZINZAN

public institution of industrial and commercial nature
type: Concept
definition: Public institution for the management of industrial and commercial issues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria- eta merka
broader: public institution
source: ZINZAN

map chart
type: Concept
definition: A map, generally designed for navigation or other particular purposes, in which essential map information is combined with various other data critical to the intended use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zemljovid @hr
broader: map
related match: Cartogram
source: MGH

consultancy
type: Concept
definition: The position or practice of a qualified person paid for advice or services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μελέτες @el
broader: trade (services)
related match: Consultant
source: OED

chelicerate
type: Concept
definition: A subphylum of the phylum Artrophoda; chelicerae are characteristically modified as pincers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: arthropod
narrower: mite
narrower: spider
related match: Chelicerata
source: MGH

patent
type: Concept
definition: A grant of right to exclude others from making, using or selling one's invention and includes right to license others to make, use or sell it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας @el
broader: technical regulation
source: BLACK

chemical analysis
type: Concept
definition: The complex of operations aiming to determine the kinds of constituents of a given substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
related: chemical
related match: Analytical chemistry
source: ZINZAN

press release
type: Concept
definition: An official statement or announcement distributed to members of the media by a public relations firm, government agency or some other organization, often to supplement or replace an oral presentation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public information
source: WOR

speech
type: Concept
definition: An address or form of oral communication in which a speaker makes his thoughts and emotions known before an audience, often for a given purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ομιλία @el
alternative label: talförmåga @sv
broader: mass media
source: RHW

chemical composition
type: Concept
definition: The nature and proportions of the elements comprising a chemical compound.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χημική σύσταση @el
broader: chemical property
narrower: fuel composition
related match: Empirical formula
source: CED

environmental study
type: Concept
definition: A document submitted by an applicant in support of an undertaking which identifies the environmental impacts of the proposed undertaking and its alternatives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental report
source: LANDY

absorption (exposure)
type: Concept
definition: The taking in of fluids or other substances by cells or tissues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: xurgapen (esposizioa)
broader: poisoning
source: LANDY

advice
type: Concept
definition: An official notice, opinion, counsel or recommendation that is optional or at the receiver's discretion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναγγελία @el
alternative label: συμβουλή @el
alternative label: entrega-orri
alternative label: obavijest @hr
alternative label: rådgivning @sv
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: environmental protection advice
source: BLD

cinematographic film
type: Concept
definition: Any motion picture of a story, drama, episode or event, often considered as an art form or used as a medium for entertainment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: film
source: OED

documentary film
type: Concept
definition: Any motion picture or movie in which an actual event, era or life story is presented factually, with little or no fiction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ταινία ενημερωτικού περιεχομένου @el
broader: film
source: C
source: RHW

flora (document)
type: Concept
definition: A work systematically describing the flora of a particular region, listed by species and considered as a whole.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document type
source: RHW

report to the minister
type: Concept
definition: A written account or statement describing in detail observations or the results of an inquiry into an event or situation and presented to any person appointed or elected to a high-level position within some political entity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document type
source: RHW

parliamentary report
type: Concept
definition: A written account describing in detail observations or the results of an inquiry into an event or situation and presented to an official, deliberative body with legislative powers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document type
source: RHW

statutory text
type: Concept
definition: A document or a portion thereof expressing an official enactment of a legislative body, with emphasis on the document's precise wording or language.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document type
source: RHW

thesis
type: Concept
definition: A dissertation on a particular subject, in which original research has been done, usually by a candidate for a diploma or degree, or a proposition put forward for consideration, to be discussed and proved or maintained against objections.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: väitöskirja @fi
alternative label: avhandling @sv
alternative label: teori @sv
alternative label: sats @sv
broader: document type
related match: Thesis (academic document)
source: RHW

chemical decontamination
type: Concept
definition: Removal of chemical substances from a building, a watercourse, a person's clothes, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χημική απορρύπανση @el
broader: decontamination
related: soil decontamination
source: PHC

CD-ROM
type: Concept
definition: A compact disc on which a large amount of digitalised read-only data can be stored.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: compact disc read-only-memory @en
broader: documentation

information centre
type: Concept
definition: Any facility devoted to the collection, maintenance and distribution of materials or data compiled to convey knowledge on some subject, often with trained staff persons available to answer questions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
related match: Visitor center
source: RHW

chemical engineering
type: Concept
definition: The branch of engineering concerned with industrial manufacture of chemical products. It is a discipline in which the principles of mathematical, physical and natural sciences are used to solve problems in applied chemistry. Chemical engineers design, develop, and optimise processes and plants, operate them, manage personnel and capital, and conduct research necessary for new developments. Through their efforts, new petroleum products, plastics, agricultural chemicals, house-hold products, pharmaceuticals, electronic and advanced materials, photographic materials, chemical and biological compounds, various food and other products evolve.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kemijsko inženjerstvo @hr
broader: engineering
source: UST

technical information
type: Concept
definition: Factual data, knowledge or instructions relating to scientific research or the development, testing, evaluation, production, use or maintenance of equipment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
source: MHD
source: RHW

chemical fallout
type: Concept
definition: The sedimentation of chemical substances accumulated in the atmosphere as a result of industrial emissions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fallout
source: ZINZAN

information network
type: Concept
definition: A system of interrelated persons and/or devices linked to permit the exchange of data or knowledge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
narrower: environmental information network
narrower: electronic information network
narrower: wide area network
related match: Computer networking
source: ISEP
source: RHW

chemical fertiliser
type: Concept
definition: Fertilizer manufactured from chemicals; excessive use of them can cause pollution, when all the chemicals are not taken up by the plants and the excess is leached out of the soil into rivers and may cause algal bloom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailu kimiko
broader: agrochemical
narrower: inorganic fertiliser
related: soil fertilisation
source: PHC

assay
type: Concept
definition: Qualitative or quantitative determination of the components of a material, such as an ore or a drug.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανάλυση (μεταλλεύματος) @el
alternative label: teknik @sv
alternative label: metod @sv
broader: test
narrower: immunoassay
related: analysis
source: MGH

method
type: Concept
definition: A way of proceeding or doing something, especially a systematic or regular one.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: methodology
narrower: measuring method
narrower: biochemical method
narrower: determination method
narrower: calculation method
narrower: analytical method
related: agricultural method
source: CED

iron and steel industry
type: Concept
definition: Sector of the metallurgical industry dealing with the production of cast iron, steel and iron alloys. Emissions from these industries tend to settle quickly from the atmosphere and can lead to rising concentrations in the soil. The main raw material input to the production process is iron ore. Also recycled scrap is used.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανθρακοσιδηροβιομηχανία @el
alternative label: burdingintza
alternative label: burdina eta altzairuaren industria
broader: metallurgical industry
narrower: iron industry
narrower: steel industry
related match: History of ferrous metallurgy
source: DOBRIS
source: FLGISA

chemical industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry related with the production of chemical compounds. The chemical processing industry has a variety of special pollution problems due to the vast number of products manufactured. The treatment processes combine processing, concentration, separation, extraction, by-product recovery, destruction, and reduction in concentration. The wastes may originate from solvent extraction, acid and caustic wastes, overflows, spills, mechanical loss, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: pharmaceutical industry
narrower: cosmetic industry
narrower: petrochemical industry
related: chemical plant
related: chemical installation
source: PZ

urban habitat
type: Concept
definition: The resulting effects and interrelationships of human population concentrations, the built environment, and the biophysical environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban settlement
narrower: single family dwelling
related: housing
source: UNUN

wild fauna
type: Concept
definition: Not domesticated animals living independently of man.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fauna
source: CED

land management and planning
type: Concept
definition: Operations for preparing and controlling the implementation of plans for organizing human activities on land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurraren kudeaketa eta plangintza
broader: environmental management
narrower: land use regime
narrower: soil use regime
narrower: land development
related: land setup
related: land
source: GOOD

rural habitat
type: Concept
definition: The biotopes located in areas where agriculture is practiced.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γεωργική κατοικία @el
alternative label: lantlig livsmiljö @sv
broader: rural settlement
related: housing
source: RAMADE

groundwater quality
type: Concept
definition: Groundwater accounts for over 95% of the earth's useable fresh-water resources; over half the world's population depends on groundwater for drinking-water supplies. This invisible resource is vulnerable to pollution and over-exploitation. Effective conservation of groundwater supplies requires the integration of land-use and water management.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9214
source: GILP96

target setting
type: Concept
definition: Establishing or determining environmental goals or objectives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καθορισμός στόχων @el
broader: environmental policy instrument
source: RHW

chemical installation
type: Concept
definition: Building where chemicals are manufactured.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial installation
related: chemical industry
source: PHC

ontogenesis
type: Concept
definition: The entire sequence of events involved in the development of an individual organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reproduction (biological)
related: embryogenesis
related match: Ontogeny
source: CED

land tax
type: Concept
definition: Property tax. A tax laid upon the legal or beneficial owner of real property, and apportioned upon the assessed value of his land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: grundskatt @sv
broader: environmental tax
related match: Land value tax
source: WESTS

open lawn
type: Concept
definition: Any relatively unobstructed field of cultivated and mown grass, especially near a house or in a park.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: soropil
alternative label: zelai
broader: urban green
narrower: dry lawn
source: GWG
source: RHW

biological cycle
type: Concept
definition: A series of transformations or biological events which follow one after the other one, reaching at the end of the cycle the initial conditions, as in the life cycle of many animal and plant organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: life cycle
related match: Biological life cycle
source: DELFIN

chemical oceanography
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: oceanography

human habitat
type: Concept
definition: Any of the conditions in which people live. Also all human settlements in villages, towns or major cities, which require environmental management to provide water, public spaces, remove public wastes, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human settlement
related: housing
source: WRIGHT

urban concentration
type: Concept
definition: A process in which an increasing proportion of a country's population is concentrated in urban areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban development
source: GOOD

home garden
type: Concept
definition: A plot of cultivated ground adjacent to a dwelling and usually devoted in whole or in part to the growing of herbs, fruits, flowers, or vegetables for household use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etxeko baratz
broader: garden
source: WEBSTE

photography
type: Concept
definition: The process of forming visible images directly or indirectly by the action of light or other forms of radiation on sensitive surfaces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φωτογράφηση @el
alternative label: fotografia
broader: industrial process
narrower: aerial photography
related: photochemical product
source: MGH

bottle cap
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: botila-buxon
broader: miscellaneous product

iron scrap
type: Concept
definition: Waste pieces or disused articles of wrought iron (wrought-iron scrap) suitable for reworking for rolling or forging.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απομέταλλα σιδήρου @el
broader: scrap metal
related match: Scrap

voting
type: Concept
definition: The act of formally expressing an opinion or choice in some matter or for some candidate, usually by voice or ballot.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: political counselling
source: CIV

agricultural structure
type: Concept
definition: The buildings, machinery, facilities, related to agricultural production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzaren azpiegitura
broader: building
broader: agriculture
narrower: farm
narrower: agricultural building
source: RRDA

budget policy
type: Concept
definition: The programmatic use of a government's spending and revenue-generating activities to influence the economy and achieve specific objectives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: budget
source: MGHME

chemical pest control
type: Concept
definition: Control of plants and animals classified as pests by means of chemical compounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pest control
related: insecticide
related: fungicide
related: pesticide
related: soil pollution
source: WPR

co-operation policy
type: Concept
definition: Political course of action aiming at establishing trade agreements among the states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kooperazio-politika
broader: policy
source: NDGIUR

international balance
type: Concept
definition: A system in which nations or blocs of nations strive to maintain an equilibrium of power to prevent dominance by any single nation or to reduce conflict or the possibility of war.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international relations
narrower: international conflict
narrower: peacekeeping
source: IPE

Community finance
type: Concept
definition: The financial resources or income of the European Community, a body of people organized into a political unity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικονομικά της Κοινότητας @el
broader: economy
narrower: Community budget
related: European Union
source: ISEP
source: OED

organisation of the legal system
type: Concept
definition: The specific manner, form and institutions by which a government's ability to make, enforce and interpret laws are brought together into a coordinated whole.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: legal profession
narrower: judicial system
narrower: legal system
source: RHW

rights
type: Concept
definition: 1) Title to or an interest in any property. 2) Any interest or privilege recognized and protected by law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social process
narrower: economic rights
narrower: human rights
narrower: freedom
narrower: animal rights
narrower: right to information
source: DICLAW

economic structure
type: Concept
definition: The underlying framework, including transportation and communications systems, industrial facilities, education and technology, that enables a country or region to produce goods, services and other resources with exchange value.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egitura ekonomiko
broader: economy
narrower: international distribution
narrower: economic sector
source: MGHME
source: RHW

distributive trade
type: Concept
definition: Distribution of material goods to consumers, through retailing and wholesaling.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: trade (services)
narrower: commercialisation
source: GOOD

monetary relations
type: Concept
definition: The different modes in which countries, nations, etc., are brought together by financial, currency, or pecuniary interests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: finances
narrower: European Monetary System
source: OED

monetary economics
type: Concept
definition: The study, policies or system of institutions and procedures by which a country or region's commerce is supplied with notes, coins, bank deposits or other equivalent mediums of exchange.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικονομία του νομίσματος @el
broader: finances
narrower: monetary assessment
narrower: theory of money
narrower: exchange policy
narrower: money market
source: ODE

free movement of capital
type: Concept
definition: The unrestrained flow of cash, funds, and other means of wealth between countries with different currencies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fri kapitalrörelse @sv
broader: finances
related match: Internal Market (European Union)
source: RHW

social framework
type: Concept
definition: The underlying structure that connects and supports the various members and parts of a community or human organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: esparru sozial
broader: social structure
source: RHW

social protection
type: Concept
definition: The monies and programs a society enacts through either public or private entities to provide economic security and general welfare for its members, often on account of old age, unemployment, health, disability or death of a spouse, parent or other benefactor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: babes sozial
broader: society
narrower: consumer protection
related match: Social security
source: RHW

organisation of teaching
type: Concept
definition: A group or association of persons united to address the concerns, methods and professional status of instructors or educators.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: utbildningsorganisation @sv
broader: teaching
source: RHW

business organisation
type: Concept
definition: A particular legal arrangement for owning a firm, the principal forms are sale trades, partnerships and companies/corporations; collective term for the system, function, process of planning, providing, coordinating, directing all efforts and resources in a business in order to achieve its goals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οργανισμός εκμετάλλευσης @el
broader: business
narrower: economic concentration
narrower: company structure
narrower: stock management
related: agricultural holding
related match: Companies law

chemical plant
type: Concept
definition: Plants where basic raw materials are chemically converted into a variety of products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εργοστάσιο χημικών @el
alternative label: kemijski pogon @hr
alternative label: kemijsko postrojenje @hr
broader: industrial plant (building)
related: chemical industry
source: MGH

business classification
type: Concept
definition: The categorization of enterprises or organizations involved in an economy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: business
narrower: type of business
source: ISEP

legal form of organisations
type: Concept
definition: The type, structure or purpose of an institution as arranged, required and defined by local or national laws to determine the appropriate governmental regulations, privileges and tax status applicable to that institution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erakundeen zuzenbidezko forma
narrower: organisation (law)
source: BLD

cultivation of agricultural land
type: Concept
definition: Cultivation of land for the production of plant crops. Agricultural land may be employed in an unimproved state with few, if any, management inputs (extensive rangeland), or in an intensively managed state with annual inputs of fertilizer, pest, control treatments, and tillage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: obrábanie pôdy @sk
broader: agricultural method
narrower: cultivation method
narrower: cultivation system
source: DUNSTE

means of agricultural production
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nekazaritza-produkziorako baliabidea
broader: agricultural production

processed agricultural produce
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-produktu prozesatu
broader: agricultural product

agri-foodstuff
type: Concept
definition: Industry dealing with the production, processing, and supply of agricultural food products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako elikagaien industria
broader: food industry
source: PHC

chemical policy
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial policy

economic geography
type: Concept
definition: The geography of people making a living, dealing with the spatial patterns of production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. The development of economic geography over the past three decades has witnessed the substitution of analysis for description, leading to an identification of the factors and an understanding of the processes affecting the spatial differentiation of economic activities over the earth's surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geography
source: GOOD

credit
type: Concept
definition: The financial facility or system by which goods and services are provided in return for deferred, instead of immediate, payment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πίστωση @el
broader: finances
narrower: interest
narrower: debt
narrower: credit policy
narrower: banking
source: ODE

freedom
type: Concept
definition: The quality or state of being free, especially to enjoy political and civil liberties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: rights
source: CED

industrial structure
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-egitura
broader: firm
narrower: small and medium sized industry

chemical pollutant
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaile kimiko
alternative label: kemijsko onečišćavajuće sredstvo @hr
broader: pollutant
narrower: inorganic pollutant
narrower: organic pollutant
related: chemical pollution
related: chemical contamination

stock (trade)
type: Concept
definition: Stored products ready for sale.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: stock
alternative label: bestånd @sv
alternative label: förråd @sv
broader: stocktaking

sterilisation (biological)
type: Concept
definition: Procedure by which a human or other animal is made incapable of reproduction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: family planning
source: WEBSTE

environmental economics of firms
type: Concept
definition: The use of financial resources for the purpose of incorporating ecological principles in the operations of businesses and companies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental economy issue
source: ISEP
source: RHW

yield (agricultural)
type: Concept
definition: The accumulated volume or biomass remaining from gross production after accounting for losses due to respiration during production, herbivory, litterfall, and other factors that decrease the remaining available biomass.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: errendimendu (nekazaritzan)
alternative label: antaa satoa @fi
broader: agricultural production
source: DUNSTE

environmental problem solving
type: Concept
definition: The activity of finding solutions for troublesome or perplexing situations involving ecological or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: intervention on land
narrower: impact reversal
narrower: intervention in nature and landscape
narrower: restoration measure
narrower: installation restoration
source: OED

fodder plant
type: Concept
definition: Plants used to feed livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zuhain-landare
broader: plant (biology)
related: plant production
source: AMHER

industrial plant (organism)
type: Concept
definition: Plants employed in industry, e.g. cotton, flax, hemp, peanuts, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant (biology)
related: plant production
source: RRDA

chemical pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution caused by substances of chemical nature, including chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, metals as mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura kimiko
broader: pollution type
narrower: photochemical pollution
related: chemical pollutant
related: chemical contamination
source: GILP96

textile plant
type: Concept
definition: Plant producing material suitable to be made into cloths.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: textilná plodina @sk
alternative label: fiberväxt @sv
alternative label: textilväxt @sv
broader: plant (biology)
related: plant production
source: CED

tropical plant
type: Concept
definition: Plants growing in tropical areas in conditions of constant rain and high temperature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant (biology)
related: tropical forest
source: PHC

agricultural real estate
type: Concept
definition: Property of agricultural land and anything permanently affixed to the land, such as buildings, fences, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: farm
source: WESTS

agricultural holding
type: Concept
definition: As defined by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, an agricultural holding is simply a basic unit for agricultural production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako ustiategi
broader: agriculture
narrower: type of tenure
related: business organisation
source: GOOD

type of tenure
type: Concept
definition: The manner in which land is owned and possessed, i.e. of title to its use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: työsuhteen laji @fi
broader: agricultural holding
source: GOOD

geophysical environment
type: Concept
definition: The physical earth and its surroundings, consisting of the oceans and inland waters, lower and upper atmosphere, space, land masses and land forms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environment
source: ENZ
source: APD

petrochemical
type: Concept
definition: Chemicals manufactured from the products of oil refineries, based largely on ethylene, propylene and butylene produced in the cracking of petrol fractions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
source: GILP96

speciality chemical
type: Concept
definition: Various fine chemical products like glue, adhesives, resins, rubber, plastic compounds, selective herbicide, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
related match: Fine chemicals
source: ICBT

protein product
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktu proteiko
broader: foodstuff

processed foodstuff
type: Concept
definition: Food which has been treated to improve its appearance or to prevent it going bad.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: foodstuff
narrower: convenience food
source: PHC

aeration
type: Concept
definition: Exposition to the action of air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εξαερισμός @el
alternative label: aireztapen
alternative label: provjetravanje @hr
alternative label: aeracija @hr
alternative label: prozračivanje @hr
alternative label: prevzdušňovanie @sk
broader: physical process
narrower: water aeration
related: ventilation
source: MGH

chemical process
type: Concept
definition: The particular method of manufacturing or making a chemical usually involving a number of steps or operations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: softening
narrower: degreasing
narrower: oxygenation
narrower: chemical reaction
narrower: removal
narrower: replacement
related: chemical treatment
source: KOREN

convenience food
type: Concept
definition: Food so prepared and presented as to be easily and quickly ready for consumption.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ktoré sa dajú ľahko a rýchle pripraviť @sk
broader: processed foodstuff
source: ECHO2

mining product
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product

root crop
type: Concept
definition: Plants which store edible material in a root, corm or tuber; root crops used as food vegetables or fodder include carrots, parsnips, swedes and turnips; starchy root crops include potatoes, cassavas and yams.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural product
related: crop production
related match: List of root vegetables
source: PHC

cultivation system
type: Concept
definition: Any overall structure or set-up used to organize the activity of preparing land or soil for the growth of new crops, or the activity of promoting or improving the growth of existing crops.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultivation of agricultural land
narrower: agrosystem
narrower: slash and burn culture
narrower: forage crop
source: AGP
source: RHW

crop production
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of yielding produce from farmland, for livestock or human consumption.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παραγωγή των καλλιεργειών @el
alternative label: labore-produkzio
broader: agricultural production
related: forage crop
related: plant production
related: root crop
source: AGP
source: RHW

fisheries structure
type: Concept
definition: Refers to all the structures (fishing vessels, trawling nets, factory ships, catcher boats, etc.) used in fishing industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fishery
source: PARCOR

fishing ground
type: Concept
definition: Area of sea or freshwater where fish are caught.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fångstplats @sv
alternative label: fiskevatten @sv
broader: fishery
related match: Fishery
source: PHC

coal industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry related with the technical and mechanical activity of removing coal from the earth and preparing it for market.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: extractive industry
related match: Coal
source: MGH

energy industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry which converts various types of fuels as well as solar, water, tidal, and geothermal energy into other energy forms for a variety of household, commercial, transportation, and industrial application.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: electricity supply industry
narrower: electricity company
narrower: power company
related: energy production
source: PZ

communications industry
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
related: means of communication

information technology industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the design, manufacture and marketing of electronic machines designed to accept information or data that is easily manipulated for some result based on a program or some set of instructions, and the technology or materials used with these machines, such as storage devices, terminals and peripheral equipment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
related match: Information technology
source: SIC
source: WIC

vacuum industry
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry

preparation for market
type: Concept
definition: The containment, protection, handling and presentation of goods for the market.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related: packaging
source: RRDA

precision engineering
type: Concept
definition: Research and development, design, manufacture and measurement of high accuracy components and systems. It is related to mechanical, electronic, optical and production engineering, physics, chemistry, and computer and materials science.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engineering
broader: industrial process
source: ASPE

materials technology
type: Concept
definition: Any technical means or equipment used for the production and optimization of material goods that consist of any of a diverse range of properties, either alone or in combination, such as glass, metal, plastics and ceramics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental technology
related match: Materials science
source: APD

chemical property
type: Concept
definition: Properties of a substance depending on the arrangement of the atoms in the molecule, e.g. bio-availability, degradability, persistence, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: persistence
narrower: chemical corrosivity
narrower: degradability
narrower: chemical oxygen demand
narrower: structure-activity relationship
narrower: solubility
narrower: chemical structure
narrower: combustibility
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/947
narrower: antagonism
narrower: concentration (value)
narrower: substitutability (chemistry)
narrower: chemical composition
narrower: synergism
source: RRDA

military equipment
type: Concept
definition: Equipment necessary to the performance of military activities, either combat or noncombat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: equipment
related: armed forces
related match: Military technology and equipment
source: RRDA

audiovisual equipment
type: Concept
definition: Equipment designed to aid in learning and teaching by making use of both hearing and sight.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electrotechnical equipment
source: WEBSTE

machinery
type: Concept
definition: A group of parts or machines arranged to perform a useful function.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μηχανολογικός εξοπλισμός @el
alternative label: μηχανισμός @el
alternative label: maskiner @sv
broader: equipment
narrower: agricultural machinery
related match: Machine
source: MGH

mechanical equipment
type: Concept
definition: Machines and tools employed in manual and mechanical labour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: equipment
source: AMHER

pressure equipment
type: Concept
definition: Equipment operating with an internal pressure greater than atmospheric.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
related: pressure
source: RRDA

thermal equipment
type: Concept
definition: Equipment related to the production of heat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekipo termiko
broader: equipment
narrower: heater
narrower: heat pump
narrower: oven
narrower: steam generator
narrower: stove
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/953
narrower: furnace
narrower: refrigerator
source: AMHER

industrial manufacturing
type: Concept
definition: To make or process (a raw material) into a finished product, especially by means of a large-scale industrial operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-manufakturazio
broader: firm
source: AMHER

size of business
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: firm

business activity
type: Concept
definition: Any profit-seeking undertaking or venture that involves the production, sale and purchase of goods or services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επαγγελματική δραστηριότητα @el
broader: firm
source: RHW

branch of activity
type: Concept
definition: A specialized division of a business or other organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: firm
source: RRDA

administrative occupation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: occupation

building service
type: Concept
definition: The aggregation of services, including construction, development, maintenance and leasing, performed for human-occupied properties, such as office buildings and apartment houses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public works
source: PBS

mode of transportation
type: Concept
definition: Type of vehicle used for moving from one place to the other.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: transportsätt @sv
broader: transportation
narrower: transportation by pipeline
narrower: combined transport
related match: Mode of transport
source: RRDA

destination of transport
type: Concept
definition: The targeted place to which persons, materials or commodities are conveyed over land, water or through the air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transportation
source: RHW

degradation of the environment
type: Concept
definition: The process by which the environment is progressively contaminated, overexploited and destroyed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren andeat
alternative label: ingurugiroaren degradazio
alternative label: znehodnotenie životného prostredia @sk
broader: effect on the environment
narrower: freshwater degradation
narrower: ecosystem degradation
narrower: forest deterioration
narrower: soil degradation
related: overexploitation
source: RRDA

Community budget
type: Concept
definition: A schedule of revenues and expenditures for a specific time period that is devised by the European Community, a body of people organized into a political unity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προϋπολογισμός της Κοινότητας @el
broader: Community finance
related: European Union
source: MGHME
source: OED

economic support
type: Concept
definition: Any form of financial assistance or inducement for persons or institutions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dirulaguntza
alternative label: laguntza ekonomiko
broader: economy
narrower: public aid
narrower: economic incentive
source: ISEP

accounting system
type: Concept
definition: The system of setting up, maintaining, and auditing the books of a firm and of analyzing its financial status and operating results.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύστημα λογαριασμών @el
alternative label: kontularitza-sistema
broader: economy
related match: Accounting software

chemical reaction
type: Concept
definition: A change in which a substance is transformed into one or more new substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical process
narrower: acidification
narrower: ozonisation
narrower: nitrification
narrower: catalysis
narrower: hydrolysis
narrower: chlorination
narrower: chemical addition
narrower: ammonification
narrower: photochemical reaction
narrower: complex formation
narrower: neutralisation
narrower: chemical reduction
narrower: oxidation-reduction
narrower: oxidation
narrower: reaction kinetics
narrower: polymerisation
source: MGH

economic forecasting
type: Concept
definition: The production of estimates of future financial and commercial trends, based on econometric models or surveys.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aurreikuspen ekonomiko
broader: economic analysis
source: ODE

customs tariff
type: Concept
definition: An official list or schedule setting forth the duties imposed by a government on imported or exported goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tariff
related match: Tariff
source: OED

commercial transaction
type: Concept
definition: The conduct or carrying on of trade, business or a financial matter to a conclusion or settlement.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: handelstransaktion @sv
broader: economy
narrower: agreement (contract)
narrower: trade (economic)
narrower: sponsorship
narrower: purchase
related match: Financial transaction
source: RHW

pay policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action or procedure regarding compensation or recompensation for work done or services rendered.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fee
source: RHW

European Monetary System
type: Concept
definition: An organization established in Europe in 1979 to coordinate financial policy and exchange rates for the continent by running the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) and assisting movement toward a common European currency and a central European bank.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monetary relations
source: ODE

money market
type: Concept
definition: A financial market that trades Treasury bills, commercial paper and other short-term financial instruments. This market is often used by businesses when they need short-term funds to bridge the gap between paying operating costs and collecting revenue from product sales. As such, the term "money" in money market indicates that businesses are using highly liquid instruments to raise the money need for operating expenses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αγορά χρήματος @el
alternative label: diru-merkatu
broader: monetary economics
source: AMOS2

exchange policy
type: Concept
definition: Course of action or procedure by government, business, or an individual concerning trade activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kanbio-politika
broader: monetary economics
source: ISEP
source: RHW

credit policy
type: Concept
definition: An official course of action adopted by a business, financial institution or state to regulate, restrict or increase deferred payment arrangements for goods, services or money.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: credit
source: ODE

public debt
type: Concept
definition: The total amount of all government securities outstanding. This is also frequently termed government debt.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: herri-zor
alternative label: offentlig upptagning av lån @sv
broader: debt
related match: Government debt
source: AMOS2

tax on consumption
type: Concept
definition: A sum of money demanded from businesses by a government, usually based on a percentage of total sales of select goods and services, and generally passed on to consumers with each individual purchase.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tax
source: ODE

tax on capital
type: Concept
definition: A government imposed levy on the wealth or assets gained by an individual, firm, or corporation for the purpose of raising revenue to pay for services or improvements for the general public benefit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tax
source: EFP
source: RHW

income tax
type: Concept
definition: A tax on the annual profits arising from property, business pursuits, professions, trades or offices.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tax
source: BLACK

taxation policy
type: Concept
definition: The use of government tax and spending policies to achieve desired macroeconomic goals. Accordingly, they involve discretionary efforts to adjust governmental tax and spending to induce changes in economic incentives and, hence, to stabilize fluctuations in aggregate demand.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zerga-politika
broader: taxation
narrower: tax differentiation
source: INDEDU

farm price
type: Concept
definition: The amount of money or monetary rate at which agricultural goods and services can be bought or sold.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τιμή παραγωγού @el
alternative label: nekazaritza-produktuen prezio
broader: price
related match: Farm gate value
source: RHW

market price
type: Concept
definition: The price actually given in current market dealings; the actual price at which given stock or commodity is currently sold in the usual and ordinary course of trade and competition between sellers and buyers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: price
source: WESTS

transport cost
type: Concept
definition: The outlay or expenditure involved in moving goods from one place to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: price
source: ODE

prices policy
type: Concept
definition: The guiding procedure, philosophy, or course of action for decisions regarding the monetary rate or value for goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: price
narrower: pricing policy of resources
source: RHW

economic concentration
type: Concept
definition: The extent to which a market is taken up by producers within a given industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: business organisation
source: ODE

company structure
type: Concept
definition: The type of organization of a company. Three kinds of structure are usually recognized: centralized, formal or hierarchical.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δομή της εταιρείας @el
broader: business organisation
source: ECONSK

chemical risk
type: Concept
definition: Probability of harm to human health, property or the environment posed by contact with any substance of a defined molecular composition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk
source: APD

financial management
type: Concept
definition: The management of acquisitions and the use of long- and short-term capital by a business.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: finances
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9389
narrower: financial compensation

management accounting
type: Concept
definition: The collection and processing of financial information to assist with the handling, direction, or control of an organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κοστολόγηση @el
alternative label: debiteringsstyrning @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/961
narrower: cost reduction
narrower: cost increase
source: ODE
source: RHW

business policy
type: Concept
definition: The guiding procedure, philosophy or course of action for an enterprise or company organized for commercial purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: business
narrower: competitiveness
narrower: international competitiveness
source: RHW

restriction on competition
type: Concept
definition: Article 85(1) of the EEC Treaty prohibits all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between member states and which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition within the common market. All such arrangements are automatically null and void under Article 85(2), unless exempted by the Commission pursuant to Article 85(3). The text of Article 85 is as follows: "1. The following shall be prohibited as incompatible with the common market: all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between member states and which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition within the common market, and in particular those which: (a) directly or indirectly fix purchase or selling prices or any other trading conditions; (b) limit or control production, markets, technical development, or investment; (c) share markets or sources of supply; (d) apply dissimilar conditions to equivalent transactions with other trading parties, thereby placing them at a competitive disadvantage; (e) make the conclusion of contracts subject to acceptance by the other parties of supplementary obligations which, by their nature or according to commercial usage, have no connection with the subject of such contracts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lehia mugatze
alternative label: konkurrentzia mu
alternative label: konkurrentziaren mugapen
broader: economic competition
narrower: monopoly
source: CLAORG

private international law
type: Concept
definition: The part of the national law of a country that establishes rules for dealing with cases involving a foreign element.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international law
related match: Conflict of laws
source: DICLAW

public international law
type: Concept
definition: The general rules and principles pertaining to the conduct of nations and of international organizations and with the relations among them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international law
source: BLD

international economic law
type: Concept
definition: The recognized rules guiding the commercial relations of at least two sovereign states or private parties involved in cross-border transactions, including regulations for trade, finance and intellectual property.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international law
source: IEL

criminal liability
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erantzukizun kriminal
alternative label: straffrättsligt ansvar @sv
broader: criminal law
related match: Legal liability

public contract
type: Concept
definition: Any contract in which there are public funds provided though private persons may perform the contract and the subject of the contract may ultimately benefit private persons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontratu administratibo
alternative label: offentligt avtal @sv
broader: contract
narrower: government contracting
related match: Government procurement

chemical
type: Concept
definition: Any substance used in or resulting from a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χημικό(ς) @el
alternative label: kemikalie @sv
hidden label: chemicals @en
narrower: insoluble substance
narrower: non-volatile substance
narrower: weakly degradable substance
narrower: volatile substance
narrower: functional substance
narrower: ion
narrower: biochemical substance
narrower: salt
narrower: radioactive substance
narrower: oxide
narrower: acid
narrower: metal
narrower: amalgam
narrower: trace element
narrower: lipophilic substance
narrower: isomer
narrower: isotope
narrower: nutrient medium
narrower: dissolved oxygen
narrower: halogenated compound
narrower: organic substance
narrower: base (chemical)
narrower: surface active compound
narrower: inorganic substance
related: chemical analysis
related: environmental chemicals legislation
related match: Chemical substance
source: CED

customs regulation
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules or orders generally issued by the executive authority of a government to establish and direct the taxes, duties or tariffs payable upon merchandise exported or imported.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: commercial law
source: BLD

family law
type: Concept
definition: Branch of specialty of law, also denominated "domestic relations" law, concerned with such subjects as adoption, annulment, divorce, separation, paternity, custody, support and child care.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law branch
source: BLACK

traffic regulation
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules or orders prescribed by government or management for the safe and orderly movement of vehicles on land, sea or in the air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regulation
narrower: air traffic regulation
related: traffic
related match: Traffic regulations
source: BLD
source: RHW

regulation of agricultural production
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules or orders prescribed by government, management or an international organization or treaty pertaining to the cultivation of land, raising crops, or feeding, breeding and raising livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-ekoizpenaren arautegi
broader: regulation
source: BLD
source: RHW

law relating to prisons
type: Concept
definition: Binding rules and regulations pertaining to the construction, use and operation of jails, penitentiaries and other places of legal confinement and punishment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: criminal law
source: BLD

estate rental
type: Concept
definition: The service provided by an owner agreeing to grant the temporary possession of specific housing in return for the payment of rent from the tenant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: higiezinen errentamendu
broader: lodging
related: housing
source: RHW

data processing law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
related: data processing system

competition law
type: Concept
definition: That part of the law dealing with matters such as those arising from monopolies and mergers, restrictive trading agreements, resale price maintenance and agreements involving distortion of competition affected by EU rules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: konkurrentziarn zuzenbide
broader: law (corpus of rules)
related: economic competition
source: CURZON

restrictive trade practice
type: Concept
definition: Business operation or action that confines or limits the free exchange of goods and services within a country or between countries, which may include discrimination, exclusive dealings, collusion agreements or price fixing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: trade relations
related match: Cartel
source: ODE
source: RHW

EC Treaty
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: treaty
related: European Union
related match: Treaties of Rome

chemicals act
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: juridical act

transport regulation
type: Concept
definition: A rule or order prescribed by government or management for the safe and orderly conveyance of persons, materials or commodities over land, water or through the air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regulation
related: transportation
source: BLD
source: RHW

Community legal system
type: Concept
definition: The directly applicable legislation of the European Community regulating the relations of member states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Community law
source: CURZON

Community act
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πράξη της Κοινότητας @el
broader: Community law

ruling
type: Concept
definition: A judicial or administrative interpretation of a provision of a statute, order, regulation, or ordinance. May also refer to judicial determination of admissibility of evidence, allowance of motion, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποφάσεις (σύνολο) @el
alternative label: päätös, välipäätös @fi
alternative label: avgörande @sv
alternative label: förordnande @sv
broader: justice
narrower: appeal
related match: Rule
source: WESTS

legal procedure
type: Concept
definition: Term includes all proceedings authorised or sanctioned by law, and brought or instituted in a court of legal tribunal, for the acquiring of a right or the enforcement of a remedy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: justice
narrower: regulatory control
narrower: criminal law procedure
narrower: surveillance
narrower: prescription statutory limitation
narrower: appeal procedure
narrower: hearing procedure
narrower: licencing
related match: Procedural law
source: WESTS

access to the courts
type: Concept
definition: The right of citizens to access to the organs of the governments where justice is administered.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: justice
source: BLACK

organisation (law)
type: Concept
definition: Term used in commercial law, including a corporation, government or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership or association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest, or any other legal or commercial entity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elkarte (zuzenbidea)
alternative label: organisaatio @fi
broader: legal form of organisations
related match: Organization
source: BLACK

legal profession
type: Concept
definition: A body of persons whose occupation is concerned with advising clients in matters of law, representing them in court or assisting them through the judicial process, including, in the first instance, lawyers and, by extension, judges, legal assistants and court employees.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νομικοί @el
broader: organisation of the legal system
related match: Lawyer
source: OCT
source: RHW

legal system
type: Concept
definition: The organization and network of courts and other institutions, procedures and customs, officers and other personnel concerned with interpretation and enforcement of a country's law or with advice and assistance in matters pertaining to those laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύστημα κανόνων δικαίου @el
broader: organisation of the legal system
narrower: legal basis
narrower: legal text
narrower: legal remedy
related match: List of country legal systems
source: OCT
source: RHW

administrative organisation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διοικητικός οργανισμός @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/95
narrower: institutionalisation
narrower: municipal level
narrower: balancing of interests
narrower: supervisory body
narrower: conflicting use
narrower: conflict of interests
narrower: conflict of aims
narrower: co-operation principle
narrower: public-private partnership
related match: Public administration

legislative procedure
type: Concept
definition: Any prescribed step or manner of proceeding that a law making body takes in proposing laws, resolutions or special acts before they can be enacted or passed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: legegintza-jardunbide
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/95
narrower: law amendment
narrower: law draft
narrower: legislative process
narrower: harmonisation of law
related: legislation
related match: Parliamentary procedure
source: RHW

management technique
type: Concept
definition: systematic approach or method of performance for the accomplishment of administrative goals or tasks.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: management
narrower: delegated management
narrower: policy integration
narrower: improvement of efficiency
narrower: compensation
source: RHW

institutional structure
type: Concept
definition: An organization's complex system of mutually connected and dependent elements or parts, which make up a definite manner of arrangement.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egitura instituzional
narrower: administrative body
narrower: scientific committee
narrower: judicial body
narrower: institutional activity
narrower: government (cabinet)
narrower: international organisation
narrower: non-governmental organisation
narrower: armed forces
narrower: Parliament
narrower: statutory public body
narrower: state
related match: Institution
source: OED

institutional activity
type: Concept
definition: The specific tasks, undertakings or functions that governments, businesses and other organizations perform.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jarduera instituzional
broader: institutional structure
narrower: parliamentary debate
source: RHW

common commercial policy
type: Concept
definition: The set of uniform trade principles or practices established by an European Community customs union, which implements common tariff rates, tariff and trade agreements with non-member countries, import and export policies, and export promotion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: EC policy
source: EUR

common tariff policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by member countries, in which it is agreed to impose a system of duties or tax charges on imports from non-member countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πολιτική κοινού δασμολογίου @el
broader: EC policy
source: ODE

research policy
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific policy
related match: Science and Technology Policy Research (SPRU)

construction policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government, business or some other organization, which plans or organizes for the maintenance, development and erection of houses, offices, bridges or other building structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
source: OED

communications policy
type: Concept
definition: Measures and practices adopted by governments relating to the management of communication media.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
source: RRDA

production policy
type: Concept
definition: Measures and activities promoted by governments aiming at the structural definition of the productive apparatus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekoizpen-politika
broader: policy
source: NDGIUR

chemical in the environment
type: Concept
definition: The presence in the environment of any solid, liquid or gaseous material discharged from a process and that may pose substantial hazard to human health and the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pollutant distribution

space policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government or some other organization, which seeks to support research and the exploration of planets, asteroids and other elements in the region beyond earth's atmosphere or beyond the solar system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
source: OED

economic region
type: Concept
definition: A district or an administrative division of a city or territory that is designed according to some material, distributive or productive criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: territorial policy
source: RHW

aid policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government or some other organization that promotes or determines the allocation of assistance, support or relief, often from one country to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
narrower: subsidiary principle
narrower: development aid
narrower: humanitarian aid
narrower: financial aid
related: international assistance
source: ODE

humanitarian aid
type: Concept
definition: The support or relief given to save human lives or to alleviate suffering, including public health efforts and the provision of financial resources and food, often when governmental authorities are unable or unwilling to provide for such assistance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aid policy
source: DPG
source: RHW

international conflict
type: Concept
definition: A controversy, disagreement, quarrel or warfare between or among two or more nations or countries, often requiring involvement or monitoring by other members of the global community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international balance
source: ISEP
source: OED

peacekeeping
type: Concept
definition: The activities to prevent, contain, moderate and/or terminate the hostilities between or within States, through the medium of an impartial third party intervention, organised and directed internationally. This intervention is conducted using military forces, police and civilians with the consent of the main belligerents, to complement the diplomatic conflict resolution process and, to restore and maintain peace.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international balance
source: VCDS

pollution control measure
type: Concept
definition: Procedure or course of action taken to curb or reduce human-made or human-alteration of the physical, biological, chemical and radiological integrity of air, water and other media.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura kontrolatzeko neurri
broader: intervention on land
related: pollution control
source: RHW
source: TOE

level of education
type: Concept
definition: A position along a scale of increasingly advanced training marking the degree or grade of instruction either obtained by an individual, offered by a some entity or necessary for a particular job or task.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: education
narrower: technical instruction
narrower: socioeducational activity
narrower: school teaching
narrower: curriculum
narrower: competitive examination
narrower: continuing education
narrower: secondary education
narrower: environmental education
narrower: adult education
narrower: primary education
narrower: higher education
narrower: administrative instructions
narrower: general education
source: RHW

general education
type: Concept
definition: Informal learning or formal instruction with broad application to human existence beyond the domain of any particular subject or discipline, often equated with liberal arts in the university setting and contrasted to courses required for a specific major or program.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hezkuntza orokor
broader: level of education
related match: Curriculum
source: COE
source: ISEP

schoolwork
type: Concept
definition: The material studied in or for an educational institution, comprising homework and work done in the classroom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: didactics
source: RHW

school life
type: Concept
definition: Any part or the sum of experiences had while attending an instructional institution, or the amount of time spent in such a program.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: didactics
source: ISEP
source: RHW

teaching material
type: Concept
definition: An article or device used to facilitate the learning process in an instructional setting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διδακτικό βοήθημα @el
alternative label: μέσο διδασκαλίας @el
broader: didactics
related: document
source: RHW

documentary system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated assemblage of people, devices or other resources providing written, printed or digitized items that furnish or substantiate information or evidence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information system
source: RHW

means of communication
type: Concept
definition: The agents, instruments, methods or resources used to impart or interchange thoughts, opinions or information.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hedabide
broader: communications
narrower: information kit
narrower: audiovisual media
narrower: mass media
related: communications industry
source: RHW

communications system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated assemblage of people, devices or other resources designed to exchange information and data by means of mutually understood symbols.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information system
source: ISEP
source: RHW

data processing system
type: Concept
definition: An assembly of computer hardware, firmware and software configured for the purpose of performing various operations on digital information elements with a minimum of human intervention.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: datuak prozesatzeko sistema
broader: informatics
narrower: expert system
related: data processing law
related: data processing
source: JON

social analysis
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: analisi sozial
broader: analysis
related: sociology
related match: Social theory

behavioural science
type: Concept
definition: The study of the behaviour of organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: science
narrower: ethology
related match: Behavioural sciences
source: ALL
source: ZINZAN

health care profession
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος υγειονομικής περίθαλψης @el
broader: medicine (practice)
related match: Health care provider

testing of chemicals
type: Concept
definition: The determination of the efficacy and the toxicity of chemical products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktu kimikoen proba
broader: testing method
related: pollutant assessment
source: WPR

artificial reproductive technique
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health care

animal health
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: abere-osasun
alternative label: zdravie zvierat @sk
broader: health
related: animal husbandry
related: animal physiology
related match: Veterinary medicine

war victim
type: Concept
definition: A person that suffers from the destructive action undertaken as a result of an armed conflict between two or more parties, particularly death, injury, hardship, loss of property or dislocation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: guda-biktima
broader: war
source: RHW

internal migration
type: Concept
definition: A population shift occurring within national or territorial boundaries, often characterized by persons seeking labor opportunities in more advantageous areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human migration
related match: Migration
source: ISEP

geographical distribution of population
type: Concept
definition: The number of inhabitants in or spread across designated subdivisions of an area, region, city or country.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: population distribution
source: RHW

composition of population
type: Concept
definition: The constituent groupings and proportions of the total inhabitants of a given nation, area, region or city, as seen from various perspectives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human population
source: RHW

rights of the individual
type: Concept
definition: Just claims, legal guarantees or moral principles accorded to each and every member of a group or state, including the freedom to do certain things and the freedom from certain intrusions imposed by the collective body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human rights
source: APS
source: RHW

chemical structure
type: Concept
definition: The arrangement of atoms in a molecule of a chemical compound.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kemijska građa @hr
broader: chemical property
source: CED

economic rights
type: Concept
definition: The just claims and legal guarantees to access, participate in and profit from the production, distribution and use of property, intellectual property, income and wealth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-eskubideak
broader: rights
source: RHW

trend of opinion
type: Concept
definition: The general movement, drift or direction of change in a viewpoint collectively and purportedly held by a significant number of people.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: opinion
source: RHW

political ideology
type: Concept
definition: A belief system that explains and justifies a preferred economic and governmental order for society, offers strategies for its maintenance or attainment and helps give meaning to public events, personalities and policies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sociopolitical aspect
related match: List of political ideologies
source: APS

marital status
type: Concept
definition: The standing of an individual with regard to a legally recognized conjugal relationship, either in the present or past.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: det äktenskapliga ståndet @sv
broader: social group
source: RHW

socio-cultural group
type: Concept
definition: A collection of people who interact and share a sense of unity on account of a common ethnic, ancestral, generational or regional identity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social group
source: RHW

employment structure
type: Concept
definition: The organization and proportions of the various job types and skill levels in an enterprise or economy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: employment
source: LAB

occupational status
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επαγγελματική θέση @el
alternative label: lanbide-kategoria
broader: employment
related match: Occupational prestige

termination of employment
type: Concept
definition: The act or instrument by which the binding force of a contract is terminated, irrespective of whether the contract is carried out to the full extent contemplated or is broken off before complete execution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: employment
source: WESTS

working population engaged in agriculture
type: Concept
definition: The number of a particular region or nation's working population gainfully employed or otherwise occupied with the production of crops, livestock or poultry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: labour market
source: RHW

leave on social grounds
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organisation of work

labour force
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: labour
narrower: commuting
narrower: off-peak working
related match: Labor force

chemical treatment
type: Concept
definition: Processes that alter the chemical structure of the constituents of the waste to produce either an innocuous or a less hazardous material. Chemical processes are attractive because they produce minimal air emissions, they can often be carried out on the site of the waste generator, and some processes can be designed and constructed as mobile units.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
narrower: etching
narrower: desulphurisation of fuel
narrower: substitution of phosphate
narrower: dechlorination
related: chemical process
source: PARCOR

chemical treatment of waste
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121

chemical waste
type: Concept
definition: Any by-product of a chemical process, including manufacturing processes. Often this by-product is considered a toxic or polluting substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
related: special waste
source: APD
source: ERG

chemical weapon
type: Concept
definition: Chemical agents of warfare include all gaseous, liquid or solid chemical substances which might be employed because of their direct toxic effects on man and animals. Chemical weapons also include the chemical's precursors, the munitions and devices designed to deliver them, and any equipment specifically designed for their use in warfare. Nerve agents (chemicals of the same family as organophosphorous insecticides) are the most lethal of the classical chemical warfare agents, killing by poisoning the nervous system and disrupting bodily functions. Other chemical weapons include blister agents, vesicants, choking agents, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9267
related match: Chemical weapons
source: WPR

chemisorption
type: Concept
definition: The process of chemical adsorption.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kemijska adsorpcija @hr
broader: sorption
source: MGH

chemistry
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study of the properties, composition, and structure of matter, the changes in structure and composition of matter, and accompanying energy changes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: science
narrower: physical chemistry
narrower: environmental chemistry
narrower: organic chemistry
narrower: biochemistry
narrower: atmospheric chemistry
narrower: general chemistry
narrower: analytical chemistry
narrower: inorganic chemistry
narrower: biogeochemistry
source: MGH

aerial photograph
type: Concept
definition: An image of the ground surface made on a light-sensitive material and taken at a high altitude from an aircraft, spacecraft or rocket.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aireko argazki
alternative label: aerofotografija @hr
alternative label: flygbild @sv
broader: photograph
related match: Aerial photography
source: MHD

child
type: Concept
definition: A person below the age of puberty.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ume
broader: population structure
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9406
source: ISEP

chimney
type: Concept
definition: A vertical structure of brick, masonry, or steel that carries smoke or steam away from a fire, engine, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: building component
source: CED

camp
type: Concept
definition: 1) A place where tents, cabins, or other temporary structures are erected for the use of military troops, for training soldiers, etc. 2) Tents, cabins, etc., used as temporary lodgings by a group of travellers, holiday-makers, Scouts, Gypsies, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καταυλισμός @el
alternative label: κατασκήνωση @el
alternative label: εργοτάξιο @el
alternative label: σταθμός @el
broader: tourist facility
narrower: holiday camp
source: CED

bank (land)
type: Concept
definition: The sloping side of any hollow in the ground, especially when bordering a river.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανάχωμα @el
alternative label: πρανές @el
alternative label: ibaiertz (ibaikoa)
alternative label: itsasertz (itsasokoa)
alternative label: urertz
alternative label: erribera
alternative label: matalikko @fi
broader: landform
source: CED

wood hauling
type: Concept
definition: The process of removing forest produce, particularly timber, fuelwood and bamboos, from its place of growth to some permanent or major delivery point, either for further transport or further manufacture, i.e. secondary conversion, or both.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egurraren garraio
broader: forestry
source: ECHO2

royalty
type: Concept
definition: Compensation for the use of a person's property, based on an agreed percentage of the income arising from its use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συγγραφικά δικαιώματα @el
alternative label: upphovsrättslig ersättning @sv
broader: taxation

chart (act)
type: Concept
definition: A formal written record of transactions, proceedings, etc., as of a society, committee, or legislative body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Χάρτα (νομική πράξη) @el
alternative label: bilera-agiri
alternative label: batzar-agiri
broader: document type
source: CED

animal excrement
type: Concept
definition: Waste matter discharged from the body of an animal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ζωογενές απέκκριμα @el
alternative label: animalia-iraizkin
alternative label: exkrementy zvierat @sk
broader: animal waste
related: manure
source: CED

chimney height
type: Concept
definition: The appropriate height for chimneys serving industrial combustion plants in order to avoid unacceptable pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tximinia-garaiera
broader: environmental assessment criterion
narrower: excessive height of chimney stacks
source: PORT

allowance
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βοήθημα @el
alternative label: έκπτωση @el
alternative label: απαλλαγή @el
alternative label: επίδομα @el
alternative label: dirulaguntza
alternative label: sorospen
broader: policy instrument

maintenance (technical)
type: Concept
definition: The upkeep of industrial facilities and equipment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
source: MGH

paint room
type: Concept
definition: A portion of space within a commercial establishment that is used for applying coloring substances to certain products or materials, providing a decorative or protective coating.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: margo-lantegi
broader: industrial site
source: RHW

salina
type: Concept
definition: A place where crystalline salt deposits are formed or found, such as a salt flat or pan, a salada, or a salt lick.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: saltsjö @sv
broader: coastal area
source: BJGEO

hiking trail
type: Concept
definition: A trail in the country along which one can walk, usually for pleasure or exercise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: path
related match: Trail
source: CED

overflow (outlet)
type: Concept
definition: Any device or structure that conducts excess water or sewage from a conduit or container.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dam
source: MGH

cutting (vegetative propagation)
type: Concept
definition: In plant propagation, young shoots or stems removed for the purpose of growing new plants by vegetatively rooting the cuttings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kimatze (ugalketa begetatiboa)
alternative label: skott @sv
broader: agricultural method
source: DUNSTE

eco-balance
type: Concept
definition: An eco-balance refers to the consumption of energy and resources and the pollution caused by the production cycle of a given product. The product is followed throughout its entire life cycle, from the extraction of the raw materials, manufacturing and use, right through to recycling and final handling of waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental criterion
source: DUNI

nitrogen oxide
type: Concept
notation: NOx
definition: A colorless gas that, at room temperature, reacts with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide; may be used to form other compounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nitrogeno(II) oxido
broader: nitrogen oxides
source: MGH

oven
type: Concept
definition: An enclosed heated compartment usually lined with a refractory material used for drying substances, firing ceramics, heat-treating, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: thermal equipment
source: CED

chiropteran
type: Concept
definition: Order of placental mammals comprising the bats having the front limbs modified as wings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mammal
related match: Bat
source: CED

bovine
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/977
related: cattle
related match: Bovinae

chloride
type: Concept
definition: A compound which is derived from hydrochloric acid and contains the chlorine atom in the -1 oxidation state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χλωρίδιο @el
broader: inorganic substance
related: salt
source: MGH

chlorinated hydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: A class of persistent, broad-spectrum insecticides that linger in the environment and accumulate in the food chain. Among them are DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, chlordane, lindane, endrin, mirex, hexachloride, and toxaphene. In insects and other animals these compounds act primarily on the central nervous system. They also become concentrated in the fats of organisms and thus tend to produce fatty infiltration of the heart and fatty degeneration of the liver in vertebrates. In fishes they have the effect of preventing oxygen uptake, causing suffocation. They are also known to slow the rate of photosynthesis in plants. Their danger to the ecosystem resides in their rate stability and the fact that they are broad-spectrum poisons which are very mobile because of their propensity to stick to dust particles and evaporate with water into the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organochlorine compound
narrower: chloroethylene
related match: Organochloride
source: EPAGLO
source: PORT

approval
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: onespen
broader: policy instrument

chlorination
type: Concept
definition: The application of chlorine to water, sewage or industrial wastes for disinfection or other biological or chemical purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical reaction
source: ALL

cleansing
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of washing, laundering or removing dirt and other unwanted substances from the surface of an object, thing or place.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: xahupen
broader: services
narrower: contract cleaner
narrower: beach cleansing
related: purification
source: RHW

chlorine
type: Concept
definition: A very reactive and highly toxic green, gaseous element, belonging to the halogen family of substances. It is one of the most widespread elements, as it occurs naturally in sea-water, salt lakes and underground deposits, but usually occurs in a safe form as common salt (NaCl). Commercially it is used in large quantities by the chemical industry both as an element to produce chlorinated organic solvents, like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and for the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride plastics, thermoplastic and hypochlorite bleaches. Chlorine was the basis for the organochlorine pesticides, like DDT and other agricultural chemicals that have killed wildlife. The reactivity of chlorine has proved disastrous for the ozone layer and has been the cause of the creation of the ozone hole, which was first detected in the Southern Hemisphere over Antarctica and then over the Northern Hemisphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klorgas @sv
broader: element of group VII
source: WRIGHT

inner city
type: Concept
definition: 1) Part of a city at or near the centre, especially a slum area where poor people live in bad housing. 2) City centres of many industrialized countries which exhibit environmental degradation. The numerous and highly competitive activities entailing land use overwhelm the limited space and create a situation of overcrowding, functional incompatibility and cultural degradation. Inner city areas have a high level of commercial specialization, a large number of offices and a sizeable daytime population. At the same time, city centres generally remain a sort of ghetto for a permanent, low-income population living in run-down housing and enjoying little in the way of public services and civic amenities. The concentration of service industries inevitably entails the replacement of traditional housing and shops by office blocks, the provision of basic utilities at the expense of civic amenities and the provision of major access roads which eat up urban space. Structures of historic origin are often unable to meet modern requirements and, notwithstanding their value, frequently face demolition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erdialde
alternative label: erdigune
broader: city centre
source: PHC
source: WPR

chloroethylene
type: Concept
definition: A flammable, explosive gas with an ethereal aroma; soluble in alcohol and ether, slightly soluble in water; boils at -14° C; an important monomer for polyvinyl chloride and its copolymers; used in organic synthesis and in adhesives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chlorinated hydrocarbon
narrower: DDT
narrower: perchloroethylene
related match: Vinyl chloride
source: MGH

sluice-gate
type: Concept
definition: A valve or gate fitted to a sluice to control the rate of flow of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: esklusa-ataka
alternative label: esklusa-konporta
broader: sluice
source: CED

chlorofluorocarbon
type: Concept
definition: Gases formed of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon whose molecules normally do not react with other substances; they are therefore used as spray can propellants because they do not alter the material being sprayed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: CFC
broader: halogenated hydrocarbon
narrower: partially halogenated chlorofluorohydrocarbon
narrower: freon
source: LANDY

noise effect
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zarataren ondorio
broader: pollution effect
narrower: noise disturbance
related: noise level

CFC and halons prohibition
type: Concept
definition: An interdiction on the manufacture or use of products that discharge chlorofluorocarbons and bromine-containing compounds into the atmosphere, thereby contributing to the depletion of the ozone layer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: CFC eta haloien galarazpen
broader: prohibition
related: pollution abatement
related: halogenated compound
source: TOE

partially halogenated chlorofluorohydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: Hydrocarbons whose hydrogen atoms have been partially substituted with chlorine and fluorine. They are used in refrigeration, air conditioning, packaging, insulation, or as solvents and aerosol propellants. Because they are not destroyed in the lower atmosphere they drift into the upper atmosphere where their chlorine components destroy ozone.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: "mjuka freoner" @sv
broader: chlorofluorocarbon
source: LANDY

chlorophenol
type: Concept
definition: Major group of chlorinated hydrocarbons, pesticides and biocides which account for a very high percentage of the non-agricultural pesticide use, such as anti-rotting agents in non-woollen textiles and wood preservatives. The chlorophenols act as biocides by inhibiting the respiration and energy-conversion processes of the microorganisms. They are toxic to man above 40 parts per million, to fish above 1 ppm, whilst concentrations as low as one part per thousand million can taint water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: halogenated phenol
narrower: pentachlorophenol
source: PORT

chlorophyll
type: Concept
definition: A green pigment, present in algae and higher plants, that absorbs light energy and thus plays a vital role in photosynthesis. Except in Cyanophyta (blue-green algae), chlorophyll is confined to chloroplasts. There are several types of chlorophyll, but all contain magnesium and iron. Some plants (e.g., brown algae, red algae, copper beech trees) contain additional pigments that masks the green of their chlorophyll.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
related: photosynthesis
source: ALL

deciduous wood
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9349

mixed woodland
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan misto
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9349
related match: Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests

chlorosis
type: Concept
definition: A disease condition of green plants seen as yellowing of green parts of the plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: žutica @hr
alternative label: nedostatak klorofila @hr
broader: plant disease
source: MGH

penal sanction
type: Concept
definition: Punishment for the commission of a specific crime, such as fines, restitution, probation and imprisonment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zehapen penal
broader: sanction
source: BLD

coniferous tree
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tree
related match: Pinophyta

chromatographic analysis
type: Concept
definition: The analysis of chemical substances that are poured into a vertical glass tube containing an adsorbent where the various components of the substance move through the adsorbent at different rates of speed according to their degree of attraction to it, thereby producing bands of color at different levels of the adsorption column.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
related: chromatography
source: KOREN

chromatography
type: Concept
definition: A method of separating and analyzing mixtures of chemical substances by selective adsorption in a column of powder or on a strip of paper.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: laboratory technique
narrower: gas chromatography
related: chromatographic analysis
source: MGH

chromium
type: Concept
definition: A hard grey metallic element that takes a high polish, occurring principally in chromite: used in steel alloys and electroplating to increase hardness and corrosion-resistance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
related: heavy metal
source: CED

chrysophyta
type: Concept
definition: The golden-brown and orange-yellow algae; a diverse group of microscopically small algae which inhabit fresh and salt water, many being planktonic. They contain carotenoid pigments and may be unicellular, colonial, filamentous or amoeboid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: alga
narrower: diatom
source: ALL

emergency lodging
type: Concept
definition: Housing or dwelling space provided for victims of a sudden, urgent and usually unexpected occurrence, especially when harm has been done to human life, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: lodging
source: RHW

sorting at source
type: Concept
definition: The classification and separation of solid waste, according to type, at the location where it is generated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sorburuko hondakin-bereizketa
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9116
source: EEN
source: FFD

church
type: Concept
definition: A building for religious activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (ιερός) ναός @el
broader: community facility
source: CAMB

coastal management
type: Concept
definition: Measures by way of planning, prior approval of works, prohibition of some activities, physical structures, and restoration efforts to protect the coastline against the ravages of nature and haphazard and unplanned developments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land development
source: GILP96

ministry building
type: Concept
definition: Any structure or edifice occupied by a body of top government administrators or other high ranking public officials selected or appointed by a head of state to manage certain aspects of a state's affairs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-residential building
source: BLD

aerial photography
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aireko fotografia
broader: photography

citizen awareness
type: Concept
definition: State of citizens of being aware of their civic obligations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social dynamics
narrower: reasonableness
source: ZINZAN

swamp
type: Concept
definition: A permanently waterlogged area in which there is often associated tree growth, e.g. mangroves in hot climates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: istinga
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
narrower: mangrove swamp
source: WHIT

legislative process
type: Concept
definition: The entire course of action necessary to bring a law, resolution or special act to an authoritative, legally binding status.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislative procedure
narrower: environmental legislative process
related match: Parliamentary procedure
source: RHW

city
type: Concept
definition: Term used generically today to denote any urban form but applied particularly to large urban settlements. There are, however, no agreed definitions to separate a city from the large metropolis or the smaller town.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιστορικό κέντρο (της πόλης) @el
broader: urban area
narrower: new town
narrower: city centre
related: public park
source: GOOD

city centre
type: Concept
definition: The central part of a city.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gradsko središte @hr
broader: city
narrower: inner city
related match: Central business district
source: CAMB

returnable container
type: Concept
definition: Container whose return from the consumer or final user is assured by specific means (separate collection, deposits, etc.), independently on its final destination, in order to be reused, recovered or subjected to specific waste management operations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: container
source: PORT

waste gas dispersion
type: Concept
definition: The process of breaking up and producing a diffuse distribution of the unusable aeriform fluid or suspension of fine particles in air resulting from a manufacturing process or the burning of a substance in an enclosed area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pollutant dispersion
source: OED
source: RHW

intermediate product
type: Concept
definition: Product that has undergone a partial processing and is used as raw material in a successive productive step.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
related match: Intermediate good
source: ZINZAN

mutagenic substance
type: Concept
definition: Agents that induce a permanent change in the genetic material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
source: KOREN

municipal dumping
type: Concept
definition: Place where a town's refuse is disposed of after it has been collected.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gradsko smetlište @hr
broader: dumping
source: PHC

aerobic condition
type: Concept
definition: Life common to the majority of animal and plants species requiring the presence of oxygen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological parameter
related match: Aerobic organism
source: LAROUS

civil air traffic
type: Concept
definition: Air traffic pertaining to or serving the general public, as distinguished from military air traffic.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air traffic

teratogenic substance
type: Concept
definition: Substances capable of causing abnormal development of the embryo and congenital malformations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
source: GRAHAW

civil engineering
type: Concept
definition: The planning, design, construction, and maintenance of fixed structures and ground facilities for industry, transportation, use and control of water or occupancy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engineering
source: MGH

civilian protection
type: Concept
definition: The organization and measures, usually under governmental or other authority depending on the country, aimed at preventing, abating or fighting major emergencies for the protection of the civilian population and property, particularly in wartime.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: herri-babes
broader: protective measure
source: ECHO1

civil law
type: Concept
definition: Law inspired by old Roman Law, the primary feature of which was that laws were written into a collection; codified, and not determined, as is common law, by judges. The principle of civil law is to provide all citizens with an accessible and written collection of the laws which apply to them and which judges must follow.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: civilno pravo @hr
alternative label: privatno pravo @hr
alternative label: rimsko pravo @hr
alternative label: kontinentalno pravo @hr
broader: law branch
narrower: damage
narrower: contract
narrower: liability
source: DUHA

municipal heating network
type: Concept
definition: System of heating all houses in a urban district from a central source (as from hot springs in Iceland or by cooling water from a power station).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: infrastructure
source: PHC

claim for restitution
type: Concept
definition: A legal remedy in which a person or party may demand or assert the right to be restored to a former or original position prior to loss, damage or injury.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ordainketa-eskari
broader: administrative procedure
source: BLD

class action suits law
type: Concept
definition: Legal action initiated by a single person or a few people on behalf of a group with similar claim or claims.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tužba više tužitelja @hr
broader: private law
source: GILP96

classification
type: Concept
definition: An arrangement or organization of persons, items or data elements into groups by reason of common attributes, characteristics, qualities or traits.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κατάταξη @el
alternative label: κατηγοριοποίηση @el
alternative label: διαβάθμιση @el
alternative label: klasifikacija @hr
alternative label: klassificering @sv
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: land use classification
narrower: waste classification
source: RHW

clay
type: Concept
definition: A loose, earthy, extremely fine-grained, natural sediment or soft rock composed primarily of clay-size or colloidal particles and characterized by high plasticity and by a considerable content of clay mineral and subordinate amounts of finely divided quartz, decomposed feldspar, carbonates, ferruginous matter, and other impurities; it forms a plastic, moldable mass when finely ground and mixed with water, retains its shape on drying, and becomes firm, rocklike and permanently hard on heating or firing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πυρίμαχο τούβλο @el
alternative label: lerjord @sv
broader: rock
source: BJGEO

excise
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tax

dipteran
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect
related match: Fly

coniferous wood
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: konifera-egur
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9349

cleaning up
type: Concept
definition: The process of bringing desert, marsh, sea coast or other waste or unproductive land into use or cultivation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εξυγίανση @el
alternative label: uppröjning @sv
broader: intervention on land
related: purification
source: GOOD

cleansing department
type: Concept
definition: A division, usually within municipal government, responsible for providing services that remove dirt, litter or other unsightly materials from city or town property.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: municipal cleansing
source: ISEP

cleansing product
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product
narrower: detergent
narrower: soap

underground railway
type: Concept
definition: An electric passenger railway operated in underground tunnels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurpeko trenbide
broader: railway
source: CED

government contracting
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public contract
related match: Government procurement in the United States

aerobic process
type: Concept
definition: A process requiring the presence of oxygen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical process
source: MGH

clean technology
type: Concept
definition: Industrial process which causes little or no pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αντιρρυπαντική τεχνολογία @el
broader: environmental technology
related: clean air car
source: PHC

genetically modified organism
type: Concept
definition: An organism that has undergone external processes by which its basic set of genes has been altered.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product
related: release of organisms
related: organism
source: LEE

pleasure cruising
type: Concept
definition: The activity of rowing, sailing or using a boat over a particular region of water, for amusement or enjoyment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic on water
source: RHW

surface active compound
type: Concept
definition: Any soluble substance composed of two or more unlike atoms held together by chemical bonds that reduces interfacial tension between liquids or a liquid and a solid, often used as detergents, wetting agents and emulsifiers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
related match: Surfactant
source: APD
source: WQA

climate
type: Concept
definition: The average weather condition in a region of the world. Many aspects of the Earth's geography affect the climate. Equatorial, or low, latitudes are hotter than the polar latitudes because of the angle at which the rays of sunlight arrive at the Earth's surface. The difference in temperature at the equator and at the poles has an influence on the global circulation of huge masses of air. Cool air at the poles sinks and spreads along the surface of the Earth towards the equator. Cool air forces its way under the lower density warmer air in the lower regions, pushing the lighter air up and toward the poles, where it will cool and descend.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: podneblje @hr
narrower: climate type
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9269
narrower: microclimate
narrower: climatic factor
narrower: meteorological phenomenon
narrower: climatic change
related: climatic effect
related: climatic experiment
related: seasonal variation
related: abiotic factor
related: climatic zone
source: WRIGHT

pH-value
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acidity degree
related match: PH

climatic effect
type: Concept
definition: Climate has a central influence on many human needs and activities, such as agriculture, housing, human health, water resources, and energy use. The influence of climate on vegetation and soil type is so strong that the earliest climate classification schemes where often based more on these factors than on the meteorological variables. While technology can be used to mitigate the effects of unfavorable climatic conditions, climate fluctuations that result in significant departures from normal cause serious problems for modern industrialized societies as much as for primitive ones. The goals of climatology are to provide a comprehensive description of the Earth's climate, to understand its features in terms of fundamental physical principles, and to develop models of the Earth's climate that will allow the prediction of future changes that may result from natural and human causes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klimaren eragin
alternative label: klimatski utjecaji @hr
broader: effect
narrower: microclimate effect
narrower: climatic alteration
narrower: man-made climate change
narrower: global warming
related: climate
source: PARCOR

craft industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eskulangintzaren industria
broader: craft

animal remain
type: Concept
definition: Any substances or components left over from animal life, including body parts and, later, decomposed materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal waste
source: RHW

climate protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, procedures or installations undertaken to prevent or reduce harm from pollution to natural weather conditions or patterns, including the prevailing temperature, atmospheric composition and precipitation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klimaren zaintza
broader: environmental protection
related match: Global warming
source: DOE
source: RHW

chart (nautical)
type: Concept
definition: A map for navigation that delineates a portion of the sea, indicating the outline of the coasts and the position of rocks, sandbanks and other parts of a sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: map
source: OED

climate resource
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural resource

nature conservation policy
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natura babesteko politika
broader: conservation policy

climate type
type: Concept
definition: Weather conditions typical of areas roughly corresponding to lines of latitude.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tip klime @hr
alternative label: typ podnebia @sk
broader: climate
narrower: desert climate
narrower: oceanic climate
narrower: tropical climate
narrower: continental climate
narrower: temperate climate
narrower: equatorial climate
source: CED

climatic alteration
type: Concept
definition: The slow variation of climatic characteristics over time at a given place. This may be indicated by the geological record in the long term, by changes in the landforms in the intermediate term, and by vegetation changes in the short term.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climatic effect
related: climatic change
source: WHIT

climatic change
type: Concept
definition: The long-term fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and all other aspects of the Earth's climate. External processes, such as solar-irradiance variations, variations of the Earth's orbital parameters (eccentricity, precession, and inclination), lithosphere motions, and volcanic activity, are factors in climatic variation. Internal variations of the climate system, e.g., changes in the abundance of greenhouse gases, also may produce fluctuations of sufficient magnitude and variability to explain observed climate change through the feedback processes interrelating the components of the climate system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: promjena klime @hr
hidden label: climate change @en
broader: climate
related: deforestation
related: climatic alteration
related: man-made climate change
related match: Climate change
source: GSFC

environmental sanitation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: intervention on land
narrower: urban sanitation

climatic experiment
type: Concept
definition: Experiments conducted to estimate future climatic conditions employing modelling of the physical processes underlying climatic change and variability; also, assessments are required of uncertain future man-made inputs such as increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide and other green-house gases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: esperimentu klimatiko
alternative label: klimatski eksperiment @hr
broader: simulation
related: climate
source: YOUNG

climatic factor
type: Concept
definition: Physical conditions that determine the climate in a given area, e.g. latitude, altitude, ocean streams, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: faktore klimatiko
alternative label: klimatski faktor @hr
broader: climate
narrower: atmospheric humidity
narrower: air temperature
source: UNUN

climatic zone
type: Concept
definition: A belt of the earth's surface within which the climate is generally homogeneous in some respect; an elemental region of a simple climatic classification.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klima-zona
broader: land
narrower: tropics
narrower: polar region
related: climate
related match: Climate
source: MGH

climatology
type: Concept
definition: That branch of meteorology concerned with the mean physical state of the atmosphere together with its statistical variations in both space and time as reflected in the weather behaviour over a period of many years.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric science
narrower: microclimatology
narrower: bioclimatology
narrower: palaeoclimatology
source: MGH

aerobiology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the atmospheric dispersal of airborne fungus spores, pollen grains, and microorganisms; and, more broadly, of airborne propagules of algae and protozoans, minute insects such as aphids, and pollution gases and particles which exert specific biologic effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
related: pollen
source: MGH

climax
type: Concept
definition: A botanical term referring to the terminal community said to be achieved when a sere (a sequential development of a plant community or group of plant communities on the same site over a period of time) achieves dynamic equilibrium with its environment and in particular with its prevailing climate. Each of the world's major vegetation climaxes is equivalent to a biome. Many botanists believe that climate is the master factor in a plant environment and that even if several types of plant succession occur in an area they will all tend to converge towards a climax form of vegetation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κορύφωση @el
alternative label: οργασμός @el
alternative label: κλίμακα @el
alternative label: klimaks @hr
alternative label: höjdpukt @sv
broader: ecological parameter
source: WHIT

climbing plant (wall)
type: Concept
definition: A plant that lacks rigidity and grows upwards by twining, scrambling, or clinging with tendrils and suckers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aihen
alternative label: biljka penjačica @hr
broader: plant (biology)
related match: Vine
source: CED

clinical symptom
type: Concept
definition: Any objective evidence of disease or of a patient's condition founded on clinical observation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disease
broader: health care
related match: Symptom
source: RRDA

green fiscal instrument
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental economy issue

mining
type: Concept
definition: The act, process or industry of extracting coal, ores, etc. from the earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: extraction
narrower: sea bed mining
narrower: deep sea mining
narrower: lignite mining
narrower: strip mining
narrower: peat extraction
narrower: offshore mining
narrower: rock salt mining
narrower: coal mining
narrower: mineral extraction
narrower: quarrying
narrower: opencast mining
narrower: gravel extraction
source: CED

cloning
type: Concept
definition: The production of genetically identical individuals from a single parent. Cloning plants usually involves plant cell culture. Cloning animals is more difficult and relays on some manipulation of their normal reproductive cycle. A clone is a group of organisms of identical genetic constitution, unless mutation occurs, produced from a single individual by asexual reproduction, parthenogenesis or apomixis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: genetic engineering
source: BIOTAZ

Black Sea
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Eastern Europe

Caspian Sea
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9294

Mediterranean Sea
type: Concept
definition: The largest inland sea between Europe, Africa and Asia, linked to the Atlantic Ocean at its western end by the Strait of Gibraltar, including the Tyrrhenian, Adriatic, Aegean and Ionian seas, and major islands such as Sicily, Sardina, Corsica, Crete, Malta and Cyprus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Mediterranean Area
source: RHW

indigenous knowledge
type: Concept
definition: Local knowledge that is unique to a given culture or society, which is the basis for local-level decision making in agriculture, health care, education and other matters of concern in rural communities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traditional culture
related match: Traditional knowledge
source: WIK

professional society
type: Concept
definition: A group of persons engaged in the same profession, business, trade or craft that is organized or formally structured to attain common ends.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sozietate profesional
broader: firm
related match: Professional association
source: RHW

subject
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aihe @fi
narrower: in situ
narrower: off-site

persistant organic pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Organic pollutants that do not break down chemically and remain in the environment. Pollutants with higher persistence may produce more harmful environmental effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile organiko iraunkor
broader: organic pollutant
related: weakly degradable substance
related match: Persistent organic pollutant
source: LANDY

sediment mobilisation
type: Concept
definition: The transport or setting in motion by wind or water of insoluble particulate matter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sedimentuen mobilizazio
broader: freshwater degradation
source: APD
source: RHW

habitat destruction
type: Concept
definition: Destruction of wildlife habitats by increasing pressure for land by fast-growing human populations, pollution and over-exploitation. Whole species or populations of plants and animals have disappeared causing a loss of genetic resource that is not only regrettable from an aesthetic or philosophical point of view but also threatens man's food supply. Habitat loss takes several forms: outright loss of areas used by wild species; degradation, for example, from vegetation removal and erosion, which deprive native species of food, shelter, and breeding areas; and fragmentation, when native species are squeezed onto small patches of undisturbed land surrounded by areas cleared for agriculture and other purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: habitat-suntsidura
broader: effect on the environment
source: WPR
source: WRES

land-based activity
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific research

physical alteration
type: Concept
definition: Any change in a body or substance that does not involve an alteration in its chemical composition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: effect on the environment
source: UVAROV

sectoral assessment
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ebaluazio sektorial
broader: environmental assessment

information infrastructure
type: Concept
definition: The basic, underlying framework and features of a communications system supporting the exchange of knowledge, including hardware, software and transmission media.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
narrower: mailing list
source: RHW
source: WIC

geo-referenced information
type: Concept
definition: Data delimiting a given object, either physical or conceptual, in terms of its spatial relationship to the land, usually consisting of points, lines, areas or volumes defined in terms of some coordinate system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
related: geo-referenced data
source: GIS

data centre
type: Concept
definition: An organization established primarily to acquire, analyze, process, store, retrieve, and disseminate one or more types of data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: datu-lanketarako zentro
broader: documentation centre
related match: Data center
source: MGH

internet service provider
type: Concept
definition: A business or organization that supplies connections to a part of the Internet, often through telephone lines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: on-line service
related: Internet
source: TWI

closing down
type: Concept
definition: The cessation, discontinuation or breaking-off of a business transaction, lease, contract or employment arrangement, usually before its anticipated or stipulated end.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διακοπή λειτουργίας @el
alternative label: παύση δραστηριοτήτων @el
alternative label: ixte
broader: sanction
narrower: closing down of firm
source: BLD

electronic information network
type: Concept
definition: A system of interrelated computer and telecommunications devices linked to permit the exchange of data in digital or analog signals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information network
source: WIC

wide area network
type: Concept
definition: A system of interrelated computer and telecommunications devices linking two or more computers separated by a great distance for the exchange of electronic data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information network
source: WIC

Internet
type: Concept
definition: A global consortium of local computer networks that uses the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) protocol to connect machines to each other, providing access to the World Wide Web, Gopher, electronic mail, remote login and file transfer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
narrower: bulletin board system
narrower: hypertext
narrower: World Wide Web
narrower: homepage
narrower: electronic mail
narrower: newsgroup
related: internet search service
related: internet service provider
source: WON

World Wide Web
type: Concept
definition: A graphical, interactive, hypertext information system that is cross-platform and can be run locally or over the global Internet. The Web consists of Web servers offering pages of information to Web browsers who view and interact with the pages. Pages can contain formatted text, background colors, graphics, as well as audio and video clips. Simple links in a Web page can cause the browser to jump to a different part of the same page or to a page on a Web server halfway around the world. Web pages can be used to send mail, read news, and download files. A Web address is called a URL.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: världsväv @sv
alternative label: www @sv
broader: Internet
source: CAMER

homepage
type: Concept
definition: The preset document that is displayed after starting a World Wide Web browser, or the main World Wide Web document in a series of related documents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Internet
related match: Home page
source: UNM
source: WIC

hypertext
type: Concept
definition: The organization of information units typically containing visible links that users can select or click with a mouse pointer or some other computer device to automatically retrieve or display other documents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Internet
source: TWI
source: WIC

bulletin board system
type: Concept
definition: An assemblage of computer hardware and software that can be linked by computer modem dialing for the purpose of sharing or exchanging messages or other files.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Internet
source: WIC

newsgroup
type: Concept
definition: A discussion group on a specific topic maintained on a computer network, frequently on the Internet.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eztabaida-talde
broader: Internet
related match: Usenet newsgroup
source: ISEP
source: WIC

electronic mail
type: Concept
definition: Information or computer stored messages that are transmitted or exchanged from one computer terminal to another, through telecommunication.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Internet
related match: Email
source: CED
source: WIC

multimedia technology
type: Concept
definition: Any technical means used to combine text, sound, still or animated images and video in computers and electronic products, often allowing audience interactivity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information technology
source: ENC
source: WIS

closing down of firm
type: Concept
definition: The termination or shutdown, temporary or permanent, of a corporation, factory or some other business organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zatvaranje poduzeća @hr
broader: closing down
source: RHW

audio-visual presentation
type: Concept
definition: An exhibition, performance, demonstration or lecture utilizing communication media directed at both the sense of sight and the sense of hearing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: audiovisual media
source: RHW

information kit
type: Concept
definition: A set or collection of materials compiled to convey knowledge on some subject and usually placed in some type of container.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: means of communication
source: RHW

exhibit
type: Concept
definition: A display of an object or collection of objects for general dissemination of information, aesthetic value or entertainment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποδεικτικό στοιχείο @el
alternative label: ikusgai
alternative label: antaa lääkettä @fi
broader: show
source: RHW

newsletter
type: Concept
definition: A printed periodical bulletin circulated to members of a group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nyhetsbrev @sv
broader: document type
source: CED

radio programme
type: Concept
definition: A performance or production transmitted in sound signals with electromagnetic waves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radio
related match: Radio programming
source: MHD

television programme
type: Concept
definition: A performance or production transmitted in audiovisual signals with electromagnetic waves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: television
related match: Television program
source: MHD

public relations
type: Concept
definition: The methods and activities employed by an individual, organization, corporation, or government to promote a favourable relationship with the public.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jendarteko harremanak
broader: public information

bibliographic information system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated assemblage of people, devices or other resources organized for the exchange of data pertaining to the history, physical description, comparison, and classification of books and other works.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information system
source: RHW

bibliographic information
type: Concept
definition: Data pertaining to the history, physical description, comparison, and classification of books and other works.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bibliografiari buruzko informazio
broader: information
source: RHW

referral information system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated assemblage of people, devices or other resources organized to provide directions leading people to sources known to provide knowledge or assistance on a specified topic or request.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information system
source: RHW

referral information
type: Concept
definition: Directions leading someone to another source that is known to provide knowledge or assistance on the specified topic or request.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
source: RHW

statistical information system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated assemblage of people, devices or other resources enabling the exchange of numerical data that has been collected, classified or interpreted for analysis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information system
source: RHW

statistical information
type: Concept
definition: Knowledge pertaining to the collection, classification, analysis and interpretation of numerical data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
source: ISEP
source: RHW

library service
type: Concept
definition: The duties of an establishment, or a public institution, charged with the care and organizing of a collection of printed and other materials, and the duty of interpreting such materials to meet the informational, cultural, educational, recreational or research needs of its clients.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public service
narrower: document lending
narrower: reference service
narrower: indexing of documentation
narrower: CD-ROM search service
narrower: internet search service
narrower: inter-library loan
source: LFS
source: OED

reference service
type: Concept
definition: The provision of aid by library staff trained to interpret library materials and library organizational structures to meet the informational, educational, cultural, recreational or research needs of the library's clients.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: library service
source: LFS
source: OED

indexing of documentation
type: Concept
definition: A service which creates a special contents list, containing titles, authors, abstracts, subject headings and other information, to describe a large number of publications and to be used in searchable, machine-readable (or printed) look-up tables.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: library service
related: documentation
source: RHW

document lending
type: Concept
definition: The service provided by a library in which the library's clients are temporarily allowed to use books and other printed materials outside the library.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: agiri-mailegu
broader: library service
source: RHW

inter-library loan
type: Concept
definition: The service provided by one library in which a second library's clients are temporarily allowed to use books and other printed materials belonging to the first library; and consequently the system providing rules and infrastructure for this service to a group of libraries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: library service
related match: Interlibrary loan
source: RHW

selective dissemination of information
type: Concept
definition: A service provided by a library or other agency that periodically notifies users of new publications, report literature or other data sources in subjects in which the user has specified an interest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information exchange
source: CCL

clothing
type: Concept
definition: Clothes considered as a group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρουχισμός @el
alternative label: ενδύματα @el
alternative label: ιματισμός @el
alternative label: ενδυμασία @el
alternative label: arropak
broader: industrial product
source: AMHER

CD-ROM search service
type: Concept
definition: The provision of special aid by library staff trained to query bibliographic or other information contained on an electronic storage medium, usually to meet the research needs of the library's clients.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: library service
source: LFS
source: RHW

internet search service
type: Concept
definition: The provision of special aid by library staff trained to query bibliographic or other information contained on the Internet, a large distributed electronic system, usually to meet the research needs of the library's clients.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: library service
related: Internet
source: LFS
source: RHW

information clearing-house
type: Concept
definition: A central institution or agency for the collection, maintenance, and distribution of materials or data compiled to convey knowledge on some subject.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information source
source: RHW

decision-support system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated assemblage of people, devices or other resources that analyzes, typically, business data and presents it so that users can make business decisions more easily.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information system
source: WIC

software development
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: innovation
related: software

information exchange
type: Concept
definition: A reciprocal transference of data between two or more parties for the purpose of enhancing knowledge of the participants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
narrower: selective dissemination of information
narrower: data exchange
related: on-line service
related: information technology
source: RHW

relational database
type: Concept
definition: A collection of digital information items organized as a set of formally described tables from which the information can be accessed or reassembled in different ways without reorganizing the tables.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: data base
source: WIC

multispectral scanner
type: Concept
definition: A remote sensing term referring to a scanning radiometer that simultaneously acquires images in various wavebands at the same time. A multispectral scanner can be carried aboard an aircraft or satellite. The Landsat multispectral scanner records images in four wavebands of visible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation to enable objects with different reflectance properties to be distinguished.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: banda anitzeko eskaner
broader: equipment
source: WHIT

resolution (parameter)
type: Concept
definition: A remote sensing term which has three separate applications: a) spatial resolution, which refers to the ability of a sensor to distinguish between objects that are spatially close to each other. It is a measure of the smallest angular or linear separation between two objects. b) Spectral resolution which refers to the ability of a sensor to distinguish between objects which are spectrally similar. It is a measure of both the discreteness of wavebands and the sensitivity of the sensor to distinguish between electromagnetic radiation intensity levels. c) Thermal resolution which refers to the ability of a sensor to distinguish between objects with a similar temperature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
source: WHIT

clothing industry
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος ένδυσης @el
alternative label: konfekcijska industrija @hr
broader: industry

pixel
type: Concept
definition: A contraction of the words 'picture element'. The smallest unit of information in an image or raster map. Referred to as a resolution cell in an image or grid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bildpunkt @sv
broader: parameter
source: JEFF

spectral band
type: Concept
definition: Closely grouped bands of lines characteristic of molecular gases of chemical compounds (spectroscopy).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radiation
related match: Spectral bands
source: DICCHE

scene identification
type: Concept
definition: A numeric string which uniquely identifies an image component of a geographical information system database.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: GIS digital technique
source: MTE

image processing digital system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated assemblage of computer devices designed to capture and manipulate pictures stored as data in discrete, quantized units or digits.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geographic information system
source: GIS

digital image processing technique
type: Concept
definition: Techniques employed in the calibration of image data, the correction or reduction of errors occurring during capture or transmission of the data and in various types of image enhancement-operations which increase the ability of the analyst to recognize features of interest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: image processing
narrower: image filtering
narrower: geometric correction
narrower: image enhancement
related: remote sensing
source: YOUNG

pattern recognition
type: Concept
definition: A remote sensing term referring to an automated process through which unidentified patterns can be classified into a limited number of discrete classes through comparison with other class-defining patterns or characteristics. Pattern recognition is an essential part of the classification of remotely sensed images and is used as an aid to image interpretation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: formen ezagutze
broader: GIS digital technique
source: WHIT

mosaic
type: Concept
definition: A composite photograph consisting of separate aerial photographs of overlapping surface areas, producing an overall image of a surface area too large to be depicted in a single aerial photograph.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μωσαΐκωση @el
broader: photograph
source: OED
source: WHIT

image filtering
type: Concept
definition: A remote sensing term related to image enhancement that refers to the removal of a spatial component of electromagnetic radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: digital image processing technique
source: WHIT

image enhancement
type: Concept
definition: In remote sensing, the filtering of data and other processes to manipulate pixels to produce an image that accentuates features of interest or visual interpretation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: digital image processing technique
related match: Image editing
source: DUNSTE

geometric correction
type: Concept
definition: A remote sensing term referring to the adjustment of an image for geometric errors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: digital image processing technique
source: DWEB

cloud
type: Concept
definition: Suspensions of minute water droplets or ice crystals produced by the condensation of water vapour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hodei
broader: meteorological phenomenon
source: ZINZAN

image registration
type: Concept
definition: The process of linking map coordinates to control points with known earth-surface coordinates. Related term: coordinate systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: GIS digital technique
source: FORUMT

image classification
type: Concept
definition: Processing techniques which apply quantitative methods to the values in a digital yield or remotely sensed scene to group pixels with similar digital number values into feature classes or categories.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: GIS digital technique
narrower: supervised image classification
narrower: unsupervised image classification
source: DYNAMO

supervised image classification
type: Concept
definition: A graphical representation processing technique by which an analyst selects groups of pixels, determines their spectral response signature and trains a computer system to recognize pixels based on this spectral response pattern.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: image classification
source: TWS

unsupervised image classification
type: Concept
definition: Unsupervised classification is a kind of classification which takes place with minimum input from the operator; no training sample is available and subdivision of the feature space is achieved by identifying natural groupings of the measurement vectors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: image classification
source: GEOG
source: YOUNG

colour composition
type: Concept
definition: A remote-sensing term referring to the process of assigning different colours to different spectral bands. The colour picture formed by this process is called a "colour composite" (a colour image produced through optical combination of multiband images by projection through filters) and is produced by assigning a colour to an image of the Earth's surface recorded in a particular waveband. For a Landsat colour composite, the green waveband is coloured blue, the red waveband is coloured green and the infrared waveband is coloured red. This produces an image closely approximating a false colour photograph. Colour composite images are easier to interpret than separate images recording different wavebands. US national experimental crop inventories are based upon visual interpretation of Landsat colour composites.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: osaera kromatiko
broader: GIS digital technique
source: RRDA
source: WHIT

atmospheric correction
type: Concept
definition: The removal from the remotely sensed data of the atmospheric effects caused by the scattering and absorption of sunlight by particles; the removal of these effects improves not only the quality of the observed earth surface imaging but also the accuracy of classification of the ground objects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: GIS digital technique
source: YOUNG

GIS digital system
type: Concept
definition: An organized collection of computer hardware, software, geographic data, and personnel designed to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and display all forms of geographically referenced information that can be drawn from different sources, both statistical and mapped.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geographic information system
source: GILP96
source: SFRC

GIS digital format
type: Concept
definition: The digital form of data collected by remote sensing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geo-referenced data
source: YOUNG

vector
type: Concept
definition: One of the two major types of internal data organization used in GIS. Vector systems are based primarily on coordinate geometry and take advantage of the convenient division of spatial data into point, line, and polygon types. Vector structures are especially suited to storing definitions of spatial objects for which sharp boundaries exist or can be imposed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διάνυσμα @el
alternative label: tartunnanlevittäjä @fi
alternative label: smittbärare @sv
alternative label: smittspridare @sv
broader: parameter
source: YOUNG

point
type: Concept
definition: A position on a reference system determined by a survey.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σταθμός @el
alternative label: στιγμή @el
alternative label: αιχμή @el
alternative label: βαθμός @el
alternative label: βελόνα @el
broader: parameter
source: WHIT

line
type: Concept
definition: Term used in GIS technologies in the vector type of internal data organization: spatial data are divided into point, line and polygon types. In most cases, point entities (nodes) are specified directly as coordinate pairs, with lines (arcs or edges) represented as chains of points. Regions are similarly defined in terms of the lines which form their boundaries. Some vector GIS store information in the form of points, line segments and point pairs; others maintain closed lists of points defining polygon regions. Vector structures are especially suited to storing definitions of spatial objects for which sharp boundaries exist or can be imposed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
source: YOUNG

polygon
type: Concept
definition: In the vector type of GIS internal data organization spatial data are conveniently divided into point, line and polygon types. Some vector GIS store information in the form of points, line segments and point pairs; others maintain close lists of points defining polygon regions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
source: YOUNG

raster
type: Concept
definition: One of the two major types of internal data organization used in GIS. Raster systems superimpose a regular grid over the area of interest and associate each cell-or pixel, to use the image term- with one or more data records. The values associated with each grid cell may represent either real values or any scalar or nominal data values associated with the cell coordinates. Among the strengths of the raster method is its ability to accept data directly from remote sensing systems and to represent transitional information. Raster systems tend to be relatively storage-intensive and this imposes practical limits on the area of coverage, the resolution, or both of these. Capacity constraints are, however, becoming less significant as computer memory and storage become more powerful and as data compression techniques become more readily available.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πλέγμα σάρωσης @el
alternative label: ψηφιδοπλέγμα @el
broader: parameter
source: YOUNG

attribute
type: Concept
definition: A distinctive feature of an object. In mapping and GIS applications, the objects are points, lines, or polygons that represent features such as sampling locations, section corners (points); roads and streams (lines); lakes, forest and soil types (polygons). These attributes can be further divided into classes such as tree species Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine) for forest types and paved and gravel for road types. Multiple attributes are generally associated with objects that are located on a single map layer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (ιδιο)χαρακτηριστικό (γνώρισμα) @el
alternative label: tuntomerkki @fi
broader: parameter
source: FORUMT

GIS digital technique
type: Concept
definition: The transformation to digital form of data collected by remote sensing, traditional field and documentary methods and of existing historical data such as paper maps, charts, and publications.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monitoring technique
narrower: gridding
narrower: colour composition
narrower: image registration
narrower: scene identification
narrower: pattern recognition
narrower: interpolation
narrower: atmospheric correction
narrower: vector to raster
narrower: raster to vector
narrower: image classification
source: YOUNG

interpolation
type: Concept
definition: A process used to estimate an intermediate value of one (dependent) variable which is a function of a second (independent) variable when values of the dependent variable corresponding to several discrete values of the independent variable are known.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: GIS digital technique
source: MGH

gridding
type: Concept
definition: A system of uniformly spaced perpendicular lines and horizontal lines running north and south, and east and west on a map, chart, or aerial photograph; used in locating points.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τετραγωνισμός @el
alternative label: δημιουργία καννάβου @el
broader: GIS digital technique
source: MGH

raster to vector
type: Concept
definition: Methods to convert remotely sensed raster data to vector format. A number of raster-to-vector and vector-to-raster conversion procedures have been developed and introduced to current releases of many GIS packages.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: GIS digital technique
related match: Vectorization (computer graphics)
source: YOUNG

vector to raster
type: Concept
definition: Methods to convert remotely sensed raster data to vector format. A number of vector-to-raster and raster-to-vector conversion procedures have been developed and introduced to current releases of many GIS packages.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: GIS digital technique
related match: Rasterisation
source: YOUNG

national boundary
type: Concept
definition: The line demarcating recognized limits of established political units.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/963
narrower: sub-national boundary
related match: Border
source: GOOD

sub-national boundary
type: Concept
definition: The line demarcating a territory located within the limits of a State.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: national boundary
narrower: administrative boundary
source: GOOD

administrative boundary
type: Concept
definition: A limit or border of a geographic area under the jurisdiction of some governmental or managerial entity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: όρια διοίκησης @el
broader: sub-national boundary
source: RHW

geo-referenced data
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: GIS datu
broader: environmental data
narrower: GIS digital format
narrower: land cover
related: geo-referenced information
related: geographic information system

geographical projection
type: Concept
definition: A representation of the globe constructed on a plane with lines representative of and corresponding to the meridians and parallels of the curved surface of the earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document type
narrower: map
related match: Equirectangular projection
source: GIS
source: RHW

co-ordinate system
type: Concept
definition: A reference system used to measure horizontal and vertical distances on a planimetric map. A coordinate system is usually defined by a map projection, a spheroid of reference, a datum, one or more standard parallels, a central meridian, and possible shifts in the x- and y-directions to locate x, y positions of point, line, and area features. A common coordinate system is used to spatially register geographic data for the same area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
narrower: longitude
narrower: latitude
related match: Coordinate system
source: ESRI

latitude
type: Concept
definition: An angular distance in degrees north or south of the equator (latitude 0°), equal to the angle subtended at the centre of the globe by the meridian between the equator and the point in question.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: breddgrad @sv
broader: co-ordinate system
source: CED

longitude
type: Concept
definition: Distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian at 0° measured by the angle between the plane of the prime meridian and that of the meridian through the point in question, or by the corresponding time difference.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: längd @sv
broader: co-ordinate system
source: CED

remote sensing centre
type: Concept
definition: Centre where remote sensing data are stored, handled and analyzed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: research centre
source: GILP96

GIS laboratory
type: Concept
definition: A laboratory where GIS data drawn from different sources are stored, handled, analyzed and updated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: laboratory
source: GILP96

on-line service
type: Concept
definition: Service providing an active connection with a communications network.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: on line zerbitzu
alternative label: direkttjänst @sv
broader: public service
narrower: internet service provider
related: information exchange
source: DBMDE

underground dump
type: Concept
definition: Any subterranean or below-ground site in which solid, or other, waste is deposited without environmental controls.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: landfill
source: TOE

business economics
type: Concept
definition: The art of purchasing and selling goods from an economics perspective or a perspective involving the scientific study of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economy
related: economics
source: RHW

deterrence
type: Concept
definition: Punishment aiming at deterring the criminal from repeating his offences or deterring others from committing similar acts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: estoaine @fi
alternative label: avskräckningsmedel @sv
alternative label: avskräckning @sv
broader: policy instrument
narrower: deterrent
source: DICLAW

old hazardous site
type: Concept
definition: Abandoned or disused dumps and refuse tips, stockpiles and landfill sites, disused petrol service stations, closed-down coking plants and former industrial and commercial premises, etc., from which considerable risks not only to the soil and to the groundwater, but also to humans and nature, can arise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land setup
related: abandoned industrial site
source: AZENP

outer space (allocation plan)
type: Concept
definition: Area out of closed settlements or building.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: inguru (esleipen-plan)
scope note: area out of closed settlements or building @en
broader: urban settlement
source: RRDA

deep sea mining
type: Concept
definition: The most valuable of the marine mineral resources is petroleum. About 15% of the world's oil is produced offshore, and extraction capabilities are advancing. One of the largest environmental impacts of deep sea mining are discharged sediment plumes which disperse with ocean currents and thus may negatively influence the marine ecosystem. Coal deposits known as extensions of land deposits , are mined under the sea floor in Japan and England.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mining
source: ERIB
source: PARCOR

semi-liquid manure
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailu erdilikido
broader: fertiliser

electrical goods industry
type: Concept
definition: Economic activity for manufacturing electric material and devices.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electrical industry
source: RRDA

services providing company
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: services
narrower: hotel industry

restoration of water
type: Concept
definition: Any treatment process in which contaminated water is cleansed or corrected, particularly by use of a pump-and-treat approach.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9246
source: GHT
source: OSW

local heat supply
type: Concept
definition: The provision of heating fuel, coal or other heating source materials, or the amount of heating capacity, for the use of a specific local community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: heat supply
narrower: teleheating
source: ISEP

forwarding agent
type: Concept
definition: A person or business that specializes in the shipment and receiving of goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: services
related match: Forwarding agent (philately)
source: OED

waste avoidance
type: Concept
definition: All measures by which production and consumption processes are caused to generate less (or no waste), or to generate only those wastes that can be treated without causing problems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sorburuko hondakin-murrizketa
broader: waste income
related: reuse of materials

natural independence law
type: Concept
definition: The inviolable, moral claim of non-human organisms and their habitats to exist unharmed or unchanged by human activity as postulated by certain environmental ethicists.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental legislation
source: HRE

offence against the environment
type: Concept
definition: Unlawful acts against the environment, such as water contamination, hazardous waste disposal, air contamination, unpermitted installation of plants, oil spills, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: crime
source: AZENP

provincial/regional law (D)
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislation

provincial/regional authority (D)
type: Concept
definition: The power of a government agency or its administrators to administer and implement laws and government policies applicable to a specific political subdivision or geographical area within the state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: authority body
source: BLD

international transaction
type: Concept
definition: Any agreement or act involving two or more countries in which business dealings, negotiations or other affairs are settled or concluded.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international relations
source: BLD

road setting
type: Concept
definition: The establishing of boulevards, turnpikes, highways and other routes on land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: route planning
source: RHW

air quality monitoring
type: Concept
definition: Regular checking and recording of air quality in a given area. The following pollutants must be considered: carbon monoxide, benzene, butadiene, lead, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and particulates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: airearen kalitatearen kontrol
broader: atmospheric monitoring
source: DOCMMU

citizen initiative
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: active participation
related: public action
related match: Initiative

area under stress
type: Concept
definition: Areas that are flooded by rising number of tourists or other kinds of pressure and suffer from insufficient or inappropriate planning and management. Damage frequently arises from a lack of understanding or interest of the value of such sites.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: estresa jasaten duen eremu
broader: hazard area
source: WPR

storage (process)
type: Concept
definition: A series of actions undertaken to deposit or hold goods, materials or waste in some physical location, as in a facility, container, tank or dumping site.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metatze (energia)
scope note: general term used for energy, heat, pollutants, also within the meaning of accumulation @en
broader: industrial process
narrower: agricultural storage
narrower: food storage
narrower: stocking
narrower: energy storage
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9118
narrower: temporary storage
narrower: underground storage
source: RHW

mountain refuge
type: Concept
definition: Any shelter or protection from distress or danger located in a predominantly mountainous area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tourist facility
source: RHW

space research
type: Concept
definition: Research involving studies of all aspects of environmental conditions beyond the atmosphere of the earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific research
related match: Space science
source: MGH

red list
type: Concept
definition: The series of publications produced by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). They provide an inventory on the threat to rare plants and animal species. Information includes status, geographical distribution, population size, habitat and breeding rate. The books also contain the conservation measures, if any, that have been taken to protect the species. There are five categories of rarity status: endangered species; vulnerable organisms, which are those unlikely to adapt to major environmental effects; rare organisms, which are those at risk because there are few of them in the world, such as plants which only grow on mountain peaks or on islands; out of danger species, which were formerly in the above categories, but have had the threat removed because of conservation actions; and indeterminate species, which are the plants and animals probably at risk, although not enough is known about them to assess their status.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uhanalaisten lajien luettelo @fi
broader: environmental report
related match: IUCN Red List
source: WRIGHT

coagulation
type: Concept
definition: A separation or precipitation from a dispersed state of suspensoid particles resulting from their growth; may result from prolonged heating, addition of an electrolyte, or from a condensation reaction between solute and solvent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: koagulazio
broader: physicochemical process
source: MGH

coal
type: Concept
definition: The natural, rocklike, brown to black derivative of forest-type plant material, usually accumulated in peat beds and progressively compressed and indurated until it is finally altered in to graphite-like material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κάρβουνο @el
alternative label: harrikatz
broader: fossil fuel
narrower: charcoal
narrower: coke
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/926
related: coal mining
source: MGH

coal-based energy
type: Concept
definition: Power generated by the steam raised by burning coal in fire-tube or water-tube boilers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: conventional energy
related: coal-fired power plant
source: PARCOR

insulating material
type: Concept
definition: Material that prevents or reduces the transmission of electricity, heat, or sound to or from a body, device or region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: building material
narrower: sound insulation material
narrower: mineral fibre
source: CED

decantation
type: Concept
definition: Sizing or classifying particulate matter by suspension in a fluid (liquid or gas), the larger particulates tending to separate by sinking.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
source: ECHO2

coal-fired power plant
type: Concept
definition: Power plant which is fuelled by coal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electric power plant
related: coal-based energy
related match: Fossil fuel power station
source: CAMB

coal gasification
type: Concept
definition: Process of conversion of coal to a gaseous product which is used as fuel in electric power stations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: gasification
source: ECSK

coal liquefaction
type: Concept
definition: The process of preparing a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons by destructive distillation of coal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical treatment
source: MGH

coal mining
type: Concept
definition: The technical and mechanical job of removing coal from the earth and preparing it for market.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: harrikatz-meatze
broader: mining
related: coal
source: MGH

coal refining
type: Concept
definition: The processing of coal to remove impurities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical treatment
related: refining
related: gasification
source: PHC

aerodynamic noise
type: Concept
definition: Acoustic noise caused by turbulent airflow over the surface of a body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: noise type
source: MGH

coal technology
type: Concept
definition: The processing of coal to make gaseous and liquid fuels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy technology
source: ENVAR

coast
type: Concept
definition: A line or zone where the land meets the sea or some other large expanse of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsasbazter
broader: landform
narrower: seashore
narrower: headland (geography)
narrower: gulf
narrower: cliff
narrower: cove
related: coastal area
source: CED

coastal area
type: Concept
definition: The areas of land and sea bordering the shoreline and extending seaward through the breaker zone.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural area
narrower: lagoon
narrower: intertidal zone
narrower: salina
narrower: littoral
related: coast
source: BJGEO

coastal development
type: Concept
definition: Concentration of human settlements, infrastructures and economical activities along the coasts, being these areas very favourable for trade, communication and marine resources exploitation; the impact of the accelerated population growth and of the industrial and touristic development in these areas has caused the disruption of the ecological integrity of the coastal zones.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban development
related: polder
related: coast protection
source: DIFID
source: RRDA

coastal ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Marine environments bounded by the coastal land margin (seashore) and the continental shelf 100-200 m below sea level. Ecologically, the coastal and nearshore zones grade from shallow water depths, influenced by the adjacent landmass and input from coastal rivers and estuaries, to the continental shelf break, where oceanic processes predominate. Among the unique marine ecosystems associated with coastal and nearshore waterbodies are seaweed-dominated communities, coral reefs and upwellings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: obalni ekološki sustav @hr
broader: aquatic ecosystem
related: coastal environment
source: PARCOR

coastal environment
type: Concept
definition: The areas where the land masses meet the seas. Coastal environments include tidal wetlands, estuaries, bays, shallow near-shore waters, mangrove swamps, and in-shore reef systems. The critical habitats of these zones are: feeding, breeding, nursery, and resting areas. Coastal areas throughout the world are under enormous environmental stress, which is caused by a wide range of factors, including pollution and the destruction and deterioration of marine habitats.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural environment
related: coastal ecosystem
source: GILP96
source: WRIGHT

coastal erosion
type: Concept
definition: The gradual wearing away of material from a coast by the action of sea water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erozija obale @hr
broader: erosion
source: GREMES

coastal fishing
type: Concept
definition: Fishing in an area of the sea next to the shoreline.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: marine fishery
source: PHC

coastal pollution
type: Concept
definition: The presence, release or introduction of polluting substances in or onto the seashore or the land near it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kostaldearen poluzio
alternative label: onečišćenje obale @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9202
narrower: estuary pollution
source: DOE
source: RHW
source: TOE

coastal water
type: Concept
definition: Coastal waters are typically characterized by a shallow continental shelf, gently sloping seaward to a continental slope, which drops relatively abruptly to the deep ocean. The proximity of coastal water to land also influences the water circulation. In the vicinity of freshwater inflows, the nearshore circulation is altered by the presence of density-driven motions. Coastal waters are under enormous environmental stress, caused by a wide range of factors including pollution and the destruction and deterioration of marine habitats.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: obalno more @hr
broader: salt water
source: WRIGHT

coastal zone planning
type: Concept
definition: The objective of coastal management and planning is the preservation of coastal resources whilst simultaneously satisfying the sometimes conflicting interests and requirements of protection, development, usage and conservation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land planning
source: TELFO

coastguard
type: Concept
definition: A maritime force which aids shipping, saves lives at sea, prevents smuggling, etc. It also responds to emergencies involving oil spills and other discharges at sea and takes the lead in enforcing the law, including assessing penalties for environmental violations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kostaldeko guardia
broader: armed forces
related match: Coast guard
source: CED
source: PATHUL

coating
type: Concept
definition: A material applied onto or impregnated into a substrate for protective, decorative, or functional purposes. Such materials include, but are not limited to, paints, varnishes, sealers, adhesives, thinners, diluents, and inks.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επίστρωση @el
alternative label: επίχρισμα @el
alternative label: estalki
broader: industrial product
source: LEE

cobalt
type: Concept
definition: A metallic element used chiefly in alloys.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
related: heavy metal
source: MGH

cockroach
type: Concept
definition: The most primitive of the living winged insects. It is thought they have been unchanged for more than 300 million years, and are among the oldest fossil insects. Cockroaches are usually found in tropical climates, but a few species, out of the total 3.500 known species, have become pests. They are common household pests in many countries, imported by ship and carried home in grocery bags. Cockroaches eat plant and animal products, including food, paper, clothing and soiled hospital waste, fouling everything they touch with their droppings and unpleasant odour, to which many people are allergic. They are a major health hazard and carry harmful bacteria, protozoan parasites and faunal pathogens, including those that cause typhoid, leprosy and salmonella. Conventional insecticides make little or no impact on the cockroaches population.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: orthopteran
source: WPR
source: WRIGHT

chemical oxygen demand
type: Concept
definition: The quantity of oxygen used in biological and non-biological oxidation of materials in water; a measure of water quality.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: OEK
broader: chemical property
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9214
related: parameter
source: LANDY

code of practice
type: Concept
definition: A systematic collection of procedures outlining the established method of application of all relevant laws, rules or regulations to a specific endeavor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pravila ponašanja @hr
broader: code
source: BLD

code
type: Concept
definition: A systematic collection, compendium or revision of laws, rules, or regulations. A private or official compilation of all permanent laws in force consolidated and classified according to subject matter. Many states have published official codes of all laws in force, including the common law and statutes as judicially interpreted, which have been compiled by code commissions and enacted by the legislatures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κωδικός @el
alternative label: zbirka propisa @hr
alternative label: zakonik @hr
alternative label: zbirka pravila @hr
broader: technical regulation
narrower: code of practice
narrower: IMCO code
source: WESTS

coelenterate
type: Concept
definition: Animals that have a single body cavity (the coelenteron). The name was formerly given to a phylum comprising the Cnidaria and Ctenophora, but these are now regarded as phyla in their own right, and the name Coelenterata has fallen from use, although it is sometimes used as a synonym for Cnidaria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: knidarije @hr
alternative label: mješinci @hr
alternative label: dupljari @hr
broader: invertebrate
narrower: coral
related match: Coelenterata
source: ALL

cogeneration
type: Concept
definition: Usually the generation of heat in the form of steam, and the generation of power in the form of electricity. Combined heat and power plants are able to convert a much higher proportion of the energy in fuel into final output. The steam produced may be used through heat exchangers in a district heating scheme, while the electricity provides lighting and power.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μικτή παραγωγή @el
alternative label: parallell generering @sv
broader: physical property
broader: industrial process
related: power-heat relation
related: energy production
source: GILP96

co-incineration
type: Concept
definition: Joint incineration of hazardous waste, in any form, with refuse and/or sludge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: su-spaljivanje @hr
broader: incineration
related: incineration of waste
source: LEE

coke
type: Concept
definition: A coherent, cellular, solid residue remaining from the dry distillation of a coking coal or of pitch, petroleum, petroleum residue, or other carbonaceous materials; contains carbon as its principal constituent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κωκ @el
alternative label: κοκαΐνη @el
broader: coal
source: MGH

cold
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κρύο @el
alternative label: ψύξη (κρυολόγημα) @el
alternative label: kyla @sv
broader: parameter
related: physical property
related: heat (physics)

cold zone ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings located in climatic regions where the air temperature is below 10° Celsius for eight to eleven months of the year.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekosustav hladnog pojasa @hr
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
narrower: permafrost ecosystem
source: EOC
source: TOE

coliform bacterium
type: Concept
definition: A group of bacteria that are normally abundant in the intestinal tracts of human and other warm-blooded animals and are used as indicators (being measured as the number of individuals found per millilitre of water) when testing the sanitary quality of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: bacterium
narrower: salmonella
source: ALL

colloid
type: Concept
definition: An intimate mixture of two substances, one of which, called the dispersed phase, is uniformly distributed in a finely divided state through the second substance, called the dispersion medium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: colloidal state
source: MGH

colloidal state
type: Concept
definition: A system of particles in a dispersion medium, with properties distinct from those of a true solution because of the larger size of the particles. The presence of these particles can often be detected by means of the ultramicroscope.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: state of matter
narrower: colloid
source: UVAROV

colonisation
type: Concept
definition: The successful invasion of a new habitat by a species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: autoecology
related match: Colonization
source: LBC

aerosol
type: Concept
definition: A gaseous suspension of ultramicroscopic particles of a liquid or a solid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: state of matter
related: atmospheric component
related: spray can
source: MGH

colourimetry
type: Concept
definition: Any technique by which an unknown colour is evaluated in terms of standard colours; the technique may be visual, photoelectric or indirect by means of spectrophotometry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: laboratory technique
related match: Colorimetry
source: MGH

colour
type: Concept
definition: An attribute of things that results from the light they reflect, transmit, or emit in so far as this light causes a visual sensation that depends on its wavelengths.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απόχρωση @el
broader: physical property
related: dye
related match: Color
source: CED

combination effect
type: Concept
definition: A combined effect of two or more substances or organisms which is greater than the sum of the individual effect of each.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: konbinatze-ondorio
alternative label: kombinirani učinak @hr
broader: effect
related: antagonism
related: synergism
source: KOREN

combined cycle-power station
type: Concept
definition: This type of plant is flexible in response and can be built in the 100-600 MW capacity range. It produces electrical power from both a gas turbine (ca. 1300°C gas inlet temperature), fuelled by natural gas or oil plus a steam turbine supplied with the steam generated by the 500°C exhaust gases from the gas turbine. The thermal efficiency of these stations is ca. 50 per cent compared with a maximum of 40 per cent from steam turbine coal fired power stations. This type of plant can be built in two years compared with six years for a coal-fired station and 10-15 years for nuclear.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: termoelektrana kombiniranog ciklusa @hr
alternative label: elektrana s kombiniranim ciklusom @hr
broader: electric power plant
source: PORT

combined waste water
type: Concept
definition: A mixture of domestic or industrial wastewater and surface runoff.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
source: ISEP
source: WWC

combustibility
type: Concept
definition: The property of a substance of being capable of igniting and burning.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical property
broader: physical property
source: CED

combustion engine
type: Concept
definition: An engine that operates by the energy of combustion of a fuel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engine
narrower: two-stroke engine
narrower: diesel engine
narrower: four stroke engine
related: waste gas emission
source: MGH

combustion gas
type: Concept
definition: The exhaust gas from a combustion process. It may contain nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, water vapour, sulfur oxides, particles and many chemical pollutants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste gas
narrower: flue gas
narrower: exhaust gas
related match: Combustion
source: LEE

combustion residue
type: Concept
definition: A residual layer of ash on the heat-exchange surfaces of a combustion chamber, resulting from the burning of fuel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: errekuntza-hondakin
alternative label: ostatak pri izgaranju @hr
alternative label: ostatak nakon izgaranja @hr
broader: residual waste
narrower: incineration residue
related: ash
related: slag
source: APD

commercialisation
type: Concept
definition: Holding or displaying for sale, offering for sale, selling, delivering or placing on the market in any other form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: komertzializazio
broader: distributive trade
related match: Commercialization
source: ECHO1

commercial law
type: Concept
definition: The whole body of substantive jurisprudence applicable to the rights, intercourse and relations of persons engaged in commerce, trade or mercantile pursuits.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law branch
narrower: customs regulation
narrower: customs
narrower: implementation law
related: trade (services)
source: BLACK

commercial noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise emitted from commercial activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental noise
related: trade activity
related: trade (services)

commercial traffic
type: Concept
definition: The operations and movements related to the transportation and exchange of goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic
related: trade (services)
related: merchant shipping
source: RRDA

commercial vehicle
type: Concept
definition: Vehicle designed and equipped for the transportation of goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Δ.Χ. @el
alternative label: vozilo za prijevoz robe @hr
alternative label: teretno vozilo @hr
broader: vehicle
source: RRDA

trade waste
type: Concept
definition: All types of waste generated by offices, restaurants, shops, warehouses and other such non-manufacturing sources, and non-processing waste generated at manufacturing facilities such as office and packaging waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
source: EED

common agricultural policy
type: Concept
definition: The set of regulations and practices adopted by member countries of the European Community that consolidates efforts in promoting or ensuring reasonable pricing, fair standards of living, stable markets, increased farm productivity and methods for dealing with food supply or surplus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-politika bateratu
broader: EC policy
source: CNI

common agreement
type: Concept
definition: A system of law established by following earlier judicial decisions and customs, rather than statutory or legislatively enacted law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: judicial system
source: BLD
source: WOR

communications
type: Concept
definition: The concept, science, technique and process of transmitting, receiving or otherwise exchanging information and data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
narrower: information source
narrower: means of communication
narrower: congress
narrower: telecommunications
narrower: information service
related match: Communication

ecological community
type: Concept
definition: 1) All of the plants and animals in an area or volume; a complex association usually containing both animals and plants. 2) Any naturally occurring group of organisms that occupy a common environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: synecology
narrower: plant community
related match: Community (ecology)
source: ALL
source: LANDY

Community law
type: Concept
definition: The law of European Community (as opposed to the national laws of the member states.) It consists of the treaties establishing the EC (together with subsequent amending treaties) community legislation, and decisions of the court of justice of the European Communities. Any provision of the treaties or of community legislation that is directly applicable or directly effective in a member state forms part of the law of that state and prevails over its national law in the event of any inconsistency between the two.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gemenskapsrätt @sv
alternative label: gemenskapslagstiftning @sv
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: Community act
narrower: Community legal system
related: European Union
source: DICLAW

community participation
type: Concept
definition: Involvement in public or private actions, as members or as a member of a particular ethnic, political or social group, with the purpose of exerting influence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: active participation
source: RHW

community-pays principle
type: Concept
definition: A tenet of environmental policy, according to which the costs of ecological challenges, environmental quality improvements and the removal of environmental hazards are allotted to community groups or local corporations and, thereby, to the general public.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislation on pollution
source: GAB

commuter traffic
type: Concept
definition: Traffic caused by people travelling regularly over some distance, as between a suburb and a city and back, between their place of residence and their place of work.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic

commuting
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: labour force
narrower: off-peak commuting

compaction
type: Concept
definition: Reduction of the bulk of solid waste by rolling and tamping.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συμπίεση @el
alternative label: κυλίνδρωση @el
alternative label: σύμπτυξη @el
alternative label: kompaktiranje @hr
alternative label: kompriemring @sv
alternative label: pressning @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
related: compression
source: LEE

company policy
type: Concept
definition: Official guidelines or set of guidelines adopted by a company for the management of its activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ασφαλιστήριο @el
alternative label: pravila tvrtke @hr
alternative label: pravila poduzeća @hr
alternative label: politika tvrtke @hr
broader: industrial policy
source: RRDA

aesthetics
type: Concept
definition: Considerations, values, and judgements pertaining to the quality of the human perceptual experience (including sight, sound, smell, touch, taste, and movement) evoked by phenomena or components of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: philosophy
source: UNUN

comparative law
type: Concept
definition: The study of the principles of legal science by the comparison of various systems of law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law branch
source: BLACK

comparative test
type: Concept
definition: Tests conducted to determine whether one procedure is better than another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συγκριτική εξέταση @el
alternative label: test konparatibo
alternative label: komparativni test @hr
broader: test
source: MGH

comparison
type: Concept
definition: The placing together or juxtaposing of two or more items to ascertain, bring into relief, or establish their similarities and dissimilarities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erkaketa
alternative label: alderaketa
broader: evaluation
source: WEBSTE

compensation
type: Concept
definition: Equivalent in money for a loss sustained; equivalent given for property taken or for an injury done to another; recompense or reward for some loss, injury or service.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αντιρρόπηση @el
alternative label: αντιστάθμιση @el
alternative label: kompenzacija @hr
alternative label: skadestånd @sv
alternative label: ersättning @sv
broader: management technique
source: WESTS

compensatory measure
type: Concept
definition: Any administrative or legislative action, procedure or enactment designed to redress disruptions of ecological integrity or damage to the supply of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy instrument
source: BLD
source: RHW

compensatory tax
type: Concept
definition: Compulsory charge levied by a government for the purpose of redressing or countervailing economic disparity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental tax
source: ISEP
source: RHW

competition (biological)
type: Concept
definition: The simultaneous demand by two or more organisms or species for an essential common resource that is actually or potentially in limited supply.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αγώνας για επιβίωση @el
broader: autoecology
related: survival
related: ecological adaptation
source: LBC

economic competition
type: Concept
definition: The market condition where an individual or firm that wants to buy or sell a commodity or service has a choice of possible suppliers or customers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: konkurrentzia ekonomiko
broader: business
narrower: restriction on competition
narrower: distortion of competition
related: competition law
related match: Competition (economics)
source: ODE

competitiveness
type: Concept
definition: The ability of a firm to strive in the market with rivals in the production and sale of commodities or services and, analogously, the ability of a country to maintain a relatively high standard of living for its citizens through trade in international markets.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: business policy
source: INDEDU
source: OED

complex formation
type: Concept
definition: Formation of a complex compound. Also known as complexing or complexation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύνθετος (πολύπλοκος) σχηματισμός @el
broader: chemical reaction
related match: Coordination complex
source: MGH

complexing agent
type: Concept
definition: A substance capable of forming a complex compound with another material in solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
related match: Chelation
source: MGH

composite pollution
type: Concept
definition: Emissions of ozone-degrading gases (CFCs, halons); emissions of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, CFCs, nitrous oxides, halons); emissions of acidifying gases (sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides); emissions of substances that contribute to eutrophication (phosphate and nitrogen-containing materials); emissions of toxic materials (pesticides, radioactive substances, priority toxic substances); solid wastes returned to the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio konposatu
broader: pollution type
source: UNEP

compost
type: Concept
definition: A mixture of decaying organic matter used to fertilize and condition the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μίγμα οργανικών καταλοίπων @el
broader: natural material
narrower: refuse-sludge compost
related: manure production
source: MGH

compostable waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste consisting largely of biodegradable organic matter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: otpaci pogodni za kompostiranje @hr
broader: type of waste
narrower: garden waste
narrower: organic waste
related: vegetable waste
related: biodegradability

composting
type: Concept
definition: The natural biological decomposition of organic material in the presence of air to form a humus-like material. Controlled methods of composting include mechanical mixing and aerating, ventilating the materials by dropping them through a vertical series of aerated chambers, or placing the compost in piles out in the open air and mixing it or turning it periodically.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: konpost-egite
broader: agricultural method
narrower: composting by producer
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
related match: Compost
source: LEE

composting by producer
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekoizleak egindako konpostaje
broader: composting

compression
type: Concept
definition: Reduction in the volume of a substance due to pressure.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tiiviste @fi
alternative label: kompression @sv
broader: physical process
related: compaction
source: MGH

compressor
type: Concept
definition: A mechanical device a) to provide the desired pressure for chemical and physical reactions, b) to control boiling points of fluids, as in gas separation, refrigeration, and evaporation, c) to evacuate enclosed volumes, d) to transport gases or vapors, e) to store compressible fluids as gases or liquids under pressure and assist in recovering them from storage or tank cars, and f) to convert mechanical energy to fluid energy for operating instruments, air agitation, fluidization, solid transport, blowcases, air tools, and motors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
source: LEE

compulsory use
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nahitaezko erabilera
alternative label: obvezna uporaba @hr
broader: administrative procedure

European Communities
type: Concept
definition: The collective body that resulted in 1967 from the merger of the administrative networks of the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM), the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), and the European Economic Community (EEC). The singular term has also been widely used.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: European Union
source: ABDN

afforestation
type: Concept
definition: 1) Establishment of a new forest by seeding or planting of nonforested land. 2) The planting of trees on land which was previously used for other uses than forestry. 3) The planting of trees in an area, or the management of an area to allow trees to regenerate or colonize naturally, in order to produce a forest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihantze
alternative label: baso-sartze
alternative label: skogsplantering @sv
broader: forestry
narrower: local afforestation
narrower: reforestation
source: ALL
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

concentration (value)
type: Concept
definition: In solutions, the mass, volume, or number of moles of solute present in proportion to the amount of solvent or total solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical property
narrower: nutrient content
narrower: calcium content
narrower: aluminium content
narrower: acidity degree
narrower: salt content
narrower: sulphur concentration
narrower: oxygen content
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9184
source: MGH

concentration (process)
type: Concept
definition: The process of increasing the quantity of a component in a solution. The opposite of dilution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συμπύκνωση @el
alternative label: kontzentratze
broader: physicochemical process
source: CED

concrete
type: Concept
definition: A mixture of aggregate, water, and a binder, usually Portland cement; it hardens to stonelike condition when dry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: betoi
alternative label: konkreettinen @fi
broader: cement
source: MGH

concrete products industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: betoi-produktuen industria
alternative label: proizvodnja betonskih proizvoda @hr
broader: building materials industry

condensation (process)
type: Concept
definition: Transformation from a gas to a liquid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lauhduttaminen @fi
alternative label: kondenziranje (proces) @hr
broader: physical process
source: MGH

conductivity
type: Concept
definition: The ratio of the electric current density to the electric field in a material. Also known as electrical conductivity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eroankortasun elektriko
alternative label: konduktivitet @sv
broader: physical property
source: MGH

conflicting use
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: administrative organisation

conflict of aims
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αντικρουόμενοι στόχοι @el
broader: administrative organisation

conflict of interests
type: Concept
definition: Clash between public interest and the private pecuniary interest of the individual concerned. A situation in which regard for one duty tends to lead to disregard of another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: interesen arteko gatazka
broader: administrative organisation
related match: Conflict of interest
source: BLACK

congress
type: Concept
definition: A formal meeting, often consisting of representatives of various organizations, that is assembled to promote, discuss or make arrangements regarding a particular subject or some matter of common interest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biltzar
broader: communications
source: RHW

conifer
type: Concept
definition: An order of conebearing plants which includes nearly all the present day Gymnospermae. Most are tall evergreen trees with needle-like (e.g., pines), linear (e.g. firs) or scale-like (e.g., cedars) leaves. They are characteristic of temperate zones and the main forest trees of colder regions. They provide timber, resins, tars, turpentine and pulp for paper.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: gymnosperm
related match: Pinophyta
source: ALL

coniferous forest
type: Concept
definition: A forest type characterized by cone-bearing, needle-leaved trees. They are generally, but not necessarily, evergreen and relatively shallow-rooted. Since they grow more rapidly than most broad-leaved trees, conifers are extensively planted as a source of softwood timber and pulp. They are tolerant of wide-ranging climatic conditions, of many different types of soil and of considerable differences in terrain. Thus, they are found from the polar latitudes to the tropics, on most types of soils (especially, thin acid soils) and from mountain summits to coastal environments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: forest
related match: Temperate coniferous forest
source: WHIT

Africa
type: Concept
definition: The second largest of the continents, on the Mediterranean in the north, the Atlantic in the west, and the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Indian Ocean in the east. The Sahara desert divides the continent unequally into North Africa and Africa south of Sahara. The largest lake is Lake Victoria and the chief rivers are the Nile, Niger, Congo, and Zambezi. The hottest continent, Africa has vast mineral resources, many of which are still undeveloped.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
narrower: East Africa
narrower: North Africa
narrower: Central Africa
narrower: Southern Africa
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9293
source: AMHER
source: CED

conservation
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διατήρηση @el
alternative label: vård @sv
alternative label: konservering @sv
broader: industrial process

freshwater conservation
type: Concept
definition: Controlled utilization, protection or improvement of a natural body of water that does not contain significant amounts of dissolved salts and minerals, such as a lake or river.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ur gezaren babes
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9159
source: APD

conservation of genetic resources
type: Concept
definition: Controlled utilization, protection and development of the gene pool of natural and cultivated organisms to ensure variety and variability and for current and potential value to human welfare.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baliabide genetikoen babes
broader: resource conservation
source: ISEP
source: TOE

conservation of monuments
type: Concept
definition: Measures adopted for the protection and the maintenance of hystorical and art monuments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: monumentuen babes
broader: environmental conservation
source: ZINZAN

afterburning
type: Concept
definition: An afterburner is a gadget fitted to the exhaust flues of furnaces and also to the exhaust systems of motor vehicles. They remove polluting gases and particles, which are the result of incompletely combusted fuel, by incineration and break down other chemical molecules associated with combustion into inert chemicals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical treatment
related match: Afterburner
source: WRIGHT

constitutional law
type: Concept
definition: That branch of the public law of a nation or state which treats of the organization, powers and frame of government, the distribution of political and governmental authorities and functions, the fundamental principles which are to regulate the relations of government and citizen and which prescribes generally the plan and method according to which the public affairs of the nation or state are to be administered.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zuzenbide konstituzional
broader: law branch
source: BLACK

construction equipment
type: Concept
definition: Heavy power machines which perform specific construction or demolition functions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μηχανήματα εργοταξίου @el
broader: equipment
related match: Heavy equipment (construction)
source: MGH

construction noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise resulting from construction activities such as site preparation, site clearance, demolition of existing buildings, piling, concreting, erection of structures, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental noise
related: construction technology

construction of installations
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: construction work

construction technology
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
narrower: building technology
related: traffic route construction
related: construction noise
related: building industry

age
type: Concept
definition: The period of time that a person, animal or plant has lived or is expected to live.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περίοδος (γεωλογική) @el
alternative label: εποχή (αρχαιολογική) @el
broader: biological development
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9407
source: CED

construction with recycled material
type: Concept
definition: Construction with waste product used as raw material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: construction work
source: LANDY

construction work
type: Concept
definition: The construction, rehabilitation, alteration, conversion, extension, demolition or repair of buildings, highways, or other changes or improvement to real property, including facilities providing utility services. The term also includes the supervision, inspection, and other on-site functions incidental to the actual construction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κατασκευαστική εργασία @el
broader: industrial process
narrower: building destruction
narrower: construction of installations
narrower: construction with recycled material
related: building material
related: building technology
related match: Construction
source: LEE

consultation
type: Concept
definition: Any meeting or inquiry of concerned persons or advisors for the purpose of deliberation, discussion or decision on some matter or action.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιατρική επίσκεψη @el
alternative label: γνωμοδότηση @el
alternative label: διάλογος @el
alternative label: kontsultatze
alternative label: konzultacija @hr
alternative label: rådgivning @sv
alternative label: rådfrågning @sv
broader: policy instrument
source: BLD

consumer behaviour
type: Concept
definition: An observable pattern of activity concerned with the purchase of goods and services and susceptible to the influence of marketing and advertising strategies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eroslearen jokabide
alternative label: ponašanje kupaca @hr
broader: social-minded behaviour
related: consumption pattern
source: CON

consumer goods
type: Concept
definition: Manufactured products intended primarily for personal use by individuals or families and classified as either durables or non-durables, depending on length of use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: goods
related match: Final goods
source: GREENW
source: ODE

consumer group
type: Concept
definition: A collection of persons united to address concerns regarding the purchase and use of specific commodities or services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social group
related match: Consumer organization
source: RHW

consumer information
type: Concept
definition: Factual, circumstantial and, often, comparative knowledge concerning various goods, services or events, their quality and the entities producing them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: informacije za potrošače @hr
broader: public information
narrower: product information
source: RHW

consumer protection
type: Concept
definition: Information disseminated or measures and programs established to prevent and reduce damage, injury or loss to users of specific commodities and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social protection
source: RHW

consumer waste
type: Concept
definition: Materials purchased, used and discarded by the buyer, or consumer, as opposed to those discarded in a manufacturing process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
source: EED

consumption
type: Concept
definition: Spending for survival or enjoyment in contrast to providing for future use or production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: upotreba @hr
alternative label: korištenje @hr
broader: economy
narrower: wastage
narrower: time budget
source: ODE

consumption pattern
type: Concept
definition: The combination of qualities, quantities, acts and tendencies characterizing a community or human group's use of resources for survival, comfort and enjoyment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social process
narrower: energy utilisation pattern
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9164
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9230
narrower: energy demand
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9160
related: consumer behaviour
source: ODE
source: RHW

container
type: Concept
definition: A large case that can be transported by truck and than easily loaded on a ship.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιέκτης @el
alternative label: δοχείο (συσκευασίας) @el
alternative label: kontejner @hr
alternative label: behållare @sv
broader: miscellaneous product
narrower: returnable container
narrower: non-returnable container
narrower: aluminium container
narrower: reusable container
related: packaging
source: PHC

containment (nuclear industry)
type: Concept
definition: The reinforced steel or concrete vessel that encloses a nuclear reactor. It is designed to withstand minor explosions in the core, to keep radionuclides from escaping into the environment, and to be safe against terrorist attack.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναχαίτιση @el
alternative label: ανάσχεση @el
alternative label: εγκλωβισμός @el
alternative label: konfinamendu-egitura
alternative label: kontejnment (nuklearna industrija) @hr
alternative label: inneslutning @sv
broader: industrial process
source: WRIGHT

contaminated soil
type: Concept
definition: Soil which because of its previous or current use has substances under, on or in it which, depending upon their concentration and/or quantity, may represent a direct potential or indirect hazard to man or to the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil condition
related match: Soil contamination
source: GRAHAW

contamination
type: Concept
definition: Introduction into or onto water, air, soil or other media of microorganisms, chemicals, toxic substances, wastes, wastewater or other pollutants in a concentration that makes the medium unfit for its next intended use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρύπανση @el
alternative label: μίανση @el
alternative label: νόθευση (κειμένου) @el
alternative label: kutsadura
alternative label: kontamination @sv
broader: pollution
narrower: chemical contamination
narrower: biological contamination
narrower: forage contamination
narrower: radioactive contamination
source: TOE

continental shelf
type: Concept
definition: The gently sloping seabed of the shallow water nearest to a continent, covering about 45 miles from the shore and deepening over the sloping sea floor to an average depth of 400 ft. It continues until it reaches the continental slope. The continental shelf contains most of the important fishing grounds and a range of resources, including gas and oil, sand and gravel. However, the shelf is, in general, a structural extension of the continent, and so may also be a source of minerals found in that region, such as tin, gold and platinum.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontinentalni šelf @hr
broader: earth's crust
narrower: continent
source: WRIGHT

continuous load
type: Concept
definition: The amount or quantity of polluting material found in a transporting agent that flows at a steady rate, in contrast to a sudden or dramatic influx.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: karga iraunkor
alternative label: fortsatt belastning @sv
broader: pollution load
source: APD

contour farming
type: Concept
definition: The performing of cultivations along lines connecting points of equal elevation so reducing the loss of top soil by erosion, increasing the capacity of the soil to retain water and reducing the pollution of water by soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: farming technique
related match: Contour plowing
source: ALL

contract
type: Concept
definition: An agreement between two or more persons which creates an obligation to do or not to do a particular thing. Its essential are competent parties, subject matter, a legal consideration, mutuality of agreement, and mutuality of obligation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συμβόλαιο @el
alternative label: συμφωνητικό @el
alternative label: avtal @sv
broader: civil law
narrower: public contract
related: agreement (contract)
related: treaty
source: WESTS

contract cleaner
type: Concept
definition: A commercial service provider, usually bound by a written agreement, responsible for the removal of dirt, litter or other unsightly materials from any property.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cleansing
source: RHW

controlled burning
type: Concept
definition: The planned use of carefully controlled fire to accomplish predetermined management goals. The burn is set under a combination of weather, fuel moisture, soil moisture, and fuel arrangement conditions that allow the management objectives to be attained, and yet confine the fire to the planned area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural method
related: slash and burn culture
related match: Controlled burn
source: DUNSTE

controlled hunting zone
type: Concept
definition: An administered geographic area in which the pursuit, capture and killing of wild animals for food or sport, is allowed, often with certain restrictions or regulations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/963
related: hunting reserve
related: hunting
source: ISEP
source: RHW

controlling authority
type: Concept
definition: The power of a person or an organized assemblage of persons to manage, direct, superintend, restrict, regulate, govern, administer or oversee.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ovlasti nadzora @hr
broader: authority body
source: BLD

control measure
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental control

conurbation
type: Concept
definition: 1) A large densely populated urban sprawl formed by the growth and coalescence of individual towns or cities. 2) Large area covered with buildings (houses or factories or public building, etc.) 3) A large area occupied by urban development, which may contain isolated rural areas, and formed by the merging together of expanding towns that formerly were separate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: srastanje gradova @hr
alternative label: širenje gradova @hr
broader: urban development
related: settlement concentration
source: ALL
source: CED
source: PHC

convention
type: Concept
definition: International agreement on a specific topic.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συνέδριο @el
alternative label: međunarodni sporazum @hr
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: regional convention
narrower: bilateral convention
narrower: transitional arrangement
narrower: international convention
related: agreement (contract)
source: RRDA

conventional energy
type: Concept
definition: Power provided by traditional means such as coal, wood, gas, etc., as opposed to alternative energy sources such as solar power, tidal power, wind power, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy type
narrower: coal-based energy
narrower: electric power
narrower: oil-based energy
narrower: nuclear energy
narrower: water power
related match: Energy development
source: PHC

cooling
type: Concept
definition: Setting aside a highly radioactive material until the radioactivity has diminished to a desired level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical process
related: refrigeration
source: MGH

cooling oil
type: Concept
definition: Oil used as a cooling agent, either with forced circulation or with natural circulation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product
source: ECHO2

cooling tower
type: Concept
definition: A device that aids in heat removal from water used as a coolant in electric power generating plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
source: LANDY

cooling water
type: Concept
definition: Water used to make something less hot, such as the irradiated elements from a nuclear reactor or the engine of a machine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ψυκτικό ύδωρ @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9180
related match: Water cooling
source: PHC

co-operation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύμπραξη @el
alternative label: kooperazio
broader: policy instrument
narrower: development co-operation
related match: Cooperation

co-operation principle
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kooperazio-printzipio
broader: administrative organisation

co-ordination
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: usklađenost @hr
alternative label: usklađivanje @hr
broader: policy instrument
related match: Coordination

copper
type: Concept
definition: A chemical element; one of the most important nonferrous metals; a ductile and malleable metal found in various ores and used in industry, engineering, and the arts in both pure and alloyed form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
related: heavy metal
source: MGH

coppice
type: Concept
definition: A growth of small trees that are repeatedly cut down at short intervals; the new shoots are produced by the old stumps.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: guštara @hr
broader: forest
narrower: coppice with standards
related match: Coppicing
source: MGH

coral
type: Concept
definition: The skeleton of certain solitary and colonial anthozoan coelenterates; composed chiefly of calcium carbonate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: coelenterate
source: MGH

coral reef
type: Concept
definition: Coral reefs have been built up from the skeletons of reef-building coral a small primitive marine animal, and other marine animals and algae over thousands of years. They occur in clear, shallow and sunlit seas. Coral reefs are one of the most productive and diverse ecosystems and are estimated to yield about 12% of the world's fish catch. They are very vulnerable to any change in their environment, especially pollution, because it makes the water opaque. They must have light in order that photosyntesis by the algae can take place. Like trees, corals reflect the environmental conditions in which they grow, indicating marine pollution, sea-surface temperature and other aquatic conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reef
source: WRIGHT

chordate
type: Concept
definition: The highest phylum in the animal kingdom, characterized by a notochord, nerve cord, and gill slits; includes the urochordate, lancelets and vertebrates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal
narrower: vertebrate
source: MGH

core meltdown
type: Concept
definition: An accidental overheating of the part of the nuclear reactor where fission takes place, causing fuel elements and other parts of the reactor to melt, potentially leading to catastrophic consequences in which dangerous levels of radioactive materials would be released into the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erreaktore-gunearen fusio
broader: nuclear accident
related match: Nuclear meltdown
source: FFD

cork
type: Concept
definition: The thick light porous outer bark of the cork oak, used widely as an insulator and for stoppers for bottles, casks, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πώμα @el
alternative label: tortotx-azal
alternative label: artelazki
broader: forest product
source: CED

corridor
type: Concept
definition: A physical linkage, connecting two areas of habitat and differing from the habitat on either side. Corridors are used by organisms to move around without having to leave the preferred habitat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λωρίδα (κυκλοφορίας) @el
alternative label: άξονας @el
alternative label: δίοδος @el
broader: traffic infrastructure
related: road traffic
source: DUNSTE

corrosion
type: Concept
definition: A process in which a solid, especially a metal, is eaten away and changed by a chemical action.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οξίδωση @el
broader: physicochemical process
related: chemical corrosivity
related: water corrosivity
source: CED

corrosion inhibitor
type: Concept
definition: A chemical agent which slows down or prohibits a corrosion reaction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναστολέας (ανασχετικό) διάβρωσης @el
alternative label: antikorrosibo
broader: chemical product
narrower: antifouling agent
source: LEE

cosmetic industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the production of substances for improving the appearance of the body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical industry
source: CED

cosmic radiation
type: Concept
definition: Radiations consisting of atomic nuclei, especially protons, of very high energy that reach the earth from outer space. Some cosmic radiations are very energetic and are able to penetrate a mile or more into the Earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kozmička radijacija @hr
broader: radiation
related match: Cosmic ray
source: CED
source: WRIGHT

cost-benefit
type: Concept
definition: Relation between costs of a certain activity and its benefits to a certain community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kostu-mozkin erlazio
alternative label: odnos troškova i koristi @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/961
narrower: cost-benefit analysis
related match: Cost-benefit analysis

cost-benefit analysis
type: Concept
definition: The attempt to assess, compare and frequently justify the total price or loss represented by a certain activity or expenditure with the advantage or service it provides.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kostu-irabazien analisi
broader: cost-benefit
source: ODE

agreement (legal)
type: Concept
definition: The coming together in accord of two minds on a given proposition. In law, a concord of understanding and intention between two or more parties with respect to the effect upon their relative rights and duties, of certain past or future facts or performances. The consent of two or more persons concerning respecting the transmission of some property, right, or benefits, with the view of contracting an obligation, a mutual obligation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pogodba @hr
alternative label: dogovor @hr
broader: judicial system
source: WESTS

cost increase
type: Concept
definition: The augmentation or rise in the amount of money incurred or asked for in the exchange of goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: management accounting
related match: Cost overrun
source: EFP
source: ISEP

cost recovery basis
type: Concept
definition: A standard used to provide reimbursement to individuals or organizations for any incurred expense or provided service.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cost
source: RHW

cost reduction
type: Concept
definition: The lessening or lowering in the amount of money incurred or asked for in the exchange of goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sniženje troškova @hr
alternative label: redukcija troškova @hr
broader: management accounting
source: EFP
source: ISEP

cost
type: Concept
definition: In economics, the value of the factors of production used by a firm in producing or distributing goods and services or engaging in both activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: trošak proizvodnje @hr
broader: finances
narrower: water cost
narrower: negotiable charge
narrower: cost recovery basis
narrower: electricity generation cost
narrower: fixed schedule of charges
narrower: travel cost
narrower: national economic costs
narrower: environmental cost
narrower: replacement cost
source: GREENW

pollution cost
type: Concept
definition: The amount of money incurred as a result of human-made or human-induced alteration of the physical, biological, chemical, and radiological integrity of air, water, and other media.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsaduraren kostu
broader: environmental cost
source: EFP
source: TOE

national economic costs
type: Concept
definition: The amount of money incurred as a result of the financial management of a nation's financial resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nazio-ekonomiaren kostu
broader: cost
source: EFP
source: RHW

cotton
type: Concept
definition: The most economical natural fiber, obtained from plants of the genus Gossypium, used in making fabrics, cordage, and padding and for producing artificial fibers and cellulose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant textile fibre
source: MGH

agreement (contract)
type: Concept
definition: An agreement, convention, or promise of two or more parties, by deed in writing, signed, and delivered, by which either of the parties pledges himself to the other that something is either done, or shall be done, or shall not be done, or stipulates for the truth of certain facts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: akordio (kontratu)
broader: commercial transaction
related: contract
related: convention
source: WESTS

county
type: Concept
definition: An area comprising more than one city and whose boundaries have been designed according to some biological, political, administrative, economic, demographic criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: grevskap @sv
alternative label: kommun @sv
broader: state
source: LANDY

court of justice
type: Concept
definition: A tribunal having jurisdiction of appeal and review, including the ability to overturn decisions of lower courts or courts of first instance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: justizia auzitegi
broader: court
source: BLD

covering
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κάλυψη @el
alternative label: επένδυση @el
alternative label: κάλυμμα @el
alternative label: επίστρωση @el
alternative label: estaltze
alternative label: täckande @sv
broader: industrial process

agricultural biotechnology
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-bioteknologia
broader: biotechnology
related match: Agricultural science

craft
type: Concept
definition: An occupation or trade requiring manual dexterity or skilled artistry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λέμβος @el
alternative label: ειδικευμένη εργασία @el
alternative label: eskulangintza
alternative label: voima-aggregaatti @fi
alternative label: alus @fi
alternative label: båt @sv
narrower: craft industry
narrower: handicraft
source: AMHER

credit assistance
type: Concept
definition: The help and support from banks and other financial institutions in providing money or goods without requiring present payment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: financing
source: ISEP
source: OED

agricultural building
type: Concept
definition: The buildings and adjacent service areas of a farm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako eraikin
alternative label: zgrada za poljoprivredne namjene @hr
broader: agricultural structure
narrower: stable
narrower: silo
related: agriculture
related match: Farm
source: WEBSTE

criminality
type: Concept
definition: A violation of the law, punishable by the State in criminal proceedings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kriminalitet @hr
broader: justice
narrower: environmental criminality
related match: Crime
source: WEBSTE

criminal law
type: Concept
definition: That body of the law that deals with conduct considered so harmful to society as a whole that it is prohibited by statute, prosecuted and punished by the government.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law branch
narrower: penalty
narrower: law relating to prisons
narrower: environmental criminal law
narrower: criminal liability
source: DUHA

critical level
type: Concept
definition: General term referring to the concentration limit beyond which a substance can cause dangerous effects to living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kritična koncentracija @hr
broader: parameter
narrower: critical load
related match: Exosphere
source: RRDA

critical load
type: Concept
definition: The maximum load that a given system can tolerate before failing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: critical level
source: GRAHAW

crocodile
type: Concept
definition: Any large tropical reptile of the family Crocodylidae: order Crocodylia. They have a broad head, tapering snout, massive jaws, and a thick outer covering of bony plates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reptile
source: CED

crop protection
type: Concept
definition: The problem of crop protection has changed dramatically since 1945. There is now a whole arsenal of chemicals with which to combat agricultural pests and diseases, but this development has itself many drawbacks. Such sophisticated techniques are available only to a minority of farmers; in most parts of the world the standard of crop protection remains abysmally low. In addition, modern crop protection methods have been criticized for relying too heavily on chemical control. Biological controls, both natural and contrived, have been neglected. In some cases involving misuse of agricultural chemicals, crops must be protected from the very measures intended for their protection. Meanwhile previously localized pests and diseases continue to spread worldwide.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυτική προστασία @el
broader: agriculture
narrower: pest control
related: phytosanitary treatment
related: plant protection product
related: plant disease
source: WPR

crop rotation
type: Concept
definition: An agricultural technique in which, season after season, each field is sown with crop plants in a regular rotation, each crop being repeated at intervals of several years. Crop rotation minimizes the risks of depleting the soil of particular nutrients. In rotation systems, a grain crop is often grown the first year, followed by a leafy-vegetable crop in the second year, and a pasture crop in the third. The last usually contains legumes; such plants can restore nitrogen to the soil. Notwithstanding, high yields tend to depend upon the continued addition of chemical fertilizers to the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εναλλαγή καλλιεργειών @el
broader: agricultural method
source: GILP96

crop waste
type: Concept
definition: Any unusable portion of plant matter left in a field after harvest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uzta-hondakin
broader: agricultural waste
source: CNI

crossing place
type: Concept
definition: A place, often shown by markings, lights, or poles, where a street, railway, etc. may be crossed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιοχή διέλευσης @el
alternative label: pasabide
alternative label: igaroleku
broader: traffic infrastructure
narrower: crossing place for animals
related: road traffic
source: CED

crossing place for animals
type: Concept
definition: Bridges and tunnels provided for animals for crossing roads and railways. Railway and road infrastructures represent an hindrance to wildlife migration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: animalientzako igarobide
alternative label: animalientzako pasabide
broader: crossing place
source: DOBRIS

crude oil
type: Concept
definition: A comparatively volatile liquid bitumen composed principally of hydrocarbon, with traces of sulphur, nitrogen or oxygen compounds; can be removed from the earth in a liquid state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: petroleum
source: MGH

cruising
type: Concept
definition: Travelling by sea in a liner for pleasure, usually calling at a number of ports.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ροή @el
alternative label: εκδορά @el
alternative label: πλεύση @el
alternative label: itsas bidaia
alternative label: arviointi @fi
broader: traffic on water
source: CED

crustacean
type: Concept
definition: A class of arthropod animals having jointed feet and mandibles, two pairs of antennae, and segmented, chitin-encased bodies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: arthropod
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9171
source: MGH

cryptogam
type: Concept
definition: A large group of plants, comprising the Thallophyta, Bryophyta and Pteridophyta, the last of which are cryptogams.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kriptogami (Cryptogam) @hr
broader: plant (biology)
narrower: mycete
narrower: bryophyte
narrower: lichen
narrower: tracheophyte
narrower: phanerogam
narrower: alga
source: ALL

crystallisation
type: Concept
definition: The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κρυσταλλοποίηση @el
broader: physical process
source: MGH

crystallography
type: Concept
definition: The branch of science that deals with the geometric description of crystals and their internal arrangement.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mineralogy
source: MGH

cultivated plant
type: Concept
definition: Plants specially bred or improved by cultivation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uzgojena biljka @hr
broader: plant (biology)
related: cultivation
source: CED

cultivation
type: Concept
definition: The practice of growing and nurturing plants outside of their wild habitat (i.e., in gardens, nurseries, arboreta).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kultiviranje @hr
broader: agriculture
narrower: bulb cultivation
narrower: nursery (plant breeding)
narrower: plant selection
narrower: greenhouse cultivation
narrower: plant breeding
narrower: vegetable cultivation
narrower: planting
related: cultivation method
related: garden
related: field
related: cultivated plant
related: nutrient medium
source: DUNSTE

cultivation method
type: Concept
definition: Any procedure or approach used to prepare land or soil for the growth of new crops, or to promote or improve the growth of existing crops.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nekazaritza-metodo
broader: cultivation of agricultural land
narrower: substrate cultivation
related: cultivation
source: AGP
source: RHW

cultural development
type: Concept
definition: The process whereby the capabilities or possibilities inherent in a people's beliefs, customs, artistic activity and knowledge are brought out or made more effective.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garapen kultural
broader: access to culture
related match: Sociocultural evolution
source: PPP
source: RHW

agricultural ecology
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzaren ekologia
broader: scientific ecology

cultural facility
type: Concept
definition: Any building or structure used for programs or activities involving the arts or other endeavors that encourage refinement or development of the mind.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: infrastructure
narrower: historical site
narrower: research centre
narrower: documentation centre
narrower: laboratory
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/969
narrower: school
narrower: archaeological site
narrower: monument
narrower: museum
narrower: library
narrower: historical monument
narrower: training centre
narrower: information centre
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9422
narrower: animal conservatory
narrower: botanical conservatory
related: culture (society)
source: OED
source: WCD

cultural heritage
type: Concept
definition: The inherited body of beliefs, customs, artistic activity and knowledge that has been transmitted by ancestors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kulturno naslijeđe @hr
broader: culture (society)
narrower: historical evolution
narrower: restoration
narrower: traditional culture
narrower: art
narrower: music
narrower: literature
narrower: natural heritage
narrower: cultural goods
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9382
source: RHW

cultural indicator
type: Concept
definition: Cultural indicators give information about societies, which may be interesting even when one is not trying to evaluate the cultures of these societies from any normative point of view. Cultural indicators may also have an evaluative purpose involving explicit or implicit normative criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: adierazle kultural
alternative label: kulturni indikator @hr
broader: indicator
source: UNESCO

cultural policy
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy

culture (society)
type: Concept
definition: The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits constituting a distinct complex of tradition of a racial or social group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παιδεία @el
alternative label: κουλτούρα @el
alternative label: (πνευματική) καλλιέργεια @el
alternative label: civilizacija (društvo) @hr
narrower: access to culture
narrower: environmental culture
narrower: show
narrower: cultural heritage
related: cultural facility
related: society
source: WEBSTE

curriculum
type: Concept
definition: The aggregate of courses of study provided in a particular school, college, university, adult education program, technical institution or some other educational program.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πρόγραμμα σπουδών @el
broader: level of education
source: RHW

custom and usage
type: Concept
definition: A group pattern of habitual activity usually transmitted across generations and, in some instances, having the force of law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: običaji i upotreba @hr
broader: lifestyle
source: ISEP
source: RHW

customs
type: Concept
definition: Duties charged upon commodities on their importation into, or exportation out of, a country.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τελωνειακές αρχές @el
broader: commercial law

agricultural economics
type: Concept
definition: An applied social science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of agricultural or farming goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako ekonomia
broader: economy
narrower: agronomic value
narrower: land value
related: economics
source: AGP

cutting (forestry)
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of felling or uprooting standing trees, in order to produce timber products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κοπή (δασοκομία) @el
alternative label: ebakitze (basogintza)
broader: forestry practice
source: TIM

cyanate
type: Concept
definition: A salt or ester of cyanic acid containing the radical OCN.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
source: MGH

cyanide
type: Concept
definition: Any of a group of compounds containing the CN group and derived from hydrogen cyanide, HCN.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κυανίδιο @el
broader: inorganic substance
source: MGH

agricultural effluent
type: Concept
definition: Any solid, liquid or gas that enters the environment as a by-product of agricultural activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako efluente
broader: effluent

cyclone
type: Concept
definition: A storm characterized by the converging and rising giratory movement of the wind around a zone of low pressure (the eye) towards which it is violently pulled from a zone of high pressure. Its circulation is counterclockwise round the center in the northern hemisphere, clockwise in the southern hemisphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιδινητής @el
alternative label: virvelvind @sv
broader: meteorological phenomenon
related: meteorological disaster
source: GUNN

cytology
type: Concept
definition: A branch of the biological sciences which deals with the structure, behaviour, growth, and reproduction of cells and the functions and chemistry of cell components.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: life science
source: MGH

cytotoxicity
type: Concept
definition: The degree to which an agent possesses a specific destructive action on certain cells or the possession of such action; used particularly in referring to the lysis of cells by immune phenomena and to antineoplastic drugs that selectively kill dividing cells.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxicity

agricultural engineering
type: Concept
definition: A discipline concerned with developing and improving the means for providing food and fiber for mankind's needs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-ingeniaritza
alternative label: lantbruksteknik @sv
broader: engineering
source: MGH

dairy farm
type: Concept
definition: A commercial establishment for processing or selling milk and milk products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βουστάσιο @el
broader: dairy industry
related match: Dairy farming
source: AMHER

dairy industry
type: Concept
definition: Production of food made from milk or milk products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: food industry
narrower: dairy farm
related match: Dairy
source: MGH

dairy product
type: Concept
definition: Products derived from milk, such as butter, cheese, lactose, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: foodstuff
narrower: milk
source: CED

dam
type: Concept
definition: Structure constructed across a watercourse or stream channel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fördämning @sv
broader: hydraulic construction
narrower: storage dam
narrower: overflow (outlet)
related: hydraulic engineering
source: LANDY

damage
type: Concept
definition: An injury or harm impairing the function or condition of a person or thing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ζημία @el
alternative label: ελάττωμα @el
broader: civil law
source: CED

damage from military manoeuvres
type: Concept
definition: Injury or harm resulting from the planned movement of armed forces or from the tactical exercises simulating war operations that is carried out for training and evaluation purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: military activities
source: GT2
source: JSS

damage prevention
type: Concept
definition: The aggregate of approaches and measures to ensure that human action or natural phenomena do not cause damage. It implies the formulation and implementation of long-range policies and programmes to eliminate or prevent the damages caused by disasters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sprečavanje štete @hr
broader: prevention measure
source: GUNN

hazardous chemical export
type: Concept
definition: Transporting substances capable of producing adverse health effects, fires or explosions to other countries or areas for the conduct of foreign trade.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: export
source: MGHME
source: TOE

dangerous goods
type: Concept
definition: Goods or products that are full of hazards or risks when used, transported, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: goods
related: dangerous goods law
related: dangerous goods regulation
source: ISEP

agricultural equipment
type: Concept
definition: Machines utilized for tillage, planting, cultivation, and harvesting of crops.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako makineria
alternative label: poljoprivredna mehanizacija @hr
alternative label: poľnohospodárska mechanizácia @sk
broader: equipment
related: farming technique
related match: Agricultural machinery
source: MGH

dangerous goods law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental legislation
related: dangerous goods

dangerous goods regulation
type: Concept
definition: Rules on the handling of articles or substances capable of posing a significant risk to health, safety, or property, and that ordinarily require special attention when being transported.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regulation
related: dangerous goods
source: TOLGAR

data acquisition
type: Concept
definition: The act of collecting and gathering individual facts, statistics or other items of information.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άμεση κτήση δεδομένων @el
alternative label: skupljanje podataka @hr
alternative label: pribavljanje podataka @hr
alternative label: datafångst @sv
broader: environmental data
broader: informatics
source: RHW

data analysis
type: Concept
definition: The evaluation of digital data, i.e. data represented by a sequence of code characters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: datu-analisi
broader: analysis
related: statistics
source: MGH

data base
type: Concept
definition: A computerized compilation of data, facts and records that is organized for convenient access, management and updating.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: podatkovna baza @hr
broader: informatics
narrower: relational database
related: literature data bank
related match: Database
source: WIC

data carrier
type: Concept
definition: A medium on which data can be recorded, and which is usually easily transportable, such as cards, tape, paper, or disks.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nosilac podataka @hr
broader: equipment
narrower: magnetic tape
related: data exchange
source: MGH

data exchange
type: Concept
definition: A reciprocal transfer of individual facts, statistics or items of information between two or more parties for the purpose of enhancing knowledge of the participants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information exchange
narrower: interchange of electronic data
related: data carrier
source: RHW

data processing
type: Concept
definition: Any operation or combination of operations on data, including everything that happens to data from the time they are observed or collected to the time they are destroyed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: evaluation
narrower: image processing
related: information processing
related: data processing system
related match: Computer data processing
source: MGH

data protection
type: Concept
definition: Policies, procedures or devices designed to maintain the integrity or security of informational elements in storage or in transmission.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: informatics
related match: Information privacy
source: ISEP

data recording technique
type: Concept
definition: The body of specialized procedures and methods used for the preservation, collocation or registration of individual elements of information.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tehnika evidentiranja podataka @hr
broader: monitoring technique
narrower: automatic detection
source: APD
source: RHW

agricultural exploitation
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako ustiaketa
broader: agricultural production

dating
type: Concept
definition: Any of several techniques such as radioactive dating, dendrochronology, or varve dating, for establishing the age of rocks, palaeontological or archaeological specimens, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ajoittaminen @fi
broader: methodology
source: CED

decay product
type: Concept
definition: An isotope formed by the radioactive decay of some other isotope. This newly formed isotope possesses physical and chemical properties that are different from those of its parent isotope, and may also be radioactive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: degradation product
source: LEE

DDT
type: Concept
definition: A persistent organochlorine insecticide, also known as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, that was introduced in the 1940s and used widely because of its persistence (meaning repeated applications were unnecessary), its low toxicity to mammals and its simplicity and cheapness of manufacture. It became dispersed all over the world and, with other organochlorines, had a disruptive effect on species high in food chains, especially on the breeding success of certain predatory birds. DDT is very stable, relatively insoluble in water, but highly soluble in fats. Health effects on humans are not clear, but it is less toxic than related compounds. It is poisonous to other vertebrates, especially fish, and is stored in the fatty tissue of animals as sublethal amounts of the less toxic DDE. Because of its effects on wildlife its use in most countries is now forbidden or strictly limited.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chloroethylene
related: insecticide
source: ALL
source: MGH

acceptable risk level
type: Concept
definition: Level of risk judged to be outweighed by corresponding benefits or one that is of such a degree that it is considered to pose minimal potential for adverse effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
related: risk assessment
source: EPAGLO

debt
type: Concept
definition: Something owed to someone else.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: credit
narrower: developing countries debt
narrower: public debt
source: SCRUZ

debt service
type: Concept
definition: The fees or amount of money necessary to pay interest on an outstanding debt, the principal of maturing serial bonds, and the required contributions to an amortization or sinking fund for term bonds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: servisiranje duga @hr
broader: financing
source: EFP

racking
type: Concept
definition: The mechanical dewatering of a wet solid by pouring off the liquid without disturbing the underlying sediment or precipitate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: otakanje @hr
alternative label: slamavskiljning @sv
broader: industrial process
source: LEE

decentralisation
type: Concept
definition: Basic organizational leadership concept and process of shifting and delegating power and authority from a higher level to subordinate levels within the administrative/managerial hierarchy in order to promote independence, responsibility, and quicker decision-making in applying or interpreting policies and procedures to the needs of these levels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public function
related match: Decentralization

deciduous forest
type: Concept
definition: The temperate forests comprised of trees that seasonally shed their leaves, located in the east of the USA, in Western Europe from the Alps to Scandinavia, and in the eastern Asia. The hardwood of these forests have been exploited since the 16th century. The trees of deciduous forests usually produce nuts and winged seeds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: listopadna šuma @hr
broader: forest
related match: Temperate deciduous forest
source: WRIGHT

deciduous tree
type: Concept
definition: Tree losing its leaves in autumn and growing new ones in the spring.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bjelogorično stablo @hr
broader: tree
related match: Deciduous
source: CAMB

decision
type: Concept
definition: Means the exercise of agency authority at any stage of an undertaking where alterations might be made in the undertaking to modify its impact upon historic and cultural properties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
source: LANDY

decision process
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: management
narrower: management contract
narrower: decision making support
narrower: approval of installations
narrower: restriction of production
related match: Decision making

decomposition
type: Concept
definition: The more or less permanent breakdown of a molecule into simpler molecules or atoms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διάσπαση @el
alternative label: vittring @sv
alternative label: sönderdelning @sv
alternative label: sönderfall @sv
alternative label: nedbrytning @sv
broader: physicochemical process
source: MGH

decontamination
type: Concept
definition: The removing of chemical, biological, or radiological contamination from, or the neutralizing of it on a person, object, or area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sanering @sv
broader: intervention on land
narrower: chemical decontamination
narrower: radioactive decontamination
narrower: soil decontamination
related: pollutant elimination
related match: Human decontamination
source: LANDY

agricultural land
type: Concept
definition: Land used primarily for the production of plant or animal crops, including arable agriculture, dairying, pasturage, apiaries, horticulture, floriculture, viticulture, animal husbandry and the necessary lands and structures needed for packing, processing, treating, or storing the produce.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-lur
broader: rural area
source: DUNSTE

decree
type: Concept
definition: A declaration of the court announcing the legal consequences of the facts found.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απόφαση (δικαστηρίου) @el
alternative label: tuomioistuinratkaisu @fi
alternative label: sudska odluka @hr
alternative label: ukaz @hr
alternative label: rješenje @hr
alternative label: dekret @hr
alternative label: odluka @hr
alternative label: naredba @hr
alternative label: förordning @sv
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: ministerial decree
source: BLACK

deep sea
type: Concept
definition: Region of open ocean beyond the continental shelf.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: suuret syvänteet @fi
alternative label: djuphavs- @sv
broader: sea
source: ECHO1

deep sea deposit
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Talog u dubokom moru @hr
broader: mineral deposit

deep-sea disposal
type: Concept
definition: The disposal of solid waste or sludge by carrying the wastes out to sea, usually in a barge, and dumping into deep water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsas zabalera isurtze
broader: sinking of waste
related: marine pollution
source: WWC

deep sea fishing
type: Concept
definition: Fishing in the deepest parts of the sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υπερπόντια αλιεία @el
alternative label: alturako arrantza
alternative label: ribolov u dubokom moru @hr
alternative label: djuphavsfiske @sv
broader: marine fishery
related match: Recreational boat fishing
source: PHC

deer
type: Concept
definition: The common name for 41 species of even-toed ungulates that compose the family Cervidae in the order Artiodactyla; males have antlers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έλαφος @el
alternative label: rådjur @sv
broader: ungulate
source: MGH

defence
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of protecting citizens or any geographical area by preparing for or by using military means to resist the attack of an enemy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αντίκρουση @el
alternative label: υπεράσπιση @el
alternative label: skydd @sv
broader: international relations
related: military activities
related match: Defense
source: OED

defoliation
type: Concept
definition: 1) The drop of foliage from plants caused by herbicides such as Agent Orange, diuron, triazines, all of which interfere with photosynthesis. The use of defoliants, as in Vietnam or in jungle clearance for agriculture, can permanently destroy tropical forests. Once the tree cover is removed, the soil is subjected to erosion and precious nutrients are rapidly leached away. 2) Destroying (an area of jungle, forest, etc.) as by chemical sprays or incendiary bombs, in order to give enemy troops or guerilla forces no place of concealment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: defoliazio
alternative label: otpadanje iglica @hr
alternative label: defolijacija @hr
alternative label: barrförlust @sv
alternative label: avlövning @sv
broader: pollution effect
related: biological effect of pollution
related match: Defoliant
source: PORT
source: WEBSTE

deforestation
type: Concept
definition: The removal of forest and undergrowth to increase the surface of arable land or to use the timber for construction or industrial purposes. Forest and its undergrowth possess a very high water-retaining capacity, inhibiting runoff of rainwater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποδάσωση @el
alternative label: baso-soiltze
alternative label: deforestacija @hr
alternative label: kalhuggning @sv
alternative label: avskogning @sv
broader: forestry
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9352
related: climatic change
source: GILP

degradability
type: Concept
definition: The capacity of being decomposed chemically or biologically.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διασπασιμότητα @el
alternative label: razgradivost @hr
alternative label: komposterbarhet @sv
broader: chemical property
narrower: biodegradability
related: weakly degradable substance
related: behaviour of substances
related: pollutant degradation
source: CED

agricultural landscape
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-paisaia
broader: landscape
narrower: bocage

degradation
type: Concept
definition: A type of organic chemical reaction in which a compound is converted into a simpler compound in stages.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φθορά @el
alternative label: υποβάθμιση @el
alternative label: eroosio @fi
alternative label: vittring @sv
broader: physicochemical process
narrower: biodegradation
narrower: chemical degradation
related: pyrolysis
source: ALL2

degradation of natural resources
type: Concept
definition: The result of the cumulative activities of farmers, households, and industries, all trying to improve their socio-economic well being. These activities tend to be counterproductive for several reasons. People may not completely understand the long-term consequences of their activities on the natural resource base. The most important ways in which human activity is interfering with the global ecosystem are: a) fossil fuel burning which may double the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration by the middle of the next century, as well as further increasing the emissions of sulphur and nitrogen very significantly; b) expanding agriculture and forestry and the associated use of fertilizers (nitrogen and phosphorous) are significantly altering the natural circulation of these nutrients; c) increased exploitation of the freshwater system both for irrigation in agriculture and industry and for waste disposal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natur baliabideen narriadura
alternative label: degradacija prirodnih resursa @hr
broader: effect
related: resource exploitation
source: WPR

degradation product
type: Concept
definition: Those chemicals resulting from partial decomposition or chemical breakdown of substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
narrower: decay product
source: LEE

degreasing
type: Concept
definition: 1) Removing grease from wool with chemicals. 2) Removing grease from hides or skins in tanning by tumbling them in solvents. 3) Removing grease, oil, or fatty material from a metal surface with fumes from a hot solvent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical process
broader: physical process
broader: industrial process
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9289
source: MGH

de-inking
type: Concept
definition: Series of processes by which various types of printing inks are removed from paper fibre pulp during the pre-processing and recycling of recovered paper products. Particularly necessary where high quality and whiteness of the finished product are required.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: avsvärtning @sv
broader: physicochemical treatment
source: GRAHAW

delinquency
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social problem
narrower: vandalism
related match: Delinquent

delta
type: Concept
definition: A delta is a vast, fan-shaped creation of land, or low-lying plain, formed from successive layers of sediment washed from uplands to the mouth of some rivers, such as the Nile, the Mississippi and the Ganges. The nutrient-rich sediment is deposited by rivers at the point where, or before which, the river flows into the sea. Deltas are formed when rivers supply and deposit sediments more quickly that they can be removed by waves of ocean currents. The importance of deltas was first discovered by prehistoric man, who was attracted to them because of their abundant animal and plant life. Connecting waterways through the deltas later provided natural routes for navigation and trade, and opened up access to the interior. Deltas are highly fertile and often highly populated areas. They would be under serious threat of flooding from any sea-level rise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: river
source: WRIGHT

demand
type: Concept
definition: The desire, ability and willingness of an individual to purchase a good or service. The consumer must have the funds or the ability to obtain funds in order to convert the desire into demand. The demand of a buyer for a certain good is a schedule of the quantities of that good which the individual would buy at possible alternative prices at a given moment in time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αξίωση @el
alternative label: απαίτηση @el
alternative label: vaatimus @fi
alternative label: zahtjev @hr
broader: supply and demand
related match: Demand (economics)
source: GREENW

democracy
type: Concept
definition: A system of governance in which ultimate authority power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their freely elected agents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δημοκρατικό πολίτευμα @el
alternative label: δημοκρατική χώρα @el
broader: political organisation
source: APS

demographic development
type: Concept
definition: Growth in the number of individuals of a population.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: demografisk förändring @sv
broader: demography
narrower: demographic evolution
narrower: overpopulation
source: ZINZAN

demographic evolution
type: Concept
definition: The gradual pattern of change in the growth of human populations in a particular region or country, from a rapid increase in the birth and death rates to a leveling off in the growth rate due to reduced fertility and other factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eboluzio demografiko
alternative label: demografski razvoj @hr
alternative label: demografisk förändring @sv
broader: demographic development
narrower: mortality
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/917
source: ANT
source: DOE

agricultural legislation
type: Concept
definition: Agricultural law is a blend of traditional fields of law including the law of contracts, bailments, torts, criminal, environmental, property, nuisance, wills and estates, and tax law. As such, it is a gathering of statutory and common law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-legeria
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: rural law
narrower: fertiliser law
narrower: forage law
related: agriculture
source: FREEAD

demography
type: Concept
definition: The statistical study of human vital statistics and population dynamics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: demographic development
narrower: human population
narrower: population trend
source: LANDY

demolition business
type: Concept
definition: The activity of reducing buildings or other structures to rubble.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public works
source: OED

demolition waste
type: Concept
definition: Masonry or rubble wastes arising from the demolition of buildings or other civil engineering structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zabor
alternative label: eraiste-hondakin
alternative label: obra-hondakin
broader: building waste

demonstrability
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mogućnost dokazivanja @hr
broader: evaluation

dendrochronology
type: Concept
definition: The science of dating the age of a tree by studying annual growth rings. It is also employed to interpret previous environments and climatic variations by examining certain kinds of trees. It is based on the theory that the width of the growth ring reflects the amount of rainfall and the temperature of the year in which it was formed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/971
source: WRIGHT

agricultural machinery
type: Concept
definition: Machines utilized for tillage, planting, cultivation and harvesting of crops. Despite its benefits in increasing yields, mechanisation has clearly had some adverse environmental effects: deep ploughing exposes more soil to wind and water erosion; crop residues can be removed as opposed to ploughing back into the soil; removal of residues can lead to a serious loss of organic content in the soil, which may increase the risk of soil erosion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako makineria
alternative label: poljoprivredni strojevi @hr
alternative label: poľnohospodárska mechanizácia @sk
broader: machinery
related: farming technique
source: DOBRIS
source: MGH

dendrometry
type: Concept
definition: The measuring of the diameter of standing trees from the ground with a dendrometer that can also be used to measure tree heights.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: methodology
related: tree
source: DUNSTE

denitrification
type: Concept
definition: 1) The loss of nitrogen from soil by biological or chemical means. It is a gaseous loss, unrelated to loss by physical processes such as through leachates. 2) The breakdown of nitrates by soil bacteria, resulting in the release of free nitrogen. This process takes place under anaerobic conditions, such as are found in water-logged soil, and it reduces soil fertility.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διάσπαση νιτρικών @el
alternative label: denitrifikation @sv
broader: removal
source: ALL
source: WRIGHT

denitrification of waste gas
type: Concept
definition: Current methods for controlling NOx emissions in motor vehicles include retardation of spark timing, increasing the air/fuel ratio, injecting water into the cylinders, decreasing the compression ratio, and recirculating exhaust gas. For stationary sources, one abatement method is to use a lower NOx producing fuel or to modify the combustion process by injecting steam into the combustion chamber.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste air purification (gas)
related: gas purification
related: exhaust gas
source: PZ

agricultural management
type: Concept
definition: The administration or handling of soil, crops and livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzaren kudeaketa
broader: management
broader: environmental management
related: agriculture
related match: Agricultural science
source: OED

deposited particulate matter
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jaliktako zatikiak
broader: atmospheric particulate

deposition
type: Concept
definition: The process by which polluting material is precipitated from the atmosphere and accumulates in ecosystems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (μαρτυρική) κατάθεση @el
alternative label: kerrostuma @fi
alternative label: laskeuma @fi
alternative label: spad @sk
alternative label: uppläggning @sv
broader: pollution
narrower: pollutant deposition
narrower: fallout
narrower: acid deposition
source: APD

deregulation
type: Concept
definition: The removal or relaxation of government control over the economic activities of some commercial entity, industry or economic sector.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κατάργηση των ρυθμίσεων @el
broader: economic policy
source: ODE

dermapteran
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect

desalination
type: Concept
definition: Removal of salt, as from water or soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical treatment
narrower: water desalination
source: MGH

desalination plant
type: Concept
definition: 1) Plants for the extraction of fresh water from saltwater by the removal of salts, usually by distilling. 2) Parts of the world with severe water shortages are looking to desalination plants to solve their problems. Desalination of water is still nearly four times more expensive than obtaining water from conventional sources. However technology is improving and costs are likely to decrease slightly in the future. There is now more interest in building distillation plants beside electric installations so that the waste heat from power generation can be used to drive the desalination process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pogon za desalinizaciju @hr
broader: industrial plant (building)
related: water desalination
related match: Desalination
source: ALL
source: WRIGHT

agreement (administrative)
type: Concept
definition: A coming together of minds; a coming together in opinion or determination; the coming together in accord of two minds on a given proposition. In law, a concord of understanding and intention between two or more parties with respect to the effect upon their relative rights and duties, of certain past or future facts or performances. The consent of two or more persons concerning respecting the transmission of some property, right, or benefits, with the view of contracting an obligation, a mutual obligation. The union of two or more minds in a thing done or to be done; a mutual assent to do a thing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sporazum @hr
alternative label: suglasnost @hr
alternative label: nagodba @hr
alternative label: dogovor @hr
broader: administrative procedure
source: WESTS

agricultural method
type: Concept
definition: Practices and techniques employed in agriculture to improve yields and productivity. Over the last few decades they have undergone big changes: tilling, sowing and harvesting have become increasingly mechanised, and the methods of applying fertilisers and pesticides have become more sophisticated. Many changes within the agricultural system can be summed up by "intensification". The result and aim of intensification has been to achieve increases in production, yields and labour productivity in agriculture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-teknika
broader: agriculture
narrower: crop treatment
narrower: phytosanitary treatment
narrower: manure production
narrower: spurting
narrower: cultivation of agricultural land
narrower: utilisation of pesticides
narrower: pressing
narrower: cutting (vegetative propagation)
narrower: shifting cultivation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9373
narrower: crop rotation
narrower: farming technique
narrower: irrigation
narrower: soil fertilisation
narrower: pruning
narrower: composting
narrower: market gardening
narrower: controlled burning
narrower: mowing
narrower: draining
related: method
source: DOBRIS

desert
type: Concept
definition: A wide, open, comparatively barren tract of land with few forms of life and little rainfall.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: desertu
broader: arid land
source: MGH

desertification
type: Concept
definition: 1) The development of desert conditions as a result of human activity or climatic changes. 2) The process of land damage which allows the soil to spread like a desert in arid and semi-arid regions. There is a loss of vegetative cover and the soil deteriorates in texture, nutrient content and fertility. Desertification affects the lives of three-quarters of the world's population, 70% of all drylands and one quarter of the total land area of the planet. There are many reasons for desertification, but the majority are caused by human activities, overgrazing, deforestation, poor land management and over-exploitation. Agenda 21 states that the priority in combating desertification should be establishing preventive measures for lands that are not yet, or are only slightly, degraded.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: desertifikazio
alternative label: dezertifikacija @hr
broader: environmental change
related: forest cover destruction
related: drought
related: desertification control
source: LBC
source: WRIGHT

desertification control
type: Concept
definition: Remedial and preventive actions adopted against desertification include irrigation, planting of trees and grasses, the erection of fences to secure sand dunes, and a careful management of water resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: basamortutzearen kontrol
alternative label: kontrola dezertifikacije @hr
broader: environmental control
related: desertification
source: WRIGHT

desert locust
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: grasshopper

design (project)
type: Concept
definition: A graphic representation, especially a detailed plan for construction or manufacture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental planning
broader: industrial process
narrower: urban design
source: AMHER

desk study
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: teorijska studija @hr
alternative label: studie baserad på dokumentation @sv
broader: evaluation

desorption
type: Concept
definition: The process of removing a sorbed substance by the reverse of adsorption or absorption.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποδέσμευση @el
alternative label: αποβολή @el
broader: physicochemical process
related: sorption
source: MGH

agricultural pest
type: Concept
definition: Insects and mites that damage crops, weeds that compete with field crops for nutrients and water, plants that choke irrigation channels or drainage systems, rodents that eat young plants and grain, and birds that eat seedlings or stored foodstuffs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako izurri
broader: pest
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9280
related match: Pest (organism)
source: WRIGHT

desulphurisation
type: Concept
definition: The removal of sulphur, as from molten metals or petroleum oil. Sulphur residues in fuels end up as sulphur dioxide when the fuel is burned causing acid rain.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: desulfurizacija @hr
broader: removal
source: MGH

desulphurisation of fuel
type: Concept
definition: Removal of sulfur from fossil fuels (or removal of sulfur dioxide from combustion fuel gases) to reduce pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: desulfurizacija goriva @hr
broader: chemical treatment
source: LEE

detection
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of discovering evidence or proof of governmental, legal or ethical violations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φώραση @el
alternative label: εντοπισμός @el
alternative label: detekcija @hr
broader: administrative procedure
source: RHW

detector
type: Concept
definition: A mechanical, electrical, or chemical device that automatically identifies and records or registers a stimulus, such as an environmental change in pressure or temperature, an electrical signal, or radiation from a radioactive material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φωρατής @el
broader: monitoring equipment
related match: Sensor
source: AMHER

agricultural planning
type: Concept
definition: The development of plans and measures to achieve greater and more efficient output from agriculture; a sound agricultural policy should be able to reconcile three basic needs: the production of food and agricultural products, the protection of the environment and the maintenance of the socio-economic structure of rural areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzaren plangintza
broader: environmental planning
narrower: rural development
narrower: rural management and planning
related: agriculture
source: DOBRIS

detergent
type: Concept
definition: A surface-active agent used for removing dirt and grease from a variety of surfaces and materials. Early detergents contained alkyl sulphonates, which proved resistant to bacterial decomposition, causing foaming in rivers and difficulties in sewage treatment plants. These hard detergents were replaced during the 1960s with soft biodegradable detergents. Apprehension continues to be expressed about the use of phosphates in detergents, helping to promote the process of eutrophication. No satisfactory substitute has yet emerged.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garbigarri
alternative label: sredstvo za čišćenje @hr
broader: cleansing product
narrower: synthetic detergent
related: surface-active agent
source: GILP96

determination method
type: Concept
definition: Method employed in the assessment or in the evaluation of a quantity, a quality, a fact, an event, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: method
source: ZINZAN

deterrent
type: Concept
definition: Any measure, implement or policy designed to discourage or restrain the actions or advance of another agent, organization or state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pelote @fi
broader: deterrence
related match: Deterrence
source: RHW

detoxification
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of removing a poison or the toxic properties of a substance in the body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποτοξίκωση @el
alternative label: εξουδετέρωση τοξικών ουσιών @el
broader: health protection
source: MGH

developed country
type: Concept
definition: A nation possessing a relatively high degree of industrialization, infrastructure and other capital investment, sophisticated technology, widespread literacy and advanced living standards among its populations as a whole.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: status of development
source: UIA

agricultural policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted by government or some other organization that determines how to deal with matters involving the cultivation of land; raising crops; feeding, breeding and raising livestock or poultry; and other farming issues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-politika
broader: policy
source: RHW

developing countries debt
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: debt

developing country
type: Concept
definition: A country whose people are beginning to utilize available resources in order to bring about a sustained increase in per capita production of goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: u-länder @sv
broader: status of development
source: GREENW

development aid
type: Concept
definition: The economic assistance or other types of support provided to developing countries to promote or encourage advancement in living standards, institutions, infrastructure, agricultural practices and other aspects of an economy, and to resolve problems typically associated with developing countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aid policy
source: ODE

development area
type: Concept
definition: Area which has been given special help from a government to encourage business and factories to be set up there.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναπτυξιακή περιοχή @el
alternative label: utvecklingsområde @sv
broader: land setup
source: PHC

development co-operation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: utvecklingssamarbete @sv
broader: co-operation

development model
type: Concept
definition: A description, representation, or conception of the economic advancement process of a region or people.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic growth
related match: Economic growth
source: ISEP
source: OED

development pattern
type: Concept
definition: The combination of qualities, structures, acts and tendencies characterizing the economic and social growth of a community or human group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social process
source: RHW

agricultural pollution
type: Concept
definition: The liquid or solid wastes from farming, including: runoff from pesticides, fertilizers, and feedlots; erosion and dust from plowing; animal manure and carcasses, crop residues, and debris.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-kutsadura
alternative label: nekazaritza-poluzio
alternative label: laborantz
broader: pollution type
source: LANDY

development planning
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of formulating a course of action that promotes the economic advancement of a region or people, particularly in countries known to have low levels of economic productivity and technological sophistication.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: planning
source: WBG
source: OED

development plan
type: Concept
definition: The statement of local planning policies that each local planning authority is required by statute to maintain, and which can only be made or altered by following the procedures prescribed for that purpose, which include obligations to consult widely and to hold a public local inquiry into objections. The development plan includes: 1) the structure plan for the area (normally prepared by the country council); 2) an area-wide development plan for each district council area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: plan razvoja @hr
broader: plan
source: GRAHAW

dialysis
type: Concept
definition: A process of selective diffusion through a membrane; usually used to separate low-molecular-weight solutes which diffuse through the membrane from the colloidal and high-molecular-weight solutes which do not.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πλύση @el
alternative label: αιμοκάθαρση @el
alternative label: διαπίδυση @el
broader: physicochemical process
related: separation
source: MGH

diatom
type: Concept
definition: Unicellular algae, some of which are colonial, green or brownish in colour (but all contain chlorophyll) and with siliceous and often highly sculptured cell walls. Diatoms make up much of the producer level in marine and freshwater food chains, and they have contributed to the formation of oil reserves. Deposits of diatomaceous earths were formed by the accumulation of diatom cell walls.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chrysophyta
source: ALL

dictionary
type: Concept
definition: A reference book containing an explanatory alphabetical list of words, as a book listing a comprehensive or restricted selection of the words of a language; identifying usually, the phonetic, grammatical, and semantic value of each word, often with etymology, citations, and usage guidance and other information.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document type
source: ISEP
source: RHW

didactics
type: Concept
definition: The art or science of teaching.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: education
narrower: school life
narrower: educational system
narrower: teaching material
narrower: schoolwork
narrower: teaching
related match: Didactic method
source: CED

diesel engine
type: Concept
definition: An internal combustion engine operating on a thermodynamic cycle in which the ratio of compression of the air charge is sufficiently high to ignite the fuel subsequently injected into the combustion chamber.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κινητήρας ντίζελ @el
alternative label: dizel-motor @hr
broader: combustion engine
source: MGH

diesel fuel
type: Concept
definition: Heavy oil residue used as fuel for certain types of diesel engines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πετρέλαιο ντίζελ @el
alternative label: dizel-gorivo @hr
broader: motor fuel
source: MGH

differentiation
type: Concept
definition: The development of cells so that they are capable of performing specialized functions in the organs and tissues of the organisms to which they belong.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: porrastaminen @fi
broader: biological process
source: UVAROV

diffuse source
type: Concept
definition: Pollution which arises from various activities with no discrete source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jatorri barreiatuko iturri
broader: source of pollution
related: diffuse pollution
source: GRAHAW

diffusion
type: Concept
definition: The spontaneous movement and scattering of particles (atoms and molecules), of liquid, gases, and solids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: difusio
alternative label: hajaantunut @fi
alternative label: hajaantua @fi
broader: physical process
source: MGH

digested sludge
type: Concept
definition: Sludge or thickened mixture of sewage solids with water that has been decomposed by anaerobic bacteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sewage sludge
source: MGH

digester
type: Concept
definition: Machine which takes refuse and produces gas such as methane from it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δεξαμενή χώνευσης @el
alternative label: mädätyssäiliö @fi
broader: purification facility
related match: Anaerobic digestion
source: PHC

agricultural production
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nekazaritza-ekoizpen
alternative label: laborant
alternative label: laborantza-produkzio
broader: agriculture
narrower: means of agricultural production
narrower: agricultural exploitation
narrower: crop production
narrower: cash crop
narrower: plant production
narrower: industrial crop
narrower: harvest
narrower: yield (agricultural)
related: agriculture and cattle industry
related: agricultural product
related match: Primary sector of the economy

digestion (sewage)
type: Concept
definition: The reduction in volume and the decomposition of highly putrescible organic matter to relatively stable or inert organic and inorganic compounds. Sludge digestion is usually done by aerobic organisms in the absence of free oxygen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: syövyttävä liuotus @fi
alternative label: digestija @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121

digital land model
type: Concept
definition: A representation of a surface's topography stored in a numerical format. Each pixel has been assigned coordinates and an altitude.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: model
source: CCRS

digitising
type: Concept
definition: The process of converting data to a form used in computers, transmitted or stored with digital technology and expressed as a string of 0's and 1's.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: informatics
related match: Digitizing
source: WIC

access road
type: Concept
definition: Any street or narrow stretch of paved surface that leads to a specific destination, such as a main highway.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sartzeko bide
alternative label: pristupni put @hr
broader: road
related match: Frontage road
source: RHW

agricultural product
type: Concept
definition: The output of the cultivation of the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-produktu
broader: product
narrower: processed agricultural produce
narrower: root crop
related: agricultural production
source: RRDA

diluted acid
type: Concept
definition: A less concentrated acid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acid
source: MGH

dioxin
type: Concept
definition: A by-product formed during the preparation of the herbicide 2, 4, 5-T, and sometimes produced by the incineration of chlorinated organic compounds. It may also occur naturally and is distributed widely in the environment, except locally in extremely low concentrations. Substantial amounts were released by the industrial accident of Seveso in 1976.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: heterocyclic compound
broader: organooxygen compound
narrower: polychlordibenzo-p-dioxin
related: halogenated pollutant
source: ALL

direct discharger
type: Concept
definition: Factories and industrial concerns which do not discharge their sewage directly into public sewers, but directly into a waterway.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
source: AZENP

directive
type: Concept
definition: The second rank of administrative acts (inferior to regulations, superior to decisions) made by the council or commission of the European Communities on order to carry out their tasks in accordance with the Treaties. They must be addressed to states, not individuals, but many create rights for individuals or allow the directive to be pleaded before municipal court.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zuzendaritza-batzorde
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: EIA directive
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9207
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9215
narrower: EC directive

disabled person
type: Concept
definition: Person lacking one or more physical power, such as the ability to walk or to coordinate one's movements, as from the effects of a disease or accident, or through mental impairment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άτομο με ειδικές ανάγκες (ΑΜΕΑ) @el
alternative label: invalid @hr
broader: minority
source: CED

disaster
type: Concept
definition: The result of a vast ecological breakdown in the relations between man and his environment, a serious and sudden event (or slow, as in drought) on such a scale that the stricken community needs extraordinary efforts to cope with it, often with outside help or international aid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prirodna nesreća @hr
narrower: catastrophe
narrower: fire
narrower: natural disaster
narrower: human-made disaster
related: accident
related: disaster zone
source: GUNN

disaster cleanup operation
type: Concept
definition: A course or procedure of activity designed to clear the debris or remove harmful substances left by an ecological calamity, natural or human in origin, in a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sanacija posljedica nesreće @hr
broader: disaster relief
source: ISEP
source: TOE

disaster contingency plan
type: Concept
definition: An anticipatory emergency plan to be followed in an expected or eventual disaster, based on risk assessment, availability of human and material resources, community preparedness, local and international response capability, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
narrower: environmental contingency planning
related: planning
source: ECHO1

disaster control service
type: Concept
definition: Work done or agency established to analyze, plan, assign and coordinate available resources in order to prepare for, respond to, mitigate and recover from damage caused by an ecological calamity, natural or human in origin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: honda
alternative label: hondamendia kontrolatzeko zerbitzu
broader: disaster relief
source: ISEP
source: PPB

disaster preparedness
type: Concept
definition: The aggregate of measures to be taken in view of disasters, consisting of plans and action programmes designed to minimize loss of life and damage, to organize and facilitate effective rescue and relief, and to rehabilitate after disaster. Preparedness requires the necessary legislation and means to cope with disaster or similar emergency situations. It is also concerned with forecasting and warning, the education and training of the public, organization and management, including plans, training of personnel, the stockpiling of supplies and ensuring the needed funds and other resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: spremnost za katastrofe @hr
broader: risk assessment
related match: Emergency management
source: GUNN

disaster prevention
type: Concept
definition: The aggregate of approaches and measures to ensure that human action or natural phenomena do not cause or result in disaster or similar emergency. It implies the formulation and implementation of long-range policies and programmes to eliminate or prevent the occurrence of disasters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prevencija katastrofa i nesreća @hr
broader: prevention measure
related match: Emergency management
source: GUNN

disaster relief
type: Concept
definition: Money, food or other assistance provided for those surviving a sudden, calamitous event causing loss of life, damage or hardship.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
narrower: disaster cleanup operation
narrower: disaster control service
related match: Emergency management
source: RHW

discharge legislation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9091

discharge regime
type: Concept
definition: The rate of flow of a river at a particular moment in time, related to its volume and its velocity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrologic balance
source: WHIT

disease
type: Concept
definition: A definite pathological process having a characteristic set of signs and symptoms which are detrimental to the well-being of the individual.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eritasun
narrower: radiation damage
narrower: infection
narrower: animal disease
narrower: nuisance
narrower: clinical symptom
narrower: plant disease
narrower: human disease
source: KOREN

disease cause
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gaixotasunaren kausa
alternative label: uzrok bolesti @hr
broader: health-environment relationship
narrower: pathogen
narrower: germ
narrower: human exposure to pollutants
narrower: enterovirus
narrower: smoking
narrower: carcinogen
narrower: mutagen
narrower: allergen
narrower: toxin
narrower: poison
narrower: teratogen

disinfectant
type: Concept
definition: An agent, such as heat, radiation, or a chemical, that disinfects by destroying, neutralizing, or inhibiting the growth of disease-carrying microorganisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dezinficijens @hr
broader: chemical product
source: AMHER

disinfection
type: Concept
definition: The complex of physical, chemical or mechanical operations undertaken to destroy pathogenic germs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public health
related: sterilisation (process)
related match: Disinfectant
source: CED
source: ZINZAN

agricultural storage
type: Concept
definition: Any deposit or holdings of farm products, fertilizers, grains, feed and other related supplies in facilities or containers, often to prevent contamination or for times when production cannot meet demand.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-produktuen biltegiratze
broader: storage (process)
source: AGP

dispatch note
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bidalketa-agiri
alternative label: obavijest o otpremi @hr
broader: permission

dispersion
type: Concept
definition: A distribution of finely divided particles in a medium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διασκορπισμός @el
alternative label: sakabanatze
alternative label: raspršenje @hr
alternative label: rasap @hr
broader: physicochemical process
related: mixing
source: MGH

dispersion calculation
type: Concept
definition: The calculation of pollutant dispersion is based on the use of air dispersion models that mathematically simulate atmospheric conditions and behaviour. Dispersion models can provide concentration or deposition estimates and can be used to evaluate both existing and hypothetical emissions scenarios.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dispertsio-kalkulu
alternative label: izračun raspršenja @hr
broader: evaluation
source: ENVAR

displaced person
type: Concept
definition: Persons who, for different reasons or circumstances, have been compelled to leave their homes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: raseljena osoba @hr
broader: social group
source: GUNN

disposal of the dead
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: group behaviour
related match: Disposal of human corpses

disposal of warfare materials
type: Concept
definition: Disposal of the material remnants of war, which can seriously impede development and cause injuries and the loss of lives and property. The disposal of warfare waste is problematic because it can be highly dangerous, toxic, long-living and requires the utilization of specific and sophisticated technologies, particularly in the case of mines and unexploded bombs which have been left on the war territories.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste disposal
related: armament conversion
source: WPR

dissolution
type: Concept
definition: Dissolving of a material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαχωρισμός @el
alternative label: αποσύνθεση @el
alternative label: purkaminen @fi
broader: physicochemical process
related: solubility
source: MGH

dissolved organic carbon
type: Concept
definition: The fraction of total organic carbon (all carbon atoms covalently bonded in organic molecules) in water that passes through a 0.45 micron pore-diameter filter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic carbon
source: WQA

distillation
type: Concept
definition: The process of producing a gas or vapour from a liquid by heating the liquid in a vessel and collecting and condensing the vapours into liquids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διύλιση @el
alternative label: destillation @sv
broader: physicochemical process
related: physical treatment
source: MGH

distilling industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the manufacture and marketing of alcoholic beverages made by a distillation process of vaporization and condensation, such as vodka, rum, whiskey and other related beverages.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: beverage industry
source: SIC
source: RHW

distortion of competition
type: Concept
definition: Article 85(1) of the EEC Treaty prohibits all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between member states and which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition within the common market. All such arrangements are automatically null and void under Article 85(2), unless exempted by the Commission pursuant to Article 85(3). The text of Article 85 is as follows: "1. The following shall be prohibited as incompatible with the common market: all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices which may affect trade between member states and which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition within the common market, and in particular those which: (a) directly or indirectly fix purchase or selling prices or any other trading conditions; (b) limit or control production, markets, technical development, or investment; (c) share markets or sources of supply; (d) apply dissimilar conditions to equivalent transactions with other trading parties, thereby placing them at a competitive disadvantage; (e) make the conclusion of contracts subject to acceptance by the other parties of supplementary obligations which, by their nature or according to commercial usage, have no connection with the subject of such contracts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: konkurrentziaren desitxuratze
broader: economic competition
source: CLAORG

distribution
type: Concept
definition: In an environmental context, the term refers to the dispersion of air pollutants and depends on the type of pollution source (point source, line source, diffuse source), the wind velocity and the wind direction. Distribution can be active or passive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καταμερισμός @el
alternative label: κατανομή @el
alternative label: utdelning @sv
broader: physical process
source: RRDA

district heating
type: Concept
definition: The supply of heat, either in the form of steam or hot water, from a central source to a group of buildings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urrutiko berokuntza
broader: heat supply
source: MGH

district heating plant
type: Concept
definition: Plant for heating all houses in a district; it consists of a large, efficient, centralized boiler plant or "waste" steam from a power station. The heat is distributed by means of low-pressure steam or high-temperature water to the consumers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urrutiko berokuntzako instalazio
broader: heating plant
source: PHC
source: PORT

disused military site
type: Concept
definition: Military site where all activity has ceased. Such areas, being extremely well sheltered against outside disturbances and in many ways less affected by human landuse than many other open landscapes, can contain significant natural habitats and rare or endangered wildlife. Abandoned military territories constitute an important source of natural landscapes to be managed and restored in an environmentally sound way.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land setup
broader: abandoned industrial site
related: military zone
source: DOBRIS
source: RRDA

ditch
type: Concept
definition: A long, narrow excavation artificially dug in the ground; especially an open and usually unpaved waterway, channel, or trench for conveying water for drainage or irrigation, and usually smaller than a canal. Some ditches may be natural watercourses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lubaki
alternative label: pezoi
broader: valley
source: BJGEO

DNA
type: Concept
definition: The principal material of inheritance. It is found in chromosomes and consists of molecules that are long unbranched chains made up of many nucleotides. Each nucleotide is a combination of phosphoric acid, the monosaccharide deoxyribose and one of four nitrogenous bases: thymine, cytosine, adenine or guanine. The number of possible arrangements of nucleotides along the DNA chain is immense. Usually two DNA strands are linked together in parallel by specific base-pairing and are helically coiled. Replication of DNA molecules is accomplished by separation of the two strands, followed by the building up of matching strands by means of base-pairing, using the two halves as templates. By a mechanism involving RNA, the structure of DNA is translated into the structure of proteins during their synthesis from amino acids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: DΝΑ @el
broader: genetic information
related: nucleic acid
source: ALL

document
type: Concept
definition: Material of any kind, regardless of physical form, which furnishes information, evidence or ideas, including items such as contracts, bills of sale, letters, audio and video recordings, and machine readable data files.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τίτλος @el
alternative label: τεκμήριο @el
alternative label: agiri
alternative label: isprava @hr
alternative label: handling @sv
broader: documentation
narrower: literature data bank
narrower: variety collection
narrower: document type
related: teaching material
source: CCL

documentation
type: Concept
definition: The process of accumulating, classifying and disseminating information, often to support the claim or data given in a book or article.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dokumentazio
broader: information
narrower: video
narrower: film
narrower: document
narrower: CD-ROM
narrower: photograph
related: indexing of documentation
source: OED

documentation centre
type: Concept
definition: Centre for assembling, coding, and disseminating recorded knowledge comprehensively treated as an integral procedure, utilizing various techniques for giving documentary information maximum accessibility and usability.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
narrower: data centre
source: WEBSTE

document type
type: Concept
definition: Any one of a number of diverse classes of written, printed or digitized items furnishing information or evidence, and distinguished by content, form or function.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: agiri-mota
broader: document
narrower: flora (document)
narrower: report to the minister
narrower: statutory text
narrower: chart (act)
narrower: newsletter
narrower: urban development document
narrower: dictionary
narrower: atlas
narrower: thesaurus
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/959
narrower: vocabulary
narrower: glossary
narrower: parliamentary report
narrower: bibliography
narrower: lexicon
narrower: encyclopaedia
narrower: thesis
narrower: geographical projection
source: RHW

dog
type: Concept
definition: A common four-legged animal, especially kept by people as a pet or to hunt or guard things.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εμπλοκέας @el
alternative label: άγκιστρο @el
alternative label: σφιγκτήρας @el
broader: canid
source: CAMB

agricultural waste
type: Concept
definition: Unusable materials, liquid or solid, that result from agricultural practices, such as fertilizers, pesticides, crop residue (such as orchard prunings) and cattle manure.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantzako hondakin
broader: type of waste
narrower: crop waste
related match: Green waste
source: HMD
source: MHD

domestic appliance
type: Concept
definition: A machine or device, especially an electrical one used domestically.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: equipment
narrower: sanitary fitting
narrower: waste bin
related: household
related match: Major appliance
source: CED

domesticated animal
type: Concept
definition: 1) Wild animal which has been trained to live near a house and not be frightened of human beings; 2) species which was formerly wild, now selectively bred to fill human needs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: animalia etxekotu
alternative label: domestikované zviera @sk
broader: animal
narrower: pet
related: animal husbandry
related match: List of domesticated animals
source: PHC

domestic fuel
type: Concept
definition: Fuels obtained from different sources that are used for domestic heating.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fuel
source: RRDA

domestic fuel oil
type: Concept
definition: Liquid petroleum product used in domestic heaters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lož ulje @hr
broader: fuel oil
source: CED

domestic noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise caused by domestic facilities and activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental noise
source: RRDA

access to culture
type: Concept
definition: The ability, right and permission to approach and use, or the general availability of resources that transmit the beliefs, customs, artistic activity and knowledge of a people.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: culture (society)
narrower: information transfer
narrower: access to information
narrower: cultural development
source: PPP
source: RHW

domestic trade
type: Concept
definition: Trade wholly carried on at home; as distinguished from foreign commerce.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: trade (services)
related match: Domestic market
source: WESTS

domestic waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste generated by residential households and comprised of any material no longer wanted or needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kućni otpad @hr
broader: pollution abatement waste
related: domestic waste landfill
related: household
related match: Municipal solid waste
source: EED

domestic waste landfill
type: Concept
definition: Site for the disposal of wastes arising from domestic activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: landfill
related: domestic waste
source: RRDA

domestic waste water
type: Concept
definition: Wastewater principally derived from households, business buildings, institutions, etc., which may or may not contain surface runoff, groundwater or storm water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etxeko ur zikinak
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
source: WWC

dosage
type: Concept
definition: The amount of a substance required to produce an effect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δοσολογία @el
alternative label: δοσομέτρηση @el
alternative label: doziranje @hr
broader: dose
related match: Dose
source: CONFER

dose
type: Concept
definition: The amount of test substance administered. Dose is expressed as weight of test substance (g, mg) per unit weight of test animal (e.g., mg/kg), or as weight of food or drinking water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ποσότητα @el
broader: parameter
narrower: dose-effect relationship
narrower: equivalent dose
narrower: radiation dose
narrower: dosage
source: LEE

dose-effect relationship
type: Concept
definition: The relation between the quantity of a given substance and a measurable or observable effect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dose
source: KOREN

draft legislation
type: Concept
definition: An initial unsigned agreement, treaty, or piece of legislation which is not yet in force.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νομοσχέδια @el
alternative label: lege-proiektu
alternative label: nacrt zakona @hr
broader: legislation
source: DICLAW

dragonfly
type: Concept
definition: Any of the insects composing six families of the suborder Anisoptera and having four large, membranous wings and compound eyes that provide keen vision.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sorgin-orratz
alternative label: vretence @hr
broader: odonate
source: MGH

drainage
type: Concept
definition: 1) Removal of groundwater or surface water, or of water from structures, by gravity or pumping. 2) The discharge of water from a soil by percolation (the process by which surface water moves downwards through cracks, joints and pores in soil and rocks).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποξήρανση @el
alternative label: ύδατα αποχετεύσεων @el
alternative label: vattenavledning @sv
broader: runoff
narrower: subsoil drainage
narrower: drainage system
related: built drainage system
source: MGH
source: WHIT

agriculture
type: Concept
definition: The production of plants and animals useful to man, involving soil cultivation and the breeding and management of crops and livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γεωργικός τομέας @el
alternative label: laborantza
alternative label: lantbruk @sv
narrower: agricultural method
narrower: agricultural structure
narrower: agricultural holding
narrower: crop protection
narrower: cultivation
narrower: agricultural production
narrower: food production (agriculture)
related: agricultural legislation
related: agricultural planning
related: agroindustry
related: rural area
related: animal damage
related: field damage
related: agricultural management
related: environmental impact of agriculture
related: agricultural building
source: MGH

drainage water
type: Concept
definition: Incidental surface waters from diverse sources such as rainfall, snow melt or permafrost melt.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hulevesi @fi
broader: surface water
source: JJK

draught animal
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zaprežna životinja @hr
broader: farm animal
related match: Working animal

dredged material
type: Concept
definition: Unconsolidated material removed from rivers, streams, and shallow seas with machines such as the bucket-ladder dredge, dragline dredge, or suction dredge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: material dragatu
broader: type of waste
related match: Dredging

dredging
type: Concept
definition: Removing solid matter from the bottom of a water area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ruoppausjäte @fi
alternative label: bagrovanie @sk
broader: industrial process
source: MGH

agriculture and cattle industry
type: Concept
definition: Large scale growing of crops and livestock grazing for profit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza eta abeltzaintzaren i
broader: industry
narrower: slaughtering of animals
related: animal production
related: agricultural production
source: RRDA

olive oil mill wastewater
type: Concept
definition: Aqueous residue deriving from the process of oil extraction from olives; it is composed of the olive-combined water and of the water used in the extraction and washing processes. It also contains a certain percentage of mineral compounds and of organic substances that are only partially biodegradable.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oljegrums @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
source: FLGISA
source: UIB

drift net fishing
type: Concept
definition: The use of fishing nets of great length and depth, aptly described as "walls of death" because of the huge numbers of marine mammals, birds, and turtles that became ensnared in them. The Tarawa Declaration of 1989 formulated at the 20th South Pacific Forum, aimed at banning drift netting in the South Pacific. In June 1992 the UN banned drift netting in all the world's oceans.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: trabes-sareko arrantza
alternative label: ribolov potegačama @hr
broader: marine fishery
related match: Drift netting
source: GILP96

drilling
type: Concept
definition: The act of boring holes in the earth for finding water or oil, for geologic surveys, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διάτρηση @el
alternative label: zulaketa
alternative label: rivikylvö @fi
alternative label: rivilannoitus @fi
broader: industrial process
narrower: drilling for oil
source: ZINZAN

drilling installation
type: Concept
definition: The structural base upon which the drill rig and associated equipment is mounted during the drilling operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zulaketa-instalazio
broader: equipment
source: MGH

drinking water
type: Concept
definition: Water that is agreeable to drink, does not present health hazards and whose quality is normally regulated by legislation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9242
related: drinking water treatment
related: freshwater
related: food
source: GUNN

drinking water protection area
type: Concept
definition: Area surrounding a water recovery plant in which certain forms of soil utilization are restricted or prohibited in order to protect the groundwater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: područje zaštite pitke vode @hr
broader: water protection area
source: AZENP

drinking water supply
type: Concept
definition: The provision and storage of potable water, or the amount of potable water stored, for the use of a municipality, or other potable water user.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ύδρευση @el
alternative label: juomavesihuolto @fi
alternative label: dricksvattentillförsel @sv
alternative label: distribution av dricksvatten @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9244
source: ISEP

drinking water treatment
type: Concept
definition: The Directive on the Quality of Surface Water Intended for Drinking Water defines three categories of water treatment (A1, A2, A3) from simple physical treatment and disinfection to intensive physical and chemical treatment. The treatment to be used depends on the quality of the water abstracted. The Directive uses imperative values for parameters known to have an adverse effect on health and also guide values for those which are less adverse. There is also a directive which complements the "surface water abstraction" Directive by indicating the methods of measurement and the frequency of sampling and analysis required.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9246
narrower: fluoridation
related: drinking water
source: PORT

drought
type: Concept
definition: A period of abnormally dry weather sufficiently prolonged so that the lack of water causes a serious hydrologic imbalance (such as crop damage, water supply shortage) in the affected area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sikate
alternative label: idorte
broader: meteorological phenomenon
related: desertification
source: MGH

agriculture framework plan
type: Concept
definition: A formulated or systematic method for the management of soil, crops and livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborantza-esparruko plan
broader: plan
source: OED

drought control
type: Concept
definition: Measures taken to prevent, mitigate or eliminate damage caused to the ecosystem, especially crops, by a sustained period of dry weather.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
source: ISEP

drug abuse
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: botiken gehiegizko erabilera
broader: effect on health
related match: Substance abuse

drug (medicine)
type: Concept
definition: A chemical substance used internally or externally as a medicine for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment or cure of disease, for the relief of pain or to control or enhance physical or mental well-being.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: botika
broader: industrial product
narrower: antibiotic
related: health care
related: side effect
related: medicinal plant
source: APD
source: RHW

dry cleaning
type: Concept
definition: To clean fabrics etc. with a solvent other than water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kuivarikastus @fi
broader: laundering
source: CED

dry deposition
type: Concept
definition: The accumulation of both particles and gases as they come into contact with soil, water or vegetation on the earth's surfaces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: suchý spad @sk
broader: fallout
related match: Deposition (aerosol physics)
source: DES

dry farming
type: Concept
definition: A system of extensive agriculture allowing the production of crops without irrigation in areas of limited rainfall. Dry farming involves conserving soil moisture through mulching, frequent fallowing, maintenance of a fine tilth by cross-ploughing, repeated working of the soil after rainfall and removal of any weeds that would take up some of the moisture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lehorreko nekazaritza
alternative label: koltivazzjoni xotta @mt
broader: farming technique
related match: Dryland farming
source: GOOD

drying
type: Concept
definition: The process of partially or totally removing water or other liquids from a solid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στέγνωμα @el
broader: physical process
narrower: drying out
related: thickening
source: ZINZAN

drying out
type: Concept
definition: Removal of water from any substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: drying
source: MGH

dual economy
type: Concept
definition: An economy based upon two separate/distinct economic systems which co-exist in the same geographical space. Dualism is characteristic of many developing countries in which some parts of a country resemble advanced economies while other parts resemble traditional economies, i.e. there are circuits of production and exchange.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic system
related: dual waste management
source: GOOD

dual waste management
type: Concept
definition: To reduce the quantity of packaging waste, and thereby of overall MSW, Germany introduced a far-reaching legislation to reduce waste, based on the producer's responsibility principle. Industry was given the option to set up a third party organization which would carry out the collection and sorting of sales packaging for care of manufacturers and retailers. Thus, Some 600 companies created "Duales System Deutschland" in 1990 ("Dual" because it meant creating a second collection system in parallel to the existing waste collection system of the local authorities). Duales System Deutschland (DSD), now has overall responsibility for the separate collection and recycling of packaging. At present, the Dual System is the only nationwide system for the collection and sorting of sales packaging. Packaging participating in this collection system is marked with the Green Dot.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9092
related: dual economy
source: EPEBE

dumping
type: Concept
definition: The discarding of waste in any manner, often without regard to environmental control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καταβύθιση @el
alternative label: εκκένωση @el
alternative label: εκφόρτωση @el
alternative label: απόθεση @el
alternative label: isurtze
alternative label: isurketa
alternative label: botatze
alternative label: polkumyynti @fi
broader: waste disposal
narrower: sinking of waste
narrower: municipal dumping
narrower: radioactive dumping
narrower: ship waste disposal
narrower: waste dumping
narrower: industrial dumping
narrower: river disposal
source: ERG
source: RHW

agrochemical
type: Concept
definition: Any substance or mixture of substances used or intended to be used for preventing, destroying, repelling, attracting, inhibiting, or controlling any insects, rodents, birds, nematodes, bacteria, fungi, weeds or other forms of plant, animal or microbial life regarded as pests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αγροχημική ουσία @el
alternative label: nekazaritzako produktu kimiko
alternative label: agrokemikalije @hr
broader: chemical product
narrower: chemical fertiliser
narrower: plant protection product
narrower: seed dressing
source: GILP96

land disposal
type: Concept
definition: The discharge, deposit or injection of any waste onto or into the soil or other land surfaces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurrera botatze
broader: waste disposal
narrower: underground disposal
narrower: waste disposal in the ground
source: ISEP

dune
type: Concept
definition: A low mound, ridge, bank, or hill of loose, windblown granular material (generally sand, sometimes volcanic ash), either bare or covered with vegetation, capable of movement from place but always retaining its characteristic shape.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αμμοθίνα @el
alternative label: pješčana dina @hr
broader: landform
narrower: sand dune
source: BJGEO

duration of sunshine
type: Concept
definition: Period of the day during which the sun is shining.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: solar radiation
source: RAMADE

dust
type: Concept
definition: Any kind of solid material divided in particles of very small size.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κονιορτός @el
alternative label: stoft @sv
broader: solid state
source: ZINZAN

dust immission
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: immission

dust removal
type: Concept
definition: The removal of dust from air by ventilation or exhaust systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αφαίρεση (απομάκρυνση) της σκόνης @el
broader: physical treatment
related match: Dust reduction system
source: KOREN

registration obligation
type: Concept
definition: The duty to formally enroll with a government agency or an authority in order to be granted certain rights, particularly trademark or copyright privileges, or the permission to sell and distribute a product.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erregistratzeko betebehar
alternative label: obveza uknjižbe @hr
broader: industrial policy
source: BLD

dwelling
type: Concept
definition: Any enclosed space wholly or partially used or intended to be used for living, sleeping, cooking, and eating.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: residential building
source: KOREN

dye
type: Concept
definition: A coloring material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βαφή @el
alternative label: koloregai
broader: chemical product
narrower: food colourant
related: colour
source: LEE

agroforestry
type: Concept
definition: The interplanting of farm crops and trees, especially leguminous species. In semiarid regions and on denuded hillsides, agroforestry helps control erosion and restores soil fertility, as well as supplying valuable food and commodities at the same time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γεωργοδασοκομία @el
broader: forestry
related: arboriculture
source: ALL

dyke
type: Concept
definition: An artificial wall, embankment, ridge, or mound, usually of earth or rock fill, built around a relatively flat, low-lying area to protect it from flooding; a levee. A dyke may be also be constructed on the shore or border of a lake to prevent inflow of undesirable water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τάφρος @el
alternative label: φράγμα @el
alternative label: barradera
alternative label: pato @fi
broader: hydraulic construction
source: BJGEO

dyke reinforcement
type: Concept
definition: The addition of material to strengthen the structure of the dykes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: barradera-errefortzu
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9236
broader: industrial process
source: HARRIS

early warning system
type: Concept
definition: Any series of procedures and devices designed to detect sudden or potential threats to persons, property or the environment at the first sign of danger; especially a system utilizing radar technology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: warning system
related match: Warning system
source: RHW

access to the sea
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: right of access

agroindustry
type: Concept
definition: Industry dealing with the supply, processing and distribution of farm products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γεωργική βιομηχανία @el
alternative label: laborantza-industria
alternative label: nekazaritza-industria
broader: industry
related: agriculture
source: PHC

earth's crust
type: Concept
definition: The outer layers of the Earth's structure, varying between 6 and 48 km in thickness, and comprising all the material above the Mohorovicic Discontinuity (a seismic discontinuity occurring between the crust of the earth and the underlying mantle; the discontinuity occurs at an average depth of 35 km below the continents and at about 10 km below the oceans). The earlier idea of a cool solid skin overlaying a hot molten interior has now been replaced by a concept of a crust composed of two shells: an inner basic unit composed of sima (oceanic crust) and an outer granitic unit composed of sial (continental crust).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: lithosphere
narrower: fault
narrower: mineral deposit
narrower: continental shelf
narrower: sedimentary basin
related match: Crust (geology)
source: WHIT

earthquake
type: Concept
definition: The violent shaking of the ground produced by deep seismic waves, beneath the epicentre, generated by a sudden decrease or release in a volume of rock of elastic strain accumulated over a long time in regions of seismic activity (tectonic earthquake). The magnitude of an earthquake is represented by the Richter scale; the intensity by the Mercalli scale.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σεισμική δόνηση @el
broader: seismic activity
source: GUNN

earth science
type: Concept
definition: The science that deals with the earth or any part thereof; includes the disciplines of geology, geography, oceanography and meteorology, among others.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural science
narrower: geotechnology
narrower: mineralogy
narrower: glaciology
narrower: geophysics
narrower: geology
narrower: sedimentology
narrower: palaeontology
source: MGH

Earth-Sun relationship
type: Concept
definition: The Earth depends on the sun for its existence as a planet hospitable to life, and solar energy is the major factor determining the climate. Hence, conditions on the sun and conditions on Earth are inextricably linked. Although the sun's rays may appear unchanging, its radiation does vary. Many scientists suspect that sunspot activity has a greater influence on climatic change than variations attributed to the greenhouse effect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmosphere
narrower: season
narrower: solar radiation
related: energy balance
source: WRIGHT

earthworm
type: Concept
definition: Any of numerous oligochaete worms of the genera Lumbricus, Allolobophora, Eisenia, etc., which burrow in the soil and help aerate and break up the ground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: annelid
source: CED

earwig
type: Concept
definition: Any of various insects of the order Dermaptera, especially Forficula auricularia, which typically have an elongated body with small leathery forewings, semicircular membranous hindwings, and curved forceps at the tip of the abdomen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect
source: CED

agrometeorology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the interaction between meteorological and hydrological factors, on the one hand, and agriculture in the widest sense, including horticulture, animal husbandry and forestry, on the other.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: meteorology
source: EURMET

East Africa
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of the African continent that includes Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Ethiopia and Somalia, and also Mt. Kilimanjaro and Lake Victoria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Africa
source: CIA
source: ENA

Eastern Asia
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of the Asian continent bordered by the Pacific Ocean in the east that includes China, Japan, Korea, Macao, Taiwan and Siberia.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Asia
related match: East Asia
source: RHW

Eastern Europe
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of the European continent west of Asia and east of Germany and the Adriatic Sea, traditionally consisting of countries that were formerly part of the Soviet Union, such as Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Bulgaria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Europe
narrower: Black Sea
source: CIA
source: INP

East-West relations
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Ekialde-Mendebalde harreman
broader: international relations

East-West trade
type: Concept
definition: Trade between countries and companies of the Western hemisphere with those of the Eastern hemisphere (usually referring to former Communist countries of Eastern Europe).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Ekialde-Mendebalde merkatar
alternative label: robna razmjena između Istoka i Zapada @hr
broader: international trade

EC Council of Ministers
type: Concept
definition: The organ of the EU that is primarily concerned with the formulation of policy and the adoption of Community legislation. The Council consists of one member of government of each of the member states of the Community, and its presidency is held by each state in turn for periods of six months.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: European Union
related: EU Council
related match: Council of the European Union
source: DICLAW

EC directive
type: Concept
definition: A type of legislation issued by the European Union which is binding on Member States in terms of the results to be achieved but which leaves to Member States the choice of methods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: directive
narrower: EC directive on water protection
narrower: EC directive on biocides
narrower: EC directive on packaging
narrower: EC directive on waste disposal
related: European Union
source: BUSIN

EC directive on biocides
type: Concept
definition: Directive regulating the placing of biocidal products on the market.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: EC directive
source: GRAHAW

EC directive on packaging
type: Concept
definition: EC Directive proposed on 15 July 1992 aiming at harmonizing national measures concerning the management of packaging and packaging waste; the directive covers all packaging placed on the market.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: EC directive
source: PORT

EC directive on waste disposal
type: Concept
definition: EC Directive whose main object concerns waste prevention, recycling and transformation into alternative energy sources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: EC directive
source: DIRAMB

EC directive on water protection
type: Concept
definition: Directive concerning the use and management of water resources for a rational economical and social development and the protection of the related environmental features.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: EC directive
source: DIRAMB

EC ecolabel
type: Concept
definition: The European Community (EC) initiative to encourage the promotion of environmentally friendly products. The scheme came into operation in late 1992 and was designed to identify products which are less harmful to the environment than equivalent brands. For example, eco-labels will be awarded to products that do not contain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) which damage ozone layer, to those products that can be, or are, recycled, and to those that are energy efficient. The labels are awarded on environmental criteria set by the EC. These cover the whole life cycle of a product, from the extraction of raw materials, through manufacture, distribution, use and disposal of the product. The first products to carry the EC eco-labels were washing machines, paper towels, writing paper, light bulbs and hairsprays.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: EBko etiketa ekologiko
alternative label: ekološka oznaka EZ-a @hr
editorial note: Refers to the European Community
broader: ecolabel
source: WRIGHT
concept status: needsReview

echinoderm
type: Concept
definition: Marine coelomate animals distinguished from all others by an internal skeleton composed of calcite plates, and a water-vascular system to serve the needs of locomotion, respiration, nutrition or perception.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: invertebrate
source: MGH

AIDS
type: Concept
definition: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is caused by HIV-virus manifested by opportunistic infections and/or malignancies, and the mortality rate is very high. The syndrome results from a breakdown of the body's disease-fighting mechanism that leaves it defenceless against infections, such as pulmonary tuberculosis, Pneumocystis pneumonia, certain blood infections, candidiasis, invasive cervical cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma or any of over 20 other indicator diseases. No effective treatment is available. A striking feature of AIDS is the wide spectrum and frequency of infections with life-threatening pathogens seldom seen in normal hosts. The illness may begin with insidious signs and symptoms, and the process may be more diffuse than when the same conditions are seen in other immune-compromised patients. Four patterns of disease occur in AIDS patients. The pulmonary pattern, the central nervous system pattern, the gastrointestinal pattern, and the pattern of fever of unknown origin. Most patients who recover from a given opportunistic infection subsequently either have a relapse or develop a new type of infection. Many patients continue to have a wasting syndrome and experience such infections as oral thrush. Feelings of depression and isolation are common among AIDS patients and can be intensified if health care workers display fear of the syndrome.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έιτζ @el
alternative label: ΣΕΑΑ @el
alternative label: SIDA @hr
scope note: aquired immune deficiency syndrome @en
broader: human disease
source: WPR

ecodevelopment
type: Concept
definition: 1) Conservative development based on long term optimization of biosphere resources. 2)An approach to development through rational use of natural resources by means of appropriate technology and system of production which take into account and provide for the conservation of nature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental development
source: GREMES
source: UNUN

ecolabelling
type: Concept
definition: The European Community's initiative to encourage the promotion of environmentally friendly products. The scheme came into operation in late 1992 and was designed to identify products which are less harmful to the environment than equivalent brands. It was hoped that by buying labelled goods, consumers would be able to put pressure on manufacturers and retailers both to make and to stock "greener" products. This includes the effects they have on the environment at all stages. The labels are awarded on environmental criteria set by the EC.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološko označavanje @hr
broader: labelling
related: ecolabel
related match: Ecolabel
source: WRIGHT

ecological abundance
type: Concept
definition: Number of individual specimens of an animal or plant seen over a certain period of time in a certain place.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological parameter
source: PHC

ecological adaptation
type: Concept
definition: Change in an organism so that it is better able to survive or reproduce, thereby contributing to its fitness.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: synecology
related: competition (biological)
related: ecotype
related: specialisation (biological)
source: PHC

ecological assessment
type: Concept
definition: Ecological assessment consists in monitoring the current and changing conditions of ecological resources from which success or failure of the ecosystem can be judged without bias; understanding more fully the structure and function of ecosystems in order to develop improved management options; developing models to predict the response of ecosystems to changes resulting from human-induced stress from which possible ecosystem management strategies can be assessed and assessing the ecological consequences of management actions so that decisionmakers can best understand the outcomes of choosing a particular management strategy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment
narrower: ecological stocktaking
source: ESEPA

ecological balance
type: Concept
definition: The condition of equilibrium among the components of a natural community such that their relative numbers remain fairly constant and their ecosystem is stable. Gradual readjustments to the composition of a balanced community take place continually in response to natural ecological succession and to alterations in climatic and other influences.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological parameter
source: ALL

ecological bookkeeping
type: Concept
definition: The systematic accounting or recordkeeping of a company's impact on the environment or its progress towards environmentally sound business practices.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-eraginaren kontularitza
broader: environmental economy issue
source: ISEP
source: RHW

air
type: Concept
definition: A predominantly mechanical mixture of a variety of individual gases forming the earth's enveloping atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmosphere
narrower: atmospheric composition
related match: Atmosphere of Earth
source: MGH

ecological factor
type: Concept
definition: An environmental factor that, under some definite conditions, can exert appreciable influence on organisms or their communities, causing the increase or decrease in the number of organisms and/or changes in the communities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: faktore ekologiko
alternative label: ekološki faktor @hr
broader: ecological parameter
related match: Ecology
source: UNUN

ecological niche
type: Concept
definition: 1) The space occupied by a species, which includes both the physical space as well as the functional role of the species. 2) Ecological niche refers to the characteristics of an environment that provides all the essential food and protection for the continued survival of a particular species of flora or fauna. In addition to food and shelter, there is no long-term threat to existence in that place from potential predators, parasites and competitors. The concept of the ecological niche goes a long way beyond the idea of the species habitat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological parameter
source: LBC
source: WRIGHT

ecological parameter
type: Concept
definition: A variable, measurable property whose value is a determinant of the characteristics of an ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: okolišni parametar @hr
broader: ecology
narrower: ecological abundance
narrower: vegetation cover
narrower: ecological carrying capacity
narrower: biological production
narrower: genetic diversity
narrower: biomass
narrower: biodiversity
narrower: nutrient
narrower: genetic variation
narrower: ecological balance
narrower: ecological niche
narrower: biological attribute
narrower: land cover
narrower: species
narrower: balance of matter
narrower: biogeochemical cycle
narrower: climax
narrower: abiotic factor
narrower: aerobic condition
narrower: biotic factor
narrower: bio-availability
narrower: anaerobic condition
narrower: ecological factor
source: EPAGLO

ecologically sensitive area
type: Concept
definition: Area where it is likely that a change in some parts of the system will produce a recognizable response.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: miljökänsligt område @sv
broader: sensitive area
source: ALL2

ecological stocktaking
type: Concept
definition: Taking stock of, evaluating, or inventorying a company's impact on the environment or its progress towards environmentally sound business practices.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental economy issue
broader: ecological assessment
related: ecosystem analysis
source: RHW

ecologist movement
type: Concept
definition: Grouping of individuals and organizations dedicated to the protection of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mugimendu ekologista
broader: social movement
source: PHC

ecology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the interrelationships between living organisms and their environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: life science
broader: biosphere
narrower: ecological parameter
narrower: ecosystem type
narrower: synecology
narrower: autoecology
source: LBC

trophic ecology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the feeding relationships of organisms in communities and ecosystems. Trophic links between populations represent flows of organisms, organic energy and nutrients. Trophic transfers are important in population dynamics, biogeochemistry, and ecosystem energetics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
source: PARCOR

economic activity
type: Concept
definition: Any effort, work, function or sphere of action pertaining to the production of goods, services or any other resource with exchange value.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jarduera ekonomiko
broader: economy
narrower: economic situation
related match: Economics
source: NDECON
source: RHW

economical-ecological efficiency
type: Concept
definition: The competency in performance in business matters involving the relation between financial and environmental principles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental economy issue
source: ISEP
source: RHW

economic analysis
type: Concept
definition: The quantitative and qualitative identification, study, and evaluation of the nature of an economy or a system of organization or operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-analisi
broader: economy
narrower: joint debtor
narrower: risk-benefit analysis
narrower: systems comparison
narrower: economic viability
narrower: economic forecasting
narrower: audit
narrower: efficiency criterion
narrower: process analysis
narrower: market study
related: economic data
source: ISEP
source: RHW

economic development
type: Concept
definition: The state of nations and the historical processes of change experienced by them, the extent to which the resources of a nation are brought into productive use; the concept of development subsumes associated social, cultural and political changes as well as welfare measures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-garapen
broader: economic growth
source: GOOD

economic growth
type: Concept
definition: An increase over successive periods in the productivity and wealth of a household, country or region, as measured by one of several possible variables, such as the gross domestic product.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-hazkunde
broader: economy
narrower: economic trend
narrower: economic development
narrower: development model
source: ODE

economic instrument
type: Concept
definition: Any tool or method used by an organization to achieve general developmental goals in the production of, or in the regulation of, material resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bitarteko ekonomiko
broader: economy
narrower: economic management instrument
related: environmental incentive
related: environmental tax
source: OED

economic management instrument
type: Concept
definition: A tool or method used by any organization in the management of developmental processes used in the production of, or in the regulation of, material resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kudeaketa ekonomikorako bitarteko
broader: economic instrument
source: OED

economic planning
type: Concept
definition: An economy in which prices, incomes etc. are determined centrally by government rather than through the operation of the free market, and in which industrial production is governed by an overall national plan.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-plangintza
alternative label: ekonomsko planiranje @hr
broader: planning
narrower: minimal cost planning

economic policy
type: Concept
definition: A definite course of action adopted and pursued by a government, political party or enterprise pertaining to the production, distribution and use of income, wealth and commodities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-politika
alternative label: ekonomska politika @hr
broader: economy
narrower: deregulation
narrower: goal of individual economic business
narrower: allocation
narrower: type of management
narrower: economic plan
source: RHW

accident
type: Concept
definition: An unexpected occurrence, failure or loss with the potential for harming human life, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ezbehar
alternative label: nezgoda @hr
narrower: major accident
narrower: environmental accident
narrower: technological accident
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9366
narrower: accident source
narrower: traffic accident
related: disaster
related: health hazard
source: HMD
source: TOE

air conditioning
type: Concept
definition: A system or process for controlling the temperature and sometimes the humidity and purity of the air in a house, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public service
source: CED

economics
type: Concept
definition: The social study of the production, distribution, and consumption of wealth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικονομολογία @el
alternative label: οικονομικές επιστήμες @el
alternative label: οικονομία @el
broader: applied science
broader: materials science
narrower: environmental economics
narrower: macroeconomics
narrower: economic theory
related: forestry economics
related: agricultural economics
related: business economics
related: industrial economics
source: GREENW

economic situation
type: Concept
definition: The complex of elements which, in a given period, characterize the condition or state of a country or region's ability to produce goods, services and other resources with exchange value.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomiaren egoera
alternative label: gospodarska situacija @hr
broader: economic activity
source: RHW

economic system
type: Concept
definition: Organized sets of procedures used within or between communities to govern the production and distribution of goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-sistema
alternative label: ekonomski sustav @hr
broader: economy
narrower: dual economy
narrower: market economy
narrower: national economy
source: TEA

economic theory
type: Concept
definition: The study of relationships in the economy. Its purpose is to analyze and explain the behaviour of the various economic elements. The body of economic theory can be divided into two broad categories, positive theory and welfare theory. Positive theory is an attempt to analyze the operation of the economy without considering the desirability of its results in terms of ultimate goals. Welfare theory is concerned primarily with an evaluation of the economic system in terms of ethical goals which are not themselves derived from economic analysis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-teoria
broader: economics
narrower: systems theory
related match: Economics
source: GREENW

economic trend
type: Concept
definition: Changes of variables and parameters of an economic system, analysed in statistical calculations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (οικονομική) συγκυρία @el
alternative label: ekonomiaren joera
alternative label: gospodarski trend @hr
broader: economic growth
narrower: productivity trend

economic viability
type: Concept
definition: Capability of developing and surviving as a relatively independent social, economic or political unit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic analysis
source: WEBSTE

economic zoning
type: Concept
definition: A land-use planning design or control where specific types of businesses or private sector investment are encouraged within designated boundaries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9417
source: ALL
source: EEN

economy
type: Concept
definition: The system of activities and administration through which a society uses its resources to produce wealth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: säästäväisyys @fi
alternative label: ekonomija @hr
narrower: patrimonial management
narrower: trade and consumption
narrower: economic instrument
narrower: energy economics
narrower: supply and demand
narrower: forestry economics
narrower: fishery economics
narrower: economic system
narrower: foreign economic relations
narrower: goods and services
narrower: Community finance
narrower: economic support
narrower: agricultural economics
narrower: consumption
narrower: economic growth
narrower: market
narrower: marketing
narrower: fee
narrower: economic policy
narrower: business economics
narrower: income
narrower: economic structure
narrower: economic analysis
narrower: economic activity
narrower: industrial economics
narrower: commercial transaction
narrower: accounting system
source: GOOD

eco-paediatrics
type: Concept
definition: Branch of medical science concerning the study and the therapy of children diseases caused by environmental factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pediatria ekologiko
broader: medical science
source: CED
source: RRDA

ecophysiology
type: Concept
definition: The study of biophysical, biochemical and physiological processes used by animals to cope with factors of their physical environment, or employed during ecological interactions with other organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physiology
source: PARCOR

ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: A community of organisms and their physical environment interacting as an ecological unit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološki sustav @hr
broader: synecology
related: ecosystem type
source: LBC

ecosystem analysis
type: Concept
definition: Detailed study of an ecosystem carried out to ascertain its features from the point of view of its soil composition, energy flux, biogeochemical cycles, biomass, organisms and their relationship with the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: analiza ekološkog sustava @hr
broader: analysis
related: ecological stocktaking
related: ecosystem research
source: RRDA

ecosystem degradation
type: Concept
definition: Degradation or destruction of large natural environments. When one ecosystem is under attack as a result of natural or man-made disaster it is extremely difficult to calculate the ripple effects throughout nature. When two or more ecosystems are being degraded the probabilities of synergistic destructiveness multiply. Ecosystems in many regions are threatened, despite their biological richness and their promise of material benefits.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekosistemaren andeatze
alternative label: ekosistemaren narriadura
alternative label: degradacija ekološkog sustava @hr
broader: degradation of the environment
source: WPR

ecosystem research
type: Concept
definition: Study of the ways in which plants, animals, and microbes interact with each other and with their physical environment and of the processes involving the circulation, transformation and accumulation of both matter, especially nutrient materials, and energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: istraživanje ekoloških sustava @hr
broader: environmental research
related: ecosystem analysis
source: CULTER
source: PARCOR

ecosystem type
type: Concept
definition: Ecosystems can be classified according to various criteria: from the point of view of energy source, two major types of ecosystems can be distinguished. Autotrophic ecosystems have primary producers as a principal component and sunlight has the major initial energy source; etherotrophic ecosystems depend upon preformed organic matter that is imported from autotrophic ecosystems elsewhere. Ecosystems can also be classified in terrestrial, marine and freshwater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vrsta ekološkog sustava @hr
broader: ecology
narrower: internationally important ecosystem
narrower: terrestrial ecosystem
narrower: aquatic ecosystem
related: ecosystem
related: ecotype
source: PARCOR

ecotourism
type: Concept
definition: Excursions to relatively untouched lands, which for the tourist promise the chance to observe unusual wildlife and indigenous inhabitants. The travel industry, in an attempt to market adventure and authenticity to those travellers weary of "civilisation" promote travel to environments free of modern technology. Ecotourism's inherent contradiction is the promotion of untouched lands, which immediately become touched by the hands of tourism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικολογικός τουρισμός @el
alternative label: turismo berde
alternative label: turismo ekologiko
alternative label: ekološki turizam @hr
alternative label: miljöanpassad turism @sv
broader: tourism
source: WPR

ecotoxicity
type: Concept
definition: Quality of some substances or preparations which present or may present immediate or delayed risks for one or more sectors of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxicity
source: GRAHAW

ecotoxicological evaluation
type: Concept
definition: Evaluation of the adverse effects of chemicals, physical agents, and natural products on population and communities and plants, animals and human beings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxicological assessment
source: GILP96

aircraft
type: Concept
definition: Any structure, machine, or contrivance, especially a vehicle, designed to be supported by the air, either by the dynamic action of the air upon the surfaces of the structure or object or by its own buoyancy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: avion @hr
alternative label: letjelica @hr
alternative label: letalo @hr
broader: vehicle
source: MGH

ecotoxicology
type: Concept
definition: The science dealing with the adverse effects of chemical, physical agents, and natural products on populations and communities of plants, animals and human beings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekotoxikologia
broader: toxicology
source: GILP96

ecotype
type: Concept
definition: Species that has special characteristics which allow it to live in a certain habitat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: synecology
related: ecosystem type
related: ecological adaptation
source: PHC

EC policy
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
narrower: common commercial policy
narrower: common tariff policy
narrower: common agricultural policy

EC regulation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κανονισμός (ΕΚ) @el
broader: regulation
narrower: EC regulation on eco-management and audit
narrower: Community ruling
narrower: EC regulation on existing chemicals
related: European Union
related match: European Community regulation

EC regulation on eco-management and audit
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: EC regulation

EC regulation on existing chemicals
type: Concept
definition: Regulation designed to identify and control of risks deriving from existing chemicals. According to this program the main goal is the collection of basic information about existing chemicals including their uses and characteristics, environmental fate and pathways, toxicity and ecotoxicity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: EC regulation
related: existing chemical
source: DOBRIS

edaphology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the relationships between soil and organisms, including the use made of land by mankind.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil science
source: WHIT

edible fat
type: Concept
definition: An oil that can be eaten as a food or food accessory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: matfett @sv
broader: foodstuff
source: MGH

education
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of imparting or acquiring knowledge or skills.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αγωγή @el
alternative label: μόρφωση @el
alternative label: παιδεία @el
alternative label: hezkuntza
narrower: upbringing
narrower: level of education
narrower: training
narrower: didactics
related: school
related: training centre
source: RHW

aircraft engine emission
type: Concept
definition: The formation and discharge of gaseous and particulate pollutants into the environment, especially the stratosphere, chiefly from airplanes, helicopters and other high-altitude aircrafts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: emisije iz motora letjelica @hr
broader: motor vehicle emission
source: MHE

educational institution
type: Concept
definition: An organization or establishment devoted to the act or process of imparting or acquiring knowledge or skills.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: obrazovna institucija @hr
broader: public institution
related match: Types of educational institutions
source: RHW

educational planning
type: Concept
definition: The process of making arrangements or preparations to facilitate the training, instruction or study that leads to the acquisition of skills or knowledge, or the development of reasoning and judgment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: planiranje u obrazovanju @hr
broader: planning
source: RHW

education policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government or some other organization, which promotes or determines the goals, methods and programs to be used for training, instruction or study that leads to the acquisition of skills or knowledge, or the development of reasoning and judgment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
source: RHW

educational system
type: Concept
definition: Any formulated, regular or special organization of instruction, training or knowledge disclosure, especially the institutional structures supporting that endeavor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: didactics
related match: Education
source: ISEP
source: OED

aircraft noise
type: Concept
definition: Effective sound output of the various sources of noise associated with aircraft operation, such as propeller and engine exhaust, jet noise, and sonic boom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: avionska buka @hr
broader: environmental noise
related: air traffic
source: MGH

effect
type: Concept
definition: Effects include: a) direct effects, which are caused by the action and occur at the same time and place, b) indirect effects, which are caused by the action and are later in time or farther removed in distance, that are still reasonably foreseeable.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συνέπειες @el
alternative label: αποτελέσματα @el
alternative label: ondorio
alternative label: utjecaj @hr
alternative label: posljedica @hr
narrower: pollution effect
narrower: effect on the environment
narrower: urban decay
narrower: long-term effect
narrower: climatic effect
narrower: radiation effect
narrower: effect on man
narrower: biological effect
narrower: famine
narrower: landscape alteration
narrower: environmental change
narrower: combination effect
narrower: degradation of natural resources
narrower: side effect
narrower: environmental damage
source: LANDY

effect on health
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: osasunaren gaineko eragin
broader: health-environment relationship
broader: biological effect
narrower: health effect of noise
narrower: side effects of pharmaceutical drugs
narrower: drug abuse
related: effect on man
related: immission damage
related: malnutrition

effect on man
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gizakiaren gaineko ondorio
alternative label: učinak na čovjeka @hr
broader: effect
related: effect on health

effect on the environment
type: Concept
definition: Resultant of natural or manmade perturbations of the physical, chemical or biological components making up the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-efektu
broader: effect
narrower: physical alteration
narrower: forest cover destruction
narrower: habitat destruction
narrower: net resource depletion
narrower: degradation of the environment
related: impact assessment
source: LANDY

research of the effects
type: Concept
definition: Investigation carried out to assess the results deriving from an action or condition; general term applying to many different fields.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ondorioen ikerketa
broader: scientific research
source: RRDA

efficiency criterion
type: Concept
definition: Parameter or rule for assessing the competency in performance of production relative to the input of resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic analysis
source: ISEP
source: RHW

efficiency level
type: Concept
definition: The ratio of output to input, usually given as a percentage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: stupanj učinkovitosti @hr
broader: parameter
source: ECHO2

effluent
type: Concept
definition: The waste liquid from domestic sewage, industrial sites or from agricultural processes. Effluents are harmful when they enter the environment, especially in freshwater, because of their polluting chemical composition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απόβλητα @el
alternative label: απαγωγός τάφρος @el
alternative label: λύματα @el
alternative label: efluente
alternative label: normaalipäästö @fi
alternative label: laskujoki @fi
alternative label: jäsningsrest @sv
broader: pollutant
narrower: agricultural effluent
narrower: industrial effluent
narrower: waste treatment effluent
source: WRIGHT

egg
type: Concept
definition: A large, female sex cell enclosed in a porous, calcareous or leathery shell, produced by birds and reptiles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ωόν @el
broader: embryogenesis
source: MGH

EIA directive
type: Concept
definition: Council Directive of 27 June 1985 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment (85/337/EEC). The Directive applies to projects which are likely to have significant effects on the environment by virtue of their nature, size or location.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: directive
related: environmental impact assessment
source: PENEL

EIA law
type: Concept
definition: Law concerning the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment, based on the EC Directive n. 85/337.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental legislation
related: environmental impact assessment
source: PENEL

EIA (local)
type: Concept
definition: The identification, evaluation and appraisal of the ecological consequences of a proposed project or development in a city, town or region, and the measures needed to minimize adverse effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental impact assessment
source: ALL

elasticity
type: Concept
definition: Ability of a material to return to original dimensions after deformation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
source: LEE

elderly person
type: Concept
definition: Someone who has reached the later stage of life or who has attained a specified age within that stage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ηλικιωμένος @el
alternative label: hirugarren adineko pertsona
alternative label: adineko pertsona
alternative label: osoba starije životne dobi @hr
broader: population structure
source: RHW

electrical engineering
type: Concept
definition: Engineering that deals with practical applications of electricity; generally restricted to applications involving current flow through conductors, as in motors and generators.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engineering
source: MGH

electrical industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the production of electric energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria elektriko
alternative label: industrija električne energije @hr
broader: industry
narrower: electrical goods industry
related match: Electrical power industry
source: CED

electrical storage device
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: equipment
narrower: accumulator
narrower: battery
related: energy storage

electricity
type: Concept
definition: A general term used for all phenomena caused by electric charge whether static or in motion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ηλεκτρικό ρεύμα @el
alternative label: (ηλεκτρικό) φορτίο @el
alternative label: el @sv
alternative label: ström @sv
broader: physical property
related: electric power
source: UVAROV

electricity company
type: Concept
definition: Company which is responsible for the supply and distribution of electric energy to a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elverk @sv
broader: energy industry
related match: Electric utility
source: RRDA

electricity consumption
type: Concept
definition: Amount of electricity consumed by an apparatus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy utilisation
source: PHC

electricity generation
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of transforming other forms of energy into electric energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elektrizitate-produkzio
broader: energy production
source: LEE

electricity generation cost
type: Concept
definition: The value or amount of money exchanged for the production and sustained supply of charged ion current used as a power source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elektrizitate-produkzioaren kostu
broader: cost
source: EFP
source: OED

electricity supply industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the supply and distribution of electric power.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy industry
source: RRDA

electric line
type: Concept
definition: Wires conducting electric power from one location to another; also known as electric power line.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy distribution system
narrower: overhead power line
narrower: high voltage line
related: cable
source: MGH

electric power
type: Concept
definition: The rate at which electric energy is converted to other forms of energy, equal to the product of the current and the voltage drop.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: conventional energy
related: electricity
source: MGH

electric power plant
type: Concept
definition: A stationary plant containing apparatus for large-scale conversion of some form of energy (such as hydraulic, steam, chemical, or nuclear energy) into electrical energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: električna centrala @hr
broader: power station
narrower: small power station
narrower: gas powered plant
narrower: combined cycle-power station
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9336
narrower: coal-fired power plant
narrower: nuclear power plant
narrower: hydroelectric power plant
narrower: solar power station
narrower: thermal power plant
narrower: tidal power station
related match: Power station
source: MGH

electric power supply
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παροχή ηλεκτρικής ισχύος @el
alternative label: energia-hornikuntza
broader: energy supply

electric vehicle
type: Concept
definition: Vehicle driven by an electric motor and characterized by being silent and less polluting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vozilo na električni pogon @hr
broader: vehicle
source: RRDA

electrokinetics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the motion of electric charges, especially of steady currents in electric circuits, and of the motion of electrified particles in electric or magnetic fields.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical science
related match: Electrokinetic phenomena
source: MGH

electrolysis
type: Concept
definition: The production of a chemical reaction by passing an electric current through an electrolyte. In electrolysis, positive ions migrate to the cathode and negative ions to the anode.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical process
related: separation
source: DICCHE

air movement
type: Concept
definition: Air movements within the Earth's atmospheric circulation; also called planetary winds. Two main components are recognized: first, the latitudinal meridional component due to the Coriolis force (a deflecting motion or force discussed by G.G. de Coriolis in 1835. The rotation of the Earth causes a body moving across its surface to be deflected to the right in the N hemisphere and to the left in the S hemisphere); and secondly, the longitudinal component and the vertical movement, resulting largely from varying pressure distributions due to differential heating and cooling of the Earth's surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ilmakuljetus @fi
alternative label: förflyttning av luftmassor @sv
broader: atmospheric process
source: WHIT

electronic material
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product
narrower: semiconductor

electronics
type: Concept
definition: Study, control, and application of the conduction of electricity through gases or vacuum or through semiconducting or conducting materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ηλεκτρονικά όργανα (προϊόντα) @el
broader: physical science
narrower: microelectronics
source: MGH

electronic scrap
type: Concept
definition: Any material from electronic devices and systems, generated as a waste stream in a processing operation or discarded after service.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scrap material
broader: special waste
source: APD
source: RHW

electronic scrap regulation
type: Concept
definition: Government or management prescribed rule for the disposal and recycling of electric parts, circuits and systems, especially computer devices.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elektronika-hondakinei buruzko ara
broader: regulation
source: BLD
source: RHW

electrosmog
type: Concept
definition: Pollution caused by electric and magnetic fields generated by power lines, electrical equipment, mobile and cordless phones, radar, electrical household appliances, microwave ovens, radios, computers, electric clocks, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elektrosmog
alternative label: poluzio elektromagnetiko
broader: fine dust
related: high voltage line
related match: Electromagnetic radiation and health
source: NPL

air pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Any pollutant agent or combination of such agents, including any physical, chemical, biological, radioactive substance or matter which is emitted into or otherwise enters the ambient air and can, in high enough concentrations, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile atmosferiko
alternative label: air
alternative label: kutsatzaile atmosferiko
broader: pollutant
narrower: gaseous air pollutant
narrower: atmospheric particulate
narrower: smog
narrower: soot
narrower: smoke
narrower: slag
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9085
narrower: asbestos cement
narrower: fine dust
narrower: sprayed asbestos
narrower: atmospheric aerosol
narrower: fume
narrower: fly ash
related: air pollution
related match: Air pollution
source: LEE
source: TOE

electrotechnical equipment
type: Concept
definition: All the equipment connected with the technological use of electric power.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: equipment
narrower: audiovisual equipment
narrower: microcomputer
narrower: refrigerator
source: CED

electrotechnical industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the design, manufacture and marketing of machinery, apparatus and supplies for the generation, storage and utilization of electrical energy, such as household appliances, radio and television receiving equipment, and lighting and wiring equipment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
source: SIC

element of group 0
type: Concept
definition: A group of monatomic gaseous elements forming group 18 (formerly group 0) of the periodic table: helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: radon
related match: Noble gas
source: DICCHE

element of group I (alkaline)
type: Concept
definition: Any of the monovalent metals lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium, belonging to group 1A of the periodic table. They are all very reactive and electropositive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: caesium
narrower: hydrogen
related match: Alkali metal
source: CED

element of group II (alkaline earth metals)
type: Concept
definition: Any of the divalent electropositive metals beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium, belonging to group 2A of the periodic table.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: calcium
narrower: beryllium
narrower: barium
narrower: strontium
related match: Alkaline earth metal
source: CED

element of group III
type: Concept
definition: Group III consists of two subgroups: group IIIb and group IIIa. Group IIIa consists of scandium, yttrium, and lanthanium, which is generally considered with the lanthanoids, and actinium, which is classified with the actinoids. Group IIIb, the main group, comprises boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, and thallium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: thallium
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/965
narrower: aluminium
source: CHSK

element of group IV
type: Concept
definition: Group IV consists of two subgroups: group IVb, main group, and group IVa. Group IVa consists of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium which are generally classified as transition metals. The main group consists of carbonium, silicium, germanium, tin, and lead. The main valency of the elements is IV, and the members of the group show a variation from nonmetallic to metallic behaviour in moving down the group. The reactivity of the elements increases down the group from carbon to lead. All react with oxygen on heating.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: carbon
narrower: silicon
narrower: lead
narrower: tin (element)
source: CHSK

element of group V
type: Concept
definition: Group V consists of two subgroups: group Vb, the main group, and group Va. Group Va consists of vanadium, niobium, and tantalum, which are generally considered with the transition elements. The main group consists of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: nitrogen
narrower: phosphorus
narrower: arsenic

element of group VI
type: Concept
definition: Group VI consists of two subgroups: group VIb, the main group, and group VIa. Group VIa consists of chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten. The main group consists of oxygen, sulphur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: selenium
narrower: oxygen
narrower: sulphur
source: CHSK

element of group VII
type: Concept
definition: Any of the elements of the halogen family, consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: bromine
narrower: fluorine
narrower: chlorine
narrower: iodine
source: MGH

chemical element
type: Concept
definition: A substance made up of atoms with the same atomic number; common examples are hydrogen, gold, and iron.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: elements and their compounds <N> @en
narrower: element of group IV
narrower: element of group VII
narrower: element of group V
narrower: element of group III
narrower: element of group VI
narrower: element of group II (alkaline earth metals)
narrower: transition element
narrower: element of group I (alkaline)
narrower: element of group 0
source: MGH

air pollution
type: Concept
definition: Presence in the atmosphere of large quantities of gases, solids and radiation produced by the burning of natural and artificial fuels, chemical and other industrial processes and nuclear explosions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio atmosferiko
alternative label: airearen kuts
alternative label: kutsadura atmosferiko
broader: atmospheric pollution
narrower: indoor air pollution
related: atmospheric emission
related: odour
related: air pollutant
source: GUNN

emancipation
type: Concept
definition: The state of being free from social or political restraint or from the inhibition of moral or social conventions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social process
narrower: race relations
narrower: gender issue

embryo
type: Concept
definition: An early stage of development in multicellular organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hozi
broader: embryogenesis
source: MGH

embryogenesis
type: Concept
definition: The formation and development of an embryo from an egg.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: razvoj zametka @hr
broader: biological process
narrower: embryo
narrower: egg
narrower: seed (biology)
related: ontogenesis
source: MGH

emergency law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νόμος προσωρινής ισχύος @el
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: special law

emergency plan
type: Concept
definition: Program of procedures to be undertaken in the event of a sudden, urgent and usually unexpected occurrence requiring immediate action, especially an incident of potential harm to human life, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: åtgärdsplan @sv
broader: safety measure
narrower: risk exposure plan
narrower: warning plan
related match: Emergency management
source: RHW

emergency relief
type: Concept
definition: Money, food or other assistance provided for those surviving a sudden and usually unexpected occurrence requiring immediate action, especially an incident of potential harm to human life, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: larrialdietarako laguntza
broader: safety measure
narrower: emergency relief measure
related match: Emergency management
source: RHW

emergency relief measure
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: larrialdietan laguntzeko neurri
broader: emergency relief

emergency shelter
type: Concept
definition: Shelter given to persons who are deprived of the essential needs of life following a disaster.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: larrialdietarako babesleku
broader: building
source: GUNN

emission
type: Concept
definition: A discharge of particulate gaseous, or soluble waste material/pollution into the air from a polluting source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurtze
alternative label: isurpen
alternative label: utsläpp @sv
broader: pollution
narrower: radioactive emission
narrower: atmospheric emission
narrower: waste gas emission
narrower: sound emission
narrower: traffic emission
narrower: emission situation
narrower: emission to water
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9086
narrower: pollutant emission
narrower: motor vehicle emission
narrower: industrial emission
narrower: emission factor
related: emission forecast
related: emission data
source: UNUN

emission control
type: Concept
definition: Procedures aiming at reducing or preventing the harm caused by atmospheric emissions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πρόληψη των εκπομπών @el
alternative label: isurtze-kontrol
broader: environmental control
narrower: traffic noise control
related: emission reduction
related match: Emissions control
source: RRDA

emission data
type: Concept
definition: Data concerning pollutants released into the environment from a permanent or mobile installation or from products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurtze-datu
broader: monitoring data
related: emission register
related: emission
source: AZENP

emission factor
type: Concept
definition: The relationship between the amount of pollutants produced to the amount of raw materials processed, or fuel consumed, in any polluting process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurtze-faktore
broader: emission
narrower: pollutant level
related match: Emission intensity
source: TOE

emission forecast
type: Concept
definition: The final step in a clean air plan is to predict future air quality to demonstrate that we can (if we can) meet the health standards by implementing the measures proposed in the plan. This is done by first projecting the emission inventory into the future, taking into account changes in population, housing, employment in specific business sectors, and vehicle miles traveled. These data are obtained from various sources and the resulting emissions are adjusted to account for regulations and control measures scheduled for implementation during the same time period. Additional adjustments are made to reflect large facilities that are expected to start up, modify, or shut down. The resulting inventory is an emission forecast, and is usually expressed in tons per day of particular pollutants for a given year. Additional steps may be required to determine how the forecasted quantities of air pollution will affect the overall air quality. One way to accomplish this is through computer modeling. A computer model simulates how pollutants disperse, react, and move in the air. The inputs to such a computer model are complex. They include weather patterns, terrain, and the chemical nature of air pollutants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurtze-iragarpen
alternative label: isurtze-pronostiko
alternative label: emisio-pronostiko
broader: forecast
related: emission
source: APCD

airport
type: Concept
definition: A landing and taking-off area for civil aircraft, usually with surfaced runways and aircraft maintenance and passenger facilities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αεροδρόμιο @el
alternative label: aerodrom @hr
broader: traffic infrastructure
related: air traffic
source: CED

emission reduction
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of limiting or restricting the discharge of pollutants or contaminants, such as by setting emission limits or by modifying the emission source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurpen-murrizketa
alternative label: isurpenak gutxitz
alternative label: emisioak gutxitze
broader: pollution abatement
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9080
related: emission control
related match: Emission
source: EEN

emission reduction banking
type: Concept
definition: A system for recording qualified air emission reductions for later use in bubble, offset, or netting transactions. Plant complexes that reduce emissions substantially may "bank" their "credits" or sell them to other industries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: a system for recording qualified air emission reductions for later use in bubble, offset or netting transactions (emission trading) <D> @en
broader: banking
source: EPAGLO

emission register
type: Concept
definition: A listing, by source, of the amounts of air pollutants discharged in the atmosphere of a community daily.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurtze-erregistro
broader: inventory
related: emission data
source: LANDY

emission situation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurtze-egoera
broader: emission

emission source
type: Concept
definition: A chemical process, building, furnace, plant or other entity responsible for the discharge of pollutants or contaminants into the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-iturri
alternative label: emisio-iturri
alternative label: zdroj znečisťovania ovzdušia @sk
broader: source of pollution
source: DEP
source: DES

emission standard
type: Concept
definition: The maximum amount of discharge legally allowed from a single source, mobile or stationary.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurtze-muga
alternative label: emissionsnorm @sv
broader: standard
source: LANDY

emission to water
type: Concept
definition: The discharge of solid, liquid or gaseous pollutants or contaminants into a body of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uretara botatze
broader: emission
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9202
source: WWC

employment
type: Concept
definition: The work or occupation in which a person is employed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εργασία @el
alternative label: sysselsättning @sv
broader: labour
narrower: termination of employment
narrower: employment and environment
narrower: employment level effect
narrower: unemployment
narrower: employment structure
narrower: occupational status
narrower: trade (profession)
source: CED

employment and environment
type: Concept
definition: Issues or initiatives pertaining to the inter-relationship between ecological concerns and the economics of employment, including sustained, environmentally safe development; the effect of environmental activism on jobs; and the creation of environmental occupations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: employment
source: WAE

employment level effect
type: Concept
definition: The result or impact of a specific policy, action or event upon the number of working-age persons holding jobs in a specific region, nation or sector of the economy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: enplegu-mailaren ondorio
broader: employment
source: ODE
source: RHW

emulsification
type: Concept
definition: The process of dispersing one liquid in a second immiscible liquid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical process
related: mixing
related match: Emulsion
source: MGH

emulsion
type: Concept
definition: A stable dispersion of one liquid in a second immiscible liquid, such as milk (oil dispersed in water).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κολλοειδές διάλυμα @el
broader: liquid state
source: MGH

encapsulation
type: Concept
definition: The enclosure of any polluting product with a material that prevents its release in the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καψυλίωση @el
alternative label: εγκλεισμός @el
alternative label: εγκύστωση @el
alternative label: ενθήκευση @el
alternative label: ovijanje @hr
broader: industrial process
source: RRDA

encyclopaedia
type: Concept
definition: A comprehensive, often multivolume, reference work containing articles on a wide rage of subjects or on various aspects of a particular field, usually, alphabetically arranged.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document type
related match: Encyclopedia
source: AMHER

endangered animal species
type: Concept
definition: Animals, birds, fish or other living organisms threatened with extinction by natural or human-induced changes in their environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: endangered species (IUCN)
related: animal trade
source: TOE

air quality
type: Concept
definition: The degree to which air is polluted; the type and maximum concentration of man-produced pollutants that should be permitted in the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental quality
related: air quality management
related: atmospheric monitoring
related match: Air Quality Index
source: ALL
source: WRIGHT

endangered plant species
type: Concept
definition: The plants threatened with extinction by human or natural changes in the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: endangered species (IUCN)
related: plant trade
source: KOREN

endangered species (IUCN)
type: Concept
definition: One of the three degrees of "rarity" drawn up by the International Union for the Conservation of Natural Resources. All plants and animals in these categories need special protection. Endangered species are those species in danger of extinction unless steps are taken to change the cause of threat and decline.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: category of endangered species
narrower: endangered plant species
narrower: endangered animal species
source: BRACK

groundwater endangering
type: Concept
definition: Threat to the quality and quantity of groundwater by activities related to the use of land. As some activities (e.g. landfill) present a particular risk of pollution, the closer an activity is to a well or borehole, the greater the risk of the pumped water being polluted. The type of soil, the geology, the rainfall and the amount of water pumped out of the ground must all be taken into consideration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9166
source: PORT

endocrine system
type: Concept
definition: The chemical coordinating system in animals, that is, the endocrine glands that produce hormones.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: anatomy
source: MGH

endocrinology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the endocrine glands and the hormones that they synthesize and secrete.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
source: MGH

end-of-pipe technology
type: Concept
definition: An approach to pollution control which concentrates upon effluent treatment or filtration prior to discharge into the environment, as opposed to making changes in the process giving rise to the wastes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
source: GRAHAW

energy
type: Concept
definition: The capacity to do work; involving thermal energy (heat), radiant energy (light), kinetic energy (motion) or chemical energy; measured in joules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: energy process
narrower: energy utilisation
narrower: energy type
narrower: energy source
narrower: energy production
related: environmental impact of energy
source: LBC

energy balance
type: Concept
definition: The energetic state of a system at any given time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: balantze energetiko
broader: parameter
related: Earth-Sun relationship
source: WRIGHT

energy conservation
type: Concept
definition: The strategy for reducing energy requirements per unit of industrial output or individual well-being without affecting the progress of socio-economic development or causing disruption in life style. In temperate developed countries most energy is used in heating and lighting industrial and domestic buildings. Industrial processes, transport and agriculture are the other main users. During the 1970s it was demonstrated that substantial savings could be achieved through appropriate building technologies and the use of energy-efficient equipment for heating, air-conditioning and lighting. Most goods could and should be both manufactured and made to work more efficiently.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy policy
source: WRIGHT

energy consumption
type: Concept
definition: Amount of energy consumed by a person or an apparatus shown as a unit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy utilisation
narrower: primary energy consumption
related: energy demand
source: PHC

energy conversion
type: Concept
definition: The process of changing energy from one form to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μετατροπή της ενέργειας @el
alternative label: energia-bihurtze
broader: energy process
related match: Energy transformation
source: MGH

energy demand
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: consumption pattern
broader: energy management
related: energy consumption
related match: World energy resources and consumption

air quality control
type: Concept
definition: The measurement of ambient air-pollution concentrations in order to determine whether there is a problem in a given region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric monitoring
related: immission limit
source: CONFER

energy dissipation
type: Concept
definition: Any loss of energy, generally by conversion into heat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απώλειες ενέργειας @el
broader: energy utilisation
source: MGH

energy distribution system
type: Concept
definition: Any publicly or privately organized setup in which usable power such as electricity is delivered to homes and businesses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: energia banatzeko sistema
broader: infrastructure
narrower: electric line
related: power station
source: RHW

energy economics
type: Concept
definition: The production, distribution, and consumption of usable power such as fossil fuel, electricity, or solar radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia energetiko
broader: economy
source: RHW

energy efficiency
type: Concept
definition: Refers to actions to save fuels by better building design, the modification of production processes, better selection of road vehicles and transport policies, the adoption of district heating schemes in conjunction with electrical power generation, and the use of domestic insulation and double glazing in homes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eraginkortasun energetiko
broader: energy utilisation
source: WRIGHT

energy legislation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: nuclear energy legislation

energy management
type: Concept
definition: The administration or handling of power derived from sources such as fossil fuel, electricity and solar radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: management
broader: environmental management
narrower: energy demand
narrower: energy saving
related: energy policy
source: FFD
source: RHW

energy market
type: Concept
definition: The trade or traffic of energy sources treated as a commodity (such as fossil fuel, electricity, or solar radiation).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: market
source: RHW

energy policy
type: Concept
definition: A statement of a country's intentions in the energy sector.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: politika energetiko
broader: policy
narrower: energy conservation
related: energy management
source: BRACK

energy process
type: Concept
definition: Any natural phenomenon or series of actions by which energy is converted or made more usable.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prozesu energetiko
broader: energy
narrower: energy conversion
source: MES

energy production
type: Concept
definition: Generation of energy in a coal fired power station, in an oil fired power station, in a nuclear power station, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: energiaren produkzio
broader: energy
narrower: electricity generation
related: cogeneration
related: heat and power station
related: renewable resource
related: energy industry
related: energy technology
related: power station
related: non-renewable energy resource
related: hydroelectric power plant
related match: Energy development
source: RRDA

energy recovery
type: Concept
definition: A form of resource recovery in which the organic fraction of waste is converted to some form of usable energy. Recovery may be achieved through the combustion of processed or raw refuse to produce steam through the pyrolysis of refuse to produce oil or gas; and through the anaerobic digestion of organic wastes to produce methane gas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy utilisation
source: LANDY

energy resource
type: Concept
definition: Potential supplies of energy which have not yet been used (such as coal lying in the ground, solar heat, wind power, geothermal power, etc.).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izvor energije @hr
alternative label: energetski izvor @hr
broader: resource
related: energy source
related match: Energy and society
source: PHC

air quality management
type: Concept
definition: Regulate and plan and work toward the accomplishment of completion of stated goals, objectives and mission pertaining to air quality.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental management
related: air quality
source: PORT

energy saving
type: Concept
definition: Avoiding wasting energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy management
related match: Energy conservation
source: PHC

energy source
type: Concept
definition: Potential supplies of energy including fossil and nuclear fuels as well as solar, water, wind, tidal and geothermal power.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: energetski resurs @hr
alternative label: energetski izvor @hr
broader: energy
narrower: renewable energy source
narrower: energy source material
narrower: non-polluting energy source
narrower: solar heating
related: accumulator
related: solar cell
related: energy resource
related match: Energy development
source: PHC

energy source material
type: Concept
definition: Sources from which energy can be obtained to provide heat, light, and power. Energy resources, including fossil and nuclear fuels as well as solar, water, tidal and geothermal energy, may be captured or recovered and converted into other energy forms for a variety of household, commercial, transportation, and industrial applications.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: energia-iturri
alternative label: energetski izvor @hr
broader: energy source
related: fuel
source: PARCOR

energy storage
type: Concept
definition: Amount of energy reserves; often refers to the stocks of non-renewable fuel, such as oil, which a nation, for example, possesses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: storage (process)
narrower: heat storage
related: electrical storage device
related: energy supply
source: PHC

energy supply
type: Concept
definition: The provision and storage of energy (the capacity to do work or produce a change), or the amount of energy stored, for the use of a municipality, or other energy user.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τροφοδότηση με ενέργεια @el
alternative label: energia-hornikuntza
broader: public service
narrower: electric power supply
related: energy storage
related: energy utilisation
related match: Energy technology
source: FFD
source: ISEP

energy technology
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
narrower: coal technology
related: energy production

energy type
type: Concept
definition: According to the source, energy can be classified as hydroenergy, solar energy, tidal energy, wind energy, waves energy, geothermal energy, etc.. According to the type of fuel used for its production, energy can be classified as nuclear energy, coal derived energy, petroleum derived energy, biomass derived energy, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy
narrower: non-conventional energy
narrower: conventional energy
source: RRDA

energy utilisation
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy
narrower: energy dissipation
narrower: electricity consumption
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9087
narrower: energy consumption
narrower: energy recovery
narrower: petroleum consumption
narrower: nuclear energy use
narrower: energy efficiency
narrower: utilisation of calorific value
narrower: fuel consumption
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9085
related: energy supply

energy utilisation pattern
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: obrazac iskorištavanja energije @hr
alternative label: način iskorištavanja energije @hr
broader: consumption pattern

enforcement
type: Concept
definition: The execution, carrying out or putting into effect an order, regulation, law or official decree.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (αναγκαστική) εκτέλεση @el
alternative label: συμμόρφωση @el
alternative label: εφαρμογή @el
alternative label: ezartze
alternative label: toimeenpano @fi
alternative label: prisilno izvršenje - @hr
alternative label: provođenje @hr
alternative label: tillämpning @sv
alternative label: genomförande @sv
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: law enforcement
related match: Coming into force
source: BLD

engine
type: Concept
definition: A machine in which power is applied to do work by the conversion of various forms of energy into mechanical force and motion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κινητήρας @el
broader: equipment
narrower: combustion engine
related: motor vehicle
related: motor fuel
source: MGH

enlargement policy
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international politics

enlargement programme
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental programme

enriched uranium
type: Concept
definition: Uranium whose concentration of uranium-235, which is able to sustain a nuclear chain reaction, is increased by removing uranium-238.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: väkevöity uraani @fi
broader: nuclear fuel
source: ALL

enrichment
type: Concept
definition: The process of increasing the abundance of a specified isotope in a mixture of isotopes. It is usually applied to an increase in the proportion of U-235, or the addition of Pu-239 to natural uranium for use in a nuclear reactor or weapon.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical process
source: DICCHE

adequate food supply
type: Concept
definition: A quantity of nutriments that meets fundamental nutritional requirements and is provided to a person, group or community on a continuing basis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lämpligt livsmedelsförråd @sv
broader: applied nutrition
related: food
source: NOV

environmental accident
type: Concept
definition: An unexpected occurrence, failure or loss, with the potential for harming the ecosystem or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nesreća u okolišu @hr
broader: accident
narrower: explosion
narrower: leakage
source: HMD
source: TOE

environmental accounting
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: računovodstvo okoliša @hr
broader: accounting
narrower: national environmental accounting
related match: Sustainability measurement

environmental protection advice
type: Concept
definition: Consultations or recommendations given as a guide of action regarding the preservation of ecological integrity and the defense or shelter of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-babeserako aholku
broader: advice
source: RHW

air safety
type: Concept
definition: Any measure, technique or design intended to reduce the risk of harm posed by either moving vehicles or projectiles above the earth's surface or pollutants to the earth's atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
source: AHB
source: TOE

environmental anxiety
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: psychological stress
related: environmental perception

environmental sustainable architecture
type: Concept
definition: Environmentally friendly architecture is based on the following five principles: 1) healthful interior environment; 2) energy efficiency; 3) ecologically benign materials; 4) environmental form; 5) good design.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: architecture
source: ARCH

environmental aspect of human settlements
type: Concept
definition: Human settlements have an adverse impact on many ecosystems and on themselves by the addition of toxic or harmful substances to the outer lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. The major types of environmental pollutants are sewage, trace metals, petroleum hydrocarbons, synthetic organic compounds, and gaseous emissions. Most, if not all, of the additions of potentially harmful substances to the environment are result of the population growth and the technological advances of industrial societies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental criterion
source: PARCOR

environmental assessment
type: Concept
definition: The evaluation or appraisal of ecological or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: pollutant assessment
narrower: sectoral assessment
narrower: resource appraisal
narrower: ecological assessment
narrower: environmental risk assessment
narrower: environmental criterion
narrower: technology assessment
narrower: environmental quality
narrower: toxicological assessment
narrower: impact assessment
narrower: natural heritage assessment
narrower: environmental auditing
related: valued ecosystem component
related match: Environmental impact assessment
source: RHW

environmental assessment criterion
type: Concept
definition: Principle or standard for the evaluation or appraisal of ecological or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental criterion
narrower: state of the art
narrower: chimney height
narrower: limit value
narrower: natural value
narrower: user advantage
source: ISEP
source: RHW

environmental auditing
type: Concept
definition: An assessment of the nature and extent of any harm or detriment, or any possible harm or detriment, that may be inflicted on any aspect of the environment by any activity process, development programme, or any product, chemical, or waste substance. Audits may be designed to: verify or otherwise comply with environmental requirements; evaluate the effectiveness of existing environmental management systems; assess risks generally; or assist in planning for future improvements in environment protection and pollution control
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment
narrower: environmental statement (eco-audit)
narrower: environmental performance
source: GILP96

environmental awareness
type: Concept
definition: The growth and development of awareness, understanding and consciousness toward the biophysical environment and its problems, including human interactions and effects. Thinking "ecologically" or in terms of an ecological consciousness.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιβαλλοντική ευαισθησία @el
alternative label: ingurugiroarekiko kontzientzia
narrower: environmental culture
narrower: environmental perception
narrower: feeling for nature
narrower: concept of environment
narrower: environmental ethics
related: man-nature relationship
related: environmental liability
related: environmental education
related: public awareness campaign
related match: Environmentalism
source: UNUN

environmental balance
type: Concept
definition: Final part of the environmental impact study and assessment which compares environmental costs and benefits on the basis of homogeneous criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental criterion
source: AMBPIA

environmental change
type: Concept
definition: Changes that may take place in ecosystems, climate, soil, habitats, etc. due to pressures of various origin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zmena životného prostredia @sk
broader: effect
narrower: environmental consequence
narrower: species impoverishment
narrower: fish kill
narrower: desertification
narrower: loss of biotope
narrower: salination
source: RRDA

environmental chemicals legislation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental legislation
related: chemical

environmental chemistry
type: Concept
definition: Science dealing with the physical, chemical and biochemical processes that polluting substances undergo when introduced in the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemistry
source: DIZAMB

environmental compatibility
type: Concept
definition: Condition of products or projects of having a reduced impact or burden on the natural environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroarekiko bateragarritasun
broader: environmental criterion
source: RRDA

environmental consequence
type: Concept
definition: Resultant of natural or man-made perturbations of the physical, chemical or biological components making up the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental change
source: LANDY

airspace planning
type: Concept
definition: The activity of organizing or preparing for transportation through the atmosphere above earth's surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transport planning
source: RHW

environmental conservation
type: Concept
definition: Efforts and activities to maintain and sustain those attributes in natural and urban environments which are essential both to human physical and mental health and to enjoyment of life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren babes
broader: environmental protection
narrower: biotope order
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9314
narrower: conservation of species
narrower: soil conservation
narrower: forest conservation
narrower: resource conservation
narrower: landscape conservation
narrower: land conservation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9159
narrower: nature conservation
narrower: conservation of monuments
related match: Environmental protection
source: UNUN

environmental contingency planning
type: Concept
definition: The production of an organized, programmatic and coordinated course of action to be followed in the case of some accident, disaster or occurrence threatening an ecosystem and the human health or natural resources within it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disaster contingency plan
source: TOE

environmental control
type: Concept
definition: Protection of the environment through policies concerning the control of wastes, the improvement of the human-made environment, the protection of heritage values, the institution of national parks and reserves, the protection of fauna and flora, the conservation of forests and landscapes, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: immission control
narrower: erosion control
narrower: control measure
narrower: desertification control
narrower: emission control
related match: HVAC
source: GILP96

environmental cost
type: Concept
definition: Expenses incurred as a result of some violation of ecological integrity either by an enterprise that implements a program to rectify the situation, or by society or the ecosystem as a whole when no person or enterprise is held liable.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cost
narrower: internalisation of environmental costs
narrower: environmental protection cost
narrower: pollution cost
narrower: waste disposal cost
source: ECH
source: IEC

environmental crime
type: Concept
definition: Unlawful acts against the environment, such as water contamination, hazardous waste disposal, air contamination, unpermitted installation of plants, oil spills, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: crime
source: AZENP

environmental criminal law
type: Concept
definition: The aggregate of statutory enactments pertaining to actions or instances of ecological negligence deemed injurious to public welfare or government interests and legally prohibited.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: criminal law
source: RHW

environmental criterion
type: Concept
definition: Standards of physical, chemical or biological (but sometimes including social, aesthetic, etc.) components that define a given quality of an environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološki kriterij @hr
broader: environmental assessment
narrower: global aspect
narrower: environmental aspect of human settlements
narrower: environmental balance
narrower: environmental quality criterion
narrower: environmental compatibility
narrower: eco-balance
narrower: environmental assessment criterion
source: LANDY

accidental release of organisms
type: Concept
definition: Genetically engineered organisms that are released in the environment by mistake; once released they may exhibit some previously unknown pathogenicity, might take over from some naturally occurring bacteria (possibly having other positive functions which thus are lost) or pass on some unwanted trait to such indigenous bacteria. There is also concern that an uncontrolled genetic mutation could produce a form with hazardous consequences for the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: release of organisms
source: WPR

environmental culture
type: Concept
definition: The total of learned behavior, attitudes, practices and knowledge that a society has with respect to maintaining or protecting its natural resources, the ecosystem and all other external conditions affecting human life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: culture (society)
broader: environmental awareness
source: ANT
source: TOE

environmental damage
type: Concept
definition: Harm done to the environment, e.g. loss of wetlands, pollution of rivers, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βλάβη στο περιβάλλον @el
alternative label: ingurugiro-kalte
broader: effect
narrower: animal damage
narrower: water damage
narrower: field damage
narrower: immission damage
narrower: storm damage
narrower: forest damage
narrower: soil damage
related match: Environmental degradation
source: PHC

environmental data
type: Concept
definition: Information concerning the state or condition of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroari buruzko datu
narrower: noise spectrum
narrower: geo-referenced data
narrower: spatial distribution
narrower: environmental specimen bank
narrower: data acquisition
narrower: monitoring data
narrower: data on the state of the environment
narrower: economic data
narrower: inventory
narrower: operating data
narrower: statistical data
related: environmental analysis
source: RRDA

environmental development
type: Concept
definition: The growth, progress or advancement in matters of ecological concern.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental policy
narrower: sustainable development
narrower: ecodevelopment
source: ISEP

air temperature
type: Concept
definition: The temperature of the atmosphere which represents the average kinetic energy of the molecular motion in a small region and is defined in terms of a standard or calibrated thermometer in thermal equilibrium with the air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climatic factor
related match: Temperature
source: MGH

environmental economy issue
type: Concept
definition: A matter of public importance involving both a community's or a country's management of financial resources and its protection of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-ekonomiaren arazo
narrower: environment market
narrower: environmental economics of firms
narrower: green fiscal instrument
narrower: environmental stock exchange
narrower: valued ecosystem component
narrower: environmental investment
narrower: environmental incentive
narrower: ecological bookkeeping
narrower: ecological stocktaking
narrower: economical-ecological efficiency
narrower: environmental fund
narrower: environmental economic valuation
narrower: Global Environment Facility
narrower: ecomarketing
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9324
narrower: environmental tax
related: tradeable permit
source: OED
source: RHW

environmental economics
type: Concept
definition: A recognized field of specialization in the discipline of Economics that embraces the issues of pollution control and environment protection, in which costs and benefits are difficult or impossible to estimate, much of the subject matter falling outside the competitive market system. Yet, it is an area in which immense common property resources need to be allocated sensibly to the overall public good. The subject is also very much concerned with ways and means to achieve this sensible allocation such as emission and effluent charges, user charges for the treatment or disposal of waste, environmental taxes, product charges, deposit refunds, tradeable pollution rights, performance bonds, natural resource accounting, and the economic implications of sustainable development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικονομική του περιβάλλοντος @el
broader: economics
source: GILP96

environmental education
type: Concept
definition: The educational process that deals with the human interrelationships with the environment and that utilizes an interdisciplinary problem-solving approach with value clarification. Concerned with education progress of knowledge, understanding, attitudes, skills, and commitment for environmental problems and considerations. The need for environmental education is continuous, because each new generation needs to learn conservation for itself.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: level of education
related: environmental awareness
source: UNUN

environmental enterprise
type: Concept
definition: Organisations that are specialized in providing advice on environmental matters, for example investigation and remediation of potentially polluted land, water and air, and in the evaluation of environmental impacts; they employ professionals with the qualifications of engineering, geology, chemistry, hydrogeology, landscaping, environmental economics, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-aholkularitzaren enpresa
broader: environmental industry
source: GRAHAW

environmental ethics
type: Concept
definition: An ecological conscience or moral that reflects a commitment and responsibility toward the environment, including plants and animals as well as present and future generations of people. Oriented toward human societies living in harmony with the natural world on which they depend for survival and well being.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ethics
broader: environmental awareness
narrower: rights of nature
source: UNUN

air traffic
type: Concept
definition: Aircraft moving in flight or on airport runways.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic
narrower: civil air traffic
narrower: military air traffic
narrower: low-level flight
related: airport
related: aircraft noise
related: aviation law

environmental fund
type: Concept
definition: Financial resources set aside for measures involving ecological maintenance or the protection, defense, or shelter of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroa babesteko funts
broader: environmental economy issue
source: ISEP
source: OED

environmental hazard
type: Concept
definition: A physical or chemical agent capable of causing harm to the ecosystem or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hazard
source: FFD

environmental health
type: Concept
definition: The art and science of the protection of good health, the prevention of disease and injury through the control of positive environmental factors, and the reduction of potential physical, biological, chemical and radiological hazards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υγιεινή του περιβάλλοντος @el
broader: health
related: environmentally related disease
source: KOREN

environmental health hazard
type: Concept
definition: Any physical, chemical or other agent capable of causing harm to the interrelationship between humans and the surrounding external conditions, threatening both human well-being and ecological integrity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health hazard
source: TOE

environmental health impact assessment
type: Concept
definition: Assessment of impacts caused by an action on the health conditions of a population.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: impact assessment
source: RRDA

environmental health protection
type: Concept
definition: Measures or devices designed to reduce the risk of harm to human health posed by pollutants or other threatening conditions in the ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health protection
source: TOE

environmental history
type: Concept
definition: A systematic and chronological account of past events and conditions relating to the ecosystem, its natural resources or, more generally, the external factors surrounding and affecting human life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental information
source: TOE

environmental impact
type: Concept
definition: Any alteration of environmental conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced by the action or set of actions under consideration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επιπτώσεις στο περιβάλλον @el
alternative label: ingurugiroaren gaineko eragin
alternative label: ekološki učinak @hr
narrower: environmental impact of industry
narrower: environmental impact of transport
narrower: environmental impact of recreation
narrower: environmental impact of fishing
narrower: environmental impact of forestry
narrower: environmental impact of households
narrower: trade impact on environment
narrower: environmental impact of tourism
narrower: environmental impact of aquaculture
narrower: environmental impact of energy
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9166
narrower: socioeconomic impact of biotechnologies
narrower: environmental impact of agriculture
related: impact source
source: LANDY

environmental impact assessment
type: Concept
definition: Analysis and judgement of the effects upon the environment, both temporary and permanent, of a significant development or project. It must also consider the social consequences and alternative actions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren gaineko eraginaren ebaluaz
broader: impact assessment
narrower: EIA (local)
related: EIA directive
related: EIA law
source: BRACK

environmental impact of agriculture
type: Concept
definition: Agricultural activities have significant impacts on water quality, including increases in stream sedimentation from erosion, and increases in nutrients, pesticides, and salt concentrations in runoff. In certain regions, the misuse of pesticides has led to the development of pesticide-resistant strains of pests, destroyed natural predators, killed local wildlife, and contaminated human water supplies. Improper application of fertilizers has changed the types of vegetation and fish types inhabiting nearby waterways and rivers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nekazaritzaren ingurugiroaren gaineko er
broader: environmental impact
related: agriculture
related match: Environmental issues with agriculture
source: RAU
source: WPR

environmental impact of aquaculture
type: Concept
definition: Fish farming pollutes the water with nutrients, methane and hydrogen sulphide which threaten both farmed fish and other marine life. Dangerous pesticides have been used to treat infestations of sea lice.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: akuikulturaren ingurugiroaren gaineko er
broader: environmental impact
related: aquaculture
source: WPR

environmental impact of energy
type: Concept
definition: Energy and environmental problems are closely related, since it is nearly impossible to produce, transport, or consume energy without significant environmental impact. The environmental problems directly related to energy production and consumption include air pollution, water pollution, thermal pollution, and solid waste disposal. The emission of air pollutants from fossil fuel combustion is the major cause of urban air pollution. Diverse water pollution problems are associated with energy usage. One major problem is oil spills. In all petroleum-handling operations, there is a finite probability of spilling oil either on the earth or in a body of water. Coal mining can also pollute water. Changes in groundwater flow produced by mining operations often bring otherwise unpolluted waters into contact with certain mineral materials which are leached from the soil and produce an acid mine drainage. Solid waste is also a by-product of some forms of energy usage. Coal mining requires the removal of large quantities of earth as well as coal. In general, environmental problems increase with energy use and this combined with the limited energy resource base is the crux of the energy crisis. An energy impact assessment should compare these costs with the benefits to be derived from energy use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: energiaren ingurugiroaren gaineko eragin
broader: environmental impact
related: energy
source: RAU

environmental impact of fishing
type: Concept
definition: Fishing may have various negative effects on the environment: effluent and waste from fish farms may damage wild fish, seals, and shellfish. Fish farmers use tiny quantities of highly toxic chemicals to kill lice: one overdose could be devastating. So-called by-catches, or the incidental taking of non-commercial species in drift nets, trawling operations and long line fishing is responsible for the death of large marine animals and one factor in the threatened extinction of some species. Some fishing techniques, like the drift nets, yield not only tons of fish but kill millions of birds, whales and seals and catch millions of fish not intended. Small net holes often capture juvenile fish who never have a chance to reproduce. Some forms of equipment destroy natural habitats, for example bottom trawling may destroy natural reefs. Other destructive techniques are illegal dynamite and cyanide fishing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrantzaren ingurugiroaren gaineko eragin
broader: environmental impact
related: fishing
source: WPR

environmental impact of forestry
type: Concept
definition: The world's forestry resources are shrinking at an alarming rate. The need for foreign exchange encourages many developing countries to cut timber faster than forests can be regenerated. This overcutting not only depletes the resource that underpins the world timber trade, it causes loss of forest-based livelihoods, increases soil erosion and downstream flooding, and accelerates the loss of species and genetic resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: basogintzaren ingurugiroaren gaineko erag
broader: environmental impact
related: forestry
source: WPR

environmental impact of households
type: Concept
definition: Household impacts on the environment include domestic heating emissions (hot air, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water vapour and oxide of nitrogen, sulphur and other trace gases); domestic sewage consisting of human bodily discharges, water from kitchens, bathrooms and laundries; the dumping of bulky wastes such as old washing machines, refrigerators, cars and other objects that will not fit into the standard dustbin and which are often dumped about the countryside, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etxeen ingurugiroaren gaineko eragin
broader: environmental impact
related: household
source: GILP96
source: WPR

environmental impact of industry
type: Concept
definition: The effects on the environment connected with industrial activities are mainly related to the production of industrial wastes that can be divided into various types: solid waste, such as dust particles or slag from coal; liquid wastes from various processes, including radioactive coolants from power stations; and gas wastes, largely produced by the chemical industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industriaren ingurugiroaren gaineko eragin
broader: environmental impact
related: industry
source: RRDA

environmental impact of recreation
type: Concept
definition: Recreation and tourism are often accompanied by extensive damage to the environment. Aquatic ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to the effects of an increased tourist trade and the resultant building of hotel accommodations, sewage disposal works, roads, car parks and landing jetties on banks and coastlines; and the increased angling, swimming, water skiing, shooting or use of motor-boats in the water body. These all produce direct deleterious effects when conducted on a massive scale, including shore damage, chemical changes in the water, and sediments and biological changes in the plant and animal communities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jolasaren ingurugiroaren gaineko eragin
broader: environmental impact
related: recreation
source: WPR

environmental impact of tourism
type: Concept
definition: Extensive damage to the environment caused by recreation and tourism, including despoiling of coastlines by construction of tourist facilities; pollution of the sea; loss of historic buildings to make way for tourist facilities; loss of agricultural land for airport development, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: turismoaren ingurugiroaren gaineko eragin
broader: environmental impact
related: tourism
source: WPR

environmental impact of transport
type: Concept
definition: Impact of transportation-related activities on the environment, in particular, those impacts dealing with air pollution, noise, displacement of people and businesses, disruption of wildlife habitats, and overall growth-inducing effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garraioaren ingurugiroaren gaineko eragin
broader: environmental impact
source: RAU

environmental impact statement
type: Concept
definition: A detailed statement which, to the fullest extent possible, identifies and analyses, among other things, the anticipated environmental impact of a proposed action and discusses how the adverse effects will be mitigated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren gaineko eraginari buruzko
broader: impact assessment
source: LANDY

environmental impact study
type: Concept
definition: Survey conducted to ascertain the conditions of a site prior to the realization of a project, to analyze its possible impacts and compensative measures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren gaineko eraginaren azterke
alternative label: studija o utjecaju na okoliš @hr
broader: impact assessment
narrower: scoping procedure
related match: Environmental impact assessment
source: RRDA

environmental incentive
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren pizgarri ekonomiko
broader: environmental economy issue
narrower: environmental subsidy
narrower: antipollution incentive
related: economic instrument

environmental indicator
type: Concept
definition: A measurement, statistic or value that provides a proximate gauge or evidence of the effects of environmental management programs or of the state or condition of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološki pokazatelj @hr
broader: indicator
narrower: indicator of environmental quality
source: EPAGLO

environmental index
type: Concept
definition: An index of available environmental articles from 1972 to present; also known as Environmental Abstract Annual.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: index
source: KOREN

environmental industry
type: Concept
definition: Industries involved in the development of cleaner technologies, waste and wastewater treatment, recycling processes, biotechnology processes, catalysts, membranes, desulphurisation plants, noise reduction, and the manufacture of other products having an environment protection purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: environmental enterprise
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9103
related: environmental technology
source: DOBRIS

air traffic law
type: Concept
definition: International rules and conventions relating to air transportation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aviation law
source: DEFRA

environmental informatics
type: Concept
definition: Science and techniques of data elaboration and of computer processing of information concerning ecosystems and ecology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološki prihvatljiva informatička tehnologija @hr
broader: informatics
source: ISEP
source: TOE

environmental information
type: Concept
definition: Knowledge communicated or received concerning any aspect of the ecosystem, the natural resources within it or, more generally, the external factors surrounding and affecting human life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πληροφορίες @el
alternative label: informacije o okolišu @hr
broader: information
narrower: environmental history
narrower: environmental report
related: environmental analysis
source: TOE

environmental information network
type: Concept
definition: A system of interrelated persons and devices linked to permit the exchange of data or knowledge concerning natural resources, human health and other ecological matters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroari buruzko informazio-sare
broader: information network
source: ISEP
source: TOE

environmental information system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated assemblage of people, devices or other resources designed to exchange data or knowledge concerning any aspect of the ecosystem, the natural resources within or, more generally, the external factors surrounding and affecting human life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološki informacijski sustav @hr
alternative label: informacijski sustav okoliša @hr
broader: information system
source: RHW
source: TOE

environmental investment
type: Concept
definition: Securities held for the production of income in the form of interest and dividends with the aim of benefitting the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren aldeko inbertsio
broader: environmental economy issue
narrower: pollution control investment
source: EFP
source: ISEP

environmentalism
type: Concept
definition: 1) Concern for the environment and its protection. 2) Theory emphasizing the primary influence of the environment on the development of groups or individuals. It stresses the importance of the physical, biological, psychological, or cultural environment as a factor influencing the structure or behaviour of animals, including humans. In politics, this has given rise in many countries to Green Parties, which aim to " Preserve the planet and its people".
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: teorija okoliša @hr
broader: man-nature relationship

environmental law
type: Concept
definition: A wide spectrum of options from binding "hard" laws, such as international treaties and national legislation, to "soft" laws, covering guiding principles, recommended practices and procedures, and standards. Environmental law also attempts to reconcile international considerations with concerns that focus on very specific problems such as soil degradation, marine pollution or the depletion of non-renewable resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δίκαιο του περιβάλλοντος @el
broader: environmental legislation
source: WRIGHT

air traffic regulation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aireko zirkulazioaren kode
broader: traffic regulation

environmental law enforcement
type: Concept
definition: Any variety of activities associated with promoting compliance and obedience to those binding rules of a state that have been promulgated to safeguard ecological integrity, preserve natural resources and protect human health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law enforcement
source: BLD
source: TOE

environmental legislation
type: Concept
definition: Branch of law relating to pollution control; national parks, wildlife, fauna and flora, wilderness and biodiversity; environmental and occupational health; environmental planning; heritage conservation and a large number of international conventions relating to the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: soil conservation legislation
narrower: dangerous goods law
narrower: environmental legislation on agriculture
narrower: water resources legislation
narrower: environmental law
narrower: EIA law
narrower: natural independence law
narrower: nature conservation legislation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9208
narrower: environmental chemicals legislation
related match: Environmental law
source: GILP96

environmental legislation on agriculture
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate any aspect of farm and livestock production that poses a threat to ecological integrity and human health, especially the use of pesticides, fertilizers and land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental legislation
source: BLD
source: TOE

environmental legislative process
type: Concept
definition: The systematic course of proceedings in which a bill that would preserve or protect ecological resources may be enacted as a law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislative process
source: ODE

environmental liability
type: Concept
definition: The penalty to be paid by an organization for the damage caused by pollution and restoration necessary as a result of that damage, whether by accidental spillages from tankers, industrial waste discharges into waterways or land, or deliberate or accidental release of radioactive materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erantzukizun ekologiko
broader: liability
related: environmental awareness
source: WRIGHT

environmental licence
type: Concept
definition: A governmental license or grant that allows and regulates an enterprise's discharge of air pollutants, typically from a commercial or industrial plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-lizentzia
alternative label: ekološka dozvola @hr
alternative label: ekološka licenca @hr
alternative label: okolišna licenca @hr
broader: permission
source: BLD
source: TOE

environmentally dangerous substance
type: Concept
definition: Substance that causes undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of the air, water, or land that can harmfully affect the health, survival, or activities of human or other living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hazardous substance
source: VIRPUR

environmental friendly procurement
type: Concept
definition: The process of obtaining products and services which are favorably disposed toward the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktu garbien eskuratze
broader: services
source: RHW

environmentally friendly product
type: Concept
definition: Product that is not harmful to the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktu garbi
alternative label: ekološki proizvod @hr
broader: properties of materials
source: PHC

environmentally friendly management
type: Concept
definition: Adoption of integrated and preventative management practices aiming at reducing the impacts of industrial and trade activities on the environment; these practices include, among others, life-cycle analysis in the product development cycle, the introduction of clean process technology and measures of waste minimisation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kudeaketa ingurugiroarekiko adeitsu
alternative label: ekološko upravljanje @hr
alternative label: environmentálne vhodný manažment @sk
broader: environmental management
source: DOBRIS

environmentally related disease
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human disease
related: environmental health
related: biological effect

environmentally responsible behaviour
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ponašanje odgovorno prema okolišu @hr
broader: man-nature relationship

environmentally unfriendly firm
type: Concept
definition: Firms that do not comply with environmental regulations for the disposal of noxious wastes generated during the production cycle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: firm
source: RRDA

environmental management
type: Concept
definition: Measures and controls which are directed at environmental conservation, the rational and sustainable allocation and utilization of natural resources, the optimization of interrelations between society and the environment, and the improvement of human welfare for present and future generations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: land management and planning
narrower: environmentally friendly management
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9195
narrower: mountain management
narrower: air quality management
narrower: land occupation
narrower: landscape management
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9092
narrower: energy management
narrower: fisheries management
narrower: forest management
narrower: integrated management
narrower: agricultural management
narrower: resources management
related: management
source: UNUN

environmental medicine
type: Concept
definition: The art and science of the protection of good health, the promotion of aesthetic values, the prevention of disease and injury through the control of positive environmental factors, and the reduction of potential physical, biological, chemical, and radiological hazards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medicine (practice)
source: KOREN

environmental misconduct
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: crime

environmental monitoring
type: Concept
definition: Periodic and/or continued measuring, evaluating, and determining environmental parameters and/or pollution levels in order to prevent negative and damaging effects to the environment. Also include the forecasting of possible changes in ecosystem and/or the biosphere as a whole.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-kontrol
alternative label: okolišni monitoring @hr
alternative label: ekološki monitoring @hr
broader: monitoring
related: environmental analysis
source: UNUN

environmental noise
type: Concept
definition: The sound and the characteristics of sounds from all sources in the surrounding environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιβαλλοντικός θόρυβος @el
broader: noise pollutant
narrower: commercial noise
narrower: construction noise
narrower: domestic noise
narrower: animal noise
narrower: neighbourhood noise
narrower: industrial noise
narrower: aircraft noise
narrower: traffic noise
narrower: urban noise
related: noise emission
source: CONFER

environmental perception
type: Concept
definition: An intuitive recognition or understanding of the ecosystem and its natural resources, often based on human experiences or cultural attitudes or beliefs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: shvaćanje okoliša @hr
alternative label: percepcija okolišnih problema @hr
broader: environmental awareness
related: environmental anxiety
source: HMO
source: RHW

environmental performance
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental auditing

environmental planning
type: Concept
definition: The identification of desirable objectives for the physical environment, including social and economic objectives, and the creation of administrative procedures and programmes to meet those objectives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: plangintza ekologiko
alternative label: planiranje zaštite okoliša @hr
narrower: design (project)
narrower: planning measure
narrower: project
narrower: agricultural planning
narrower: plan
narrower: physical planning
narrower: Planning-Programming-Budgeting System
narrower: programme
related: human settlement
related: planning
source: GILP96

air transportation
type: Concept
definition: The use of aircraft, predominantly airplanes, to move passengers and cargo.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zračni transport @hr
alternative label: letecká preprava @sk
broader: transportation
related match: Aviation
source: MGH

environmental plan
type: Concept
definition: A formulated or systematic method for the protection of natural or ecological resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: plan ekologiko
broader: plan
source: OED

environmental policy
type: Concept
definition: Official statements of principles, intentions, values, and objective which are based on legislation and the governing authority of a state and which serve as a guide for the operations of governmental and private activities in environmental affairs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: politika očuvanja okoliša @hr
alternative label: ekološka politika @hr
narrower: environmental development
narrower: environmental policy instrument
narrower: environmental priority
narrower: industrial environmental policy
narrower: trinity of principles
narrower: municipal environmental policy
narrower: environmental quality objective
narrower: conservation policy
related: international environmental relations
related: policy
source: UNUN

environmental policy instrument
type: Concept
definition: Technological, economical and legislative measures employed to prevent or control pollution or damage of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-politikaren bitarteko
alternative label: instrument ekološke politike @hr
broader: environmental policy
narrower: target setting
narrower: flexible approach to environmental protection
related: policy instrument
source: DIZAMB

environmental pollution
type: Concept
definition: The introduction by man into the environment of substances or energy liable to cause hazards to human health, harm to living resources and ecological systems, damage to structure or amenity, or interference with legitimate uses of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren poluzio
broader: pollution
narrower: land pollution
narrower: transboundary pollution
narrower: atmospheric pollution
narrower: urban pollution
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9202
related match: Pollution
source: GRAHAW

environmental priority
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prioritet u zaštiti okoliša @hr
broader: environmental policy

environmental programme
type: Concept
definition: An organized group of activities and procedures, often run by a government agency or a nonprofit organization, to protect natural or ecological resources and advocate for ecological progress.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: programme
narrower: species conservation programme
narrower: enlargement programme
narrower: nature conservation programme
source: RHW

air-water interaction
type: Concept
definition: The physical processes at the air-water interface: momentum, heat and mass transfer across the air-water interface, mixing of surface water by wind stress and wave breaking, directional wave spectra and wave forces on offshore structures. The air-water interaction is measured by the turbulence and gas exchanges resulting from the mixing of the water column by wind.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric process
narrower: ocean-air interface
related: evapotranspiration
source: CEIS
source: WATER

environmental protection
type: Concept
definition: Measures and controls to prevent damage and degradation of the environment, including the sustainability of its living resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroa babeste
narrower: category of endangered species
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9206
narrower: environmental protection in the enterprise
narrower: natural areas protection
narrower: nature protection
narrower: climate protection
narrower: environmental conservation
source: UNUN

environmental protection agency
type: Concept
definition: EPA is the US Government's watchdog agency responsible for controlling the pollution of air and water, pesticides, radiation hazards and noise pollution. The agency is also involved in research to examine the effects of pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: naturvårdsverk @sv
broader: environmental administration institution
related match: United States Environmental Protection Agency
source: WRIGHT

environmental protection association
type: Concept
definition: Associations whose object resides in the protection of natural environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-babeserako elkarte
broader: association
source: RRDA

environmental protection cost
type: Concept
definition: The amount of money incurred in the preservation, defense, or shelter of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-babesaren kostu
broader: environmental cost
source: EFP
source: OED

environmental protection in the enterprise
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, procedures or installations undertaken by non-governmental, business or industrial entities to prevent or reduce harm to the ecosystem and human health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: enpresaren ingurugiro-babes
broader: environmental protection
source: RHW
source: TOE

environmental protection order
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-babeserako agindu
alternative label: nalog o zaštiti okoliša @hr
broader: order

environmental protection organisation
type: Concept
definition: A government agency, committee or group that is responsible for preserving and safeguarding ecological or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-babeserako erakunde
broader: environmental administration institution
source: TOE

environmental protection regulation
type: Concept
definition: A government or management prescribed rule for the preservation of natural resources and the prevention of damage or degradation of the ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-babeserako arautegi
broader: regulation
source: BLD
source: ISEP

environmental protection technology
type: Concept
definition: Technologies that meet environmental objectives by incorporating pollution prevention concepts in their design. Environmental control strategies introduced in the early design stages of a process, rather than an end-of-pipe control option introduced in the later stages, improve the technical and economic performance of a process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-babeserako teknologia
broader: environmental technology
source: ENVAR

environmental psychology
type: Concept
definition: A branch of experimental psychology which studies the relationships between behavior and the environmental context in which it occurs. Environmental psychology's primary focus is the influence of the physical environment and, therefore, much of the research in this area deals with the influences of noise, air pollution, climatic changes, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: psychology
source: JMU

environmental quality
type: Concept
definition: Properties and characteristics of the environment, either generalized or local, as they impinge on human beings and other organisms. Environmental quality is a general term which can refer to: varied characteristics such as air and water purity or pollution, noise, access to open space, and the visual effects of buildings, and the potential effects which such characteristics may have on physical and mental health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment
narrower: soil quality
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9214
narrower: air quality
source: LANDY

environmental quality criterion
type: Concept
definition: Criteria followed in establishing standards for exposure to pollutants and noise, in respect of pesticides, detergents, composition of effluents, discharge of trade wastes, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental criterion
source: GILP96

environmental quality objective
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: cilj kakvoće okoliša @hr
broader: environmental policy
narrower: impact prevention
narrower: pollution prevention
related: precautionary principle

environmental quality standard
type: Concept
definition: Normative documents and guidelines for determining the degree of environmental conditions and requirements to avoid negative and damaging effects, influences, and consequences.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: standard kakvoće okoliša @hr
broader: quality standard
source: UNUN

environmental report
type: Concept
definition: An account or statement, usually in writing, describing in detail events, situations or conditions pertaining to the ecosystem, its natural resources or any of the external factors surrounding and affecting human life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izvještaj o okolišu @hr
broader: environmental information
narrower: environmental study
narrower: report on the state of the environment
narrower: red list
source: TOE

environmental research
type: Concept
definition: The study of the environment and its modifications caused by human activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific research
narrower: ecosystem research
related: environmental analysis
source: DIFID

environmental risk assessment
type: Concept
definition: Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the risk posed to the environment by the actual or potential presence and/or use of specific pollutants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
broader: environmental assessment
source: OPPTIN

environmental risk
type: Concept
definition: Likelihood, or probability, of injury, disease, or death resulting from exposure to a potential environmental hazard.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κίνδυνος για το περιβάλλον @el
alternative label: ekološki rizik @hr
broader: risk
source: RRDA

environmental science
type: Concept
definition: The interdisciplinary study of environmental problems, within the framework of established physical and biological principles, i.e. oriented toward a scientific approach.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: science
source: UNUN

environmental security
type: Concept
definition: Measures taken or policies instituted to protect and promote the safety of external conditions affecting the life, development and survival of an organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
source: TOE

environmental specimen bank
type: Concept
definition: Places in which selected specimens (fish, mussels, milk, soil sample and human tissue, etc.) are stored without being allowed to decompose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental data
source: AZENP

environmental statement (eco-audit)
type: Concept
definition: Assessment made by a company or organization of the financial benefits and disadvantages to be derived from adopting a more environmentally sound policy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekoikuskaritza
broader: environmental auditing
source: PHC

environmental statistics
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: statistika okoliša @hr
broader: statistics
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9318

environmental stock exchange
type: Concept
definition: The buying, selling, or exchanging of ecological commodities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental economy issue
source: OED

environmental subsidy
type: Concept
definition: Payment by a government to assist or improve performance regarding ecological maintenance or the protection, defense, or shelter of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental incentive
source: ODE

environmental target
type: Concept
definition: Environmental elements of recognized importance which can be modified by the completion of a project.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološki cilj @hr
broader: parameter
narrower: non-target organism
source: RRDA

alarm
type: Concept
definition: Signalling an impending danger in order to call attention to some event or condition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: larm @sv
broader: warning system
source: AMHER
source: CED

environmental teaching
type: Concept
definition: Instruction, training or the imparting of knowledge about the external conditions affecting the life, development and survival of organisms, including potential dangers to the ecosystem and the means to maintain its integrity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διδασκαλία για το περιβάλλον @el
broader: teaching
related: environmental training
source: RHW
source: TOE

environmental technology
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološka tehnologija @hr
broader: technology
narrower: environmental protection technology
narrower: indigenous technology
narrower: integrated environmental protection technology
narrower: low-level technology
narrower: noise-free technology
narrower: pollution control technology
narrower: solar energy technology
narrower: alternative technology
narrower: appropriate technology
narrower: clean technology
narrower: materials technology
related: environmental industry

environmental terminology
type: Concept
definition: The vocabulary of technical terms and usage appropriate to community, corporate, governmental and other groups concerned with protecting natural resources, preserving the integrity of the ecosystem and safeguarding human health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološka terminologija @hr
broader: terminology
source: ISEP
source: TOE

environmental training
type: Concept
definition: Teaching of specialists and qualified workers who acquire knowledge and skills necessary to solve environmental problems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κατάρτιση σε θέματα @el
broader: training
related: environmental teaching
source: UNUN

environmental economic valuation
type: Concept
definition: The assessment, evaluation, or appraisal of business performance in matters involving ecology and finances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental economy issue
source: OED

environmental vandalism
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiroaren kontrako bandalismo
broader: vandalism
related match: Ecotage

environmental warfare
type: Concept
definition: The direct manipulation or destruction of ecological resources as either a political threat or for actual military advantage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-guda
broader: war
source: BAS

environment friendly
type: Concept
definition: Human activities, enterprises or products that reinforce rather than undermine the integrity of the ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: koristan za okoliš @hr
broader: military aspects
related match: Environmentally friendly
source: FLG

environment
type: Concept
definition: A concept which includes all aspects of the surroundings of humanity, affecting individuals and social groupings. The European Union has defined the environment as "the combination of elements whose complex interrelationships make up the settings, the surroundings and the conditions of life of the individual and of society, as they are or as they are felt". The environment thus includes the built environment, the natural environment and all natural resources, including air, land and water. It also includes the surroundings of the workplace.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurumen
narrower: sensitive environment
narrower: rural environment
narrower: geophysical environment
narrower: natural environment
narrower: physical environment
source: GILP96

enzyme
type: Concept
definition: Any of a group of catalytic proteins that are produced by living cells and that mediate and promote the chemical processes of life without themselves being altered or destroyed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
related: fermentation
source: MGH

epidemic
type: Concept
definition: A sudden increase in the incidence rate of a disease to a value above normal, affecting large numbers of people and spread over a wide area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: epidemia
broader: human disease
narrower: vector of human diseases
source: MGH

epidemiology
type: Concept
definition: 1) The study of the mass aspects of disease. 2) The study of the occurrence and distribution of disease and injury specified by person, place, and time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
source: KOREN
source: MGH

equine
type: Concept
definition: Animals belonging to the family of Equidae.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υλικοτεχνικός εξοπλισμός @el
broader: ungulate
narrower: horse
related match: Equus (genus)
source: ZINZAN

equipment
type: Concept
definition: Any collection of materials, supplies or apparatuses stored, furnished or provided for an undertaking or activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: thermal equipment
narrower: multispectral scanner
narrower: purification facility
narrower: military equipment
narrower: industrial equipment
narrower: drilling installation
narrower: electrotechnical equipment
narrower: mechanical equipment
narrower: agricultural equipment
narrower: monitoring equipment
narrower: pollution abatement equipment
narrower: separator
narrower: solar collector
narrower: filter
narrower: fitting (plumbing)
narrower: lamp
narrower: instrumentation
narrower: machinery
narrower: domestic appliance
narrower: measuring instrument
narrower: reactor
narrower: engine
narrower: electrical storage device
narrower: respiratory protection apparatus
narrower: data carrier
narrower: construction equipment
narrower: artificial satellite
related match: Tool
source: RHW

equivalent dose
type: Concept
definition: A quantity used in radiation protection, expressing all radiation on a common scale for calculating the effective absorbed dose. The unit of dose equivalent is the rem. which is numerically equal to the absorbed dose in rads multiplied by certain modifying factors such as the quality factor, the distribution factor, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dose
source: KOREN

ergonomics
type: Concept
definition: The study of human capability and psychology in relation to the working environment and the equipment operated by the worker.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: applied science
source: MGH

erosion
type: Concept
definition: The general process or the group of processes whereby the materials of Earth's crust are loosened , dissolved, or worn away and simultaneously moved from one place to another, by natural agencies, which include weathering, solution, corrosion, and transportation, but usually exclude mass wasting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geomorphic process
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9168
narrower: coastal erosion
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9330
related: soil erosion
source: BJGEO

erosion control
type: Concept
definition: Practices used during construction or other land disturbing activities to reduce or prevent soil erosion. Typical practices include planting of trees and quick growing grass on disturbed areas and other means to slow the movement of water across a disturbed site and trap the soil that does get transported by runoff.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έλεγχος της διάβρωσης @el
alternative label: sprječavanje erozije @hr
broader: environmental control
related: soil erosion
source: YORK

estuarine biology
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study or the characteristic life processes of living organisms found in a semi-enclosed coastal body of water which has a free connection with the open sea and within which sea water is measurably diluted with freshwater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: MHE
source: WOR
source: APD

estuarine conservation area
type: Concept
definition: Estuarine area which has been reserved by legislation to protect part or all of the enclosed environment for conservation, scientific, educational and/or recreational purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
related: estuary
source: ENVAU

estuarine ecosystem
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aquatic ecosystem

estuarine oceanography
type: Concept
definition: The study of the physical, chemical, biological and geological characteristics of a semi-enclosed coastal body of water which has a free connection with the open sea and within which sea water is measurably diluted with fresh water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: oceanography
source: MHE
source: APD

estuary
type: Concept
definition: Area at the mouth of a river where it broadens into the sea, and where fresh and sea water intermingle to produce brackish water. The estuarine environment is very rich in wildlife, particularly aquatic, but it is very vulnerable to damage as a result of the actions of humans.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: estuar @hr
alternative label: ústie rieky @sk
broader: river
related: estuarine conservation area
source: WRIGHT

etching
type: Concept
definition: The incision of lines on a plate of metal, glass, or other material by covering it with an acid-resistant coating, scratching through the coating, and then permitting an acid bath to erode exposed parts of the plate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χάραξη @el
alternative label: χαρακτική με οξύ @el
broader: chemical treatment
source: MGH

etching substance
type: Concept
definition: Substance capable of wearing away the surface of a metal, glass, etc. by chemical action.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
source: CED

ether
type: Concept
definition: A colorless liquid, slightly soluble in water; used as a reagent, intermediate, anesthetic, and solvent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dietyylieetteri @fi
broader: organooxygen compound
source: MGH

alcohol
type: Concept
definition: A group of organic chemical compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The molecules in the series vary in chain length and are composed of a hydrocarbon plus a hydroxyl group. Alcohol includes methanol and ethanol.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλκοόλη @el
broader: organooxygen compound
narrower: ethanol
source: EIADOE

ethics
type: Concept
definition: The philosophical study of the moral value of human conduct and of the rules and principles that ought to govern it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δεοντολογία @el
alternative label: ήθη @el
broader: philosophy
narrower: bioethics
narrower: environmental ethics
source: AMHER

ethnology
type: Concept
definition: The science that deals with the study of the origin, distribution, and relations of races or ethnic groups of mankind.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human science
source: MGH

ethology
type: Concept
definition: The study of animal behaviour in a natural context.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: behavioural science
source: MGH

EU Council
type: Concept
definition: The Council of the European Union is an institution which exercises legislative and decision-making powers. At the same time, it is the forum in which the representatives of the Governments of the 15 Member States can assert their interests and try to reach compromises. The Council ensures general coordination of the activities of the European Community, the main objective of which is the establishment of an internal market, i.e. an area without internal frontiers guaranteeing four freedoms of movement - for goods, persons, services and capital - to which should soon be added a single currency. In addition, the Council is responsible for intergovernmental cooperation, in common foreign and security policy (CFSP) and in the areas of justice and home affairs (JHA), including for example matters of immigration and asylum, combating terrorism and drugs and judicial cooperation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Europako Batasuneko Kontseilu
broader: European Union
related: EC Council of Ministers
source: UEEU

Euratom
type: Concept
definition: A precursor to the European Community, the European Atomic Energy Community was founded in 1958 by the European Common Market to conduct research, develop nuclear energy, create a common market for nuclear fuels and supervise the nuclear industry so as to prevent abuse and protect health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: EURATOM
broader: European Union
related match: European Atomic Energy Community
source: ERD

Europe
type: Concept
definition: The second smallest continent, forming the W extension of Eurasia: the border with Asia runs from the Urals to the Caspian and the Black Sea. The coastline is generally extremely indented and there are several peninsulas (notably Scandinavia, Italy and Iberia) and offshore islands (including the British Isles and Iceland). It contains a series of great mountain systems in the south (Pyrenees, Alps, Apennines, Carpathians, Caucasus), a large central plain, and a N region of lakes and mountains in Scandinavia.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9295
narrower: Eastern Europe
source: CED

European Commission
type: Concept
definition: The European Union's administrative body, composed of twenty independent members appointed by the Member States for five-year terms and vested with powers of initiative, implementation, management and control according to the mandates established in EU Treaties or handed down by the EU Council.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: European Union
source: EUR

European Court of Justice
type: Concept
definition: The supreme court of The European Union which oversees the application of the EU treaties, decides upon the validity and the meaning of Community legislation and determines whether any act or omission by the European Commission, the Council of Minister or any member state constitutes a breach of Community law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: European Union
source: DICLAW
source: EUEN

European Environment Agency
type: Concept
definition: The EEA is being set up to provide the European Community and its member states with objective, reliable and standardized information on the environment. It will assess the success of existing environmental policies and the data will be used to develop new policies for environmental protection measures. It will gather information covering the present, and foreseeable, state of the environment. The priority area are: air quality and emissions; water quality, pollutants and resources; soil quality, flora and fauna, and biotopes; land use and natural resources; waste management; noise pollution; chemicals; and protection of coastal areas. The Agency will also take into account the socio-economics dimension, cover transboundary and international matters, and avoid the duplication of the activities of other bodies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: EIA
broader: European Union
source: WRIGHT

European Environmental Council
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: European Union

accident source
type: Concept
definition: The cause or origin of an unexpected occurrence, failure or loss with the potential for harming human life, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: istripuaren jatorri
alternative label: uzrok nezgode @hr
broader: accident
narrower: oil slick
source: HMD
source: OED

European nature reserve
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nature reserve

European Parliament
type: Concept
definition: Formerly the "Assembly" of EEC. Comprises some 520 "representatives of the peoples" of European Community states, directly elected, and based in Strasbourg. Exercises advisory and supervisory powers; debates and passes resolutions and may veto admission of new member states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: European Union
source: CURZON

European Union
type: Concept
definition: The 15 nations (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, the UK, Austria, Finland and Sweden) that have joined together to form an economic community with common monetary, political and social aspirations. The EU came into being on 1 November 1993 according to the terms of the Maastricht Treaty; it comprises the three European Communities, extended by the adoption of a common foreign and security policy which requires cooperation between member states in foreign policy and security and cooperation in justice and home affairs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international organisation
narrower: EU Council
narrower: European Environmental Council
narrower: European Environment Agency
narrower: European Commission
narrower: European Court of Justice
narrower: European Parliament
narrower: European Communities
narrower: Euratom
narrower: EC Council of Ministers
narrower: European Monetary Fund
narrower: Court of Justice of the European Communities
related: EC directive
related: Community law
related: Community finance
related: Community budget
related: EC regulation
related: EC Treaty
source: DICLAW

eutrophication
type: Concept
definition: A process of pollution that occurs when a lake or stream becomes over-rich in plant nutrient; as a consequence it becomes overgrown in algae and other aquatic plants. The plants die and decompose. In decomposing the plants rob the water of oxygen and the lake, river or stream becomes lifeless. Nitrate fertilizers which drain from the fields, nutrients from animal wastes and human sewage are the primary causes of eutrophication. They have high biological oxygen demand (BOD).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (ευτροφισμός) @el
broader: pollution effect
narrower: algal bloom
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9202
source: WRIGHT

alga
type: Concept
definition: Simple, green, aquatic plants without stems, roots or leaves. They are among the microscopic organisms that form the start of the food chain. Algae are found floating in the sea and fresh water, but they also grow on the surface of damp walls, rocks, the bark of trees and on soil. They contain chlorophyll and other pigments that let them grow by photosynthesis. On land, algae can be useful in improving the fertility of soil by nitrogen fixation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cryptogam
narrower: chrysophyta
related: micro-organism
related match: Algae
source: WRIGHT

evaluation
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εκτίμηση @el
alternative label: αποτίμηση @el
alternative label: evaluacija @hr
narrower: desk study
narrower: dispersion calculation
narrower: evaluation of technology
narrower: evaluation method
narrower: comparison
narrower: demonstrability
narrower: data processing
narrower: forecast
related: damage assessment
related: risk assessment

evaluation criterion
type: Concept
definition: A standard, norm, value or measurement by which the quantity or quality of a process, object or person's work performance is ascertained through an analysis and judgment of the relevant information in context and in view of established goals, objectives and standards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy instrument
source: DAM

evaluation method
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: evaluacijska metoda @hr
broader: evaluation
narrower: interpretation method

evaluation of technology
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: evaluacija tehnologije @hr
broader: evaluation
related: technology

evaporation
type: Concept
definition: Conversion from a liquid or solid state to a vapour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baporizazio
alternative label: lurruntze
alternative label: evaporacija @hr
alternative label: vyparovanie @sk
broader: physical process
source: CED

evapotranspiration
type: Concept
definition: Discharge of water from the earth's surface to the atmosphere by evaporation from lakes, streams and soil surfaces and by transpiration from plants. Also known as fly-off.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εξατμισ(ι)οδιαπνοή @el
broader: plant life
related: air-water interaction
source: MGH

evolution
type: Concept
definition: The biological theory or process whereby species of plants and animals change with the passage of time so that their descendants differ from their ancestors, i.e. development from earlier forms by hereditary transmission of slight variations in successive generations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: razvoj @hr
broader: biosphere
narrower: fossil
source: UNUN

exact science
type: Concept
definition: Mathematics and other sciences based on calculation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: science
source: CED

excavated hole
type: Concept
definition: A pit, cavity, or other uncovered cutting produced by excavation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανασκαφέν άνοιγμα (όρυγμα) @el
broader: excavation site
source: BJGEO

excavation (process)
type: Concept
definition: The removal of earth from its natural position.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανασκαφή @el
alternative label: όρυξη @el
alternative label: indusketa
alternative label: kopanie @sk
broader: industrial process
source: HARRIS

algal bloom
type: Concept
definition: Excessive and rapid growth of algae and other aquatic plants when they are stimulated to grow too quickly by pollution. It takes place when there are too many nutrients in the water and is aggravated when accompanied by a rise in temperature. Although the algae grow quickly they soon die because they have swallowed up all the water's nutrients. As they decompose they tend to rise to the surface and form a green slime. Algal bloom have increased because higher levels of nitrogen and phosphates from agricultural areas have leached from the fields into water courses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: eutrophication
narrower: green tide
narrower: red tide
source: WRIGHT

excavation heap
type: Concept
definition: Residue in form of a heap, consisting of earth or other material, produced by excavation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hrpa iskopanog materijala @hr
broader: building waste

excavation site
type: Concept
definition: The location chosen for an excavation, meaning the act or process of removing soil and/or rock materials by digging, blasting, breaking, loading either at the surface or underground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: indusketa-gune
broader: mining district
narrower: excavated hole
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9367
source: BJGEO

excessive height of chimney stacks
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chimney height

executive order
type: Concept
definition: An order or regulation issued by the president or some administrative authority under his direction for the purpose of interpreting, implementing or giving administrative effect to a provision of the constitution or of some law or treaty.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uredba sa zakonskom snagom @hr
alternative label: (predsjednički) ukaz @hr
alternative label: izvršno rješenje @hr
alternative label: förordning @sv
broader: order

exhaust device
type: Concept
definition: 1) A duct or pipe through which waste material is emitted. 2) A combination of components which provides for enclosed flow of exhaust gas from engine parts to the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
source: AMHER
source: LEE

exhaust gas
type: Concept
definition: Offgas produced during combustion processes discharged directly or ultimately to the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αέριο εξάτμισης @el
broader: waste gas
broader: combustion gas
narrower: vehicle exhaust gas
related: denitrification of waste gas
related: catalytic converter
related: industrial emission
source: LEE

existing chemical
type: Concept
definition: Chemical products existing before 18-09-1981.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: chemicals traded or introduced in the EC defore 18.09.1981 concerning Chemikaliengesetz @en
broader: chemical product
related: EC regulation on existing chemicals
source: RRDA

exotic species
type: Concept
definition: Plants, animals or microorganisms which are introduced by humans into areas where they are not native. Exotics are often associated with negative ecological consequences for native species and the ecosystems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: species
related match: Introduced species
source: UNUN

expenditure
type: Concept
definition: Spending by consumers, investors, or government for goods or services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δαπάνες @el
alternative label: kostu
alternative label: potrošnja @hr
alternative label: trošak @hr
broader: accounting
narrower: household expenditure
narrower: public expenditure
narrower: government environmental expenditure
related match: Cost
source: ISEP
source: ODE

algicide
type: Concept
definition: Any substance or chemical applied to kill or control algal growth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: algicid @hr
broader: biocide
related match: Algaecide
source: LANDY

experiment
type: Concept
definition: A test under controlled conditions that is made to demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy of something previously untried.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: saiakuntza
alternative label: eksperiment @hr
narrower: field experiment
narrower: laboratory experiment
narrower: innovation
narrower: biotechnology
narrower: simulation
narrower: test
source: MGH

expert system
type: Concept
definition: A computer configuration of hardware and software that simulates the judgment and behavior of a human or an organization with extensive knowledge in a particular field, often by giving answers, solutions or diagnoses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: data processing system
source: RHW
source: WIC

exploration
type: Concept
definition: The search for economic deposits of minerals, ore, gas, oil, or coal by geological surveys, geophysical prospecting, boreholes and trial pits, or surface or underground headings, drifts, or tunnels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναζήτηση @el
alternative label: διερεύνηση @el
alternative label: εξερεύνηση @el
alternative label: esploratze
alternative label: tunnustelu @fi
alternative label: etsintä @fi
broader: research
source: MGH

explosion
type: Concept
definition: A violent, sudden release of energy resulting from powders or gases undergoing instantaneous ignition or from some other means of detonation, often accompanied by a force producing great amounts of heat, major structural damages, shock waves and flying shrapnel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανατίναξη @el
alternative label: eztanda
alternative label: männän työtahti @fi
broader: environmental accident
source: HMD

explosive
type: Concept
definition: A substance, such as trinitrotoluene, or a mixture, such as gunpowder, that is characterized by chemical stability but may be made to undergo rapid chemical change without an outside source of oxygen, whereupon it produces a large quantity of energy generally accompanied by the evolution of hot gases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εκρηκτικό @el
alternative label: räjähdysaine @fi
broader: industrial product
related match: Explosive material
source: MGH

export
type: Concept
definition: To send, take or carry an article of trade or commerce out of the country. To transport merchandise from one country to another in the course of trade.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: supply and demand
narrower: hazardous chemical export
narrower: waste export
source: WESTS

export licence
type: Concept
definition: Permission from a government to carry or send abroad and sell a product manufactured within its borders.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άδεια για εξαγωγή @el
alternative label: esportazio-lizentzia
broader: permission
source: BLD

export of hazardous wastes
type: Concept
definition: Transporting by-products of society that possesses at least one of four characteristics (ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity) to other countries or areas for the conduct of foreign trade.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste export
source: MGHME
source: TOE

exposure
type: Concept
definition: The time for which a material is illuminated or irradiated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bestrålning @sv
broader: physical process
related: permissible exposure limit
source: PITT

expropriation
type: Concept
definition: To deprive an owner of property, especially by taking it for public use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jabetza kentze
alternative label: eksproprijacija @hr
broader: ownership
related match: Eminent domain
source: CED

extensive cattle farming
type: Concept
definition: Farming system practiced in very large farms, characterized by low levels of inputs per unit area of land; in such situations the stocking rate, the number of livestock units per area , is low.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: abelazkuntza estentsibo
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
source: GOOD

externality
type: Concept
definition: Discrepancies between private costs and social costs or private advantages and social advantages; the basic concept of externality is interdependence without compensation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vanjski učinak @hr
alternative label: dodatni učinak @hr
alternative label: objektivni trošak @hr
alternative label: popratni trošak @hr
alternative label: dodatni trošak @hr
broader: national environmental accounting
source: GILP96
source: GREENW
source: PHC

alicyclic compound
type: Concept
definition: Any substance composed of two or more unlike atoms held together by chemical bonds characterized by straight-chained, branched or cyclic properties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aliphatic compound
narrower: alicyclic hydrocarbon
source: RHW

extinction (ecological)
type: Concept
definition: 1) The complete disappearance of a species of plant or animal from the planet. 2) Disappearing of animals and plants from the biota.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: iraungitze (ekologikoa)
alternative label: suntsitze (ekologikoa)
broader: autoecology
source: GREMES
source: WRIGHT

extinct species (IUCN)
type: Concept
definition: Animal or plant species which have completely disappeared from the planet.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: είδος που έχει εκλείψει [Διεθνής Ένωση @el
alternative label: espezie suntsitu (NKNB)
alternative label: espezie iraungi (NKNB)
broader: category of endangered species
source: WRIGHT

extraction
type: Concept
definition: Any process by which a pure metal is obtained from its ore.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εκχύλιση @el
alternative label: αφαίρεση @el
alternative label: εκρίζωση @el
alternative label: εξαγωγή @el
alternative label: erauzte
alternative label: tukinajo @fi
alternative label: malmin louhiminen @fi
broader: resource utilisation
narrower: aggregate extraction
narrower: sand extraction
narrower: mining
narrower: natural gas extraction
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9169
narrower: oil extraction
related: mining industry
source: UVAROV

alicyclic hydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: A class of organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms joined to form one or more rings and having the properties of both aliphatic and cyclic substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: alicyclic compound
source: MGH
source: RRDA

extractive industry
type: Concept
definition: Primary activities involved in the extraction of non-renewable resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: mining industry
narrower: coal industry
source: GOOD

fabric
type: Concept
definition: Any cloth made from yarn or fibres by weaving, knitting, felting, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υπόθεμα @el
alternative label: φέρων οργανισμός @el
alternative label: πλέγμα @el
alternative label: väv @sv
alternative label: system @sv
alternative label: konstruktion @sv
broader: textile
related match: Textile
source: CED

factor market
type: Concept
definition: Significant elements or reasons for an outcome in the buying, selling, and trading of particular goods or services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: market
source: OED

factory farming
type: Concept
definition: The technique of capital intensive animal-raising in an artificial environment, used for chicken, egg, turkey, beef, veal and pork production. Animals are restrained in a controlled indoor environment and their food is brought to them. The building take on the appearance of industrial units.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εργοστασιακή κτηνοτροφία @el
alternative label: abelazkuntza industrial
broader: farming technique
source: GOOD

faecal bacterium
type: Concept
definition: Bacteria contained in human and animal faeces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: bacterium
source: RRDA

aliphatic compound
type: Concept
definition: Any organic compound of hydrogen and carbon characterized by a straight chain of the carbon atoms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: alicyclic compound
narrower: aliphatic hydrocarbon
source: MGH

fallout
type: Concept
definition: The descent of airborne solid or liquid particles to the ground, which occurs when the speed at which they fall due to gravity exceeds that of any upward motion of the air surrounding them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kertymä @fi
broader: deposition
narrower: atmospheric fallout
narrower: radioactive fallout
narrower: chemical fallout
narrower: dry deposition
related match: Nuclear fallout
source: ALL

fallow area
type: Concept
definition: Land area normally used for crop production but left unsown for one or more growing seasons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: odmaranje tla @hr
alternative label: ladom ležiaca pôda @sk
broader: fallow land
source: MGH

fallow land
type: Concept
definition: Arable land not under rotation that is set at rest for a period of time ranging from one to five years before it is cultivated again, or land usually under permanent crops, meadows or pastures, which is not being used for that purpose for a period of at least one year. Arable land which is normally used for the cultivation of temporary crops but which is temporarily used for grazing is included.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-built-up area
narrower: fallow area
related match: Crop rotation
source: ECEST

family
type: Concept
definition: A group comprising parents, offsprings and others closely related or associated with them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social group
source: LBC

family planning
type: Concept
definition: The control of the number of children in a family and of the intervals between them, especially by the use of contraceptives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human population
narrower: sterilisation (biological)
source: CED

aliphatic hydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: Hydrocarbons having an open chain of carbon atoms, whether normal or forked, saturated or unsaturated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aliphatic compound
related match: Aliphatic compound
source: MGH

famine
type: Concept
definition: A severe shortage of food, as through crop failure or over population. It may be due to poor harvests following drought, floods, earthquake, war, social conflict, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: effect
broader: poverty
source: CED
source: GUNN

farm animal
type: Concept
definition: Animals reared in farms for working and producing food such as meat, eggs and milk.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: životinja na farmi @hr
broader: animal
narrower: poultry
narrower: livestock
narrower: draught animal
related: animal husbandry
related match: Livestock
source: CAMB

farm building
type: Concept
definition: The dwelling on a farm as distinguished from utility buildings as a barn, corncrib, milk house.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αγροικία @el
alternative label: laborantzako eraikin
alternative label: kuća na poljoprivrednom gospodarstvu @hr
alternative label: gård @sv
broader: farm
related: farming technique
related match: Barn
source: WEBSTE

alkali land
type: Concept
definition: Any geomorphic area, often a level lake-like plain, with soil containing a high percentage of mineral salts, located especially in arid regions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lur alkalino
broader: alkali soil
source: MHD
source: RHW

farm
type: Concept
definition: Any tract of land or building used for agricultural purposes, such as for raising crops and livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: farma @hr
broader: agricultural structure
narrower: agricultural real estate
narrower: farm building
source: RHW

fast traffic
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic

fauna
type: Concept
definition: The entire animal life of a given region, habitat or geological stratum.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: životinjski svijet @hr
alternative label: djurvärld @sv
broader: organism
narrower: wild fauna
narrower: avifauna
narrower: marine fauna
source: LBC

federal authority
type: Concept
definition: The power of a central government agency or its administrators to carry out the terms of the law creating the agency as well as to administer and implement regulations, laws and government policies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: authority body
source: BLD

federal government
type: Concept
definition: A system in which a country or nation formed by a union or confederation of independent states is governed by a central authority or organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: form of government
related match: Central government
source: BLD

federal law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules established by a government that has been constituted as a union of independent political units or states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislation
source: BLD

fee
type: Concept
definition: A charge fixed by law for services of public officers or for use of a privilege under control of government.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τέλος @el
alternative label: εισφορά @el
alternative label: δικαιώματα @el
alternative label: δίδακτρα @el
alternative label: εξέταστρα @el
alternative label: ordainsariak
alternative label: avgift @sv
alternative label: vederlag @sv
broader: economy
narrower: pay policy
narrower: wage system
source: WESTS

feeding of animals
type: Concept
definition: The act and effect of supplying animals with food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
related: animal foodstuff
source: ZINZAN

fen
type: Concept
definition: Waterlogged, spongy ground containing alkaline decaying vegetation, characterized by reeds, that may develop into peat. It sometimes occurs in the sinkholes of karst region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έλος @el
alternative label: τυρφώνας @el
alternative label: βάλτος @el
alternative label: istinga
alternative label: močvarno tlo @hr
alternative label: močiar @sk
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
source: BJGEO

fermentation
type: Concept
definition: Any enzymatic transformation of organic substrates, especially carbohydrates, generally accompanied by the evolution of gas; a physiological counterpart of oxidation, permitting certain organisms to live and grow in the absence of air; used in various industrial processes for the manufacture of products, such as alcohols, acids, and cheese by the action of yeasts, molds, and bacteria; alcoholic fermentation is the best-known example. Also known as zymosis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical process
related: bioreactor
related: biotechnology
related: enzyme
source: MGH

fern
type: Concept
definition: Any of a large number of vascular plants composing the division Polypodiophyta, without flowers and fruits.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garo
alternative label: ira
broader: tracheophyte
source: MGH

fertiliser
type: Concept
definition: Substance added to soil for the purpose of promoting plant life, usually containing nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus, e.g. manure, guano, rock phosphates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailu
alternative label: umjetno gnojivo @hr
broader: natural material
narrower: mineral conditioner
narrower: natural fertiliser
narrower: manure
narrower: semi-liquid manure
related: soil fertilisation
related match: Fertilizer
source: BENNET

fertiliser law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailuei buruzko legeria
broader: agricultural legislation

fibre
type: Concept
definition: An extremely long, pliable, cohesive natural or manufactured threadlike object from which yarns are spun to be woven into textiles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νημάτιο @el
alternative label: νήμα @el
broader: industrial product
narrower: natural fibre
narrower: synthetic textile fibre
related match: Fiber
source: MGH

fibreglass
type: Concept
definition: A material made from small fibres of glass twisted together, which is used for keeping buildings warm, or a plastic strengthened by these fibres and used for making structures such as the outsides of cars and boats.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fiberglas @hr
broader: mineral fibre
related match: Fiberglass
source: CAMB

field
type: Concept
definition: A limited area of land with grass or crops growing on it, which is usually surrounded by fences or closely planted bushes when it is part of a farm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ύπαιθρος @el
alternative label: περιοχή ορυχείου (πετρελαιοπηγής) @el
alternative label: αγρός @el
alternative label: sail
alternative label: soro
alternative label: arlo
alternative label: gebit @sv
alternative label: åker @sv
alternative label: äng @sv
alternative label: fack @sv
alternative label: mark @sv
alternative label: område @sv
broader: rural area
related: cultivation
source: CAMB

field damage
type: Concept
definition: A decline in the productivity of an area of land or in its ability to support natural ecosystems or types of agriculture. Degradation may be caused by a variety of factors, including inappropriate land management techniques, soil erosion, salinity, flooding, clearing, pests, pollution, climatic factors, or progressive urbanization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: alorren hondatze
broader: environmental damage
related: agriculture
source: GILP96

field experiment
type: Concept
definition: Experiment carried out on a substance or on an organism in the open air as opposed to in a laboratory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landa-saiakuntza
alternative label: pokus na terenu @hr
broader: experiment
source: PHC

field study
type: Concept
definition: Scientific study made in the open air to collect information that can not be obtained in a laboratory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επιτόπια έρευνα @el
alternative label: eremu-ikerketa
alternative label: terenska studija @hr
broader: scientific research
source: DUNSTE
source: PHC

filling material
type: Concept
definition: Any substance used to fill the holes and irregularities in planed or sanded surfaces so as to decrease the porosity of the surface for finish coatings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product
source: ECHO2

filling station
type: Concept
definition: A place where petrol and other supplies for motorists are sold.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σταθμός πλήρωσης @el
alternative label: ezantza-zerbitzugune
alternative label: gasolina-zerbitzugune
broader: community facility
source: CED

film
type: Concept
definition: A motion picture; a thin flexible strip of cellulose coated with a photographic emission, used to make negatives and transparencies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φιλμ @el
alternative label: μεμβράνη @el
alternative label: υμένιο @el
alternative label: επιφάνεια @el
alternative label: beläggning @sv
alternative label: folie @sv
broader: documentation
narrower: cinematographic film
narrower: documentary film
source: CED

filter
type: Concept
definition: A porous material for separating suspended particulate matter from liquids by passing the liquid through the pores in the filter and sieving out the solids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ηθμός @el
broader: equipment
narrower: bacterial bed
narrower: trickling filter
narrower: acoustic filter
related: filtration
source: MGH

filter cake
type: Concept
definition: Accumulated solids, wet or dry, generated by any filtration process, including accumulation on fabric filters in air filtering processes, or accumulation of wet solids in liquid filtering processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
related: filtration
source: EED
source: ISEP

alkali soil
type: Concept
definition: Soil that contains sufficient exchangeable sodium to interfere with water penetration and crop growth, either with or without appreciable quantities of soluble salts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil type
narrower: alkali land
related match: Alkali soils
source: LANDY

filtration
type: Concept
definition: Separation of suspended particles from a liquid, gas, etc., by the action of a filter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: iragazte
alternative label: filtracija @hr
broader: physicochemical process
narrower: microfiltration
narrower: ultrafiltration
related: filter
related: separation
related: filter cake
related: biofiltration
source: CED

final storage
type: Concept
definition: A system where inert materials, which are not to be mobilized by natural processes even for long time periods, are confined by three barriers: the natural impermeable surroundings, an artificial barrier (such as liner) which can be controlled and, most important, the inert material itself. The concept of final storage includes the possibility to mine the materials in the future if such materials are sufficiently "clean" (mono-landfills) and if it becomes economic to mine such ores.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: behin betiko biltegiratze
broader: waste disposal

finances
type: Concept
definition: The monetary resources or revenue of a government, company, organization or individual.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κεφάλαια @el
alternative label: valtionvarat @fi
alternative label: financijska sredstva @hr
narrower: financial fund
narrower: monetary relations
narrower: price
narrower: credit
narrower: investment
narrower: budget
narrower: monetary economics
narrower: financial management
narrower: cost
narrower: financial market
narrower: public finance
narrower: free movement of capital
narrower: taxation
narrower: financing
related match: Finance
source: RHW

financial assistance
type: Concept
definition: Help and support provided on matters concerning money.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aholkularitza finantziario
broader: financing
narrower: public financing
source: ISEP
source: RHW

financial compensation
type: Concept
definition: The financial reparations that a claimant seeks or a court awards for injuries sustained or property harmed by another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: financijska kompenzacija @hr
alternative label: ekonomisk ersättning @sv
broader: financial management
source: IVW

financial contribution
type: Concept
definition: Something given, including any form of income or price support; individual investor's monetary offering or contribution to common fund or stock; government agency's or lending aid agency's subsidy, grant, or other contribution to help bolster an economy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χρηματοδοτική συμμετοχή @el
alternative label: ekarpen finantziario
broader: financial market
source: OED

financial instrument
type: Concept
definition: A generic term that refers to the many different forms of financing a business may use. For example - loans, shares, and bonds are all considered financing instruments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χρηματοοικονομικός τίτλος @el
alternative label: finantza-baliabide
alternative label: finansiellt instrument @sv
broader: financial market
source: PGE

financial law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zakon o financijama @hr
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: tax law

financial market
type: Concept
definition: A place or institution in which buyers and sellers meet and trade monetary assets, including stocks, bonds, securities and money.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χρηματαγορά @el
alternative label: κεφαλαιαγορά @el
alternative label: finansiell marknad @sv
broader: finances
narrower: financial contribution
narrower: financial instrument
source: RHW

financing
type: Concept
definition: Procurement of monetary resources or credit to operate a business or acquire assets.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: finantzaketa
broader: finances
narrower: credit assistance
narrower: debt service
narrower: housing finance
narrower: subsidy
narrower: financial assistance
related match: Finance
source: WESTS

fine
type: Concept
definition: A pecuniary punishment or penalty imposed by lawful tribunal upon person convicted of crime or misdemeanor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λεπτός @el
alternative label: πρόστιμο @el
alternative label: χρηματική ποινή @el
alternative label: εκλεκτός @el
alternative label: upravno-kaznena mjera @hr
alternative label: novčana kazna @hr
alternative label: vite @sv
broader: penalty
source: BLACK

fine dust
type: Concept
definition: Air-borne solid particles, originating from human activity and natural sources, such as wind-blown soil and fires, that eventually settle through the force of gravity, and can cause injury to human and other animal respiratory systems through excessive inhalation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: respirabelt damm @sv
broader: air pollutant
narrower: electrosmog
source: ALL

fire
type: Concept
definition: The state of combustion in which inflammable material burns, producing heat, flames and often smoke.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φωτιά @el
alternative label: πυρά @el
alternative label: su
alternative label: požar @hr
broader: disaster
narrower: forest fire
narrower: grass fire
source: CED

fire precaution
type: Concept
definition: Measure, action or installation implemented in advance to avert the possibility of any unexpected and potentially harmful combustion of materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: prevention measure
narrower: prevention of forest fires
related: fire protection
source: RHW

fireproofing agent
type: Concept
definition: A chemical used as a coating for or a component of a combustible material to reduce or eliminate a tendency to burn; used with textiles, plastics, rubbers, paints, and other materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: negoriva tvar @hr
broader: industrial product
source: MGH

alkane
type: Concept
definition: Paraffins. A homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2. Their systematic names end in -ane. They are chemically inert, stable, and flammable. The first four members of the series (methane, ethane, propane, butane) are gases at ordinary temperatures; the next eleven are liquids, and form the main constituents of paraffin oil; the higher members are solids. Paraffin waxs consists mainly of higher alkanes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrocarbon
narrower: methane
source: UVAROV

fire protection
type: Concept
definition: All necessary precautions to see that fire is not initiated, by ensuring that all necessary fire fighting apparatus is in good order and available for use if fire should break out, and by ensuring that personnel are properly trained and drilled in fighting fire.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zaštita od požara @hr
broader: protective measure
narrower: fire safety requirement
related: fire precaution
source: ECHO1

fire safety requirement
type: Concept
definition: Rules to be followed and safety systems to be adopted for preventing or fighting fire.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fire protection
source: RRDA

fire service
type: Concept
definition: Technical organisation with trained personnel for dealing with fires and other incidents and for co-operating in their prevention.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: požarna služba @hr
broader: public utility
related: rescue system
related match: Fire department
source: ECHO1

firing
type: Concept
definition: The process of applying fire or heat, as in the hardening or glazing of ceramics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τροφοδοσία πυράς @el
alternative label: πυρά @el
alternative label: βολή @el
alternative label: έναυση @el
alternative label: ψήσιμο @el
alternative label: egoste
alternative label: ampuminen @fi
alternative label: pečenje u peći @hr
alternative label: loženje @hr
alternative label: bränsle @sv
alternative label: tändning @sv
broader: physicochemical treatment
related: small-scale furnace
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/930
related: rotary furnace
related match: Dismissal (employment)
source: HARRIS

firm
type: Concept
definition: A commercial partnership of two or more persons, especially when incorporated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poduzeće @hr
narrower: environmentally unfriendly firm
narrower: industrial environment (in general)
narrower: business activity
narrower: branch of activity
narrower: size of business
narrower: industrial structure
narrower: industrial manufacturing
narrower: professional society
narrower: multinational firm
related: business
related: industry
related match: Business
source: AMHER

fish disease
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrain-eritasun
broader: animal disease
related: fishery
related match: Fish diseases and parasites

fishery
type: Concept
definition: The industry of catching, processing and selling fish.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
hidden label: fisheries @en
narrower: fisheries structure
narrower: trapping
narrower: overfishing
narrower: catch yield
narrower: inland fishery
narrower: marine fishery
narrower: fishing ground
narrower: commercial fishery
narrower: by-catch
related: fisheries management
related: fishery policy
related: fishing law
related: fish kill
related: fish toxicity
related: fish disease
source: CED

fisheries management
type: Concept
definition: The administration and handling of aspects of the fishing industry, including the catching, processing and selling of fish.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrantza-industriaren kudeaketa
alternative label: upravljanje ribarstvom @hr
broader: management
broader: environmental management
related: fishery
source: RHW

fishery resource
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fiskeresurser @sv
broader: sea resource
narrower: fish stock
related: fish farming

fishery economics
type: Concept
definition: The production, distribution, and consumption of fish and seafood and all financial aspects of the fishing and seafood industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικονομικά της αλιείας @el
broader: economy
source: RHW

fishery policy
type: Concept
definition: Common Fisheries Policy which covers all fishing activities, the farming of living aquatic resources, and their processing and marketing, on the legal basis of Article 39 of the Treaty of Rome. It was agreed between members of the European Community in 1983. It lays down annual catch limits for major species of fish, a 12-mile exclusive fishing zone for each state, and an equal-access zone of 200 nautical miles from its coast within which any member state is allowed to fish.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
related: fishery
source: ECSA
source: SOCIOL

fish
type: Concept
definition: Cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vertebrate
broader: aquatic organism
narrower: migratory fish
source: MGH

fish farming
type: Concept
definition: Raising of fish in inland waters, estuaries or coastal waters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιχθυοκαλλιέργεια @el
alternative label: piszikultura
alternative label: ribogojstvo @hr
broader: aquaculture
related: fishery resource
source: WPR

fishing
type: Concept
definition: The attempt to catch fish or other aquatic animal with a hook or with nets, traps, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrainketa
alternative label: arrantzu
broader: leisure activity
narrower: angling
related: national fishing reserve
related: fishing licence
related: environmental impact of fishing
source: ZINZAN

alkyl compound
type: Concept
definition: Compound containing one or more alkyl radicals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: konposatu alkiliko
broader: organic substance
source: MGH

fishing industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the handling, processing, and packing of fish or shellfish for market or shipment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλιευτική βιομηχανία @el
broader: industry
source: KOREN

fishing law
type: Concept
definition: Rules concerning fishing activities; in international law the matter is ruled by the 1958 Geneva Convention.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
related: fishery
source: DEFRA

fishing preserve
type: Concept
definition: Limited portion of a water body where angling is allowed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλιευτικό καταφύγιο @el
alternative label: fikskonserv @sv
broader: recreational area
narrower: national fishing reserve
related: resource reserve
source: RRDA

fishing vessel
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ship

fish kill
type: Concept
definition: Fish diseases observed in the past three decades and which have been attributed to pollution include: haemorrhages; tumours; fin rot; deformed fins; and missing scales and tails. In industrialized countries, increasing numbers of fish are deemed inedible. Many small kills are not noticed or are not reported, and large kills are often not included because of insufficient information to determine whether the kills were caused by pollution or by natural factors. Low dissolved oxygen levels resulting from excessive sewage is one of the leading causes. The second most common cause is pesticides.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrain-sarraski
broader: environmental change
related: fishery
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9202
source: WPR

fish stock
type: Concept
definition: Quantity of fish held for future use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arrain-izakin
hidden label: fish stocks @en
broader: fishery resource
source: PHC

fish toxicity
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxicity
related: fishery

fitting (plumbing)
type: Concept
definition: Plumbing equipment in a building.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σύνδεσμοι @el
alternative label: επίπλωση (είδη, διαρρύθμιση) @el
alternative label: kiinteä varustus @fi
broader: equipment
source: RRDA

fixed schedule of charges
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cost

flag of convenience
type: Concept
definition: Practice of registering a merchant vessel with a country that has favourable (i.e. less restrictive ) safety requirements, registration fees, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: maritime law

flaring
type: Concept
definition: 1) Flares use open flames during normal and/or emergency operations to combust hazardous gaseous. The system has no special features to control temperature or time of combustion; however, supplemental fuel may be required to sustain the combustion. Historically, flares have been used to dispose of waste gases in the oil and gas industry and at wastewater treatment plants having anaerobic digestors. Regulation for thermal destruction of hazardous wastes limit the practical use of flaring to combustion of relatively simple hydrocarbons, such as methane from digesters or landfill gas collection systems. 2) A control device that burns hazardous materials to prevent their release into the environment; may operate continuously or intermittently, usually on top a stack.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: käyristyvä @fi
broader: physical treatment
related match: Flare
source: CORBIT
source: EPAGLO

rapid test
type: Concept
definition: Tests performed in the medical field whose results are available very quickly.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: test bizkor
alternative label: pikakoestus @fi
broader: testing method
source: RRDA

flavouring
type: Concept
definition: A substance, such as an extract or a spice, that imparts flavor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αρτύματα @el
alternative label: αρωματική ουσία @el
alternative label: καρύκευση @el
alternative label: aromatiziranje @hr
alternative label: korenie @sk
alternative label: smaktillsats @sv
broader: aromatic substance
related match: Seasoning
source: AMHER

flea
type: Concept
definition: Any of the wingless insects composing the order Siphonaptera; most are ectoparasites of mammals and birds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ardi
broader: insect
source: MGH

allergen
type: Concept
definition: Any antigen, such as pollen, a drug, or food, that induces an allergic state in humans or animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disease cause
source: MGH

flexible approach to environmental protection
type: Concept
definition: Plans, referred to in various rules as emissions averaging, or flexible compliance plans, allow facilities to undercontrol some emission points that are too costly to control to mandated levels as long as these units are balanced by overcontrolling other emission units that are more cost-effective to control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental policy instrument
source: ENVAR

flocculant
type: Concept
definition: A reagent added to a dispersion of solids in a liquid to bring together the fine particles to form flocs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: höytelöittämisaine @fi
alternative label: koaguleringsmedel @sv
alternative label: koagulermedel @sv
broader: chemical product
source: MGH

flocculation
type: Concept
definition: A process of contact and adhesion whereby the particles of a dispersed substance form large clusters or the aggregation of particles in a colloid to form small lumps, which then settle out.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θρόμβωση @el
alternative label: συσσωμάτωση @el
alternative label: flockulering @sv
alternative label: koagulation @sv
broader: physicochemical process
related: precipitation (chemical)
source: ALL

flood
type: Concept
definition: An unusual accumulation of water above the ground caused by high tide, heavy rain, melting snow or rapid runoff from paved areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πλημυρίδα @el
alternative label: κατακλυσμός @el
alternative label: flöde @sv
broader: hydrologic cycle
narrower: flood runoff
narrower: flooding
related: water damage
source: ALL

flood control
type: Concept
definition: Measures taken to prevent or reduce harm caused by an unusual accumulation of water above the ground, often involving the construction of reservoirs and channeling structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: suzbijanje poplava @hr
broader: safety measure
source: ALL
source: WWC

flooding
type: Concept
definition: A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of inland and/or tidal waters, and/or the unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source. A great flow along a watercourse or a flow causing inundation of lands not normally covered by water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υπερχείλιση @el
alternative label: πλημύριση @el
alternative label: επίπλευση @el
broader: flood
related match: Flood
source: LANDY

flora (biology)
type: Concept
definition: The plant life characterizing a specific geographic region or environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vegetacija @hr
alternative label: biljke @hr
alternative label: flora (biologija) @hr
broader: organism
source: MGH

flora restoration
type: Concept
definition: The process of returning plant ecosystems and habitats to their original conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fauna restoration
source: DUNSTE

flotation
type: Concept
definition: A process used to separate particulate solids by causing one group of particles to float; utilizes differences in surface chemical properties of the particles, some of which are entirely wetted by water, others are not.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: flotaatio @fi
broader: physicochemical process
source: MGH

flow
type: Concept
definition: The forward continuous movement of a fluid through closed or open channels or conduits.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παροχή υγρού @el
alternative label: vuoksi @fi
alternative label: prúd @sk
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9172
narrower: inflow
source: MGH

flower
type: Concept
definition: The reproductive structure of angiosperm plants, consisting of stamens and carpels surrounded by petals and sepals all borne on the receptacle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανθός @el
alternative label: lili
broader: plant component
source: CED

flowering plant
type: Concept
definition: Plants capable of producing conspicuous flowers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: angiosperm
narrower: graminaceous plant
narrower: grass
narrower: oak
narrower: rice
narrower: reed
narrower: posidonia
narrower: chestnut
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9186
narrower: tobacco
narrower: rape (plant)
source: CED

flow field
type: Concept
definition: The velocity and the density of a fluid as functions of position and time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
source: MGH

flowing water
type: Concept
definition: Moving waters like rivers and streams.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: freshwater
source: LANDY

flue gas
type: Concept
definition: The gaseous combustion product generated by a furnace and often exhausted through a chimney (flue).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αερολύματα @el
alternative label: rökgas @sv
broader: combustion gas
source: APD
source: LANDY

allergy
type: Concept
definition: A condition of abnormal sensitivity in certain individuals to contact with substances such as proteins, pollens, bacteria, and certain foods. This contact may result in exaggerated physiologic responses such as hay fever, asthma, and in severe enough situations, anaphylactic shock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human disease
related: immune system
source: KOREN

fluidics
type: Concept
definition: A control technology that employs fluid dynamic phenomena to perform sensing, control, information, processing, and actuation functions without the use of moving mechanical parts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fluidistoritekniikka @fi
alternative label: flödesteknik @sv
broader: physical science
source: MGH

fluidisation
type: Concept
definition: A roasting process in which finely divided solids are suspended in a rising current of air (or other fluid), producing a fluidized bed; used in the calcination of various materials, in the coal industry, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pyörrekerrostus @fi
broader: physicochemical treatment
narrower: fluidised bed
related match: Fluidization
source: MGH

fluidised bed
type: Concept
definition: 1) A system for burning solid carbonaceous fuel efficiently and at a relatively low temperature, thus minimizing the emission of pollutants. The fuel is crushed to very small particles or a powder and mixed with particles of an inert material. The mixture is fed into a bed through which air is pumped vertically upwards, agitating the particles so they behave like a fluid. The forced circulation of air and the small size and separation of fuel particles ensures efficient burning. 2) A bed of finely divided solid through which air or a gas is blown in a controlled manner so that it behaves as a liquid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρευστοποιημένο στρώμα @el
alternative label: leijukuivatin @fi
alternative label: leijukerros @fi
broader: fluidisation
related match: Fluidized bed
source: ALL
source: BRACK

fluoridation
type: Concept
definition: The addition of the fluorine ion to municipal water supplies in a final concentration of 0.8-1.6 ppm (parts per million) to help prevent dental caries in children.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: addition of fluor(ide) (ions) to (drinking) water @en
broader: drinking water treatment
related match: Water fluoridation
source: MGH

fluorine
type: Concept
definition: A gaseous or liquid chemical element; a member of the halide family, it is the most electronegative element and the most chemically energetic of the nonmetallic elements; highly toxic, corrosive, and flammable; used in rocket fuels and as a chemical intermediate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group VII
source: MGH

fluvial resource
type: Concept
definition: Any source of supply derived from a river, particularly its water, which is collected, stored and treated, then distributed for domestic, industrial, farm and other uses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: freshwater resource
source: WWC

river transport
type: Concept
definition: Transportation of goods or persons by means of ships travelling on rivers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inland waterways transport
source: CED

fly ash
type: Concept
definition: Finely divided particles of ash that are entrained in flue gases resulting from the combustion of fuel or other material. The particles of ash may contain incompletely burned fuel and other pollutants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air pollutant
related: ash
related: incineration
source: ALL

foaming agent
type: Concept
definition: Substances which make it possible to form a homogenous dispersion of a gaseous phase in a liquid or solid medium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: apar-sortzaile
alternative label: solustusaine @fi
broader: chemical product
source: ECHO1

fodder
type: Concept
definition: Bulk feed for livestock, especially hay, straw, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χορτονομή @el
alternative label: bazka
alternative label: krmivo @hr
alternative label: objemové krmivo @sk
broader: animal foodstuff
source: CED

fog
type: Concept
definition: Water droplets or, rarely, ice crystals suspended in the air in sufficient concentration to reduce visibility appreciably.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: meteorological phenomenon
source: MGH

mist
type: Concept
definition: Fine water droplets suspended in the air, which reduce visibility. Usually mists form at night, when the temperature falls because the sky is clear. If visibility falls below 1,000 metres, the mist becomes a fog.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ασθενής ομίχλη @el
alternative label: dis @sv
broader: meteorological phenomenon
source: PHC

allocation
type: Concept
definition: The assignment or allotment of resources to various uses in accord with a stated goal or policy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καταλογισμός @el
alternative label: εκχώρηση @el
alternative label: επίδομα @el
alternative label: διανομή @el
alternative label: adjudikazio
alternative label: määräraha @fi
alternative label: raspodjela @hr
alternative label: alokacija @hr
broader: economic policy
source: ODE

foliage
type: Concept
definition: The green leaves of a plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hostaila
alternative label: barrskrud @sv
broader: plant component
related match: Leaf
source: CED

food
type: Concept
definition: A material that can be ingested and utilized by the organism as a source of nutrition and energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τρόφιμα @el
broader: foodstuff
related: high protein food
related: staple food
related: drinking water
related: food requirement
related: adequate food supply
related: food production (agriculture)
source: MGH

food additive
type: Concept
definition: Substances that have no nutritive value in themselves (or are not being used as nutrients) which are added to food during processing to improve colour, texture, flavour, or keeping qualities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elikagai-aditibo
alternative label: fodertillsats @sv
broader: foodstuff
narrower: aromatic substance
source: ALL
source: MGH

food chain
type: Concept
definition: A sequence of organisms on successive trophic levels within a community, through which energy is transferred by feeding; energy enters the food chain during fixation by primary producers (mainly green plants) and passes to the herbivores (primary consumers) and then to the carnivores (secondary and tertiary consumers).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kate trofiko
alternative label: elika-kate
alternative label: elika-sare
broader: synecology
narrower: trophic level
source: LBC

allocation plan
type: Concept
definition: The formulation and application of such measures as laws, economic plans, urbanism, etc., to ensure a balance between the population's needs and the country's resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: adjudikazio-plan
alternative label: plan raspodjele @hr
broader: plan
related: building planning
source: ECHO2

food colourant
type: Concept
definition: Any digestible substance, usually a synthetic dye, which manufacturers add to food to give it color and enhance its appearance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dye
source: INP

food commerce
type: Concept
definition: An interchange of any food commodity or related food products, usually on a large scale.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elikagaien salerosketa
broader: trade (services)
source: RHW

food contamination
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elikagaien kutsadura
broader: food quality
related: food pollutant
related: forage contamination
related match: Food contaminants

food hygiene
type: Concept
definition: That part of the science of hygiene that deals with the principles and methods of sanitation applied to the quality of foodstuffs, to their processing, preparation, conservation and consumption by man.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hygiene
related match: Food safety
source: GUNN

food industry
type: Concept
definition: The commercial production and packaging of foods that are fabricated by processing, by combining various ingredients, or both.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος τροφίμων @el
alternative label: elikagai-industria
broader: industry
narrower: oil and fat industry
narrower: beverage industry
narrower: sugar industry
narrower: agri-foodstuff
narrower: food processing industry
narrower: dairy industry
source: MGH

food irradiation
type: Concept
definition: The most recent addition to food preservation technologies is the use of ionizing radiation, which has some distinct advantages over conventional methods. With irradiation, foods can be treated after packaging, thus eliminating post-processing contamination. In addition, foods are preserved in a fresh state and can be kept longer without noticeable loss of quality. Food irradiation leaves no residues, and changes in nutritional value due to irradiation are comparable with those produced by other processes. Irradiation is the process of applying high energy to a material, such as food, to sterilize or extend its shelf-life by killing microorganisms, insects and other pests residing on it. Sources of ionizing radiation that have been used include gamma rays, electron beams and X-rays. Gamma rays are produced by radioactive isotopes such as Cobalt-60. Electron beams are produced by linear accelerators, which themselves are powered by electricity. The dose applied to a product is the most important factor of the process. At high doses, food is essentially sterilized, just as occurs in canning. Products so treated can be stored at room temperature almost indefinitely. Controversial and banned in some countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: iradijacija hrane @hr
broader: food preservation
source: IFSE
source: VCN

food pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Potentially harmful substances in any food consumed by humans, or other animals, including inorganic and organic chemicals, viruses and bacteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elikagai-kutsatzaile
broader: pollutant
related: food contamination
source: ISEP

food preservation
type: Concept
definition: Processing designed to protect food from spoilage caused by microbes, enzymes, and autooxidation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: food technology
broader: industrial process
narrower: food irradiation
related: preserve
source: MGH

food processing industry
type: Concept
definition: A commercial establishment in which food is manufactured or packaged for human consumption.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βιομηχανία @el
alternative label: elikagai-industria
alternative label: industrija prerade hrane @hr
alternative label: livsmedelsförädlingsindustri @sv
broader: food industry
related match: Food industry
source: KOREN

food production (agriculture)
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elikagai-produkzio (nekazaritza)
broader: agriculture
related: food
related: fruit cultivation
related match: Food industry

food quality
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kvaliteta hrane @hr
broader: staple food
narrower: nutritive value of food
narrower: food contamination

food requirement
type: Concept
definition: The minimum food ration required for satisfying the essential needs of an organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: livsmedelkrav @sv
broader: applied nutrition
narrower: basic food requirement
narrower: malnutrition
related: food
source: DELFIN

food science
type: Concept
definition: The applied science which deals with the chemical, biochemical, physical, physiochemical, and biological properties of foods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
source: MGH

food storage
type: Concept
definition: Stock of food kept in storage as a national measure to provide security against fluctuations in food supply.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: storage (process)
related: food technology
source: WPR

foodstuff
type: Concept
definition: A substance that can be used or prepared for use as food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τρόφιμα @el
alternative label: τροφή @el
broader: product
narrower: vegetable oil
narrower: novel food
narrower: sweetener
narrower: protein product
narrower: meat
narrower: processed foodstuff
narrower: dairy product
narrower: food additive
narrower: vegetable
narrower: food
narrower: edible fat
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/992
narrower: preserve
narrower: animal foodstuff
narrower: grain
narrower: beverage
related: vitamin
related: nutrition
related match: Food
source: AMHER

food technology
type: Concept
definition: The application of science and engineering to the refining, manufacturing, and handling of foods; many food technologists are food scientists rather than engineers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
narrower: food preservation
related: food storage
source: MGH

food transport
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: freight transport

footpath
type: Concept
definition: A narrow path for walkers only.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μονοπάτι @el
alternative label: περίπατος @el
alternative label: bide-zidor
alternative label: put @hr
broader: path
source: CED

forage contamination
type: Concept
definition: Introduction of hazardous or poisonous substances such as arsenic or lead into, or onto, fodder for animals. The animals consume the contaminated feed and can become sick and may die.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bazkaren kutsadura
alternative label: onečišćenje krmiva @hr
broader: contamination
related: food contamination
source: ISEP

forage law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zakon o krmivu @hr
broader: agricultural legislation

alloy
type: Concept
definition: Any of a large number of substances having metallic properties and consisting of two or more elements; with few exceptions, the components are usually metallic elements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: slitina @hr
broader: industrial product
narrower: steel
narrower: amalgam
related: metal
source: MGH

forecast
type: Concept
definition: An estimate or prediction of a future condition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πρόγνωση @el
alternative label: pronostiko
alternative label: predviđanje @hr
broader: evaluation
narrower: meteorological forecasting
narrower: long-term forecasting
narrower: flood forecast
narrower: immission forecast
narrower: emission forecast
narrower: trend
related match: Forecasting
source: WEBSTE

foreclosure
type: Concept
definition: To shut out, to bar, to destroy an equity of redemption. A termination of all rights of the mortgagor or his grantee in the property covered by the mortgage. The process by which a mortgagor of real or personal property, or other owner of property subject to a lien, is deprived of his interest therein. Procedure by which mortgaged property is sold on default of mortgagor in satisfaction of mortgage debt. In common usage, refers to enforcement of lien, trust deed, or mortgage in any method provided by law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prodaja hipotekarne nekretnine @hr
broader: judicial system
source: WESTS

foreign economic relations
type: Concept
definition: Dealing in economic or monetary matters with foreign countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economy
related: foreign trade
source: OED

foreign policy
type: Concept
definition: The diplomatic policy of a nation in its interactions with other nations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
source: WEBSTE

foreign trade
type: Concept
definition: Trade between countries and firms belonging to different countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: robna razmjena s inozemstvom @hr
broader: trade (services)
narrower: international trade
related: international relations
related: foreign economic relations
related match: International trade

forest
type: Concept
definition: A vegetation community dominated by trees and other woody shrubs, growing close enough together that the tree tops touch or overlap, creating various degrees of shade on the forest floor. It may produce benefits such as timber, recreation, wildlife habitat, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan
broader: terrestrial area
narrower: timber forest
narrower: forestry unit
narrower: indigenous forest
narrower: temperate forest
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9349
narrower: mountain forest
narrower: deciduous forest
narrower: tropical forest
narrower: coniferous forest
narrower: coppice
narrower: mixed forest
narrower: natural forest
narrower: primary forest
narrower: rain forest
related: forestry
source: DUNSTE

alluvion
type: Concept
definition: An overflowing; an inundation or flood, especially when the water is charged with much suspended material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: naplavljivanje @hr
broader: sediment
source: BJGEO

forest conservation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihanen kontserbazio
broader: environmental conservation

forest cover destruction
type: Concept
definition: Destruction of forests is carried out in many countries in order to provide new land for agricultural or livestock purposes. It is often done without factors such as climate and topography having been sufficiently studied and on lands where slope nature of the soil or other physiographic characteristics clearly indicate that the land involved is suitable only for forest. Although these practices may lead to a temporary increase in productivity, there are also many indications that in the long run there is usually a decrease in productivity per unit of surface and that erosion and irreversible soil deterioration often accompany this process. Many factors contribute to forest cover destruction: timber production, clearance for agriculture, cutting for firewood and charcoal, fires, droughts, strip mining, pollution, urban development, population pressures, and warfare.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-estalkiaren suntsidura
broader: effect on the environment
related: desertification
source: WPR

forest damage
type: Concept
definition: Reduction of tree population in forests caused by acidic precipitation, forest fires, air pollution, deforestation, pests and diseases of trees, wildlife, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: basoan eragindako kalte
alternative label: oihan-kalte
alternative label: oihanean eragindako kalte
broader: environmental damage
related: forest deterioration
source: WPR

forest ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Any forest environment, in which plants and animals interact with the chemical and physical features of the environment, in which they live.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: basoko ekosistema
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
related match: Forest ecology
source: GILP96

forest fire
type: Concept
definition: A conflagration in or destroying large wooded areas having a thick growth of trees and plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-sute
broader: fire
related: forestry
related match: Wildfire
source: ISEP

alpha radiation
type: Concept
definition: A stream of alpha particles which are ejected from many radioactive substances having a penetrating power of a few cm in air but can be stopped by a thin piece of paper.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ακτινοβολία α @el
broader: ionising radiation
related match: Alpha decay
source: MGH
source: PITT

forest industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of establishments is engaged in the management of an extensive area of woodland, often to produce products and benefits such as timber, wildlife habitat, clean water, biodiversity and recreation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-industria
broader: industry
related: timber producing chain
related match: Forestry
source: NCF

forest management
type: Concept
definition: Planning of forest utilization for wood production, conservation purposes, fauna and flora protection, recreation and water supply.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihanen kudeaketa
broader: environmental management
related: forestry
source: RFA

forest pest
type: Concept
definition: Organisms that damage trees.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-izurrite
broader: pest
source: CED

forest policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government or some other organization, which seeks to preserve or protect an extensive area of woodland, often to produce products and benefits such as timber, wildlife habitat, clean water, biodiversity and recreation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-politika
broader: policy
source: NCF

forest production
type: Concept
definition: Forests produce a range of products including firewood and charcoal, lumber, paper, and crops such as coffee, oil palm, and rubber. With careful planning of growth and harvesting, wood and other forest products are, in principle, renewable resources. But achieving renewability takes time - often decades, sometimes centuries. Without careful management, pressure for short-term exploitation can lead to tree removal, soil degradation, and conversion of woodland to other uses. Consumption of forest resources can lead to environmental problems as well as loss of critical habitat and species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: basoko produkzio
alternative label: oihaneko ekoizpen
alternative label: oihaneko produkzio
broader: forestry
source: WRES

forest product
type: Concept
definition: Any material afforded by a forest for commercial use, such as tree products and forage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihaneko produktu
broader: natural material
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9358
narrower: cork
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9348
related: resin
related: fuel wood
source: MGH

forest reserve
type: Concept
definition: Forest area set aside for the purpose of protecting certain fauna and flora, or both.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-erreserba
alternative label: metsänsuojelualue @fi
broader: reserve
narrower: forest biological reserve
narrower: private forest
narrower: state forest
related: forestry
related match: Nature reserve
source: GILP96

forest resource assessment
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baso-baliabideen ebaluazio
broader: resource appraisal

forest resource
type: Concept
definition: Forest resources consist of two separate but closely related parts: the forest land and the trees (timber) on that land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baso-baliabideak
broader: plant resource
related: forestry
source: PARCOR

forestry
type: Concept
definition: The management of forest lands for wood, forages, water, wildlife, and recreation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δασοκομία @el
alternative label: δασολογία @el
alternative label: skogsbruk @sv
narrower: forestry practice
narrower: deforestation
narrower: agroforestry
narrower: afforestation
narrower: forest production
narrower: forest exploitation
narrower: wood hauling
related: environmental impact of forestry
related: forestry legislation
related: inventory of forest damage
related: forest resource
related: forest management
related: forest
related: forest fire
related: forest reserve
source: MGH

forestry economics
type: Concept
definition: The production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services from the industry involved with the process of establishing and managing forests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan-ekonomia
broader: economy
related: economics
source: RHW

forestry law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate any extensive area of woodland, for the protection and preservation of game, timber and other forest resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: forestry legislation
source: MHE

forestry legislation
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the use and conservation of wooded areas, most often those owned by the government itself.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: forestry law
related: forestry
source: BLD

forestry practice
type: Concept
definition: The farming of trees to ensure a continuing supply of timber and other forest products. Foresters care for existing trees, protecting them from fire, pests and diseases, and felling where trees are overcrowded or dying and when ready for cropping. They also plant new areas (afforestation) and replant felled areas (reafforestation).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: forestry
narrower: stock (biological)
narrower: cutting (forestry)
source: GOOD

form of government
type: Concept
definition: Form of authority in which an individual or group of individuals wield power over the majority.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: government (cabinet)
narrower: central government
narrower: territorial government
narrower: local government
narrower: federal government
source: WSU

fossil
type: Concept
definition: Any remains, trace, or imprint of a plant or animal that has been preserved in the Earth's crust since some past geologic or prehistoric time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: evolution
source: BJGEO

fossil fuel
type: Concept
definition: The energy-containing materials which were converted over many thousands of years from their original form of trees, plants and other organisms after being buried in the ground. Physical and chemical processes occurred in the Earth's crust that changed them into coal, peat, oil or natural gas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fuel
narrower: peat
narrower: lignite
narrower: coal
related: non-renewable energy resource
source: WRIGHT

fouling growth
type: Concept
definition: The adhesion of different marine organisms to the underwater parts of ships, causing the ships to loose speed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: specialisation (biological)
related: antifouling agent
source: MGH

four stroke engine
type: Concept
definition: An internal combustion engine whose cycle is completed in four piston strokes; includes a suction stroke, compression stroke, expansion stroke, and exhaust stroke.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: combustion engine
narrower: gas engine
narrower: gasoline engine
related match: Four-stroke engine
source: MGH

framework legislation
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules prescribed by a government, often composed in a series of inter-related parts, to establish or lay the foundation for a new project, agency or organizational structure.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislation
source: RHW

access to information
type: Concept
definition: The ability, right and permission to approach and use, or the general availability of resources that convey knowledge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: access to culture
related: public information
related match: Information access
source: RHW

freight transport
type: Concept
definition: Transportation of goods by ship, aircraft or other vehicles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prijevoz tereta @hr
broader: transportation
narrower: heavy goods vehicle traffic
narrower: dangerous materials transport
narrower: food transport
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9119
narrower: long-distance transport
source: RRDA

freon
type: Concept
definition: Trade name for a group of polyhalogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine and chlorine; an example is trichlorofluoromethane.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chlorofluorocarbon
related match: Chlorofluorocarbon
source: MGH

freshwater
type: Concept
definition: Water having a relatively low mineral content, generally less than 500 mg/l of dissolved solids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: surface water
narrower: water table
narrower: flowing water
narrower: rain water
narrower: river water
narrower: ice
related: drinking water
related: mineral water
source: LANDY

freshwater biology
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study or the characteristic life processes of living organisms found in a natural body of water that does not contain significant amounts of dissolved salts and minerals, such as a lake or river.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
related match: Freshwater ecosystem
source: WOR
source: APD

freshwater degradation
type: Concept
definition: Pollution immediately or eventually involves the hydrological cycle of the earth, because even pollutants emitted into the air and those present in the soil are washed out by precipitation. Water is considered polluted when it is altered in composition or condition so that it becomes less suitable for any or all of the functions and purposes for which it would be suitable in its natural state. This definition includes changes in the physical, chemical and biological properties of water, or such discharges of liquid, gaseous or solid substances into water as will or are likely to create nuisances or render such water harmful to public health, safety or welfare, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, fish or other aquatic life. It also includes changes in temperatures, due to the discharge of hot water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: degradation of the environment
narrower: sediment mobilisation
source: WPR

freshwater ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The living organisms and nonliving materials of an inland aquatic environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: slatkovodni ekološki sustav @hr
broader: aquatic ecosystem
source: MGH

alternative material
type: Concept
definition: Materials employed in the place of others which are more dangerous for the environment, such as phosphate substitutes in detergents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zamjenski materijal @hr
broader: properties of materials
source: RRDA

freshwater monitoring
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ur gezaren kontrol
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9196

freshwater organism
type: Concept
definition: Organisms which live in freshwater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aquatic organism
source: PHC

freshwater pollution
type: Concept
definition: The direct or indirect human alteration of the biological, physical, chemical or radiological integrity of freshwater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fresh water pollution @en
alternative label: ur gezaren poluzio
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9202
narrower: lake pollution
narrower: groundwater pollution
narrower: river pollution
source: LANDY

freshwater resource
type: Concept
definition: The network of rivers, lakes, and other surface waters that supply water for food production and other essential human systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9221
narrower: fluvial resource
source: ENVNEL

frog
type: Concept
definition: Any insectivorous anuran amphibian of the family Ranidae, such as Rana temporaria of Europe, having a short squat tailless body with a moist smooth skin and very long hind legs specialized for hopping.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άκερκα (βάτραχοι) @el
broader: amphibian
source: CED

frost
type: Concept
definition: A deposit of interlocking ice crystals formed by direct sublimation on objects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: meteorological phenomenon
source: MGH

fruit
type: Concept
definition: A fully matured plant ovary with or without other floral or shoot parts united with it at maturity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant component
related: fruit cultivation
source: MGH

fruit cultivation
type: Concept
definition: Cultivation of fruit trees for home consumption or on a commercial basis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οπωροκομία @el
alternative label: fruitu-laborantza
broader: farming technique
related: fruit
related: fruit tree
related: food production (agriculture)
source: CED

fruit tree
type: Concept
definition: Any tree that bears edible fruit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tree
related: fruit cultivation
source: CED

fuel
type: Concept
definition: Solid, liquid, or gaseous material such as gas, gasoline, oil, coal or wood, used to produce heat or power by burning.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: product
narrower: non-polluting fuel
narrower: domestic fuel
narrower: motor fuel
narrower: fuel oil
narrower: nuclear fuel
narrower: fossil fuel
narrower: animal dung as fuel
narrower: fuel wood
narrower: refuse derived fuel
narrower: liquefied gas
related: inflammable substance
related: energy source material
source: LANDY

fuel additive
type: Concept
definition: Substance (such as tetraethyl lead) which is added to petrol to prevent knocking.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erregai-aditibo
broader: additive
related match: Gasoline additive
source: PHC

fuel alcohol
type: Concept
definition: Alternative source of energy for motor vehicles. It is produced by fermentation of sugar cane by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: motor fuel
source: DICCHE

fuel composition
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical composition

alternative technology
type: Concept
definition: Technology that, as an alternative to resource-intensive and wasteful industry, aims to utilize resources sparingly, with minimum damage to the environment, at affordable cost and with a possible degree of control over the processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zamjenska tehnologija @hr
broader: environmental technology
source: GUNN

fuel consumption
type: Concept
definition: The amount of fuel utilized.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy utilisation
related: oil-based energy
related match: Fuel efficiency
source: PHC

fuel oil
type: Concept
definition: A liquid product burned to generate heat, exclusive of oils with a flash point below 38°C; includes heating oils, stove oils, furnace oils, bunker fuel oils.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μαζούτ @el
alternative label: eldningsolja @sv
broader: fuel
narrower: domestic fuel oil
related: fuel tank installation
source: MGH

fuel tank installation
type: Concept
definition: The operating, fuel-storage component of a fuel system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erregai-andelaren instalazio
broader: built structure
narrower: hydrocarbon storage tank
related: fuel oil
source: MGH

fuel wood
type: Concept
definition: Wood used for heating.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erregaitarako egur
alternative label: surtarako egur
alternative label: drvo za loženje @hr
broader: fuel
related: forest product
related match: Firewood
source: RRDA

fume
type: Concept
definition: Solids in the air that have been generated by the condensation of vapors, chemical reactions or sublimation (a direct change from solid to gas). Often metallic oxides or metals, these particles are less than 1 micrometer in diameter and may be toxic.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναθυμιάσεις @el
alternative label: αιθάλη @el
alternative label: gaser @sv
broader: air pollutant
narrower: industrial fume
related: incineration
source: ALL

alumina
type: Concept
definition: A natural or synthetic oxide of aluminum widely distributed in nature, often found as a constituent part of clays, feldspars, micas and other minerals, and as a major component of bauxite.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: glinica @hr
broader: ore
related match: Aluminium oxide
source: INP
source: RHW

fumigation
type: Concept
definition: The use of a chemical compound in a gaseous state to kill insects, nematodes, arachnids, rodents, weeds, and fungi in confined or inaccessible locations; also used to control weeds, nematodes, and insects in the field.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zadymovanie @sk
alternative label: dezinfekcia dymom @sk
alternative label: rökning @sv
broader: physical treatment
source: MGH

functional substance
type: Concept
definition: A substance from the point of view of its function or purpose, for example a painting agent or a preserving substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
source: RRDA

soil function
type: Concept
definition: The main soil function is participation in the material transformation and migrating processes occurring in the natural environment on which the functioning of ecosystems depends. The most active participants in the occurring processes are microorganisms and invertebrates, whose activity, different variety, complex structure, and abundance accurately reflect the soil type and its characteristics: so they are important indicators of ecological stability. The variety of soil organisms determine its self-regulatory and self-cleaning capacity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurzoruaren eginkizun
broader: soil
source: NERIS

mycete
type: Concept
definition: Nucleated usually filamentous, sporebearing organisms devoid of chlorophyll.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cryptogam
narrower: fungus
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9403
source: MGH

fungus
type: Concept
definition: Nucleated usually filamentous, sporebearing organisms devoid of chlorophyll.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mycete
narrower: basidiomycete
source: MGH

aluminium
type: Concept
notation: Al
definition: A light white metal, ductile and malleable, and a good conductor of electricity. It occurs widely in nature in clays and is the third most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It is extracted mainly from bauxite by electrolysis of a molten mixture of purified bauxite and cryolite. The metal and its alloys are used for aircraft, cooking utensils, electrical apparatus, and for many other purposes where its light weight is an advantage. Aluminium became implicated as an environmental health hazard in the 1980s on two counts. Biomedical scientists looking for possible causes of Alzheimer's disease, the premature senility indicated by loss of memory and confusion, found a circumstantial link with aluminium. The theory is a controversial one.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλουμίνιο @el
broader: element of group III
source: UVAROV
source: WRIGHT

fungicide
type: Concept
definition: Chemicals used to kill or halt the development of fungi that cause plant disease, such as: storage rot; seedling diseases; root rots; vascular wilts; leaf blights, rusts, smuts and mildews, and viral diseases. These can be controlled by the early and continued application of selected fungicides that either kill the pathogens or restrict their development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fungicid @sv
broader: biocide
related: chemical pest control
source: WRIGHT

fur
type: Concept
definition: The hair-covered, dressed pelt of such a mammal, used in the making of garments and as trimming or decoration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal product
related: fur animal
source: AMHER

fur animal
type: Concept
definition: Animals bred and slaughtered for their fur.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal
related: fur
source: WPR

furan
type: Concept
definition: A colourless flammable toxic liquid heterocyclic compound, used in the synthesis of nylon.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organooxygen compound
narrower: polychlorinated dibenzofuran
source: CED

furnace
type: Concept
definition: A structure or apparatus in which heat is produced by the combustion of fuel, often to warm houses, melt metals, produce steam and bake pottery.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: thermal equipment
narrower: small-scale furnace
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/930
narrower: rotary furnace
source: RHW

furniture
type: Concept
definition: The movable articles in a room or an establishment that make it fit for living or working.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: είδη επιπλώσεων @el
alternative label: έπιπλα @el
broader: industrial product
source: MGH

aluminium container
type: Concept
definition: A can or box made of aluminium in which material is held or carried.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συσκευασία από αλουμίνιο @el
alternative label: hliníkový kontajner @sk
broader: container
related: packaging
source: AMHER

furniture industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
related match: Furniture

furriery
type: Concept
definition: The business or trade of dressed furs and garments made from the coats of certain animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γουνοδέρματα @el
alternative label: turkikset @fi
broader: trade (services)
source: OED

gallinacean
type: Concept
definition: The order of birds that includes grouse, ptarmigan, capercaillie, partridges, pheasants, quails, turkeys and peacocks. These are mainly grain-eating, heavy-bodied, ground-nesting birds, capable of only short, rapid flights. The cocks are usually more colourful than the hens.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/912
source: ALL

aluminium content
type: Concept
definition: Amount of aluminium contained in a solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: concentration (value)
source: MGH

galvanisation
type: Concept
definition: The act of coating iron or steel with zinc, either by immersion in a bath of molten zinc or by deposition from a solution of zinc sulphate, to give protection against corrosion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical treatment
related match: Galvanization
source: ALL

game (animals)
type: Concept
definition: Wild animals, including birds and fish, hunted for sport, food or profit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ehiza
alternative label: divljač (životinje) @hr
alternative label: villebråd @sv
broader: animal
narrower: big game
source: CED

gamma radiation
type: Concept
definition: Radiation of gamma rays.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ακτινοβολία γ @el
broader: ionising radiation
related match: Gamma ray
source: MGH

garden
type: Concept
definition: A piece of land next to a house where flowers and other plants are grown and which often has an area of grass.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lore-baratze
alternative label: lilitegi
broader: green space
narrower: English garden
narrower: terraced garden
narrower: home garden
narrower: French formal garden
related: cultivation
source: CAMB

aluminium industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the mining and processing of aluminum.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industrija aluminija @hr
broader: metallurgical industry
source: ENC

garden waste
type: Concept
definition: Natural organic matter discarded from gardens and yards including leaves, grass clippings, prunings, brush and stumps.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lorategiko abar
broader: compostable waste
related match: Green waste
source: DMG

garrigue
type: Concept
definition: Mediterranean bush consisting of low evergreen shrubs and abundant herbaceous plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χαμόδενδρα @el
alternative label: buskstäpp @sv
broader: terrestrial area
source: ZINZAN

gas
type: Concept
definition: A substance that continues to occupy in a continuous manner the whole of the space in which it is placed, however large or small this place is mad, the temperature remaining constant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: gaseous state
related match: http://rdfdata.eionet.europa.eu/eea/determinants/1042
source: PITT

gas chromatography
type: Concept
definition: A separation technique involving passage of a gaseous moving phase through a column containing a fixed phase; it is used principally as a quantitative analytical technique for volatile compounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chromatography
source: MGH

gas company
type: Concept
definition: Company charged with the production and distribution of gas for domestic use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
related: gas supply
source: RRDA

gas engine
type: Concept
definition: An internal combustion engine that uses gaseous fuel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: four stroke engine
source: MGH

gaseous air pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Uncondensed or volatile gases, usually comprised of chemical compounds, discharged to the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aire-poluitzaile gaseoso
broader: air pollutant
narrower: waste air
narrower: landfill gas
related: ammonia
related: sulphur dioxide
related: nitrogen oxides
source: DEE

gaseous state
type: Concept
definition: State of matter in which the matter concerned occupies the whole of its container irrespective of its quantity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egoera gaseoso
broader: state of matter
narrower: gas mixture
narrower: gas
related match: Gas
source: DICCHE

treatment of gases
type: Concept
definition: Gas is treated before it can be supplied to the marketplace. The extent to which gas needs to be processed will depend on its quality, the amount of associated impurities such as water, carbon dioxide and sulphur compounds, and the ultimate end-use for the gas. Common gaseous impurities found in natural gas are carbon dioxide and sulphur compounds. Both have an acidic reaction and are given the generic name 'acid gases'. These gases can be removed by a number of commercial processes, using either a physical or a chemical solvent. Physical solvent processes tend to be used where gas pressures are high and for gases with lower levels of propane and heavier hydrocarbons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rening av gaser @sv
broader: physical treatment
narrower: gasification
narrower: vapour recovery system
narrower: gas purification
narrower: gas liquefaction
source: SHELL

gasification
type: Concept
definition: 1) Any chemical or heat process used to convert a substance to a gas. 2) The production of gaseous fuels by reacting hot carbonaceous materials with air, steam or oxygen. The process takes place at high temperature. The gasification product is a mixture of combustible gases and tar compounds, together with particles and water vapour. Depending on the gasification method, the proportion of components varies, but common to all the processes is that the gas has to be purified before it can be used directly in a gas engine or a gas turbine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: förgasning @sv
broader: treatment of gases
narrower: coal gasification
related: coal refining
source: MGH
source: PORT

gas liquefaction
type: Concept
definition: Conversion of a gas to the liquid phase by cooling or compression.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: treatment of gases
related match: Liquefaction of gases
source: MGH

gas mixture
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: gaseous state

gas network
type: Concept
definition: Interconnected system of pipes for the distribution and supply of gas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: infrastructure
narrower: gas pipeline
narrower: gas reservoir
related: gas supply
source: PHC

gasohol
type: Concept
definition: A mixture of 80% or 90% petrol with 20% or 10% ethyl alcohol, for use as a fuel in internal combustion engines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: karburol
broader: motor fuel
related match: Common ethanol fuel mixtures
source: CED

gasoline engine
type: Concept
definition: An internal combustion engine that uses a mixture of air and gasoline vapour as a fuel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ezantza-motor
broader: four stroke engine
related match: Petrol engine
source: MGH

gas pipeline
type: Concept
definition: A long pipe, especially underground, used to transport gas over long distances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: gas network
source: CED

gas powered plant
type: Concept
definition: Power station which burns gas, as opposed to a coal-fired station or nuclear power station.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electric power plant
source: GILP96

gas purification
type: Concept
definition: Removal of pollutants or contaminants from waste incineration or other combustion processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: treatment of gases
related: denitrification of waste gas
source: MGH

vapour recovery system
type: Concept
definition: Gas feedback device: while refuelling gasoline vapors are sucked off and led back again into the storage tank.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: återcirkulering av gaser @sv
broader: treatment of gases
source: WASCH

gas reservoir
type: Concept
definition: Large tank for storing coal gas or natural gas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συλλέκτης αερίου @el
alternative label: gas-andel
alternative label: gas-biltegi
broader: gas network
related: gas supply
related match: Petroleum reservoir
source: PHC

gas supply
type: Concept
definition: The provision and storage of any fuel gas, or the amount of any fuel gas stored, for the use of a municipality, or other fuel gas user.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kaasuvarasto @fi
broader: public service
narrower: methanisation
related: gas company
related: gas network
related: gaswork
related: gas reservoir
source: ISEP

accumulation in body tissues
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human exposure to pollutants

alveolus
type: Concept
definition: A tiny, thin-walled, capillary-rich sac in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. Also called air sac.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: (πνευμονική) κυψελίδα @el
alternative label: hammaskuoppa @fi
alternative label: mehiläiskenno @fi
alternative label: plućni mjehurić @hr
alternative label: tandhåla @sv
alternative label: bicell @sv
alternative label: cell @sv
alternative label: lungblåsa @sv
broader: respiratory system
related match: Pulmonary alveolus
source: AMHER

gastropod
type: Concept
definition: Any mollusc of the class Gastropoda, typically having a flattened muscular foot for locomotion and a head that bears stalked eyes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: snäckdjur @sv
broader: mollusc
related match: Gastropoda
source: CED

gaswork
type: Concept
definition: Place where gas, especially coal gas, is made.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gasa produzitzeko instalazio
broader: industrial plant (building)
related: gas supply
source: PHC

gender issue
type: Concept
definition: A point, matter or dispute concerning the capabilities, societal roles or other differences and divisions between women and men, especially the relative weight of biological and physical difference versus culture and socialization as a cause of those distinctions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: genero-arazo
alternative label: pitanje rodne jednakosti @hr
alternative label: problematika rodne jednakosti @hr
broader: emancipation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9347
related match: Gender
source: ISEP
source: RHW

gene bank
type: Concept
definition: Storehouses of seeds or vegetative tissue, kept in low humidity and temperature, to help maintain genetic diversity. Sometimes known as seed banks or germ plasm banks. their contents mostly originate from a wide range of primitive strains and wild crop varieties. The International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR), which was established in 1974, promotes the collection, documentation, evaluation, conservation and eventual use of genetic resources of significant plant species. Gene banks are the subject of international controversy because they contain seeds that have mostly been acquired from the developing countries by the industrially rich countries, where they have been used in breeding programmes to develop new strains. Instead of taking decades over a traditional plant breeding programme by fertilization, it is now possible to manipulate directly the genes of plants, creating genetically modified organisms (GMOs), which are plants modified to give a higher resistance to disease and improved growth and yields and, therefore, increase the profit of the plant breeder and farmer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: genetic engineering
source: WRIGHT

general administrative order
type: Concept
definition: An administrative mandate outlining the process by which a concept, plan, decree or law is to be put into actual practice by a specific organization or government agency.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: order
source: DAM

general chemistry
type: Concept
definition: The study of the elements and the compounds they form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemistry
source: DICCHE

gene
type: Concept
definition: A unit of heredity composed of DNA occupying a fixed position on a chromosome. A gene may determine a characteristic of an individual by specifying a polypeptide chain that forms a protein or part of a protein (structural gene); or repress such operation (repressor gene).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γόνος @el
broader: genetic information
related: mutation
related: genetic engineering
source: CED

genetic diversity
type: Concept
definition: The variation between individuals and between populations within a species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dibertsitate genetiko
broader: ecological parameter
narrower: genetic pool
related: biodiversity
source: WRIGHT

genetic effect
type: Concept
definition: Inheritable change, chiefly mutations produced by chemical substances, herbicides, radiations, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ondorio genetiko
broader: biological effect
related: genotoxicity
source: RRDA

genetic engineering
type: Concept
definition: 1) The complex of techniques for the production of new genes and the alteration of the structure of the chromosomes to produce effects beneficial to man, in agriculture and medicine. 2) The intentional production of new genes and alteration of genomes by the substitution or addition of new genetic material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biotechnology
narrower: reproductive manipulation
narrower: gene bank
narrower: cloning
narrower: genetic modification
narrower: recombinant DNA technology
related: gene
related: biosafety
related: selective breeding of animals
related: genetic engineering legislation
related: selective breeding of plants
source: MGH
source: ZINZAN

genetic engineering legislation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
related: genetic engineering

genetic information
type: Concept
definition: The information for protein synthesis contained in the nucleotide sequences of the DNA polynucleotide chain.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gene-informazio
broader: tissue
narrower: DNA
narrower: gene
narrower: germ plasm
related: reproduction (biological)
related match: Nucleic acid sequence
source: RRDA

amalgam
type: Concept
definition: A solution of a metal in mercury.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: alloy
broader: chemical
related: mercury
source: ALL

genetic modification
type: Concept
definition: Inheritable changes produced by ionizing radiation, exposure to certain chemicals, ingestion of some medication and from other causes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gene-manipulazio
broader: genetic engineering
related match: Genetic engineering
source: CONFER

genetic resource
type: Concept
definition: The gene pool in natural and cultivated stocks of organisms that are available for human exploitation. It is desirable to maintain as diverse a range of organisms as possible, particularly of domesticated cultivars and their ancestors, in order to maintain a wide genetic base. The wider the genetic base, the greater the capacity for adaptation to particular environmental conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological resource
related: genetic pool
source: ALL2

genetics
type: Concept
definition: The science that is concerned with the study of biological inheritance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: life science
narrower: plant genetics
narrower: animal genetics
source: MGH

genetic variation
type: Concept
definition: Change in one or more phenotypic characteristics, due to gene mutation or rearrangement, environmental effects, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gene-aldaketa
broader: ecological parameter
related: mutant
source: DELFIN

geodesy
type: Concept
definition: A subdivision of geophysics which includes determination of the size and shape of the earth, the earth's gravitational field, and the location of points fixed to the earth's crust in an earth-referred coordinate system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geography
source: MGH

geogenic factor
type: Concept
definition: Geogenic factors are those which originate in the soil, as opposed to those of anthropic origin (anthropogenic).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: abiotic factor
source: RRDA

geographic information system
type: Concept
definition: An organized collection of computer hardware, software, geographic data, and personnel designed to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and display all forms of geographically referenced information that can be drawn from different sources, both statistical and mapped.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: informazio geografikoko sistema
alternative label: GIS
broader: information system
narrower: image processing digital system
narrower: GIS digital system
related: geo-referenced data
source: GILP96
source: SFRC

geography
type: Concept
definition: The study of the natural features of the earth's surface, comprising topography, climate, soil, vegetation, etc. and man's response to them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: geografija @hr
broader: science
narrower: orography
narrower: biogeography
narrower: geomorphology
narrower: geodesy
narrower: hydrography
narrower: economic geography
narrower: cartography
narrower: physical geography
narrower: political geography
source: CED

geological disaster
type: Concept
definition: Disasters caused by movements and deformation of the earth's crust.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural disaster
related: volcanic eruption
source: ZINZAN

geological process
type: Concept
definition: Dynamic actions or events that occur at the Earth's surface due to application of natural forces resulting from gravity, temperature changes, freezing and thawing, chemical reactions, seismic shaking, and the agencies of wind and moving water, ice and snow. Where and when a force exceeds the strength of the earth material, the material is changed by deformation, translocation, or chemical reactions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: volcanism
narrower: rising (geological)
narrower: sedimentation (geology)
narrower: seismic activity
related: geomorphic process
source: DUNSTE

geology
type: Concept
definition: The study or science of the earth, its history, and its life as recorded in the rocks; includes the study of geologic features of an area, such as the geometry of rock formations, weathering and erosion, and sedimentation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: earth science
narrower: tectonics
narrower: geotechnics
narrower: hydrogeology
narrower: marine geology
narrower: mining geology
narrower: volcanology
source: MGH

geomorphic process
type: Concept
definition: The physical and chemical interactions between the Earth's surface and the natural forces acting upon it to produce landforms. The processes are determined by such natural environmental variables as geology, climate, vegetation and baselevel, to say nothing of human interference. The nature of the process and the rate at which it operates will be influenced by a change in any of these variables.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land
narrower: landslide
narrower: erosion
narrower: avalanche
related: geological process
source: WHIT

geomorphology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the classification, description, nature, origin, and development of present landforms and their relationships to underlying structures, and of the history of geologic changes as recorded by these surface features.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geography
source: BJGEO

geophysics
type: Concept
definition: The physics of the earth and its environment, that is, earth, air and space.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: earth science
source: MGH

geotechnology
type: Concept
definition: The application of scientific methods and engineering techniques to the exploitation and use of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: earth science
source: BJGEO

geothermal energy
type: Concept
definition: An energy produced by tapping the earth's internal heat. At present, the only available technologies to do this are those that extract heat from hydrothermal convection systems, where water or steam transfer the heat from the deeper part of the earth to the areas where the energy can be tapped. The amount of pollutants found in geothermal vary from area to area but may contain arsenic, boron, selenium, lead, cadmium, and fluorides. They also may contain hydrogen sulphide, mercury, ammonia, radon, carbon dioxide, and methane.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-conventional energy
source: KOREN

germ
type: Concept
definition: 1) A pathogenic micro-organism. 2) Living substance capable of developing into an organ, part, or organism as a whole; a primordium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μικρόβιο @el
alternative label: σπόρος @el
alternative label: φύτρο @el
alternative label: 2-hozi, germen
alternative label: mikrob @sv
broader: disease cause

germination
type: Concept
definition: The beginning or the process of development of a spore or seed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hozitze
alternative label: erneketa
alternative label: itäminen @fi
alternative label: nicanje @hr
broader: biological process
source: MGH

germ plasm
type: Concept
definition: The hereditary material transmitted to the offspring via the gametes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιδιόπλασμα @el
alternative label: βλαστικό πλάσμα @el
alternative label: germen-plasma
broader: genetic information
source: LBC

Americas
type: Concept
definition: The landmasses and islands of North America, South America, Mexico, and Central America included in the Western Hemisphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Βόρειος & Νότιος Αμερική @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
narrower: Central America
narrower: North America
narrower: Caribbean Area
narrower: South America
source: AMHER

glacier
type: Concept
definition: Slow moving masses of ice which have accumulated either on mountains or in polar regions. They are found where warm, moist air or warm water meets cold air or water. They move, influenced by the force of gravity and the pressure of the ice, above the underlying slush layers and slide downhill, eventually melting at lower levels to form rivers or reaching sea-level, where they form ice shelves or fall into the water as icebergs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial area
related: ice pack
related: high mountain
source: WRIGHT

glaciology
type: Concept
definition: 1) The study of all aspects of snow and ice; the science that treats quantitatively the whole range of processes associated with all forms of solid existing water. 2) The study of existing glaciers and ice sheets, and of their physical properties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: earth science
source: BJGEO

glass
type: Concept
definition: A hard, amorphous, inorganic, usually transparent, brittle substance made by fusing silicates, sometimes borates and phosphates, with certain basic oxides and then rapidly cooling to prevent crystallization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υαλοπίνακας @el
alternative label: γυαλί @el
alternative label: κρύσταλλο @el
alternative label: ποτήρι @el
alternative label: berina
broader: miscellaneous product
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9082
source: MGH

glass industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the production of glassware.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industrija stakla @hr
broader: industry
source: CED

global aspect
type: Concept
definition: Aspects concerning the whole world considered as being closely connected by modern telecommunications and as being interdependent economically, socially and politically.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πλανητική προοπτική @el
broader: environmental criterion
related: global model
source: CED

global convention
type: Concept
definition: A worldwide assembly of national, political party or organizational delegates, or the pact or the agreement that arises from such an assembly that forms, often, the preliminary to an international treaty.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παγκόσμιο συνέδριο @el
broader: international convention
source: BLD

Global Environment Facility
type: Concept
definition: An international organization established in 1990 to provide practical assistance to governments in achieving environmental improvements. The GEF is managed by the World Bank, which contributes 2/3 of its funds, the remaining 1/3 being controlled by the United Nations Development Programme.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental economy issue

global model
type: Concept
definition: Models concerning different aspects of reality which can be applied at global level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: model
related: global aspect
source: RRDA

global warming
type: Concept
definition: Changes in the surface-air temperature, referred to as the global temperature, brought about by the greenhouse effect which is induced by emission of greenhouse gases into the air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σταδιακή αύξηση @el
alternative label: Lurraren berotze
broader: climatic effect
narrower: greenhouse effect
narrower: ozone layer depletion
narrower: sea level rise
source: WRIGHT

glossary
type: Concept
definition: An alphabetical list of terms concerned with a particular subject, field or area of usage that includes accompanying definitions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rječnik @hr
broader: document type
source: CED
source: RHW

glue
type: Concept
definition: A crude, impure, amber-colored form of commercial gelatin of unknown detailed composition produced by the hydrolysis of animal collagen; gelatinizes in aqueous solutions and dries to form a strong, adhesive layer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kola
broader: chemical product
related: adhesive
related match: Adhesive
source: MGH

goal of individual economic business
type: Concept
definition: The aim, purpose, objective, or end for a profit-seeking enterprise engaged in commerce, manufacturing, or a service.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic policy
narrower: macroeconomic goal
source: RHW

Ames test
type: Concept
definition: A bioassay developed by Bruce N. Ames in 1974, performed on bacteria to assess the capability of environmental chemicals to cause mutations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: test
related: mutagenicity testing
source: BIOTGL
source: KOREN

golf
type: Concept
definition: A game played on a large open course, the object of which is to hit a ball using clubs, with as few strokes as possible, into each of usually 18 holes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sport

good management
type: Concept
definition: The competent, skillful and successful process of planning, leading and working toward the accomplishment or completion of goals, objectives and mission of an organization or institution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dobro upravljanje @hr
broader: public function
source: DAM

government advisory body
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: government (cabinet)

government building
type: Concept
definition: Building for the offices of the main departments of government.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-residential building
source: HARRIS

government (cabinet)
type: Concept
definition: A body of top government officials appointed to advise the President or the chief executive officer of a country, usually consisting of the heads of government departments or agencies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: institutional structure
narrower: environmental administration institution
narrower: government advisory body
narrower: form of government
narrower: public institution
source: OED

government environmental expenditure
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-gastu publiko
alternative label: proračunski izdaci za okoliš @hr
broader: expenditure

government liability
type: Concept
definition: A public body's debt or other legal obligation arising out of transactions in the past which must be liquidated, renewed or refunded at some future date.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κυβερνητική ευθύνη @el
alternative label: obveza države @hr
alternative label: obveza vlade @hr
broader: public function
source: EFP

government policy
type: Concept
definition: Any course of action adopted and pursued by a ruling political authority or system, which determines the affairs for a nation, state or region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πολιτική της κυβέρνησης @el
broader: policy
narrower: local government policy
related match: Public policy
source: RHW

amine
type: Concept
definition: One of a class of organic compounds which can be considered to be derived from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogens by organic radicals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organonitrogen compound
narrower: nitrosamine
source: MGH

grain
type: Concept
definition: Edible, starchy seeds of the grass family (Graminae) usable as food by man and his livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κόκκος @el
alternative label: labore
alternative label: rae @fi
alternative label: vilja @fi
alternative label: zrnje @hr
alternative label: spannmål @sv
alternative label: sädeskorn @sv
broader: foodstuff
related match: Cereal
source: MGH

grass
type: Concept
definition: A very large and widespread family of Monocotyledoneae, with more than 10.000 species, most of which are herbaceous, but a few are woody. The stems are jointed, the long, narrow leaves originating at the nodes. The flowers are inconspicuous, with a much reduced perianth, and are wind-pollinated or cleistogamous. The fruit in single-seeded, usually a caryopsis. Grasses are the most important of all plants for food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: flowering plant
source: ALL

amino acid
type: Concept
definition: Organic compounds containing a carboxyl group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH2). About 30 amino acids are known. They are fundamental constituents of living matter because protein molecules are made up of many amino acid molecules combined together. Amino acids are synthesized by green plants and some bacteria, but some (arginine, histidine, lysine. threonine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, tryptophane) cannot be synthesized by animals and therefore are essential constituents of their diet. Proteins from specific plants may lack certain amino acids, so a vegetarian diet must include a wide range of plant products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
broader: organonitrogen compound
source: ALL

grass fire
type: Concept
definition: A conflagration in or destroying large areas of any vegetation in the Gramineae family as found in fields, meadows, savannas or other grasslands.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: belazeetako sute
broader: fire
related match: Wildfire
source: ALL
source: ISEP

grasshopper
type: Concept
definition: A plant-eating insect with long back legs that can jump very high and makes a sharp high noise using its back legs or wings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: orthopteran
narrower: desert locust
source: CAMB

grassland
type: Concept
definition: Grassland cover nearly one-fifth of the Earth's land surface. They include savannah, the prairies of North America, and the steppes of Russia and Central Asia. Grassland ecosystems support thousands of different species, above and below the ground, and have a vital part to play maintaining the ecological balance of the world.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λειμώνας @el
alternative label: λιβάδι @el
alternative label: βοσκότοπος @el
alternative label: grässlätt @sv
broader: terrestrial area
narrower: meadow
source: WRIGHT

grassland ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of the biological communities located in biomes characterized by the dominance of indigenous grasses, grasslike plants and forbs, and their non-living environmental surroundings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekološki sustav travnjaka @hr
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: DOE
source: TOE

gravel
type: Concept
definition: A mixture of rock fragments and pebbles that is coarser than sand.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χαλίκι @el
alternative label: ψαμμίαση @el
alternative label: αμμοχάλικο @el
alternative label: muger
broader: rock
related: building material
source: CED

gravel extraction
type: Concept
definition: Obtaining a mixture of coarse sand and small water- worn or pounded stones, (used for paths and roads and as an aggregate) from the earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: muger-erauzketa
broader: mining
related match: Gravel pit
source: GILP96

gravel pit
type: Concept
definition: A place where gravel is dug out of the ground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: muger-hobi
broader: mining district
source: CAMB

grazing
type: Concept
definition: The vegetation on pastures that is available for livestock to feed upon.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βοσκότοπος @el
alternative label: βόσκηση @el
alternative label: alha
alternative label: larre
alternative label: laidunmaa @fi
alternative label: betesmark @sv
alternative label: bete @sv
alternative label: betning @sv
broader: rural area
source: CED

ammonia
type: Concept
notation: NH3
definition: A colorless gaseous alkaline compound that is very soluble in water, has a characteristic pungent odour, is lighter than air, and is formed as a result of the decomposition of most nitrogenous organic material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
related: gaseous air pollutant
source: MGH

greenbelt
type: Concept
definition: 1) An area of land, not necessarily continuous, near to and sometimes surrounding a large built-up area. The area is kept open by permanent and severe restriction on building. 2) An irrigated, landscaped, and regularly maintained fuelbreak, usually put to some additional use, such as a golf course, park, or playground. 3) A planning designation that mandates the setting aside of otherwise developable lands for the purpose of creating natural or semi-natural open spaces. Greenbelts are usually linear parkways, tracts, or belts of land running through or around urban conurbations. 4) An area or zone of open, semi-rural, low-density land surrounding existing major urban areas, but not necessarily continuous. The zone is to be kept open by permanent and severe restrictions on new development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban green
related match: Green belt
source: ALL
source: DUNSTE
source: GOOD

green building
type: Concept
definition: The self-contained dwelling where man simulates the ways of ecosystems, i.e. his wastes are converted to fuel by anaerobic digestion for methane production and the residues from the digestion are used for growing food. The food residues are composted and/or used for methane production. Solar energy is trapped by the greenhouse effect and used for house, crop and water heating. A windmill would be used for electricity. Thus, given sufficient space, sunshine, rainfall and wind, the ecohouse is in theory a self-contained system recycling its own wastes and using the sun as its energy input.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: building
source: PORT

green corridor
type: Concept
definition: Avenues along which wide-ranging animals can travel, plants can propagate, genetic interchange can occur, populations can move in response to environmental changes and natural disasters, and threatened species can be replenished from other areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δίοδος @el
alternative label: λωρίδα @el
alternative label: grönt område @sv
broader: protected area
related match: Wildlife corridor
source: WILDLA

environmental tax
type: Concept
definition: An amount of money demanded by a government to finance clean-up, prevention, reduction, enforcement or educational efforts intended to promote ecological integrity and the conservation of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φόρος για το περιβάλλον @el
alternative label: environmental taxes @en
alternative label: ekozerga
alternative label: miljöavgifter @sv
broader: environmental economy issue
narrower: incentive tax
narrower: exceptional tax
narrower: land tax
narrower: noise emission levy
narrower: carbon dioxide tax
narrower: waste disposal charge
narrower: waste charge
narrower: compensatory tax
narrower: arrangement for a deposit on packaging
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9128
related: economic instrument
related match: Ecotax
source: ODE
source: TOE

greenhouse cultivation
type: Concept
definition: Cultivation of plants, especially of out-of-season plants, in glass-enclosed, climate-controlled structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: berotegi-nekazaritza
broader: cultivation
source: MGH

greenhouse effect
type: Concept
definition: The warming of the Earth's atmosphere caused by the increasing concentration of atmospheric gases, such as water vapour and carbon dioxide. These gases absorb radiation emitted by the Earth, thus slowing down the loss of radiant energy from the Earth back to space.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: staklenički učinak @hr
broader: global warming
source: DUNSTE

greenhouse gas
type: Concept
notation: GHG
definition: A collective expression for those components of the atmosphere that influence the greenhouse effect, namely carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxides, ozone, CFCs and water vapour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: berotegi-gas
hidden label: greenhouse gases @en
broader: waste gas
related: carbon dioxide
source: GILP96

green manure
type: Concept
definition: Herbaceous plant material plowed into the soil while still green.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailu berde
broader: manure
source: MGH

green revolution
type: Concept
definition: The name given to the widespread development of high-yield strains of wheat, corn and rice during the 1960s and early 1970s. It was more formally known as the Indicative World Plan for Agricultural Development. The revolution came after the Food and Agricultural Organization held the World Food Congress in 1963. A "Freedom from Hunger" campaign was set up with the goal of increasing food supplies and solving the world's hunger problems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: man-nature relationship
source: WRIGHT

green space
type: Concept
definition: A plot of vegetated land separating or surrounding areas of intensive residential or industrial use and devoted to recreation or park uses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land setup
narrower: public park
narrower: urban green
narrower: garden
narrower: recreational area
related: recreation
related match: Greenspace
source: LANDY

green vegetable
type: Concept
definition: A vegetable having the edible parts rich in chlorophyll and forming an important source of vitamins and micronutrients.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vegetable
related match: Leaf vegetable
source: WEBSTE

grinding
type: Concept
definition: To reduce to powder or small fragments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λείανση @el
alternative label: πολτοποίηση @el
alternative label: τρόχισμα @el
alternative label: ισοπέδωση @el
alternative label: xehatze
alternative label: txikitze
alternative label: hiominen @fi
alternative label: drobljenje @hr
alternative label: polering @sv
alternative label: slipning @sv
broader: industrial process
related match: Grind (disambiguation)
source: LEE

gross national product
type: Concept
definition: Gross domestic product adjusted for foreign transactions, i.e. to the figure for Gross Domestic Product must be added any income accruing to residents of the country arising from investment and other factor earnings abroad and from it must be deducted any income earned in the domestic market by factors owned by foreigners abroad.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bruttonationalprodukt @sv
broader: national accounting
source: GOOD

ammonification
type: Concept
definition: Addition of ammonia or ammonia compounds, especially to the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: amonizazio
broader: chemical reaction
source: MGH

groundwater
type: Concept
definition: Water that occupies pores and crevices in rock and soil, below the surface and above a layer of impermeable material. It is free to move gravitationally, either downwards towards the impermeable layer or by following a gradient.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: podzemna voda @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9232
source: ALL

groundwater extraction
type: Concept
definition: The process, deliberate or inadvertent, of extracting ground water from a source at a rate so in excess of the replenishment that the ground water level declines persistently, threatening exhaustion of the supply or at least a decline of pumping levels to uneconomic depths.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurpeko uren ateratze
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9169
source: BJGEO

groundwater pollution
type: Concept
definition: Contamination of any water found under the earth's surface by any leaching pollutants, such as inorganic compounds (chlorides, nitrates, heavy metals, etc.), synthetic organic chemicals (pesticides, fertilizers, etc.) and pathogens (bacteria, parasites, etc.).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurpeko uren poluzio
broader: freshwater pollution

groundwater protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, procedures or installations undertaken to prevent or reduce harm to the environmental integrity of fresh water found beneath the earth's surface, usually in aquifers, which supply wells and springs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9206
source: RHW
source: TOE

group behaviour
type: Concept
definition: An observable pattern of activity displayed by persons in and as an aggregate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: talde-jokabide
broader: social behaviour
narrower: NIMBY aptitude
narrower: change in value
narrower: man-nature relationship
narrower: social-minded behaviour
narrower: disposal of the dead
related: social group
source: RHW

ammonium
type: Concept
notation: NH4
definition: The radical NH4+.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
source: MGH

accumulator
type: Concept
definition: A rechargeable device for storing electrical energy in the form of chemical energy, consisting of one or more separate secondary cells.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποταμιευτής @el
alternative label: baterija @hr
broader: electrical storage device
related: energy source
source: CED

gulf
type: Concept
definition: An inlet of the sea of large areal proportions, more indented than a bay and generally more enclosed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: suuri malmikerros @fi
alternative label: bukt @sv
alternative label: vik @sv
broader: coast
narrower: creek
narrower: bay
source: WHIT

gymnosperm
type: Concept
definition: Any seed-bearing plant of the division Gymnospermae, in which the ovules are borne naked on the surface of the mega sporophylls, which are often arranged in cones.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: phanerogam
narrower: conifer
source: CED

gypsum
type: Concept
definition: A colourless or white mineral used in the building industry and in the manufacture of cement, rubber, paper and plaster of Paris.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kalsiumsulfaattidihydraatti @fi
broader: building material
source: CED

habitat
type: Concept
definition: 1) The locality in which a plant or animal naturally grows or lives. It can be either the geographical area over which it extends, or the particular station in which a specimen is found. 2) A physical portion of the environment that is inhabited by an organism or population of organisms. A habitat is characterized by a relative uniformity of the physical environment and fairly close interaction of all the biological species involved. In terms of region, a habitat may comprise a desert, a tropical forest, a prairie field, the Arctic Tundra or the Arctic Ocean.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ενδιαίτημα @el
alternative label: livsmiljö @sv
broader: synecology
narrower: animal habitat
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9315
source: GILP
source: WRIGHT

haematology
type: Concept
definition: The branch of medical science concerned with diseases of the blood.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
related match: Hematology
source: CED

hail
type: Concept
definition: Precipitation in the form of balls or irregular lumps of ice, always produced by convective clouds, nearly always cumulonimbus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: babazuza
alternative label: kazkabar
broader: meteorological phenomenon
source: MGH

half-life
type: Concept
definition: The time required for one-half the atoms of a given amount of radioactive material to undergo radioactive decay.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ημιζωή @el
alternative label: ημίσεια ζωή @el
broader: physical property
broader: parameter
source: KOREN

haloform
type: Concept
definition: A haloalkane, containing three halogen atoms, e.g. iodoform, CHI3; a haloform reaction is a reaction to produce haloforms from a ketone. For example, if propanone is treated with bleaching powder, the chlorinated ketone so formed reacts to form chloroform.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
related match: Trihalomethane
source: UVAROV

halogenated biphenyl
type: Concept
definition: Halogen derivatives of biphenyl.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: halogenated hydrocarbon
narrower: polybrominated biphenyl
narrower: polychlorinated biphenyl
source: MGH

halogenated hydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: One of a group of halogen derivatives of organic hydrogen and carbon containing compounds; the group includes monohalogen compounds (alkyl or aryl halides) and polyhalogen compounds that contain the same or different halogen atoms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: halon @sv
broader: organohalogen compound
narrower: halogenated biphenyl
narrower: halogenated terphenyl
narrower: chlorofluorocarbon
narrower: organochlorine compound
related: halogenated pollutant
related match: Haloalkane
source: MGH

halogenated phenol
type: Concept
definition: Halogen derivatives of phenol.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: phenol
narrower: chlorophenol
source: MGH

halogenated pollutant
type: Concept
definition: An organic compound bonded with one of the five halogen elements (astatine, bromine, chlorine, fluorine, and iodine). Several of these compounds contribute to reductions in the concentration of ozone in the stratosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile halogenatu
broader: organic pollutant
related: organohalogen compound
related: dioxin
related: halogenated hydrocarbon
source: ERG
source: OER

halogenated terphenyl
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: halogenated hydrocarbon
narrower: polychlorinated terphenyl

handicraft business
type: Concept
definition: The profession, commercial firm or trade involving the production and distribution of articles that are made through the skilled use of one's hands.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: artisaugintza-enpresa
alternative label: obrt @hr
broader: handicraft
source: RHW

handicraft
type: Concept
definition: A particular skill performed with the hands.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: artisautza
alternative label: eskulan
alternative label: rukotvorina @hr
broader: craft
narrower: handicraft business
source: CED

harbour
type: Concept
definition: Area of water next to the coast, often surrounded by thick walls, where ships and boats can be sheltered.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kai
alternative label: pristanište @hr
broader: traffic infrastructure
narrower: marina
related: traffic on water
related match: Harbor
source: CAMB

hardness
type: Concept
definition: Resistance of a solid to indentation, scratching, abrasion or cutting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
source: MGH

hard-to-dispose-of waste
type: Concept
definition: Discarded material, often hazardous or in large volume, for which there is no obvious disposal route.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin ezabatzen zail
broader: type of waste
source: DHW

waste water pollution
type: Concept
definition: The impairment of the quality of some medium due to the introduction of spent or used water from a community or industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin-urengatiko kutsadura
alternative label: förorenande spillvatten @sv
broader: pollution type
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9135
source: WWC

harmonisation of law
type: Concept
definition: The process by which two or more states, sometimes under the auspices of an interstate or international organization, change their legislation relevant to some area of common concern to conform their statutes and to facilitate compliance and enforcement across borders.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: harmonizacija zakonodavstva @hr
broader: legislative procedure
source: GT2

harvest
type: Concept
definition: The amount or measure of the crop gathered in a season.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zber úrody @sk
broader: agricultural production
source: AMHER

hazard
type: Concept
definition: A physical or chemical agent capable of causing harm to persons, property, animals, plants or other natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: nuclear hazard
narrower: natural hazard
narrower: technological hazard
narrower: environmental hazard
narrower: navigational hazard
narrower: hazard of pollutants
related: risk
related: hazard area
related: health hazard
source: FFD
source: HMD

hazard of pollutants
type: Concept
definition: Risk or danger to human health, property or the environment posed by the introduction of a harmful substances into the ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaile-arrisku
broader: hazard
narrower: pollutant exposure
related: pollutant assessment
source: RHW
source: TOE

hazardous substance
type: Concept
definition: Any material that poses a threat to human health and/or the environment. Typical hazardous substances are toxic, corrosive, ignitable, explosive, or chemically reactive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gai arriskutsu
broader: properties of materials
narrower: flammable product
narrower: environmentally dangerous substance
narrower: hazardous working material
related match: Dangerous goods
source: LEE

hazardous substances legislation
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the production, use or clean-up of materials that pose a threat to human health and the environment, particularly materials that are toxic, corrosive, ignitable, explosive or chemically reactive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gai arriskutsuei buruzko legeria
broader: industrial legislation
source: BLD
source: TOE

hazardous waste dump
type: Concept
definition: Disposal facilities where hazardous waste is placed in or on land. Properly designed and operated landfills are lined to prevent leakage and contain systems to collect potentially contaminated surface water run-off.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin berezien hondakindegi
broader: landfill
related: hazardous waste
source: PARCOR
source: WPR

hazardous waste
type: Concept
definition: Any waste or combination of wastes with the potential to damage human health, living organisms or the environment. Hazardous wastes usually require special handling and disposal procedures which are regulated by national and international laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin berezi
alternative label: kemiskt riskavfall @sv
broader: type of waste
related: hazardous waste dump
related: special waste
source: DEE
source: HMD
source: HMH

hazardous working material
type: Concept
definition: A poison, corrosive agent, flammable substance, explosive, radioactive chemical, or any other material which can endanger human health or well-being if handled improperly.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: opasni radni materijal @hr
broader: hazardous substance
source: MGH

haze
type: Concept
definition: Reduced visibility in the air as a result of condensed water vapour, dust, etc., in the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θόλωμα @el
alternative label: tjock luft @sv
alternative label: dimma @sv
broader: meteorological phenomenon
source: CED

headland (farm)
type: Concept
definition: A strip of land left at the end of a furrow in a field in order to facilitate the turning of the plough.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vändteg @sv
broader: rural area
source: WHIT

health
type: Concept
definition: A state of dynamic equilibrium between an organism and its environment in which all functions of mind and body are normal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: environmental health
narrower: public health
narrower: health care
narrower: physical conditions
narrower: immunity
narrower: animal health
narrower: human health
source: MGH

health care
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health
narrower: drawing
narrower: prognostic data
narrower: therapy
narrower: plant health care
narrower: health protection
narrower: artificial reproductive technique
narrower: occupational health
narrower: clinical symptom
related: drug (medicine)
related: health service

health-environment relationship
type: Concept
definition: Relationship between the quality of the environment and the health conditions of individuals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: pathologic effect
narrower: effect on health
narrower: disease cause
narrower: health hazard
related: permissible exposure limit
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/91
related: maximum immission concentration
related: maximum admissible concentration
related: NOEL
source: DIZAMB

amphibian
type: Concept
definition: A class of vertebrate animals characterized by a moist, glandular skin, gills at some stage of development, and no amnion during the embryonic stage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vertebrate
narrower: salamander
narrower: frog
narrower: toad
source: MGH

health facility
type: Concept
definition: A facility or location where medical, dental, surgical, or nursing attention or treatment is provided to humans or animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: infrastructure
narrower: hospital
related: human health
related match: Medical facility
source: KOREN

health hazard
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health-environment relationship
narrower: environmental health hazard
narrower: mutagenicity
narrower: toxicity
narrower: teratogenicity
narrower: cancer risk
narrower: carcinogenicity
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/91
related: accident
related: noise immission
related: maximum immission concentration
related: maximum admissible concentration
related: hazard
related match: Health

health legislation
type: Concept
definition: Laws, ordinances, or codes prescribing sanitary, clean air, etc., standards and regulations, designed to promote and preserve the health of the community and working conditions of businesses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: noise legislation
narrower: radiation protection law
related: human health
related match: Health law
source: BLACK

health protection
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health care
narrower: environmental health protection
narrower: detoxification
narrower: preventive health measure
narrower: acoustic comfort
narrower: smoke prevention

health regulation
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules or orders prescribed by government or management to promote or protect the soundness of human bodies and minds in the workplace, at home or in the general environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regulation
related: human health
related match: Health inspector
source: BLD
source: RHW

amusement park
type: Concept
definition: An open-air entertainment area consisting of stalls, side shows etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tivoli @sv
broader: tourist facility
source: CED

health-related biotechnology
type: Concept
definition: Health-related biotechnologies are concerned with large-molecule protein pharmaceuticals, genetic engineering, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biotechnology
related: human health
source: BIOTAZ
source: DELFIN

health service
type: Concept
definition: The supply of health care to the public.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zdravstvene usluge @hr
broader: services
related: medicine (practice)
related: health care
related match: Health care
source: CED

hearing impairment
type: Concept
definition: A decrease in strength or any abnormality or partial or complete loss of hearing or of the function of ear, or hearing system, due directly or secondarily to pathology or injury; it may be either temporary or permanent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: injury
related: noise pollution

hearing procedure
type: Concept
definition: Any prescribed course or mode of action governing the preliminary examination by a magistrate of basic evidence and charges to determine whether criminal proceedings, a trial or other judicial actions are justified.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: entzute
alternative label: entzute prozedura
broader: legal procedure
source: RHW

hearing protection
type: Concept
definition: The total of measures and devices implemented to preserve persons from harm to the faculty of perceiving sound.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: čuvanje sluha @hr
broader: protection system
related: noise protection
related match: Hearing protectors
source: OED

hearing (sense)
type: Concept
definition: The general perceptual behaviour and the specific responses made in relation to sound stimuli.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal life
narrower: hearing acuity
related: hearing system
source: MGH

heat (physics)
type: Concept
definition: A form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature: it is equal to the total kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules of a system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
related: cold
source: CED

heat and power station
type: Concept
definition: Power station which produces both electricity and hot water for the local population. A CHP (Combined Heat and Power Station) plant may operate on almost any fuel, including refuse.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ΘΗΣ @el
alternative label: baterako sorkuntzako zentral
broader: industrial plant (building)
related: energy production
source: PHC

heater
type: Concept
definition: An apparatus that heats or provides heat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αερόθερμο @el
alternative label: θερμάστρα @el
alternative label: motståndsvärmare @sv
broader: thermal equipment
related: heating
source: AMHER

heathland
type: Concept
definition: An area with poor acid soil, typically dominated by ling (Calluna) or heaths (Erica).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pustopoljina @hr
broader: terrestrial area
related match: Heath (habitat)
source: ALL

heating
type: Concept
definition: A system for supplying heat, especially central heating, to a building.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: berotze
broader: physical treatment
related: heat supply
related: heat pump
related: heater
related: solar heating
related match: Heater
source: HARRIS

heating plant
type: Concept
definition: Plant for producing and supplying heat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial plant (building)
narrower: district heating plant
narrower: waste-fed heating and power plant
related: heat supply
related match: Heating system
source: CED

heat pump
type: Concept
definition: A device which transfers heat from a cooler reservoir to a hotter one, expending mechanical energy in the process, especially when the main purpose is to heat the hot reservoir rather than refrigerate the cold one.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: thermal equipment
related: heating
source: MGH

heat storage
type: Concept
definition: Keeping heat created during a period of low consumption until a peak period when it is needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: värmeackumulering @sv
broader: energy storage
related: thermal insulation
source: PHC

heat supply
type: Concept
definition: The provision of heating fuel, coal or other heating source materials, or the amount of heating capacity, for the use of a municipality, or other heat user.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public service
narrower: district heating
narrower: local heat supply
related: heating plant
related: heating
source: ISEP

anaerobic condition
type: Concept
definition: A mode of life carried on in the absence of molecular oxygen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egoera anaerobiko
broader: ecological parameter
related match: Anaerobic
source: MGH

heavy goods vehicle traffic
type: Concept
definition: Traffic of large motor vehicles designed to carry heavy loads.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: salgai-ibilgailu astunen zirkulazio
broader: freight transport
source: CED

heavy metal load
type: Concept
definition: The amount of stress put on an ecosystem by heavy metal pollution released into it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pollution load
source: ISEP

heavy metal
type: Concept
definition: A metal whose specific gravity is approximately 5.0 or higher.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metal
related: cobalt
related: nickel
related: copper
related: cadmium
related: chromium
related: mercury
related: lead
related: iron
related: tin (element)
source: MGH

hedge
type: Concept
definition: A line of closely planted bushes or shrubs, marking the boundaries of a field. The type of hedge varies between parts of the country, and its age can be dated from the number of species of tree and shrub present. Over the last thirty years hedge-row removal has had a marked visual effect on lowland agricultural landscapes. From the farmer's point of view, in areas of predominant arable or intensively managed grazing, there is little or no economic justification for retaining hedges.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pezoi
alternative label: remíza @sk
broader: urban green
source: GOOD

herbicide
type: Concept
definition: A chemical that controls or destroys undesirable plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: belar-pozoi
alternative label: belar-hiltzaile
alternative label: herbicid @sv
broader: biocide
related: atrazine
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9281
source: LANDY

herbivore
type: Concept
definition: An animal that feeds on grass and other plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: herbivor @hr
alternative label: gräsätare @sv
broader: trophic level
source: CED

heterocyclic compound
type: Concept
definition: Compound in which the ring structure is a combination of more than one kind of atom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: heterocyklisk sammansättning @sv
broader: organic substance
narrower: dioxin
narrower: triazine
source: MGH

anaerobic process
type: Concept
definition: A process from which air or oxygen not in chemical combination is excluded.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prozesu anaerobiko
broader: biochemical process
related match: Anaerobic respiration
source: MGH

higher education
type: Concept
definition: Study beyond secondary school at an institution that offers programs terminating in undergraduate and graduate degrees.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: universitetsundervisning @sv
broader: level of education
source: COE

highland ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting systems of the biological communities and their non-living surroundings in regions of relatively high elevation, typically characterized by decreased air pressure and temperature, reduced oxygen availability and increased isolation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: goi-lautadako ekosistema
alternative label: ekosustavi na velikim nadmorskim visinama @hr
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: APD
source: TOE

high mountain
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: όρος μεγάλου ύψους @el
broader: mountain
related: glacier

high protein food
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: proteina-eduki handiko elikagai
broader: nutrition
related: food

high-rise building
type: Concept
definition: Any tall, multistoried structure or edifice that is equipped with elevators.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eraikin garai
broader: building
related match: Tower block
source: RHW

high-speed railway
type: Concept
definition: The term "high-speed traffic" encompasses all trains running at speeds over 200 km/h but also trains running at 200 km/h if the terrain, population density or economic reasons do not justify higher speeds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: railway
related: high-speed train
related match: High-speed rail
source: EJRCF

high-speed train
type: Concept
definition: Trains travelling at maximum speeds of 300kmh on special high-speed rail lines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: AHT
broader: train
related: high-speed railway
related match: High-speed rail
source: RRDA

high tide water
type: Concept
definition: The level of water when the tide is at its highest level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gehienezko mareagora-maila
broader: tidal water
source: CED

high voltage line
type: Concept
definition: An electric line with a voltage on the order of thousands of volts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electric line
related: electrosmog
related match: Electric power transmission
source: MGH

highway
type: Concept
definition: A public road especially an important road that joins cities or towns together.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λεωφόρος @el
broader: road
source: CAMB

hill
type: Concept
definition: A natural elevation of the land surface, rising rather prominently above the surrounding land, usually of limited extent and having a well-defined outline, rounded rather than peaked or rugged, with no specific definition of absolute elevation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γήλοφος @el
alternative label: ύψωμα @el
alternative label: mendixka
alternative label: höjd @sv
alternative label: berg @sv
broader: mountainous area
source: BJGEO

analysis
type: Concept
definition: Examination or determination.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: azterketa
narrower: physicochemical analysis
narrower: chromatographic analysis
narrower: data analysis
narrower: pollutant analysis
narrower: environmental analysis
narrower: biological analysis
narrower: mathematical analysis
narrower: sensitivity analysis
narrower: ecosystem analysis
narrower: residue analysis
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9147
narrower: waste analysis
narrower: noise analysis
narrower: chemical analysis
narrower: statistical analysis
narrower: soil analysis
narrower: social analysis
related: danger analysis
related: risk analysis
related: safety analysis
related: assay
source: RRDA

historical evolution
type: Concept
definition: The process by which small but cumulative changes in the learned, nonrandom, systematic behavior and knowledge of a people occur from generation to generation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural heritage
source: ANT

historical monument
type: Concept
definition: Monument built in memory of an historical event.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
source: RRDA

historical research
type: Concept
definition: The study of events in relation to their development over time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: historia ikerketa
broader: research
source: GOOD

historical site
type: Concept
definition: Place where significant historical events occurred and which is important to an indigenous culture or a community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
related: historic centre
source: LANDY

analysis programme
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: azterketa-programa
broader: methodology

history
type: Concept
definition: A systematic written account comprising a chronological record of events (as affecting a city, state, nation, institution, science, or art) and usually including a philosophical explanation of the cause and origin of such events.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιστορικό @el
broader: human science
source: WEBSTE

holiday camp
type: Concept
definition: A place providing accommodation, recreational facilities, etc. for holiday-makers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καταυλισμός διακοπών @el
alternative label: kamp odmaralište @hr
broader: camp
source: CED

holiday
type: Concept
definition: 1) A period in which a break is taken from work or studies for rest, travel or recreation 2) A day on which work is suspended by law or custom, such as a religious festival, bank holiday, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διακοπές @el
alternative label: άδεια @el
alternative label: εορτή @el
alternative label: 2-jaiegun
alternative label: jai
alternative label: opor-garai
alternative label: odmor @hr
alternative label: praznici @hr
broader: leisure activity

analytical chemistry
type: Concept
definition: The branch of chemistry dealing with techniques which yield any type of information about chemical systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemistry
source: MGH

horse
type: Concept
definition: A large animal with four legs which people ride on or use for carrying things or pulling vehicles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άλογο @el
broader: equine
source: CAMB

horticulture
type: Concept
definition: The art and science of growing plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυτοκομία @el
alternative label: κηπευτική @el
alternative label: hortikultura @hr
alternative label: trägårdsnäring @sv
broader: farming technique
source: MGH

hospital
type: Concept
definition: A place where people who are ill or injured are treated and taken care of by doctors and nurses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health facility
source: CAMB

hospital waste
type: Concept
definition: Solid waste, both biological and non-biological, produced by hospitals and discarded and not intended for further use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sjukhusavfall @sv
broader: health-care activities waste
narrower: surgical waste
source: SHG

hotel industry
type: Concept
definition: The industry related with the provision of lodging and usually meals and other services for travelers and other paying guests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ostalaritza
alternative label: hotelska industrija @hr
broader: services providing company
related match: Hotel
source: AMHER

hot water
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ζεστό νερό @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9242
related match: Water heating

analytical equipment
type: Concept
definition: Equipment employed in analytical techniques.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: measuring instrument
narrower: impactor
related: analytical method
source: RRDA

household
type: Concept
definition: A group of persons sharing a home or living space, who aggregate and share their incomes, as evidenced by the fact that they regularly take meals together.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νοικοκυριό @el
alternative label: domaćinstvo @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9369
related: domestic pollution
related: environmental impact of households
related: domestic appliance
related: domestic waste
source: SOCIOL

household chemical
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
related match: Household chemicals

household goods
type: Concept
definition: Goods needed for living in a household.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: miscellaneous product

analytical method
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: analisi-metodo
alternative label: analysmetod @sv
broader: method
related: analytical equipment
related match: Analytical technique

housing
type: Concept
definition: 1) Dwelling-houses collectively and the provision of these. 2) Shelter, lodging.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στέγη @el
alternative label: 2-ostatu emate, ostatatze
alternative label: stambeni prostor @hr
broader: socioeconomic aspect of human settlements
narrower: temporary housing
narrower: housing improvement
narrower: rental housing
narrower: rehousing
related: urban habitat
related: rural habitat
related: residential area
related: estate rental
related: housing legislation
related: human habitat
related: residential building

housing density
type: Concept
definition: The number of dwelling units or the residential population of a given geographic area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: settlement concentration
source: MIB

housing finance
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: financije domaćinstva @hr
broader: financing

housing improvement
type: Concept
definition: An addition, renovation or repair to a place of residence that increases its aesthetic, functional or financial value.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: förbättring av bostadsförhållanden @sv
broader: housing
source: RHW

housing legislation
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the buying, selling, leasing, construction or maintenance of dwelling places.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: lease
related: housing
source: BLD

housing need
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etxebizitza-premia
broader: need

housing programme
type: Concept
definition: A planned system of projects, services or activities intended to support individuals or families in need of shelter, including transitional or permanent housing and safe havens for low-income, elderly or homeless populations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban action program
source: HUD

housing quality standard
type: Concept
definition: A norm or measure applicable in legal cases and considered to reflect a relatively high grade or level of excellence in the construction, maintenance, operation, occupancy, use or appearance of dwelling units.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: quality standard
source: BLD

swans, geese and ducks
type: Concept
definition: A family of waterfowl, including ducks, gees, mergansers, pochards and swans, in the order Anseriformes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/912
related match: Anatidae
source: MGH

installation restoration
type: Concept
definition: The process of repairing or reconstructing an edifice in order to return it to its original condition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: instalazioen berriztapen
broader: environmental problem solving
narrower: building restoration
narrower: installation optimisation
narrower: power station derating
related: security of installations
related: restoration
source: ZINZAN

human biology
type: Concept
definition: The study of human life and character.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: ZINZAN

human disease
type: Concept
definition: An interruption, cessation or disorder of human bodily functions, systems or organs resulting from genetic or developmental errors, infection, nutritional deficiency, toxicity, illness or unfavorable environmental factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: giza eritasun
broader: disease
narrower: AIDS
narrower: cancer
narrower: cardiovascular disease
narrower: environmentally related disease
narrower: epidemic
narrower: infectious disease
narrower: injury
narrower: leukaemia
narrower: malformation
narrower: mental effect
narrower: nausea
narrower: necrosis
narrower: poisoning
narrower: psychosomatic effect
narrower: respiratory disease
narrower: sick building syndrome
narrower: stress
narrower: toxic effect
narrower: tumour
narrower: occupational disease
narrower: allergy
narrower: sleep disturbance
narrower: immunological disease
related match: Disease
source: SMD
source: ISEP

human ecology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the growth, distribution, and organization of human communities relative to their interrelationships with other humans and other species and with their environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
source: UNUN

human exposure to pollutants
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gizakia kutsatzaileen eraginpean j
broader: disease cause
narrower: accumulation in body tissues

human health
type: Concept
definition: The avoidance of disease and injury and the promotion of normalcy through efficient use of the environment, a properly functioning society, and an inner sense of well-being.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health
related: health legislation
related: health-related biotechnology
related: health facility
related: health regulation
related match: Health
source: KOREN

human-made disaster
type: Concept
definition: Violent, sudden and destructive change in the environment caused by man.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disaster
narrower: agricultural disaster
narrower: technological accident
narrower: nuclear explosion (accident)
narrower: oil disaster
related: anthropic activity
related match: Anthropogenic hazard
source: ISEP
source: RHW

human pathology
type: Concept
definition: Branch of medicine concerned with the cause, origin, and nature of disease, including the changes occurring as a result of disease.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pathology
source: CED

human physiology
type: Concept
definition: A branch of biological sciences that studies the functions of organs and tissues in human beings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physiology
source: OMD
source: WOR

human population
type: Concept
definition: Group of individuals having common characteristics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: stanovništvo @hr
broader: demography
narrower: composition of population
narrower: population structure
narrower: population density
narrower: rural population
narrower: family planning
narrower: population distribution
narrower: urban population
related match: World population
source: ZINZAN

anatomy
type: Concept
definition: The science concerned with the physical structure of animals and plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biosphere
narrower: lymphatic system
narrower: hearing system
narrower: respiratory system
narrower: immune system
narrower: tissue
narrower: cell (biology)
narrower: endocrine system
narrower: nervous system
narrower: muscular system
narrower: organ
narrower: human body
narrower: cardiovascular system
related: biology
source: CED

human rights
type: Concept
definition: The rights of individuals to liberty, justice, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: rights
narrower: rights of future generations
narrower: citizen rights
narrower: rights of the individual
source: CED

human settlement
type: Concept
definition: Cities, towns, villages, and other concentrations of human populations which inhabit a given segment or area of the environment. Human settlements are associated with numerous and complex environmental, pollution, and living condition problems for planning and management.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: built-up area
narrower: squatter settlement
narrower: transitional settlement
narrower: rural settlement
narrower: village
narrower: urban settlement
narrower: human habitat
narrower: urban development
related: community facility
related: non-residential building
related: human settlement management
related: environmental planning
related: residential building
source: UNUN

human settlement management
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: management
narrower: urban management
related: human settlement

humus
type: Concept
definition: The more or less decomposed organic matter in the soil. Besides being the source of most of the mineral salts needed by plants, humus improves the texture of the soil and holds water, so reducing the loss of nutrients by leaching.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χούμος @el
broader: soil layer
source: ALL

hunting
type: Concept
definition: The pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals, regarded as a sport.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: leisure activity
related: hunting reserve
related: hunting licence
related: controlled hunting zone
source: CED

hunting reserve
type: Concept
definition: Area of land where the pursuit and killing or capture of game and wild animals is permitted.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εκτροφείο θηραμάτων @el
broader: recreational area
related: controlled hunting zone
related: hunting
source: CED

hurricane
type: Concept
definition: A tropical cyclone of great intensity; any wind reaching a speed of more than 73 miles per hour (117 kilometers per hour) is said to have hurricane force.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: meteorological phenomenon
related match: Tropical cyclone
source: MGH

hybridisation
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of producing hybrids that is an animal or plant resulting from a cross between genetically unlike individuals. Hybrids between different species are usually sterile.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hibridizacija @hr
broader: reproduction (biological)
related: plant breeding
source: MGH

hydraulic construction
type: Concept
definition: Any structure built to route the flow of water, or to support the weight and pressure of a body of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υδραυλικό έργο @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9165
narrower: dyke
narrower: dam
narrower: aqueduct
narrower: underwater outlet
narrower: pipe
related: hydraulic engineering
source: ENC
source: LIV

hydraulic engineering
type: Concept
definition: A branch of civil engineering concerned with the design, erection, and construction of sewage disposal plants, waterworks, dams, water-operated power plants and such.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έργα υδραυλικού μηχανικού @el
alternative label: vattenbyggnadsteknik @sv
broader: engineering
related: dam
related: hydraulic construction
related: aqueduct
related: storage dam
related: catchment
source: MGH

hydraulics
type: Concept
definition: The branch of science and technology concerned with the mechanics of fluids, especially liquids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vattenbyggnad @sv
broader: physical science
source: MGH

hydrobiology
type: Concept
definition: Study of organisms living in water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: ZINZAN

hydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: A very large group of chemical compounds composed only of carbon and hydrogen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: alkane
narrower: polycyclic hydrocarbon
source: MGH

hydrochloric acid
type: Concept
notation: HCl
definition: A solution of hydrogen chloride gas in water; a poisonous, pungent liquid forming a constant-boiling mixture at 20% concentration in water; widely used as a reagent, in organic synthesis, in acidizing oil wells, ore reduction, food processing, and metal cleaning and pickling. Also known as muriatic acid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hidrogeno kloruro
alternative label: solna kiselina @hr
broader: acid
broader: inorganic substance
source: MGH

hydroculture
type: Concept
definition: Growing plants without soil but in sand or vermiculite or other granular material, using a liquid solution of nutrients to feed them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ureztatze-laborantza
alternative label: garazt
alternative label: garaztatze-nekazaritza
broader: farming technique
source: PHC

hydroelectric power plant
type: Concept
definition: Power station which operates with the free renewable source of energy provided by falling water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electric power plant
related: energy production
related match: Hydroelectricity
source: PORT

hydrogen
type: Concept
definition: A flammable colourless gas that is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. It occurs mainly in water and in most organic compounds and is used in the production of ammonia and other chemicals, in the hydrogenation of fats and oils, and in welding.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group I (alkaline)
narrower: tritium
source: CED

hydrogen sulphide
type: Concept
notation: H2S
definition: Flammable, poisonous gas with characteristic odour of rotten eggs, perceptible in air in a dilution of 0.002 mg/l. It is used as a reagent in chemical analysis; extremely hazardous; collapse, coma and death from respiratory failure may come within a few seconds after one or two inspirations; low concentrations produce irritation of conjunctiva and mucous membranes. Headache, dizziness, nausea, lassitude may appear after exposure.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: azido sulfhidriko
broader: sulphide
related match: Hydrogen sulfide
source: INDMER
source: MGH

hydrogeology
type: Concept
definition: The science dealing with the occurrence of surface and ground water, its utilization, and its functions in modifying the earth, primarily by erosion and deposition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geology
source: MGH

hydrography
type: Concept
definition: Science which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of the oceans, lakes, rivers, and their adjoining coastal areas, with particular reference to their control and utilization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: merenkartoitus @fi
alternative label: sjömätning @sv
broader: geography
source: MGH

angiosperm
type: Concept
definition: The class of seed plants that includes all the flowering plants, characterized by the possession of flowers. The ovules, which become seeds after fertilization, are enclosed in ovaries. The xylem contains true vessels. The angiospermae are divided into two subclasses: Monocotyledoneae and Dycotiledoneae.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: cvjetnjača (Angiospermae) @hr
broader: phanerogam
narrower: flowering plant
related match: Flowering plant
source: ALL

hydrologic disaster
type: Concept
definition: Violent, sudden and destructive change either in the quality of the earth's water or in the distribution or movement of water on land, below the surface or in the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural disaster
related: water damage
source: APD
source: ISEP

hydrologic balance
type: Concept
definition: An accounting of the inflow to, outflow from, and storage in a hydrologic unit such as a drainage basin, aquifer, soil zone, lake or reservoir; the relationship between evaporation, precipitation, runoff, and the change in water storage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υδρολογικό ισοζύγιο @el
alternative label: uraren oreka
broader: hydrologic cycle
narrower: discharge regime
narrower: sediment transport
narrower: runoff
narrower: infiltration
source: BJGEO

hydrologic cycle
type: Concept
definition: The movement of water between the oceans, ground surface and atmosphere by evaporation, precipitation and the activity of living organisms, as one of the mayor biogeochemical cycles. Each day water evaporates from the oceans and is carried in the air from the sea over the land, which receives it as precipitation, and finally returns from the land to the sea through rivers, thus completing the cycle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ziklo hidrologiko
broader: hydrosphere
narrower: hydrographic network
narrower: sea circulation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9172
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9262
narrower: flood
narrower: sea level
narrower: hydrologic balance
narrower: overturn (limnology)
narrower: ocean circulation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9190
narrower: low flow
related match: Water cycle
source: ALL

hydrology
type: Concept
definition: The science that treats the occurrence, circulation, distribution, and properties of the waters of the earth, and their reaction with the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9231
source: MGH

hydrolysis
type: Concept
definition: 1) Decomposition or alteration of a chemical substance by water. 2) In aqueous solutions of electrolytes, the reactions of cations with water to produce a weak base or of anions to produce a weak acid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical reaction
source: MGH

angling
type: Concept
definition: The art or sport of catching fish with a rod and line and a baited hook or other lure, such as a fly.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ψάρεμα με καλάμι @el
alternative label: kirol-arrantza
broader: fishing
source: CED

hydrometeorology
type: Concept
definition: That part of meteorology of direct concern to hydrologic problems, particularly to flood control, hydroelectric power, irrigation, and similar fields of engineering and water resource.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: meteorology
source: ZINZAN

water power
type: Concept
definition: Energy obtained from natural or artificial waterfalls, either directly by turning a water wheel or turbine, or indirectly by generating electricity in a dynamo driven by a turbine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: energija vode @hr
broader: conventional energy
narrower: hydroelectric energy
related match: Hydropower
source: MGH

hydrosphere
type: Concept
definition: The waters of the Earth, as distinguished from the rocks (lithosphere), living things (biosphere), and the air (atmosphere). Includes the waters of the ocean; rivers, lakes, and other bodies of surface water in liquid form on the continents; snow, ice, and glaciers; and liquid water, ice, and water vapour in both the unsaturated and saturated zones below the land surface. Included by some, but excluded by others, is water in the atmosphere , which includes water vapour, clouds, and all forms of precipitation while still in the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9161
narrower: sea
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9232
narrower: lake
narrower: water reservoir
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9151
narrower: hydrologic cycle
source: BJGEO

hygiene
type: Concept
definition: The science that deals with the principles and practices of good health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public health
narrower: cleanliness (hygiene)
narrower: food hygiene
source: MGH

hymenopteran
type: Concept
definition: Insects including bees, wasps, ants, and sawflies, having two pair of membranous wings and an ovipositor specialized for stinging, sawing or piercing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect
narrower: bee
related match: Hymenoptera
source: CED

ice
type: Concept
definition: The dense substance formed by the freezing of water to the solid state; it commonly occurs in the form of hexagonal crystals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παγωτό @el
alternative label: μεταμφεταμίνη @el
alternative label: horma
alternative label: jela
broader: freshwater
source: MGH

iceberg
type: Concept
definition: A large mass of detached land ice floating in the sea or stranded in shallow water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: santa leda @hr
alternative label: ledeni brijeg @hr
broader: ice pack
source: MGH

ice pack
type: Concept
definition: Large areas of floating ice, usually occurring in polar seas, consisting of separate pieces that have become massed together.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παγοκύστη @el
broader: landform
narrower: iceberg
related: glacier
source: CED

identification of pollutants
type: Concept
definition: The determination of the specific substance or substances that are causing pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaileen identifikazio
broader: pollutant monitoring
source: RHW

ideology
type: Concept
definition: A body of ideas that reflects the beliefs and interest of a nation, political system, etc. and underlies political action.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social behaviour
source: CED

image processing
type: Concept
definition: The process of converting 'raw' remotely sensed data into a usable form through the application of various transformations such as supervised and unsupervised classification schemes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: data processing
narrower: digital image processing technique
source: FORUMT

IMCO code
type: Concept
definition: Codes published by Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organisation (IMCO) relating to international shipping, particularly regarding safety and marine pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: CK! @en
broader: code
related match: International Maritime Organization
source: BRACK

bastardisation of fauna
type: Concept
definition: One of the possible consequences of the introduction of animal species in an area where they are not indigenous. Such translocation of species always involves an element of risk if not of serious danger. Newly arrived species may be highly competitive with or otherwise adversely affect native species and communities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fauna sasikotze
broader: introduction of animal species
source: RRDA
source: WPR

bastardisation of flora
type: Concept
definition: One of the possible consequences of the introduction of plant species in an area where they are not indigenous.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: flora sasikotze
broader: introduction of plant species
source: RRDA

immission
type: Concept
definition: The reception of material, such as pollutants, by the environment and from any source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εισροή ρύπων @el
alternative label: immissiovahinko @fi
broader: pollution
narrower: dust immission
narrower: pollutant immission
narrower: sound immission
related: immission forecast
related: immission control
source: ALL

immission control
type: Concept
definition: Legislative and administrative procedures aimed at reducing the damage caused by emissions. Pollution control programmes are normally based on human-oriented acceptable dose limits. A very important measure concerns the organisation of an emission inventory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mjere za smanjenje imisije @hr
broader: environmental control
related: immission
related: impact minimisation
source: GOOD

immission control law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislation on pollution

immission damage
type: Concept
definition: Damage caused by pollution from a distinct source of emission.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental damage
related: effect on health
source: GILP96

animal behaviour
type: Concept
definition: Behaviour of animals in their normal environment, including all the processes, both internal and external, by which they respond to changes in their environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: behaviour
narrower: nesting
source: ALL2

immission forecast
type: Concept
definition: The prediction of immissions is calculated on the basis of the pollutant load, the source height, the wind speed and the dispersion coefficient.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: forecast
related: immission
source: FLGISA

immission limit
type: Concept
definition: Maximum levels of selected pollutants which would lead to unacceptable air quality.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: airearen kalitate-arauak
broader: parameter
related: air quality control
source: PORT

immission load
type: Concept
definition: The total amount of immissions introduced in a given environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φόρτος προσληφθέντων ρύπων @el
broader: pollution load
source: RRDA

immune system
type: Concept
definition: A body system that helps an organism to resist disease, through the activities of specialised blood cells or antibodies produced by them in response to natural exposure or inoculation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sistema immunologiko
alternative label: imunosni sustav @hr
broader: anatomy
narrower: antibody
related: allergy
related: immunological disease
source: CED
source: KOREN

immunity
type: Concept
definition: The ability of an organism to resist disease or toxins by natural or artificial means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ασυλία (νομικά) @el
alternative label: koskemattomuus @fi
alternative label: imunost @hr
broader: health
source: KOREN

immunoassay
type: Concept
definition: Any of several methods for the quantitative determination of chemical substances such as hormones, drugs, and certain proteins that utilize the highly specific binding between an antigen and an antibody.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: immunologia-azterketa
alternative label: imunotest @hr
broader: assay
source: KOREN

immunological disease
type: Concept
definition: The disruption of the complex system of interacting cells, cell products and cell-forming tissues that protects the body from pathogens, destroys infected and malignant cells and removes cellular debris.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eritasun immunologiko
alternative label: bolest imunološkog sustava @hr
broader: human disease
related: immune system
source: SMD
source: RHW

immunology
type: Concept
definition: A branch of biological science concerned with the native or acquired resistance of higher animal forms and humans to infection with microorganisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
source: MGH

impact assessment
type: Concept
definition: Evaluation of the effect of a project upon the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eraginaren ebaluazio
alternative label: konsekvensbeskrivning @sv
broader: environmental assessment
narrower: environmental health impact assessment
narrower: environmental impact statement
narrower: environmental impact assessment
narrower: environmental impact study
related: effect on the environment
source: PHC

impact minimisation
type: Concept
definition: Actions, procedures or installations undertaken to reduce the extent or degree of negative effects on human health and the ecosystem introduced by human design or interaction with the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: impact reversal
narrower: minimisation of damage
related: immission control
source: OED

impactor
type: Concept
definition: Instrument which samples atmospheric suspensoids by impaction; such instruments consist of a housing which constrains the air flow past a sensitized sampling plate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κρούστης @el
broader: analytical equipment
source: MGH

impact prevention
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary measures, actions or installations implemented to avert negative effects on the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental quality objective
source: TOE

impact source
type: Concept
definition: Elements of an action which cause damage to the surrounding environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-inpaktuaren iturri
narrower: infestation of food
narrower: anthropic activity
narrower: infestation of crops
narrower: overgrazing
narrower: overexploitation
narrower: pest infestation
related: environmental impact
source: RRDA

implementation law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: commercial law

import
type: Concept
definition: The act of bringing goods and merchandise into a country from a foreign country.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: supply and demand
source: WESTS

import licence
type: Concept
definition: Permission from a government to bring within its borders and sell a product manufactured in a foreign country.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: inportazio-lizentzia
broader: permission
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9088
related match: Import license
source: BLD

animal disease
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ασθένεια των ζώων @el
alternative label: animalien eritasun
broader: disease
narrower: fish disease
related: animal husbandry
related: veterinary medicine
related: animal physiology

impoverishment
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εξαθλίωση @el
alternative label: ενδημική φτώχεια @el
alternative label: txirotze
broader: physical process

impregnating agent
type: Concept
definition: A material used to fill holes in wood, plaster, or other surfaces before applying a coating such as paint or varnish.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: agente inpregnatzaile
alternative label: sredstvo za impregniranje @hr
alternative label: impregneringsmedel @sv
broader: chemical product
source: MGH

impregnation (materials)
type: Concept
definition: The forcing of a liquid substance into the spaces of a porous solid in order to change its properties, as the impregnation of wood with creosote to preserve its integrity against water damage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: impregniranje @hr
broader: physicochemical treatment
source: MGH

improvement of efficiency
type: Concept
definition: The beneficial development or progress in the volume of output that is achieved in terms of productivity and input, or in getting the maximum possible output from given or allocated resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: management technique
source: ODE

sudden load
type: Concept
definition: Sudden immission in considerable amount of one or more pollutants in the atmosphere, in a water body or in the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pollution load
broader: physical process
source: RRDA

impulsive noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise characterized by transient short-duration disturbances distributed essentially uniformly over the useful passband of a transmission system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: impulsstörning @sv
broader: noise type
related match: Impulse noise
source: MGH

incineration
type: Concept
definition: Controlled process by which solid, liquid, or gaseous combustible wastes are burned and changed into gases; residue produced contains little or no combustible material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καύση @el
broader: physical treatment
narrower: co-incineration
related: large combustion plant
related: fume
related: fly ash
related: incinerator
source: LANDY

incineration of waste
type: Concept
definition: The controlled burning of solid, liquid, or gaseous combustible wastes to produce gases and solid residues containing little or no combustible material in order to reduce the bulk of the original waste materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste disposal
narrower: sludge incineration
related: co-incineration
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9087
related: waste-fed heating and power plant
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9090
related match: Incineration
source: ISEP

incinerator
type: Concept
definition: Device which burns waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial plant (building)
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9090
related: incineration
related match: Incineration
source: PHC

slope
type: Concept
definition: The inclined surface of any part of the Earth's surface, as a hillslope; also, a broad part of a continent descending toward an ocean, as the Pacific slope.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλιτύς @el
alternative label: mazela
alternative label: backe @sv
broader: landform
source: BJGEO

income
type: Concept
definition: The gain derived from capital, from labour or effort, or both combined, including profit or gain through sale or conversion of capital.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έσοδο @el
alternative label: intäkt @sv
broader: economy
narrower: saving
source: WESTS

incorporation
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εγγραφή @el
alternative label: συγχώνευση @el
alternative label: σύσταση εταιρείας @el
alternative label: gehitze
alternative label: yhtiöittäminen @fi
alternative label: upis u sudski registar @hr
alternative label: nedbrukning @sv
alternative label: iblandning @sv
alternative label: införlivande @sv
broader: industrial process
related: pollutant pathway
related: pollutant immission

animal dung as fuel
type: Concept
definition: Excrement from animals that may be dried and burned to generate energy or converted to liquid or gaseous fuels, such as methane, through chemical processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fuel
source: GET

indemnity
type: Concept
definition: Financial compensation, reimbursement or security for damages or loss offered by a government, insurance policy or contractual agreement under specified conditions and for specific casualties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εγγύηση αποζημίωσης @el
alternative label: obeštećenje @hr
alternative label: odšteta @hr
alternative label: ersättning @sv
alternative label: skadeersättning @sv
alternative label: skadestånd @sv
broader: policy instrument
source: BLD

Indian Ocean
type: Concept
definition: A body of water between the continents of Africa, Antarctica, Asia and Australia including the Bay of Bengal in the east and the Arabian Sea (with the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and the Persian Gulf) in the west, and containing several islands and island chains, such as the Andaman, Nicobar and Seychelles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
source: INP

indicator
type: Concept
definition: Something that provides an indication especially of trends.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mittari @fi
alternative label: ilmaisin @fi
alternative label: indikator @hr
broader: biological monitoring
narrower: environmental indicator
narrower: indicator of environmental management
narrower: cultural indicator
narrower: sustainable development indicator
narrower: pollution indicator
narrower: biological indicator
source: CED

acid deposition
type: Concept
definition: A type of pollution which washes out of the atmosphere as dilute sulphuric and nitric acids. It tends to be a regional rather than a global phenomenon, linked to particular industrial activities and meteorological conditions. It includes rain, more than normally acidic snow, mist, sleet, fog, gas and dry particles. It upsets the balance of nature, disrupting ecosystems, and destroys forests and woodlands, plants and crops; kills aquatic life by altering the chemical balance of lakes and rivers and corrodes building materials and fabrics. The pollutants are caused principally by discharges from power station chimneys of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released by burning fossil fuels, coal and oil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: όξινες κατακρημνίσεις @el
broader: deposition
related: acid rain
related: soil acidification
related match: Acid rain
source: WRIGHT

animal ecology
type: Concept
definition: A study of the relationships of animals to their environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
related match: Ecology
source: MGH

indicator of environmental management
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: indicator

indicator of environmental quality
type: Concept
definition: Qualitative or quantitative parameter used as a measure of an environmental condition, e.g. of air or water quality.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pokazatelj kakvoće okoliša @hr
broader: environmental indicator
source: DIZAMB

indigenous forest
type: Concept
definition: Forests which are native to a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baso autoktono
alternative label: oihan autoktono
alternative label: tokiko oihan
alternative label: zavičajna šuma @hr
broader: forest
source: LANDY

indigenous technology
type: Concept
definition: Technologies employed by the native inhabitants of a country and which constitute an important part of its cultural heritage and should therefore be protected against exploitation by industrialized countries; the problem of indigenous knowledge has been discussed during the Rio Conference but it does not receive much protection under the Biodiversity Convention. Article 8 mandates that parties "respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional life styles... and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of benefits arising from them".
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental technology
source: RRDA
source: WRES

indirect discharger
type: Concept
definition: A non-domestic source introducing pollutants into a publicly owned waste-treatment system. Indirect dischargers can be commercial or industrial facilities whose wastes enter local sewers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
source: EPAGLO

indoor air pollution
type: Concept
definition: Chemical, physical or biological contaminants in the air inside buildings and other enclosed spaces occupied by humans. This pollution can arise from tobacco smoke, pesticides, cleaning agents, gases released from building materials, rugs, household products, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: barne-airearen kutsadura
broader: air pollution
related match: Indoor air quality
source: EED
source: ISEP

animal experiment
type: Concept
definition: Investigation carried out in animals for research purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: animaliekin egindako esperimentu
alternative label: ispitivanje na životinjama @hr
broader: laboratory experiment
related: animal protection
related match: Animal testing
source: LEE

indoor environment
type: Concept
definition: Environment situated in the inside of a house or other building.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ενδοκτηριακό περιβάλλον @el
broader: land setup
related: building
related: sick building syndrome
related match: Building indoor environment
source: CED

industrial area
type: Concept
definition: Areas allocated for industry within a town-planning scheme or environmental plan. The range of industries accommodated in a plan may include: light industry, service industry, general industry, hazardous, noxious or offensive industry, waterfront industry, extractive industry. Standards are usually defined for industrial areas relating to access and roads, drainage, car parking, aesthetics, landscaping, buffer zones, noise levels, and air and water pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: built-up area
narrower: industrial wasteland
source: GILP96

industrial association
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βιομηχανικός σύνδεσμος @el
alternative label: elinkeinoyhdistys @fi
broader: association

industrial building
type: Concept
definition: A building directly used in manufacturing or technically productive enterprises. Industrial buildings are not generally or typically accessible to other than workers. Industrial buildings include buildings used directly in the production of power, the manufacture of products, the mining of raw materials, and the storage of textiles, petroleum products, wood and paper products, chemicals, plastics, and metals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υπόστεγο @el
alternative label: eraikin industrial
alternative label: industrijski objekt @hr
broader: industrial site
source: JJK

industrial crop
type: Concept
definition: Any crop that provides materials for industrial processes and products such as soybeans, cotton (lint and seed), flax, and tobacco.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-labore
broader: agricultural production
source: MGH

industrial development
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garapen industrial
alternative label: teollisuusrakennus @fi
broader: industrial planning
related match: Industry

industrial dumping
type: Concept
definition: The disposal of any waste generated by a manufacturing or processing process by the agency or body which produced it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurketa industrial
broader: dumping
related: industrial waste
source: ERG
source: RHW

industrial economics
type: Concept
definition: The production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services resulting from all manufacturing business.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οικονομικά της βιομηχανίας @el
alternative label: ekonomia industrial
broader: economy
related: economics
related match: Industrial organization
source: RHW

industrial effluent
type: Concept
definition: Materials generally discarded from industrial operations or derived from manufacturing processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: effluent
related: industrial waste water
source: LANDY

animal foodstuff
type: Concept
definition: Any crops or other food substances for animal consumption.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: abere-jana
alternative label: životinjska hrana @hr
broader: foodstuff
narrower: fodder
related: feeding of animals
source: MGH

industrial emission
type: Concept
definition: Gas-borne pollutants discharged into the atmosphere from smokestacks of industrial plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-isuri
broader: emission
related: exhaust gas
related: industrial noise
related: industrial pollution
source: LEE

industrial environmental policy
type: Concept
definition: The guiding procedure, philosophy or course of action for the protection of natural resources from pollution generated by manufacturing or business enterprises.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental policy
narrower: bubble policy (emissions trading)
narrower: netting policy (emissions trading)
narrower: offset policy (emissions trading)
related: industrial policy
source: RHW

industrial equipment
type: Concept
definition: Equipment related to industrial activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-ekipo
broader: equipment
narrower: pressure equipment
narrower: direct discharger
narrower: pump
narrower: small-scale inducer
narrower: indirect discharger
narrower: exhaust device
narrower: compressor
narrower: cooling tower
narrower: waste sorting unit
narrower: seal (technical)
narrower: shielding device
narrower: retarding basin
narrower: turbine
narrower: plant equipment
narrower: ion exchanger
narrower: shredder
related: industrial installation
source: RRDA

industrial fume
type: Concept
definition: Any smokelike or vaporous exhalation from matters or substances, especially of an odorous or harmful nature, which result from trading, commercial or manufacturing processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fume
source: ALL
source: RHW

industrial installation
type: Concept
definition: A device, system or piece of equipment installed for a particular industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-instalazio
broader: industrial site
narrower: major risk installation
narrower: dangerous installation
narrower: chemical installation
narrower: new installation
narrower: antiquated plant
narrower: nuclear facility
related: industrial equipment
source: CED

industrialisation
type: Concept
definition: The process whereby manufacturing industry comes to occupy the predominant position in a national or regional economy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial planning
source: GOOD

industrial legislation
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate working conditions or the acquisition, processing and disposal of materials by the aggregate of factories, companies and enterprises in one or more manufacturing or technically productive fields.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: lead-in-petrol law
narrower: hazardous substances legislation
source: RHW

industrial material
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: material industrial
broader: industrial product

animal genetics
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study of the hereditary material of animals for theoretical and practical applications such as increased population, conservation and disease research.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: genetics
source: EEN

industrial medicine
type: Concept
definition: The branch of medicine which deals with the relationship of humans to their occupations, for the purpose of the prevention of disease and injury and the promotion of optimal health, productivity, and social adjustment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: medikuntza industrial
broader: medicine (practice)
narrower: occupational medicine
related match: Occupational safety and health
source: MGH

industrial noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise produced by industrial plants activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βιομηχανικός θόρυβος @el
broader: environmental noise
related: industrial emission

industrial planning
type: Concept
definition: The process of making arrangements or preparations to facilitate the manufacturing, producing and processing of goods or merchandise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: plangintza industrial
broader: planning
narrower: industrialisation
narrower: industrial development
source: ODE
source: RHW

industrial plant (building)
type: Concept
definition: Buildings where the operations related to industrial productive processes are carried out.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-instalazio (eraikina)
broader: industrial site
narrower: storm water basin
narrower: chemical plant
narrower: gaswork
narrower: heat and power station
narrower: heating plant
narrower: incinerator
narrower: large combustion plant
narrower: purification plant
narrower: refinery
narrower: sedimentation basin
narrower: tank farm
narrower: desalination plant
narrower: power station
narrower: pilot plant
narrower: pickling plant
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9123
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9257
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9144
related: industrial safety
related match: Physical plant
source: ZINZAN

industrial policy
type: Concept
definition: Course of action adopted by national government to support and promote industrial activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πολιτική για τη βιομηχανία @el
alternative label: industria-politika
broader: policy
narrower: product identification
narrower: chemical policy
narrower: registration obligation
narrower: company policy
narrower: supervision of building works
narrower: obligation to inform
narrower: product evaluation
narrower: reporting process
narrower: registration proceeding
related: industrial environmental policy
source: GOOD

industrial pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution as a result of industrial processes and manufacturing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-poluzio
broader: pollution type
related: industrial emission
related match: Pollution
source: RRDA

industrial process
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prozesu industrial
narrower: engineering work
narrower: silting up
narrower: timber producing chain
narrower: physicochemical treatment
narrower: physical treatment
narrower: channelling
narrower: construction work
narrower: degreasing
narrower: design (project)
narrower: dyke reinforcement
narrower: excavation (process)
narrower: grinding
narrower: landfill degasification
narrower: separation
narrower: raising a site
narrower: refining
narrower: reuse of materials
narrower: sintering
narrower: tar use
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9236
narrower: building site preparation
narrower: biological treatment
narrower: processing
narrower: preparation for market
narrower: incorporation
narrower: photography
narrower: food preservation
narrower: oil production (chain)
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9227
narrower: drilling
narrower: dredging
narrower: chemical treatment
narrower: quartering
narrower: ventilation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9289
narrower: precision engineering
narrower: racking
narrower: sterilisation (process)
narrower: batch process
narrower: storage (process)
narrower: decantation
narrower: vitrification
narrower: soil stabilisation
narrower: retrofitting
narrower: soundproofing
narrower: solvent recovery
narrower: soil surface sealing
narrower: regeneration
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9356
narrower: pumping
narrower: maintenance (technical)
narrower: inertisation
narrower: landfill covering
narrower: flushing
narrower: cogeneration
narrower: encapsulation
narrower: conservation
narrower: surface treatment
narrower: traffic route construction
narrower: refrigeration
narrower: covering
narrower: containment (nuclear industry)
narrower: labelling
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9246
narrower: metal working
narrower: landfill base sealing
narrower: nutrient removal
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9157
narrower: propulsion technique
narrower: sieving
narrower: tar production
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9299

industrial production
type: Concept
definition: Any process of converting or transforming raw materials and other resources into goods or services which have value.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekoizpen industrial
broader: industrial environment (in general)
source: ODE

industrial production statistics
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekoizpen industrialaren estatistika
broader: statistics

industrial product
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktu industrial
broader: product
narrower: mining product
narrower: electronic material
narrower: industrial material
narrower: fireproofing agent
narrower: semimanufactured product
narrower: lubricant
narrower: lacquer
narrower: ceramics
narrower: textile
narrower: cable
narrower: furniture
narrower: paint
narrower: cleansing product
narrower: paper
narrower: filling material
narrower: rubber
narrower: explosive
narrower: surface-active agent
narrower: drug (medicine)
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9267
narrower: coating
narrower: tyre
narrower: cooling oil
narrower: alloy
narrower: metal product
narrower: genetically modified organism
narrower: plastic
narrower: clothing
narrower: synthetic material
narrower: spray can
narrower: fibre
related match: Industrial production

industrial property right
type: Concept
definition: A justifiable claim granted by government or some other authority that offers protection or excludes others from making, using or selling an invention, a unique design of an article of manufacture or some other creation or discovery.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria-jabetzaren eskubide
broader: administrative procedure
related match: Intellectual property
source: BLD

industrial site
type: Concept
definition: The location for the individual manufacturing firm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industrijska lokacija @hr
broader: building
narrower: industrial installation
narrower: monitoring station
narrower: paint room
narrower: mill
narrower: slaughterhouse
narrower: industrial building
narrower: industrial plant (building)
related: industry
source: GOOD

industrial sludge
type: Concept
definition: Sludge produced as a result of industrial production processes or manufacturing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lohi industrial
broader: sewage sludge

industrial society
type: Concept
definition: A large-scale community with diverse manufacturing sectors and an infrastructure and economy based on the science, technology and instrumental rationality of the modern West.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social behaviour
source: FUT
source: RHW

industrial waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste materials discarded from industrial operations, or derived from manufacturing processes; may be solid, sludge (wet solids) or liquid wastes and may or may not be considered hazardous.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
narrower: special industrial waste
related: industrial dumping
source: HMD
source: ISEP

industrial waste gas
type: Concept
definition: Waste gases resulting from manufacturing and other industrial processes which may be treated and released, treated and reused or released without treatment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste gas
source: ISEP

industrial waste water
type: Concept
definition: Waste water that results from industrial processes and manufacturing. It may either be disposed of separately or become part of the sanitary or combined sewage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industriako ur zikinak
alternative label: industrijska otpadna voda @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
related: industrial effluent

industrial zoning
type: Concept
definition: A system of land use planning that forms zones or boundaries to be used only by manufacturing or business enterprises.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υποδιαίρεση σε ζώνες @el
alternative label: gune industrialetan banatze
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9417
source: ISEP

industry
type: Concept
definition: An industry is a group of establishments engaged in the same or similar kinds of economic activities. Industries produce commodities that are sold with the expectation of recovering the total cost of production. A single industry can produce many different commodities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος @el
alternative label: επιχείρηση @el
narrower: building materials industry
narrower: reclamation industry
narrower: ceramics industry
narrower: communications industry
narrower: agriculture and cattle industry
narrower: electrotechnical industry
narrower: environmental industry
narrower: extractive industry
narrower: fishing industry
narrower: gas company
narrower: metal products industry
narrower: mineral industry
narrower: synthetic fibres industry
narrower: vehicle manufacturing industry
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9103
narrower: petroleum industry
narrower: leather industry
narrower: textile industry
narrower: manufacturing activity
narrower: mechanical industry
narrower: agroindustry
narrower: food industry
narrower: chemical industry
narrower: energy industry
narrower: rubber processing industry
narrower: vacuum industry
narrower: clothing industry
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9110
narrower: synthetic materials industry
narrower: glass industry
narrower: refrigeration industry
narrower: printing work
narrower: forest industry
narrower: metallurgical industry
narrower: information technology industry
narrower: electrical industry
narrower: packing industry
narrower: furniture industry
narrower: timber industry
narrower: building industry
narrower: paper industry
related: environmental impact of industry
related: technological accident
related: industrial site
related: firm
source: PGE

animal housing
type: Concept
definition: Any kind of shelter, refuge affording protection to animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στέγαση (σταβλισμός) των ζώων @el
alternative label: abeletxe
alternative label: stallbyggnader @sv
broader: community facility
source: CED

inertisation
type: Concept
definition: The process of waste inertisation includes solidification and stabilisation; stabilisation is the process used for reduction of hazard potential of the waste by converting the contaminants into their least soluble, least immobile, or least toxic form. Solidification physically binds or encapsulates the waste in a monolithic solid of high structural integrity. Thus solidification may be used for powders, liquids or gases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: inertizacija otpada @hr
alternative label: imobilizacija otpada @hr
broader: industrial process
source: ENVAR

inert waste
type: Concept
definition: Wastes that do not undergo any significant physical, chemical, or biological transformations when deposited in a landfill.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: neaktivan otpad @hr
alternative label: inertan otpad @hr
alternative label: inert avfall @sv
broader: type of waste

infant mortality
type: Concept
definition: The rate of deaths occurring in the first year of life for a given population.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mortality
source: MED

infection
type: Concept
definition: The entry and development or multiplication of an infectious agent in the body of a living organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λοίμωξη @el
alternative label: infekcija @hr
broader: disease
source: KOREN

infectious disease
type: Concept
definition: Pathogenic condition resulting from invasion of an host by a pathogen that propagates causing infection.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λοιμώδες νόσημα @el
alternative label: infekcijska bolest @hr
alternative label: smittsam sjukdom @sv
alternative label: överförbar sjukdom @sv
broader: human disease
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9426
narrower: spasmodic croup
source: KOREN

infestation of crops
type: Concept
definition: Invasion of crop by parasites. Among vertebrate animals, many crop pests are mammals, especially in the order of rodents and birds. Among invertebrates, certain species of gastropods and a large number of roundworms from the class of nematodes harm crops. The most varied and numerous species of crop pests are arthropods-insects, arachnids and some species of millipedes and crustaceans. Diseases vary from viral, bacterial, and nutritional to fungal, environmental and non-specific. The FAO has estimated that annual worldwide losses done by plant pests and diseases amount to approximately 20-25% of the potential worldwide yield of food crops.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: infestacija @hr
broader: impact source
source: RRDA
source: WPR

animal husbandry
type: Concept
definition: A branch of agriculture concerned with the breeding and feeding of domestic animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: abeltzaintza
alternative label: uzgoj stoke @hr
narrower: animal production
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
narrower: aquaculture
narrower: apiculture
related: animal product
related: animal disease
related: farm animal
related: animal health
related: animal waste
related: domesticated animal
source: MGH

infestation of food
type: Concept
definition: Food that has been contaminated and deteriorated by some kind of pest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: impact source
source: RRDA

infiltration
type: Concept
definition: Movement of water through the soil surface into the ground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διήθηση @el
alternative label: διαπότιση @el
alternative label: imeytyminen @fi
alternative label: filtracija @hr
broader: hydrologic balance
narrower: water infiltration into the ground
source: MGH

inflammable substance
type: Concept
definition: Substance liable to catch fire.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
related: fuel
source: CED

inflow
type: Concept
definition: 1) Water other than wastewater that enters a sewer system (including sewer service connections) from sources such as, but not limited to, roof leaders, cellars drains, yard drains, area drains, drains from springs and swampy areas, manhole covers, cross connections between storm sewers and sanitary sewers, catch basins, cooling towers, storm waters, surface runoff, street wash waters, or drainage. Inflow does not include, and is distinguished from, infiltration. 2) Action of flowing in; an inflow of effluent into a river.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παροχή @el
alternative label: αναρρόφηση @el
alternative label: tillströmning @sv
broader: flow
source: JJK
source: PHC

informal negotiation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy instrument

informatics
type: Concept
definition: Science and technique of data elaboration and of automatic treatment of information.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: informatikteknik @sv
broader: information
broader: science
narrower: environmental informatics
narrower: data acquisition
narrower: data processing system
narrower: data protection
narrower: data base
narrower: digitising
narrower: software
source: ZINZAN

information
type: Concept
definition: All facts, ideas or imaginative works of the mind which have been communicated, published or distributed formally or informally in any format, or the knowledge that is communicated or received.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ενημέρωση @el
alternative label: στοιχεία @el
alternative label: πληροφόρηση @el
alternative label: informacija @hr
alternative label: podaci @hr
narrower: technical information
narrower: geo-referenced information
narrower: referral information
narrower: terminology
narrower: scientific and technical information
narrower: bibliographic information
narrower: Internet
narrower: documentation
narrower: informatics
narrower: information system
narrower: statistical information
narrower: information infrastructure
narrower: information exchange
narrower: information processing
narrower: environmental information
narrower: communications
narrower: public information
narrower: information network
source: CCL
source: RHW

information processing
type: Concept
definition: A systematic series of actions performed by a person or computer on data elements including classifying, sorting, calculating, summarizing, transmitting, retrieving and receiving.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
narrower: metainformation
related: data processing
source: JON

information service
type: Concept
definition: An organized system of providing assistance or aid to individuals who are seeking information, such as by using databases and other information sources to communicate or supply knowledge or factual data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: informativna služba @hr
broader: communications
related match: Information broker
source: OMD
source: RHW

information source
type: Concept
definition: Generally, any resource initiating and substantiating the reception of knowledge or specifically, the origin of a data transmission.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: communications
narrower: information clearing-house
source: RHW

information system
type: Concept
definition: Any coordinated assemblage of persons, devices and institutions used for communicating or exchanging knowledge or data, such as by simple verbal communication, or by completely computerized methods of storing, searching and retrieving information.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
narrower: documentary system
narrower: communications system
narrower: statistical information system
narrower: decision-support system
narrower: environmental information system
narrower: geographic information system
narrower: bibliographic information system
narrower: referral information system
source: MHD

information technology
type: Concept
definition: The systems, equipment, components and software required to ensure the retrieval, processing and storage of information in all centres of human activity (home, office, factory, etc.), the application of which generally requires the use of electronics or similar technology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
narrower: multimedia technology
related: information exchange
source: ECHO2

infraction
type: Concept
definition: A breach, violation, or infringement; as of a law, a contract, a right or duty.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κάταγμα @el
alternative label: παραβίαση @el
alternative label: arau-urratze
alternative label: särö @fi
alternative label: infraktion @sv
alternative label: överträdelse @sv
broader: crime
source: BLACK

infrared radiation
type: Concept
definition: Electron magnetic radiation whose wavelengths lie in the range from 0.75 or 0.8 micrometer to 1000 micrometers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izpi infragorriak
alternative label: infrarödstrålning @sv
broader: radiation
broader: non-ionising radiation
related match: Infrared
source: MGH

animal manure
type: Concept
definition: Animal excreta collected from stables and barnyards with or without litter; used to enrich the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gnoj @hr
alternative label: träck @sv
alternative label: gödsel @sv
alternative label: spillning @sv
alternative label: dynga @sv
broader: manure
source: MGH

infrasound
type: Concept
definition: Vibrations of the air at frequencies too low to be perceived as sound by the human ear, below about 15 hertz.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sound
source: MGH

infrastructure
type: Concept
definition: The basic network or foundation of capital facilities or community investments which are necessary to support economic and community activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: built environment
narrower: community facility
narrower: energy distribution system
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9165
narrower: pipeline
narrower: built drainage system
narrower: municipal heating network
narrower: cultural facility
narrower: gas network
narrower: sports facility
narrower: tourist facility
narrower: traffic infrastructure
narrower: sewerage system
narrower: leisure centre
narrower: health facility
source: LANDY

inhabitant
type: Concept
definition: A person occupying a region, town, house, country, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biztanle
broader: settlement concentration
related match: Residency (domicile)

injury
type: Concept
definition: A stress upon an organism that disrupts the structure or function and results in a pathological process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πληγή @el
alternative label: τραύμα @el
alternative label: βλάβη @el
broader: human disease
narrower: hearing impairment
related match: Trauma (medicine)
source: KOREN

ink
type: Concept
definition: A dispersion of a pigment or a solution of a dye in a carrier vehicle, yielding a fluid, paste, or powder to be applied to and dried on a substrate; writing, marking, drawing, and printing inks are applied by several methods to paper, metal, plastic, wood, glass, fabric, or other substrate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
source: MGH

inland fishery
type: Concept
definition: Fishing grounds located in lakes, streams, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ibaietako arrantza
broader: fishery
source: RRDA

inland navigation
type: Concept
definition: The navigation of inland waterways, i.e. navigable rivers, canals, sounds, lakes, inlets, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: barrualdeko nabigazio
broader: navigation

inland water
type: Concept
definition: A lake, river, or other body of water wholly within the boundaries of a state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: surface water
source: MGH

inland waterways transport
type: Concept
definition: Transportation of persons and goods by boats travelling on rivers, channels or lakes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9245
narrower: river transport
source: RRDA

animal noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise caused by animals such as dogs kept in kennels or in private homes as pets.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental noise
source: RRDA

innovation
type: Concept
definition: Something newly introduced, such as a new method or device.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: experiment
narrower: software development
source: CED

inorganic chemistry
type: Concept
definition: A branch of chemistry dealing with the chemical reactions and properties of all inorganic matter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemistry
source: LEE

inorganic fertiliser
type: Concept
definition: Inorganic chemical which promotes plant growth by enhancing the supply of essential nutrients such as ammonium sulphate or lime.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailu ez-organiko
alternative label: umelé hnojivo @sk
broader: chemical fertiliser
narrower: phosphatic fertiliser
narrower: potassium fertiliser
narrower: nitrogenous fertiliser
source: PORT

inorganic pollutant
type: Concept
definition: A pollutant of mineral origin and not of basically carbon structure.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile ez-organiko
broader: chemical pollutant
source: ERG

animal nutrition
type: Concept
definition: Ingestion, digestion and/or assimilation of food by animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prehrana životinja @hr
alternative label: ishrana životinja @hr
alternative label: výživa zvierat @sk
broader: nutrition
related: animal physiology
source: LBC

inorganic substance
type: Concept
definition: Chemical compounds that do not contain carbon as the principal element (excepting carbonates, cyanides, and cyanates), that is, matter other than plant or animal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
narrower: lead compound
narrower: cyanide
narrower: nitrate
narrower: nitrite
narrower: phosphate
narrower: nitrogen oxides
narrower: carbon monoxide
narrower: hydrochloric acid
narrower: carbon dioxide
narrower: sulphate
narrower: chloride
narrower: sulphide
narrower: sulphur oxide
narrower: metal oxide
narrower: sulphuric acid
narrower: ammonia
narrower: ammonium
related match: Inorganic compound
source: MGH

insecticide
type: Concept
definition: Any chemical agent used to destroy invertebrate pests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: insekticid @sv
broader: biocide
related: chemical pest control
related: DDT
source: LBC

insectivore
type: Concept
definition: Any placental mammal of the order Insectivora, being typically small, with simple teeth, and feeding on invertebrates. The group includes shrews, moles, and hedgehogs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: intsektiboro
broader: mammal
source: CED

insect
type: Concept
definition: A class of the Arthropoda typically having a segmented body with an external, chitinous covering, a pair of compound eyes, a pair of antennae, three pairs of mouthparts, and two pairs of wings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: insekt (Insecta) @hr
broader: arthropod
narrower: bug
narrower: dermapteran
narrower: earwig
narrower: beetle
narrower: termite
narrower: flea
narrower: odonate
narrower: lepidopteran
narrower: orthopteran
narrower: hymenopteran
narrower: dipteran
source: MGH

in situ
type: Concept
definition: In the natural or normal place.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επιτόπιος @el
alternative label: tokian
alternative label: tokiko
alternative label: na mieste @sk
alternative label: på platesen @sv
broader: subject
broader: parameter
source: KOREN

inspection
type: Concept
definition: An official examination and evaluation of the extent to which specified goals, objectives, standards, policies or procedures of an agency, organization, department or unit have been met properly.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έλεγχος @el
alternative label: εξέταση @el
alternative label: εποπτεία @el
alternative label: αυτοψία @el
alternative label: ikuskapen
alternative label: kontroll @sv
alternative label: inspektion @sv
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: inspection of records
narrower: vehicle inspection
source: DAM

inspection of records
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erregistroen ikuskapen
alternative label: pregled poslovnih knjiga @hr
broader: inspection

inspection service
type: Concept
definition: An organization designated to look into, supervise and report upon, the staff members and workings of some institution or department, or the conforming to laws and regulations by a segment of society or other group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επιθεώρηση @el
alternative label: ikuskatze-zerbitzu
broader: services
source: OED

installation requiring approval
type: Concept
definition: The official authorization needed to assemble and place into position any apparatus, facility, military post or machinery.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: building permit
source: RHW

institutionalisation
type: Concept
definition: The establishment and normalization of a law, custom, usage, practice, system or regulative principle in the activity or purpose of a group or organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιδρυματοποίηση @el
broader: administrative organisation
source: OED

instrument manufacture
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tresnagintza
alternative label: proizvodnja instrumenta @hr
broader: manufacturing activity

animal physiology
type: Concept
definition: Study of the normal processes and metabolic functions of animal organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physiology
related: animal nutrition
related: animal health
related: animal disease
related match: Physiology
source: LBC

sound insulation material
type: Concept
definition: Material used to reduce the transmission of sound to or from a body, device, room, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insulating material
source: CED

insurance
type: Concept
definition: The act, system, or business of providing financial protection contingencies, such as death, loss or damage and involving payment of regular premiums in return for a policy guaranteeing such protection.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: services
narrower: damage insurance
narrower: pollution insurance
narrower: insurance business
narrower: insurance coverage
source: CED

insurance business
type: Concept
definition: A commercial service which provides a guarantee against most losses or harm to a person, property or a firm in return for premiums paid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insurance
source: ISEP
source: RHW

insurance coverage
type: Concept
definition: The protection provided against risks or a risk, often as specified by the type of protection or the item being protected.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insurance
source: RHW

integral natural reserve
type: Concept
definition: Areas allocated to preserve and protect certain animals and plants, or both. They differ from national parks, which are largely a place for public recreation, because they are provided exclusively to protect species for their own sake. Endangered species are increasingly being kept in nature reserves to prevent them from extinction. Nature reserves also serve as a place for more plentiful species to rest, breed or winter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: naturpark @sv
broader: nature reserve
source: WRIGHT

integrated environmental protection technology
type: Concept
definition: Technologies that meet environmental objectives by incorporating pollution prevention concepts in their design. Integrated environmental control strategies introduced in the early design stages of a process, rather than an end-of-pipe control option introduced in the later stages, improve the technical and economic performance of a process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental technology
source: ENVAR

integrated pest control
type: Concept
definition: A systematic, comprehensive approach to pest control that uses the insect's or rodent's own biology and behaviour to find the least toxic control methods at the lowest cost.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izurriteen kontrako borroka integratu
broader: pest control
source: KOREN

integrated pollution control
type: Concept
definition: A procedure whereby all major emissions to land, air, and water are considered simultaneously and not in isolation to avoid situations in which one control measure for one medium adversely affects another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio-kontrol integratu
broader: pollution control
source: GILP96

intensive animal husbandry
type: Concept
definition: Specialized system of breeding animals where the livestock are kept indoors and fed on concentrated foodstuffs, with frequent use of drugs to control diseases which are a constant threat under these conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εντατική ζωοτεχνία @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
source: PHC

intensive farming
type: Concept
definition: Farming in which as much use is made of the land as possible by growing crops close together or by growing several crops in a year or by using large amounts of fertilizers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: intenzivna zemljoradnja @hr
alternative label: åkerbruk @sv
broader: farming technique
source: PHC

interaction of pesticides
type: Concept
definition: The enhancement of activity of pesticides when they are used in combination with others.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pestiziden arteko interakzio
broader: behaviour of substances
source: PARCOR

interchange of electronic data
type: Concept
definition: A transference of binary coded information items between two or more computers across any communications channel capable of carrying electromagnetic signals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: data exchange
source: WIC

acidification
type: Concept
definition: Addition of an acid to a solution until the pH falls below 7.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: povećavanje kiselosti @hr
alternative label: acidifikacija @hr
broader: chemical reaction
related: acid rain
source: MGH

interdisciplinary research
type: Concept
definition: The utilisation, combination and coordination of two or more appropriate disciplines, technologies and humanities in an integrated approach toward environmental problems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: diziplinarteko ikerketa
broader: scientific research
related match: Interdisciplinarity
source: UNUN

interest
type: Concept
definition: A sum paid or charged for the use of money or for borrowing money over a given time period.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τόκος @el
alternative label: συμφέρον @el
alternative label: ränta @sv
broader: credit
source: RHW

interest group
type: Concept
definition: A group of people who share common traits, attitudes, beliefs or objectives and who have formed a formal organization to serve specific concerns of the membership.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ομάδα συμφερόντων @el
broader: pressure group
related match: Advocacy group
source: AUB

interim decision
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: administrative procedure

interlaboratory comparison
type: Concept
definition: Tests performed at the same time in different laboratories to validate the quality of the results.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborategien arteko konparazio
broader: testing method
source: RRDA

animal production
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: animalia-ekoizpen
broader: animal husbandry
related: agriculture and cattle industry
related: pasture

intermediate goods
type: Concept
definition: Partly finished goods or products that re-enter into production elsewhere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tarteko ondasunak
broader: goods
related match: Intermediate good
source: ISEP
source: MGHME

intermittent noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise occurring at regular or irregular intervals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: noise type
source: CED

internal European market
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: market

internalisation of environmental costs
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental cost

international agreement
type: Concept
definition: Cooperation in international efforts to support global environmental goals. Solutions to environmental problems such as trans-boundary airborne and waterborne pollution, ozone depletion and climate change require action by all responsible countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: međunarodni ugovor @hr
broader: international relations
narrower: multilateral agreement
related: international convention
related match: Treaty
source: WRES

international competitiveness
type: Concept
definition: The ability of firms to strive with rivals in the production and sale of commodities in worldwide markets.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: business policy
source: ODE
source: OED

animal product
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: proizvod životinjskog porijekla @hr
broader: natural material
narrower: ivory
narrower: leather
narrower: fur
related: animal husbandry

international convention
type: Concept
definition: Treaties and other agreements of a contractual character between different countries or organizations of states creating legal rights and obligations between the parties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διεθνές συνέδριο @el
broader: convention
narrower: global convention
related: international agreement
related match: Public international law
source: BLACK

international co-operation
type: Concept
definition: The collaboration between governments, businesses or individuals in which it is agreed to work together on similar objectives or strategies, particularly in research or in setting industrial standards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nazioarteko kooperazio
broader: international relations
source: ODE

International Court of Justice
type: Concept
definition: Judicial arm of the United Nations. It has jurisdiction to give advisory opinions on matters of law and treaty construction when requested by the General Assembly, Security Council or any other international agency authorised by the General Assembly to petition for such opinion. It has jurisdiction, also, to settle legal disputes between nations when voluntarily submitted to it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international organisation
source: BLACK

international distribution
type: Concept
definition: The worldwide allocating of resources or dispersing of goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic structure
source: ISEP
source: RHW

international division of labour
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: labour relations

international environmental relations
type: Concept
definition: The political or diplomatic interaction or dealings between independent nations that pertain to ecological concerns.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international relations
related: environmental policy
source: RHW

international harmonisation
type: Concept
definition: Harmonisation of the interrelationship of sovereign states by the application of general principles recognized by civilized nations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international relations
source: DICLAW

animal protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions or procedures taken to prevent or reduce the harm to sentient, non-human species, posed, in most cases, by humans.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal rights
related: animal trade
related: animal experiment
related match: Animal ethics
source: ONE
source: RHW

international law
type: Concept
definition: The system of law regulating the interrelationship of sovereign states and their rights and duties with regard to one another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law branch
narrower: public international law
narrower: international economic law
narrower: private international law
source: DICLAW

internationally important ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Ecosystems whose importance is recognised at international level and which are, in some cases, protected by international conventions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecosystem type
source: RRDA

international organisation
type: Concept
definition: An association of independent states, whose representatives gather for the promotion of common interests including defense and trade.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: institutional structure
narrower: Small Islands (political geography)
narrower: European Union
narrower: ASEAN
narrower: International Court of Justice
narrower: International Monetary Fund
narrower: United Nations
related: international relations
related match: International organization
source: GT2

international politics
type: Concept
definition: The use of methods, strategy, intrigue, decision making and power by governments and their representatives to achieve goals in policy making or governmental affairs in a worldwide or international arena.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: politics
narrower: enlargement policy
related match: International relations
source: RHW

international relations
type: Concept
definition: The political or diplomatic interaction or dealings between independent nations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: international transaction
narrower: international balance
narrower: international environmental relations
narrower: East-West relations
narrower: international harmonisation
narrower: international co-operation
narrower: international assistance
narrower: international agreement
narrower: defence
related: international organisation
related: foreign trade
source: RHW

international river basin
type: Concept
definition: Land area drained by a river and its tributaries whose waters are situated in and utilized by two or more countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: međunarodni riječni sliv @hr
broader: hydrographic basin
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/963
source: EWP
source: TOE

international safety
type: Concept
definition: Freedom from danger or the quality of averting risk of harm to persons, property or the environment shared across one or more national boundaries; consequently, the combined efforts of more than one nation to achieve or preserve that state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety
narrower: armament conversion
source: OED
source: RHW

international standardisation
type: Concept
definition: The process of establishing or conforming something to a norm or measure that is recognized beyond the boundaries of a single country or nation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: internationell normalisering @sv
broader: standardisation
source: RHW

international trade
type: Concept
definition: The flow of commodities and goods between nations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: foreign trade
narrower: East-West trade
source: GOOD

international watercourse
type: Concept
definition: Portions of a geographical area which constitutes a hydrogeological unit as the catchment area for a single river which are under the jurisdiction of two or more countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διεθνής υδάτινη (θαλάσσια) δίοδος @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/963
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9161
source: WPR

animal resource
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological resource

interpretation method
type: Concept
definition: Method employed in the assessment of the meaning and significance of data, results, facts, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metoda interpretacije @hr
broader: evaluation method
source: RRDA

intertidal zone
type: Concept
definition: 1) The area between land and sea which is regularly exposed to the air by the tidal movement of the sea. Marine organisms that inhabit the intertidal zones have to adapt to periods of exposure to air and to the waves created by wind, which makes it the most physically demanding of the marine habitats. 2) The shore zone between the highest and lowest tides.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: područje morskih mijena @hr
alternative label: zona plime i oseke @hr
broader: coastal area
related: tide
source: LBC
source: WRIGHT

intervention in nature and landscape
type: Concept
definition: Stepping in or participating in problem solving efforts for troublesome or perplexing situations involving the natural world or scenery.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental problem solving
narrower: reintroduction
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9236
source: RHW

inventory
type: Concept
definition: A detailed list of articles, goods, property, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κατάλογος @el
alternative label: varasto, kokonaismäärä @fi
alternative label: zalihe @hr
alternative label: popis @hr
alternative label: inventarium @sv
broader: environmental data
narrower: inventory of forest damage
narrower: emission register
source: CED

inventory of forest damage
type: Concept
definition: Survey of a forest area to determine forest depletion. The aim of the inventory is to give an overview of the forest conditions. Especially should the inventory aim to detect any changes in the forest conditions, but it should also provide the distribution of the forest damages and find out any relation with site and stand conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihanean eragindako kalteen inbentario
alternative label: baso-kalt
alternative label: inventarizacija šumskih šteta @hr
broader: inventory
related: forestry
source: DUNSTE

inversion
type: Concept
definition: A reversal in the usual direction of a process, as in the change of density of water at 4° C.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: invertoiminen @fi
broader: physical property
related: atmospheric layering
related: inversion layer
source: PITT

inversion layer
type: Concept
definition: The atmosphere layer through which an inversion occurs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric layering
related: inversion
source: MGH

invertebrate
type: Concept
definition: Any animal lacking a backbone, including all species not classified as vertebrates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal
narrower: echinoderm
narrower: Articulata
narrower: nematode
narrower: protozoan
narrower: mollusc
narrower: coelenterate
narrower: poriferan
source: CED

investment
type: Concept
definition: Any item of value purchased for profitable return, as income, interest or capital appreciation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: inbertsio
alternative label: investicija @hr
broader: finances
source: IVW
source: RHW

animal for slaughter
type: Concept
definition: Animals bred and killed for the production of food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: livestock
related: slaughtering of animals
related match: Slaughterhouse
source: RRDA

in vitro assay
type: Concept
definition: Assay taking place in an artificial environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laboratorijska analiza @hr
alternative label: laboratorijski test @hr
broader: laboratory technique
source: KOREN

in vivo assay
type: Concept
definition: Experiments that are carried out in the living organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: laboratory technique
source: UVAROV

iodine
type: Concept
definition: A nonmetallic halogen element; the poisonous, corrosive dark plates or granules are readily sublimed; insoluble in water, soluble in common solvents; used as germicide and antiseptic, in dyes, tinctures, and pharmaceuticals, in engraving lithography, and as a catalyst and analytical reagent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group VII
source: MGH

ion exchange
type: Concept
definition: The process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble solid, usually a resin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιοντοανταλλαγή @el
broader: physicochemical process
related: softening
related: ion exchanger
source: CED

ion exchanger
type: Concept
definition: A permanent insoluble material (usually a synthetic resin) which contains ions that will exchange reversibly with other ions in a surrounding solution. Both cation and anion exchangers are used in water conditioning. The volume of an ion exchanger is measured in cubic liters of exchanger after the exchanger bed has been backwashed and drained, and has settled into place.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ionski izmjenjivač @hr
alternative label: ionex @sk
alternative label: menič iónov @sk
broader: industrial equipment
related: ion exchange
related match: Ion exchange
source: WQA

animal shelter
type: Concept
definition: A protection providing housing for animals in bad weather.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: animalientzako babesleku
alternative label: zaklon za životinje @hr
alternative label: úkryt zvierat @sk
broader: community facility
source: RRDA

ionising radiation
type: Concept
definition: Radiation that is capable of energizing atoms sufficiently to remove electrons from them. In this state atoms become more reactive, so that ionizing radiation increases chemical activity and in this way produces biological effects, including effects that involve alterations induced in DNA. X-rays and gamma-rays are the only electromagnetic waves that cause ionization in biological material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radiation
narrower: gamma radiation
narrower: alpha radiation
narrower: ultraviolet radiation
narrower: beta radiation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9398
related: nuclear reaction
related match: Ionizing radiation
source: ALL

ionosphere
type: Concept
definition: A region of the earth's atmosphere, extending from about 60 to 1000 kilometers above the earth's surface, in which there is a high concentration of free electrons formed as a result of ionizing radiation entering the atmosphere from space.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric structure
source: CED

ion
type: Concept
definition: An electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
narrower: cation
narrower: anion
source: CED

iron
type: Concept
definition: A malleable ductile silvery-white ferromagnetic metallic element occurring principally in haematite and magnetite. It is widely used for structural and engineering purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
related: heavy metal
source: CED

animal
type: Concept
definition: Any living organism characterized by voluntary movement, the possession of cells with noncellulose cell walls and specialized sense organs enabling rapid response to stimuli, and the ingestion of complex organic substances such as plants and other animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organism
narrower: game (animals)
narrower: chordate
narrower: fur animal
narrower: invertebrate
narrower: aquatic animal
narrower: vermin
narrower: warm-blooded animal
narrower: farm animal
narrower: domesticated animal
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9310
source: CED

iron industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the extraction and refinement of iron ore to produce cast iron, wrought iron and steel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σιδηρουργία @el
alternative label: crna metalurgija @hr
broader: iron and steel industry
related match: History of ferrous metallurgy
source: ENC
source: RHW

ironwork industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the production of iron articles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: burdineria-industria
alternative label: industrija željeznih proizvoda @hr
broader: metal products industry
source: WEBSTE

irradiation
type: Concept
definition: To subject to or treat with light or other electromagnetic radiation or with beams of particles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ακτινοβόληση @el
alternative label: säteilytys @fi
alternative label: iradijacija @hr
broader: physical treatment
source: CED

irrigation
type: Concept
definition: 1) To supply land with water so that crops and plants will grow or grow stronger.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garaztatze
broader: agricultural method
narrower: trickle irrigation
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9160
source: CAMB
source: WRIGHT

irrigation canal
type: Concept
definition: A permanent irrigation conduit constructed to convey water from the source of supply to one or more farms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garaztatzeko kanal
broader: canal
source: NALMS

irrigation farming
type: Concept
definition: Farming based on the artificial distribution and application of water to arable land to initiate and maintain plant growth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garaztatze-nekazaritza
alternative label: konstbevattnad odling @sv
broader: farming technique
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9176
related: irrigation system
source: GOOD

animal textile fibre
type: Concept
definition: A filament or threadlike strand derived from animals that manufacturers use to produce clothes or other goods that require weaving, knitting or felting, which include silk, wool, mohair and other forms of animal hair.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tekstilno vlakno životinjskog porijekla @hr
broader: natural fibre
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9363
source: INP
source: RHW

island
type: Concept
definition: A land mass, especially one smaller than a continent, entirely surrounded by water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νησί @el
alternative label: irla
broader: natural area
narrower: archipelago
source: AMHER

island ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Unique but fragile and vulnerable ecosystems due to the fact that the evolution of their flora and fauna has taken place in relative isolation. Many remote islands have some of the most unique flora in the world; some have species of plants and animals that are not found anywhere else, which have evolved in a specialized way, sheltered from the fierce competition that species face on mainland.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: irla-ekosistema
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
related match: Island ecology
source: WRIGHT

insulation (process)
type: Concept
definition: The process of preventing or reducing the transmission of electricity, heat, or sound to or from a body, device, or region by surrounding it with a nonconducting material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izolacija @hr
broader: physical treatment
narrower: acoustic insulation
related: thermal insulation
source: CED

isomer
type: Concept
definition: 1) Two or more compounds having the same molecular formula, but a different arrangement of atoms within the molecule. 2) One of two or more chemical substances having the same elementary percentage composition and molecular weight but differing in structure, and therefore in properties; there are many ways in which such structural differences occur.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
source: CED
source: MGH

animal trade
type: Concept
definition: The process or act of exchanging, buying or selling animals, especially livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: animalien salerosketa
broader: trade (services)
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9313
related: endangered animal species
related: animal protection
source: RHW

isotope
type: Concept
definition: One or two or more atoms with the same atomic number that contain different numbers of neutrons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
related: radionuclide
source: CED

ivory
type: Concept
definition: The fine-grained creamy-white dentine forming the tusks of elephants, and the teeth or tusks of certain other large animals such as the walrus; it has long been esteemed for a wide variety of ornamental articles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ελεφαντοστό @el
alternative label: marfil
broader: animal product
source: BJGEO

animal waste
type: Concept
definition: Discarded material from industries directly associated with the raising of animals, such as those wastes produced by livestock farming (manure, milk, etc.), meat production and animal testing (animal bodies, animal parts, feathers, etc.) and fur breeding (fur, blood, etc.).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
narrower: animal excrement
narrower: animal remain
narrower: slaughterhouse waste
related: animal husbandry
related: carcass disposal
related match: Feces
source: AWM

joint debtor
type: Concept
definition: Persons united in a joint liability or indebtedness. Two or more persons jointly liable for the same debt.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic analysis
source: WESTS

joint implementation (Rio Conference)
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: conservation policy
related match: Earth Summit

judicial assistance
type: Concept
definition: A program sponsored or administered by a government to guide through and represent in court proceedings persons who are in financial need and cannot afford private counsel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: judicial system
source: BLD

judicial body
type: Concept
definition: Any public organization or branch of government responsible for the administration of justice or the enforcement of laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sudsko tijelo @hr
broader: institutional structure
narrower: public prosecutor's office
narrower: police
narrower: court
source: BLD

judiciary rule
type: Concept
definition: Specific norms, regulations and precedents governing the conduct, procedure and arrangement of a judicial system, its various divisions and its officers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δικαστικός κανόνας @el
alternative label: arau juridiko
broader: judicial system
source: BLD

anion
type: Concept
definition: An ion that is negatively charged.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ion
related match: Ion
source: MGH

jurisdiction
type: Concept
definition: The power of a court to hear and decide a case or make a certain order.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αρμοδιότητα @el
alternative label: δωσιδικία @el
alternative label: jurisdikzio
alternative label: pravna/sudska nadležnost @hr
alternative label: područje nadležnosti @hr
alternative label: myndighetsområde @sv
alternative label: domsaga @sv
alternative label: domvärjo @sv
alternative label: behörighet @sv
broader: administrative competence
narrower: administrative jurisdiction
source: DICLAW

jurisprudence
type: Concept
definition: The science or philosophy of law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jurisprudencija @hr
alternative label: pravna doktrina @hr
broader: science
source: CED

karst
type: Concept
definition: 1) A German rendering of a Serbo-Croat term referring to the terrain created by limestone solution and characterized by a virtual absence of surface drainage, a series of surface hollows, depressions and fissures, collapse structures, and an extensive subterranean drainage network. 2) A type of topography that is formed on limestone, gypsum, and other rocks by dissolution, and that is characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage. Etymology: German, from the Yugoslavian territory Krs; type locality, a limestone plateau in the Dinaric Alps of northwestern Yugoslavia and northeastern Italy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kraš @hr
broader: terrestrial area
related match: Karst topography
source: BJGEO
source: WHIT

stocking
type: Concept
definition: To keep a supply accumulated for future use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: stock-ari euste
alternative label: skladištenje @hr
alternative label: uskladištavanje @hr
scope note: term mainly used for goods @en
broader: storage (process)
source: AMHER

kerosene
type: Concept
definition: A thin oil distilled from petroleum or shale oil, used as a fuel for heating and cooking, in lamps, and as a denaturant for alcohol.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: flygfotogen @sv
broader: motor fuel
source: AMHER

annelid
type: Concept
definition: Any worms of the phylum Anellida, in which the body is divided into segments both internally and externally. The group includes the earthworms, lugworm, ragworm, and leeches.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: annelider @sv
alternative label: ledmaskar @sv
broader: Articulata
narrower: earthworm
source: CED

labelling
type: Concept
definition: Attaching a notice to a product or container bearing information concerning its contents, proper use, manufacturer and any cautions or hazards of use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τοποθέτηση ετικέτας @el
broader: industrial process
narrower: ecolabelling
source: KOREN

laboratory
type: Concept
definition: A room or building with scientific equipment for doing scientific tests or for teaching science, or a place where chemicals or medicines are produced.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
narrower: GIS laboratory
related: research
source: CAMB

laboratory experiment
type: Concept
definition: Tests or investigations carried out in a laboratory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laborategiko esperimentu
alternative label: laboratorijski test @hr
broader: experiment
narrower: long-term experiment
narrower: animal experiment
source: CED

laboratory research
type: Concept
definition: Research carried out in a laboratory for testing chemical substances, growing tissues in cultures, or performing microbiological, biochemical, hematological, microscopical, immunological, parasitological tests, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific research
related: laboratory technique
source: PHC

laboratory technique
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: methodology
narrower: in vitro assay
narrower: in vivo assay
narrower: reflectometry
narrower: sizing
narrower: olfactometry
narrower: lysimetry
narrower: chromatography
narrower: colourimetry
narrower: spectroscopy
related: laboratory research
related match: Laboratory techniques

laboratory waste
type: Concept
definition: Discarded materials produced by analytical and research activities in a laboratory.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
source: ERG

labour
type: Concept
definition: One of the factors of production. It includes all the exertions - manual, physical or mental - by individuals, directed towards the production of wealth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: behar
alternative label: työvoima @fi
narrower: employment
narrower: organisation of work
narrower: occupation
narrower: labour relations
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9369
narrower: labour market
narrower: labour force
source: GOOD

antagonism
type: Concept
definition: The situation in which two chemicals upon interaction interfere in such a way that the action of one partially or completely inhibits the effects of the other.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vihamielisyys @fi
alternative label: antagonizam @hr
broader: chemical property
related: combination effect
source: KOREN

labour law
type: Concept
definition: The branch of the legal system which lays down the rules governing employment relationships, trade union relations, and state intervention to provide protection against particular situations of need for citizens who are workers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
source: NECTAR

labour market
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: labour
narrower: migrant labour
narrower: manpower
narrower: working population engaged in agriculture
related match: Labour economics

labour relations
type: Concept
definition: The dynamics or general state of the association between management and non-management employees in an enterprise, industry or nation, with special attention to the maintenance of agreements, collective bargaining and the status of unions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: labour
narrower: international division of labour
narrower: trades union
related match: Industrial relations
source: RHW

lacquer
type: Concept
definition: A material which contains a substantial quantity of a cellulose derivative, most commonly nitrocellulose but sometimes a cellulose ester, such as cellulose acetate or cellulose butyrate, or a cellulose ether such as ethyl cellulose; used to give a glossy finish, especially on brass and other bright metals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lakata, kiillottaa @fi
alternative label: lackera @sv
broader: industrial product
source: MGH

lagoon
type: Concept
definition: A body of water cut off from the open sea by coral reefs or sand bars.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δεξαμενή @el
broader: coastal area
narrower: coral reef lagoon
source: CED

lake basin
type: Concept
definition: 1) The depression in the Earth's surface occupied or formerly occupied by a lake and containing its shore features. 2) The area from which a lake receives drainage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial area
related: water reservoir
source: BJGEO

lake pollution
type: Concept
definition: The direct or indirect human alteration of the biological, physical, chemical or radiological integrity of lake water, or a lake ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aintziren poluzio
broader: freshwater pollution
source: LANDY

lake
type: Concept
definition: An enclosed body of water, usually but not necessarily fresh water, from which the sea is excluded.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laku
hidden label: lakes @en
broader: hydrosphere
related: overturn (limnology)
source: WHIT

lamp
type: Concept
definition: A device that produces light, such as an electric lamp.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λαμπτήρας @el
alternative label: φανός @el
broader: equipment
related: lighting
source: MGH

land
type: Concept
definition: A specified geographical tract of the Earth's surface including all its attributes, comprising its geology, superficial deposits, topography, hydrology, soils, flora and fauna, together with the results of past and present human activity, to the extent that these attributes exert a significant influence on the present and future land utilization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κτήμα @el
alternative label: αγρός @el
alternative label: έκταση @el
alternative label: έδαφος @el
alternative label: ξηρά @el
alternative label: zemljište @hr
alternative label: mark @sv
narrower: hazard area
narrower: geomorphic process
narrower: natural area
narrower: landform
narrower: landscape
narrower: protected area
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
narrower: disaster zone
narrower: ecozone
narrower: climatic zone
narrower: biogeographical region
related: soil
related: land management and planning
related: land planning
source: WHIT

antagonistic effect of toxic substances
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: substantzia toxikoen ondorio antago
alternative label: suprotan učinak otrovnih tvari @hr
broader: biological effect of pollution

land access
type: Concept
definition: The permission or freedom to use, enter, approach or pass to and from a tract of land, which often consists of real estate property.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurraldera sartze
broader: right of access
narrower: public access to land
source: BLD

land allotment
type: Concept
definition: Procedure by which big land properties are divided in parcels of smaller size.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παραχώρηση γης @el
alternative label: κλήρος @el
alternative label: lurra alorretan banatze
alternative label: marktilldelning @sv
broader: land planning
source: RRDA

land and property register
type: Concept
definition: The system of registering certain legal estates or interests in land. It describes the land and any additional rights incidental to it, such as rights of way over adjoining land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: registration
narrower: land register
source: DICLAW

land carrying capacity
type: Concept
definition: The maximum extent to which ground or soil area may be exploited without degradation or depletion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurraren karga-ahalmen
broader: soil capability
source: ALL

land clearing
type: Concept
definition: Removal of trees, undergrowth, etc. in preparation for ploughing, building, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: čistenie pozemku @sk
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9373
related: intervention on land
related match: Deforestation
source: PHC

Antarctica
type: Concept
definition: A continent lying chiefly within the Antarctic Circle and asymmetrically centered on the South Pole: it consists of an ice-covered plateau (some 95 percent of Antarctica is covered by an icecap averaging 1,6 km in thickness), 1800-3000 m above sea level, and mountains ranges rising to 4500 m with some volcanic peaks; average temperatures all below freezing and human settlement is confined to research station.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
source: AMHER
source: CED

land conservation
type: Concept
definition: The care, preservation and re-use of solid areas of the earth's surface, especially soil regions valued as a natural resource or utilized as an agricultural resource.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurraren babes
broader: environmental conservation
source: TOE

land consolidation
type: Concept
definition: Joining small plots of land together to form larger farms or large fields.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: okrupnjavanje zemljišta @hr
alternative label: sammanläggning av jordbruksfastigheter @sv
broader: intervention on land
source: PHC

land cover
type: Concept
definition: Land cover is the physical state of the land surface. It is the combination of vegetation, soil, rock, water and human-made structures, which make up the earth's landscape. The land cover is the interface between the earth's crust and the atmosphere, influencing the exchange of energy and matter in the climatic system and biogeochemical cycles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κάλυψη εδαφικών εκτάσεων @el
alternative label: zemljani pokrivač @hr
broader: geo-referenced data
broader: ecological parameter
source: BRS

land development
type: Concept
definition: Planning of infrastructures, services and industrial settlements in order to promote the socio-economic growth of certain land area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land management and planning
narrower: coastal management
source: DIFID

land ecology
type: Concept
definition: Study of the relationship between terrestrial organisms and their environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
source: PHC

landfill
type: Concept
definition: The oldest method of waste disposal for the solid matter discarded in the domestic dustbin, along with the packaging material and paper from high street shops and offices. Landfill sites are usually disused quarries and gravel pits. When they were filled, previous practice was to cover them up with soil and forget about them. Housing estates have been built, often with disastrous consequences, on old landfill dumps. Waste burial has now become a serious technology and a potential source of energy. Landfill sites can be designed to be bioreactors, which deliberately produce methane, gas as a source of biofuel or alternative energy. Traditionally, waste tips remained exposed to air and aerobic microbes - those which thrive in air - in order to turn some of the waste into compost. However, open tips also encourage vermin, smell in hot weather and disfigure the landscape. In the 1960s, as a tidier and safer option, landfill operators began to seal each day's waste in a clay cell. While excluding vermin, the clay also excluded air. Decomposition relied on anaerobic microbes, which die in air. However, the process produced methane (natural gas), which was a safety hazard. The methane is now extracted by sinking a network of perforated pipes into the site.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χωματερή @el
alternative label: zabortegi
alternative label: deponij @hr
alternative label: uppläggning @sv
broader: non-built-up area
narrower: scrap dump
narrower: underground dump
narrower: domestic waste landfill
narrower: old landfill site
narrower: spoil dump
narrower: uncontrolled dump
narrower: hazardous waste dump
narrower: waste dump
narrower: sanitary landfill
related: waste dumping
source: WRIGHT

landfill covering
type: Concept
definition: The protective shielding, consisting of soil or some other material, that encloses disposal sites for compacted, non-hazardous solid waste, or secures disposal sites for hazardous waste to minimize the chance of releasing hazardous substances into the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
source: TOE

landfill degasification
type: Concept
definition: Landfill gas is highly dangerous as methane is highly explosive; therefore it must be controlled at all operational landfill sites, whether by active or passive ventilation or both especially in the case of deep sites. There exist venting systems for shallow and deep sites respectively.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related: waste degasification
source: PORT

landfill gas
type: Concept
definition: Landfill gas is generated in landfill sites by the anaerobic decomposition of domestic refuse (municipal solid waste). It consists of a mixture of gases and is colourless with an offensive odour due to the traces of organosulphur compounds. Aside for its unpleasantness, it is highly dangerous as methane is explosive in concentrations in air between 5 per cent, the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), and the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) of 15 per cent. Landfill gas must be controlled at all operational landfill sites, whether actively or passively vented or both especially in the case of deep sites.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zabortegiko gas
broader: gaseous air pollutant
source: PORT

landfill leachate
type: Concept
definition: Liquid that has seeped through solid waste in a landfill and has extracted soluble dissolved or suspended materials in the process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pressvatten i avfallsupplag @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
related match: Leachate
source: WWC

land forming
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: intervention on land

landform
type: Concept
definition: Any physical, recognizable form or feature of the Earth's surface, having a characteristic shape and produced by natural causes; it includes major forms such as plane, plateau and mountain, and minor forms such as hill, valley, slope, esker, and dune. Taken together the landforms make up the surface configuration of the Earth's.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land
narrower: ice pack
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9235
narrower: slope
narrower: bank (land)
narrower: cave
narrower: dune
narrower: submarine morphology
narrower: coast
narrower: valley
narrower: geographic circque
narrower: reef
narrower: river bed
narrower: mud flat
source: BJGEO

Antarctic ecosystem
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: antarktički ekološki sustav @hr
broader: polar ecosystem
related match: Antarctic ecozone

land mammal
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ugaztun lehortar
broader: mammal

land occupation
type: Concept
definition: The use, settlement or possession of solid areas of the earth's surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental management
source: RHW

land planning
type: Concept
definition: The activity of designing, organizing or preparing for the future use of solid areas of the earth's surface, especially regions valued for natural resources, utilized as agricultural resources or considered for human settlement.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical planning
narrower: land allotment
narrower: urban planning
narrower: building planning
narrower: coastal zone planning
narrower: land use planning
related: land
related match: Spatial planning
source: RHW

land pollution
type: Concept
definition: The presence of one or more contaminants upon or within an area of land, or its constituents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εδαφορύπανση @el
alternative label: lurraren poluzio
broader: environmental pollution
narrower: soil pollution
source: LANDY

Antarctic Ocean
type: Concept
definition: The waters, including ice shelves, that surround the continent of Antarctica, which comprise the southernmost parts of the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans, and also the Ross, Amundsen, Bellingshausen and Weddell seas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Južni polarni ocean @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
related match: Southern Ocean
source: CIA
source: RHW

land reclamation
type: Concept
definition: Making land capable of more intensive use by changing its general character, as by drainage of excessively wet land; irrigation of arid or semiarid land; or recovery of submerged land from seas, lakes and rivers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αξιοποίηση γαιών @el
alternative label: utdikning @sv
alternative label: efterbehandling @sv
alternative label: återvinning av land @sv
broader: intervention on land
source: LANDY

land register
type: Concept
definition: A register or survey of land, containing information on the surface of properties, tenants' names, commencing with the earliest owners through successive ownership and partitions, and such like.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μητρώο ακινήτων @el
alternative label: fastighetsbok @sv
broader: land and property register
related match: Land registration
source: CED
source: HARRIS
source: WESTS

land restoration
type: Concept
definition: The treatment of any unusable land usually by filling with refuse or levelling until the land can be brought into productive use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jordåtervinning @sv
broader: intervention on land
narrower: land restoration in mountain areas
source: ALL

landscape
type: Concept
definition: The traits, patterns, and structure of a specific geographic area, including its biological composition, its physical environment, and its anthropogenic or social patterns. An area where interacting ecosystems are grouped and repeated in similar form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιοχή @el
alternative label: pejzaž @hr
alternative label: krajolik @hr
alternative label: natur @sv
broader: land
narrower: terraced landscape
narrower: agricultural landscape
narrower: urban landscape
narrower: natural scenery
narrower: landscape after mining
narrower: landscape component
related: landscape management
source: EPAGLO

landscape after mining
type: Concept
definition: The process of mining disfigures the surface of the land, and in the absence of reclamation leads to permanent scars. The process spoils the vital topsoil, disrupts drainage patterns, destroys the productive capacity of agricultural and forest land and impairs their aesthetic and social value.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: meatzea ustiatu osteko paisaia
broader: landscape
source: WPR

Antarctic region
type: Concept
definition: An area within the Antarctic Circle that includes the fifth largest continent and its surrounding waters, consisting mostly of thick ice shelves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: polar region
source: CIA
source: INP

landscape alteration
type: Concept
definition: Landscapes might change through time as a result of human activities or natural processes such as fires or natural disasters. Changes in landscape structure can be documented by using data from aerial photographs or satellite images, and new technologies, such as remote sensing and geographic information systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: effect
narrower: skyline destruction
related: landscape consumption
source: PARCOR

landscape architecture
type: Concept
definition: The creation, development, and decorative planting of gardens, grounds, parks, and other outdoor spaces. Landscape gardening is used to enhance nature helping to create a natural setting for individual residences and buildings, and even towns, particularly where special approaches and central settings are required.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pejzažna arhitektura @hr
alternative label: landskapsvård @sv
broader: architecture
source: GILP96

landscape component
type: Concept
definition: In visual assessment work, landscapes can be divided into four major elements. a) Form is the perceived mass or shape of an object that appears unified, and which provides a consciousness of its distinction and relation of a whole to the component parts. b) Line is the real or imagined path, border, boundary, or intersection of two planes, such as a silhouette, that the eye follows when perceiving abrupt differences in form, colour or texture. c) Colour is a visual perception that enables the eye to differenciate otherwise identical objects based on the wavelengths of reflected light. d) Texture is the visual feel of a landscape.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: landscape
source: DUNSTE

landscape conservation
type: Concept
definition: The safeguarding, for public enjoyment, of landscape and of opportunities for outdoor recreation, tourism and similar activities; the concept includes the preservation and enhancement not only of what has been inherited but the provision of new amenities and facilities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: paisaiaren kontserbazio
broader: environmental conservation
related: landscape protection
source: GILP96

landscape conservation policy
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: paisaia babesteko politika
broader: conservation policy

landscape ecology
type: Concept
definition: The study of landscapes taking account of the ecology of their biological populations. The subjects thus embraces geomorphology and ecology and is applied to the design and architecture of landscapes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
source: ALL2

landscape management
type: Concept
definition: Measures aiming at preserving landscape or controlling its transformations caused by anthropic activities or natural events.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental management
related: landscape
source: DIFID

landscape planning
type: Concept
definition: The aspect of the land use planning process that deals with physical, biological, aesthetic, cultural, and historical values and with the relationships and planning between these values, land uses, and the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical planning
source: UNUN

landscape protection
type: Concept
definition: Elaboration and implementation of strategies and measures for the conservation, preservation, suitable use, and renewal of natural resources and nature or man-made components of landscape, in particular wildlife and natural systems of various standing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural areas protection
related: landscape conservation
source: MOSGOV

landscape protection area
type: Concept
definition: Area where landscape is protected for its particular features in order to maintain its role in contributing to the wider enjoyment of the countryside.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected landscape
source: RRDA

landscape consumption
type: Concept
definition: Using parts of landscape in a way that heavily modifies its features.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: using parts of landscape strongly modifying its character with lost of landscape original character <D> @en
broader: landscape utilisation
related: landscape alteration
source: RRDA

landscape utilisation
type: Concept
definition: Using landscape or parts of it for tourism, sports, or agriculture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: using landscape or parts of it (i.e. for tourism, sports or agriculture) <D> @en
broader: resource utilisation
narrower: landscape consumption
source: RRDA

land setup
type: Concept
definition: The formulation of regional objectives, plans and programmes and the harmonization of the regional effects of sectorial planning.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προετοιμασία (διαμόρφωση) @el
alternative label: regionalno planiranje i usklađivanje @hr
narrower: registered site
narrower: pre-emption zone
narrower: non-built-up area
narrower: development area
narrower: mixed use area
narrower: old hazardous site
narrower: land-management intervention area
narrower: abandoned industrial site
narrower: disused military site
narrower: indoor environment
narrower: built-up area
narrower: green space
narrower: polluted site
narrower: service area
related: land management and planning
source: ECHO2

landslide
type: Concept
definition: Mass-movement landforms and processes involving the downslope transport, under gravitationary influence of soil and rock material en masse.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lur-jausi
broader: geomorphic process
source: BJGEO

land transportation
type: Concept
definition: Transport of persons and goods by a network of roads or railways.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kopneni transport @hr
broader: transportation
narrower: rail transport
narrower: road transport
source: RRDA

land use
type: Concept
definition: The term land use deals with the spatial aspects of all human activities on the land and with the way in which the land surface is adapted, or could be adapted, to serve human needs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έγγειος εκμετάλλευση @el
broader: resource utilisation
related: soil use
related: land use plan
related: tourism
related: land use planning
source: GOOD

anthropic activity
type: Concept
definition: Action resulting from or influenced by human activity or intervention.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δραστηριότητα του ανθρώπου @el
alternative label: djelovanje čovjeka @hr
broader: impact source
narrower: release of organisms
narrower: poaching
related: man-made climate change
related: human-made disaster
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9274
source: GRAHAW

land use classification
type: Concept
definition: The arrangement of land units into a variety of categories based on the properties of the land or its suitability for a particular purpose. It has become an important tool in rural land-resource planning.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klasifikacija upotrebe zemljišta @hr
broader: classification
source: WHIT

land use planning
type: Concept
definition: The interdisciplinary process of evaluating, organising, and controlling the present and the future development and use of lands and their resources in terms of their suitability on sustained yield basis. Includes an overall ecological evaluation in terms of specific kinds of uses as well as evaluations of social, economic, and physical contexts to the land concerned.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land planning
related: land use
source: UNUN

soil use regime
type: Concept
definition: Type of management and utilization of the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land management and planning
source: GOOD

land value
type: Concept
definition: The monetary or material worth in commerce or trade of an area of ground considered as property.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural economics
related match: Real estate appraisal
source: RHW

large combustion plant
type: Concept
definition: Any sizable building which relies on machinery that converts energy released from the rapid burning of a fuel-air mixture into mechanical energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial plant (building)
related: incineration
source: PMA

laser
type: Concept
definition: Acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation; a device that produces a powerful, highly directional, monochromatic, coherent beam of light. Laser consist of a transparent cylinder with a reflecting surface at one end and a partially reflecting surface at the other. Light waves are reflected back and forth, some of them emerging at the partially reflecting end. The light source may be a ruby, whose chromium atoms are excited by a flash lamp so that they emit pulses of highly coherent light, or a mixture of inert gases that produce a continuos beam, or a cube of treated gallium arsenide which emits infrared radiation when an electric current passes through it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radiation
source: ALL

acidity
type: Concept
definition: The state of being acid that is of being capable of transferring a hydrogen ion in solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acidity degree
narrower: strong acidity
source: MGH

anthropogenic factor
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: antropogeni faktor @hr
broader: abiotic factor

laundering
type: Concept
definition: The act of washing and ironing clothes, linen, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: services
narrower: dry cleaning
source: CED

law (individual)
type: Concept
definition: One of the rules making up the body of law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: act
source: DICLAW

law amendment
type: Concept
definition: An alteration of or addition to any statute with legal force that, if approved by the appropriate legislative authority, supersedes the original statute.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislative procedure
source: LLL

anthropologic reserve
type: Concept
definition: Area of protection of the life style of societies where traditional human activities are still maintained and the exploitation of natural resources is still carried out without compromising the future availability.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
source: RRDA

law enforcement
type: Concept
definition: Any variety of activities associated with promoting compliance and obedience to the binding rules of a state, especially the prevention, investigation, apprehension or detention of individuals suspected or convicted of violating those rules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: legea ezartze
alternative label: stärkande av lagar @sv
alternative label: brottsbekämpning @sv
broader: enforcement
narrower: environmental law enforcement
source: BLD
source: LLL

neighbourhood law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to protect human health and the environment, manage growth and development or enhance the quality of life in small geographical and social areas within cities where residents share values and concerns and interact with one another on a daily basis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: planning law
source: HUM

law (science)
type: Concept
definition: Complex of rules fixed by law or custom which regulate social relations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νομικά @el
broader: science
related match: Laws of science
source: ZINZAN

leaching
type: Concept
definition: 1) The process of separating a liquid from a solid (as in waste liquid by percolation into the surrounding soil. 2) Extraction of soluble components of a solid mixture by percolating a solvent through it. 3) To lose or cause to lose soluble substances by the action of a percolating liquid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: suotoliukeneminen, eluutio @fi
broader: physicochemical process
source: CED
source: DICCHE
source: HARRIS

lead
type: Concept
notation: Pb
definition: A heavy toxic bluish-white metallic element that is highly malleable; occurs principally as galena and is used in alloys, accumulators, cable sheaths, paints, and as a radiation shield.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δίοδος @el
alternative label: αγωγός @el
broader: element of group IV
related: heavy metal
source: CED

lead compound
type: Concept
definition: Lead compounds are present as gasoline additives, in paint, ceramic products, roofing, caulking, electrical applications, tubes, or containers. Lead exposure may be due to air, water, food, or soil. Lead in the air is primarily due to lead-based fuels and the combustion of solid waste, coal, oils, and emissions from alkyl lead manufacturers, wind blown dust volcanoes, the burning of lead-painted surfaces, and cigarette smoke. Lead in drinking water comes from leaching from lead pipes, connectors, and solder in both the distribution system and household plumbing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: spoj olova @hr
broader: inorganic substance
source: KOREN

lead contamination
type: Concept
definition: The presence and release into the air, water and soil, of lead, a toxic metal used in plumbing, gasoline and lead-acid batteries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: berun-kutsadura
broader: chemical contamination
source: EEN
source: FFD

lead-in-petrol law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to reduce or eliminate the lead content in petroleum fuels used in vehicular and other engines that pollute the air with lead-carrying exhaust.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ezantzaren berun-edukiari buruz
broader: industrial legislation
source: GAS

lead level in blood
type: Concept
definition: A measure of the amount of lead or lead salts absorbed by the body as a possible sign of acute or chronic lead poisoning, which can affect the nervous, digestive or muscular systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: poisoning
source: SMD
source: MED

antibiotic
type: Concept
definition: A chemical substance, produced by microorganisms and synthetically, that has the capacity to inhibit the growth of, and even to destroy, bacteria and other microorganisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: drug (medicine)
related: biochemical substance
source: MGH

leaf
type: Concept
definition: The main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants, usually consisting of a flat green blade attached to the stem directly or by a stalk.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: orri
alternative label: havupuun neulanen @fi
broader: plant component
source: CED

leakage
type: Concept
definition: The accidental, uncontrolled discharge or seepage of liquids, gases and other substances to unintended and unwanted locations, frequently causing risks of damage or harm to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαφυγή @el
alternative label: suodanta @fi
alternative label: istjecanje @hr
alternative label: curenje @hr
alternative label: läckage @sv
alternative label: infiltrationsförlust @sv
broader: environmental accident
source: WWC

leather
type: Concept
definition: The dressed or tanned hide of an animal, usually with the hair removed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal product
source: AMHER

leather industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the production of leather goods such as garments, bags, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industrija kože @hr
alternative label: kožna industrija @hr
broader: industry
source: CED

legal basis
type: Concept
definition: The fundamental law or judicial precedent that warrants or supports a subsequent decision or action by any governmental, corporate or private entity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zakonska podloga @hr
alternative label: rättskälla @sv
alternative label: juridisk grund @sv
broader: legal system
source: BLD

antibody
type: Concept
definition: A complex protein that is produced in response to the introduction of a specific antigen into an animal. Antibodies belong to a class of proteins called immunoglobins, which are formed by plasma cells in the blood as a defence mechanism against invasion by parasites, notably bacteria and viruses, either by killing them or rendering them harmless.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: protutijelo @hr
alternative label: protilátka @sk
broader: immune system
source: ALL2

legally protected right
type: Concept
definition: A justifiable claim to have or obtain something or to act in a certain way, which is supported by law and is covered or shielded from the danger of being revoked or repealed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zakonom zaštićeno pravo @hr
broader: administrative procedure
source: OED

legal regulation
type: Concept
definition: Any order or rule issued by a government stipulating its procedures for the creation, execution or adjudication of laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νομικός κανονισμός (κανόνας) @el
alternative label: lege-arauak
broader: regulation
source: BLD

legal remedy
type: Concept
definition: The means by which a right is enforced or the violation of a right is prevented, redressed, or compensated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pravni lijek @hr
broader: legal system
source: BLACK

legal text
type: Concept
definition: The exact wording or language of a law or other document in conformity with the law or having the authority of law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lege-idatzi
alternative label: tekst zakona @hr
alternative label: tekst propisa @hr
broader: legal system
related match: Fine print
source: BLD

legislation
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of making laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zakoni @hr
alternative label: zakonski propisi @hr
narrower: liability legislation
narrower: national legislation
narrower: draft legislation
narrower: framework legislation
narrower: municipal law
narrower: provincial/regional law (D)
narrower: regional law
narrower: federal law
related: legislative procedure
source: CED

anticipation of danger
type: Concept
definition: The act of foreseeing, expecting and taking measures against possible future exposure to harm, death or a thing that causes these.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
source: ISEP

legislation on pollution
type: Concept
definition: Rules concerning the limits of pollutant emissions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzioari buruzko legeria
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: immission control law
narrower: community-pays principle
narrower: polluter-pays principle
related: pollution control
source: DIZAMB

water resources legislation
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to manage and protect an area's natural water supply and waterways.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental legislation
source: BLD
source: DES

legislative authority
type: Concept
definition: The power of a deliberative assembly of persons or delegates to bring a bill, resolution or special act to an official, legally binding status.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: legegintzako aginpide
broader: authority body
source: RHW

legislative competence
type: Concept
definition: The skill, knowledge, qualification, capacity or authority to make, give or enact rules with binding force upon a population or jurisdiction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: legea egiteko eskumen
broader: administrative competence
source: BLD

legislative information
type: Concept
definition: Knowledge or a service providing knowledge concerning actual and proposed laws, including approval status, the history and content of deliberative proceedings and the specific language of those laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πληροφόρηση επί @el
broader: public information
source: RHW

legislature
type: Concept
definition: The department, assembly, or body of persons that makes statutory laws for a state or nation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public function
source: WESTS

leisure activity
type: Concept
definition: Sports and recreational activities carried out in the time free from work or other duties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: olgeta-jarduera
alternative label: hobi @hr
alternative label: slobodne aktivnosti @hr
broader: recreation
narrower: mountaineering
narrower: local recreation
narrower: mass recreation
narrower: fishing
narrower: camping
narrower: holiday
narrower: skiing
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/945
narrower: game (play)
narrower: hunting

leisure time
type: Concept
definition: Time free from work or other duties; spare time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: astialdi
alternative label: dokolica @hr
broader: recreation
narrower: use of leisure time
related match: Leisure

lepidopteran
type: Concept
definition: A large order of scaly-winged insects, including the butterflies, skippers, and moths; adults are characterized by two pairs of membranous wings and sucking mouthparts, featuring a prominent, coiled proboscis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect
narrower: butterfly
related match: Lepidoptera
source: MGH

antifouling agent
type: Concept
definition: Agent that inhibits the growth of barnacles and other marine organisms on a ship's bottom (an antifouling paint or other coating). Organo-tin compounds have been the most often used agents in this application since they are effective against both soft and hard fouling organisms. However, in spite of their performance, they have a negative impact on the marine environment and their long half life in the environment, has prompted marine paint manufacturers to look for a nonpersistent alternative.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: corrosion inhibitor
related: fouling growth
related match: Biofouling
source: CED
source: OLIN

leukaemia
type: Concept
definition: A progressive, malignant disease of the blood forming organs; a distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human disease
related: cancer
related match: Leukemia
source: KOREN

levy
type: Concept
definition: A ratable portion of the produce of the property and labor of the individual citizens, taken by the nation, in the exercise of its sovereign rights, for the support of government, for the administration of the laws, and as the means for continuing in operation the various legitimate functions of the state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επιστράτευση @el
alternative label: είσπραξη φόρου @el
alternative label: kantaa veroja @fi
alternative label: namet @hr
alternative label: porez @hr
alternative label: taksa @hr
alternative label: doprinos @hr
alternative label: daň @sk
alternative label: poplatok @sk
alternative label: uttaxering @sv
alternative label: debitera @sv
alternative label: uttaxera @sv
broader: taxation
source: WESTS

lexicon
type: Concept
definition: The vocabulary of a particular sphere of activity, region, social class or individual, or the total set of morphemes or meaningful units of a language and its words.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sanasto @fi
broader: document type
source: OED

liability
type: Concept
definition: Subjection to a legal obligation. Liability is civil or criminal according to whether it is enforced by the civil or criminal courts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ενοχή @el
alternative label: obveza @hr
broader: civil law
narrower: environmental liability
narrower: liability for marine accidents
narrower: liability for nuclear damages
narrower: pollution liability
narrower: producer liability
narrower: product liability
source: JCU

liability for marine accidents
type: Concept
definition: Subjection to a legal obligation, such as financial recompense or ecological reparations, for any harm or damage inflicted on persons, property or the environment in the course of commercial or recreational activity in, on or near a sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: liability
source: BLD
source: RHW

liability for nuclear damages
type: Concept
definition: Subjection to a legal obligation, such as financial recompense or ecological reparations, for any harm or damage inflicted on persons, property or the environment during the production, use or transport of radioactive materials used as an energy source or in weaponry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: liability
source: BLD
source: MHD

liability legislation
type: Concept
definition: A law or body of laws enacted that pertains to or establishes an obligation, debt or responsibility for loss, penalty, evil, expense or burden.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislation
source: BLD
source: ISEP

library
type: Concept
definition: Place where books and other literary materials are kept.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
source: CED

licencing
type: Concept
definition: Any process of granting and certifying legal or administrative permission to a person or organization to pursue some occupation or to perform some activity or business.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lizentzia-emate
alternative label: izdavanje dozvola @hr
alternative label: licenciranje @hr
broader: legal procedure
narrower: licencing procedure
narrower: licencing obligation
related match: License
source: BLD

licencing procedure
type: Concept
definition: Procedures performed by administrative agencies in conjunction with issuance of various types of licences.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαδικασία @el
alternative label: lizentzia emateko prozedura
broader: licencing
source: BLACK

licencing obligation
type: Concept
definition: Obligation to obtain a permit to pursue an occupation or to carry on some business.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baimena izan behar
broader: licencing
source: WESTS

lichen
type: Concept
definition: Composite organisms formed by the symbiosis between species of fungi and an algae. They are either crusty patches or bushy growths on tree trunks, stone walls, roofs or garden paths. Because they have no actual roots they get their sustenance from the atmosphere and rainwater. Lichens play an important role in the detection and monitoring of pollution, especially sulphur dioxide, as they are highly sensitive to pollution and different species disappear if pollution reaches specific levels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cryptogam
source: WRIGHT

acidity degree
type: Concept
definition: The amount of acid present in a solution, often expressed in terms of pH.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: concentration (value)
narrower: acidity
narrower: basicity
narrower: pH-value
source: CED

life cycle
type: Concept
definition: The phases, changes, or stages through which an organism passes throughout its lifetime.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κύκλος ζωής @el
alternative label: livscykel @sv
broader: biological process
narrower: biological cycle
source: UNUN

life science
type: Concept
definition: A science based on living organisms collectively.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural science
narrower: scientific ecology
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9425
narrower: taxonomy
narrower: cytology
narrower: genetics
narrower: biology
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/971
narrower: ecology
source: CED

lifestyle
type: Concept
definition: The particular attitudes, habits or behaviour associated with an individual or group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biziera
alternative label: livsföring @sv
broader: social condition
narrower: custom and usage
narrower: time allocation
source: CED

light
type: Concept
definition: Electromagnetic radiation that is capable of causing a visual sensation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ελαφρύς (-ά, -ύ) @el
alternative label: svjetlost @hr
broader: radiation
broader: non-ionising radiation
source: CED

lighting
type: Concept
definition: The supply of illumination in streets or dwellings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: argiztatze
broader: public service
related: lamp
source: RRDA

separator of light liquids
type: Concept
definition: A mechanical device for separating and removing residues from fuel and lubricating oil from waste water coming from filling stations and industrial plants in order to avoid pollution of water bodies; this system is based on the different specific weights of water and fuel residues that float on the water and can be easily removed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: separator
source: RRDA

lignite
type: Concept
definition: Coal of relatively recent origin consisting of accumulated layers of partially decomposed vegetation, intermediate between peat and bituminous coal; often contains patterns from the wood from which it formed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fossil fuel
related: lignite mining
source: CED
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

lignite mining
type: Concept
definition: Extraction of brown coal from natural deposits; lignite is a brownish-black solid fuel in the second stage in the development of coal. It has a little over half the heating value of bituminous or anthracite coal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vađenje lignita @hr
broader: mining
related: lignite
source: KOREN

lime
type: Concept
definition: Any of various mineral and industrial forms of calcium oxide differing chiefly in water content and percentage of constituent such as silica, alumina and iron.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kalk @sv
broader: building material
source: AMHER

limestone
type: Concept
definition: A sedimentary rock consisting chiefly of calcium carbonate, primarily in the form of the mineral calcite and with or without magnesium carbonate. Limestones are formed by either organic or inorganic processes, and may be detrital, chemical, oolitic, earthy, crystalline, or recrystallized; many are highly fossiliferous and clearly represent ancient shell banks or coral reefs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: rock
related: natural stone
source: BJGEO

limit value
type: Concept
definition: A workplace exposure criterion or standard that determines if a facility or building has a concentration of a substance to which most workers can be exposed without harmful or adverse effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment criterion
source: HEG

antipollution incentive
type: Concept
definition: Financial reward or penalty used to incite action towards greater responsibility in reducing the presence of pollution or substances in the environment deemed harmful to human health or natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzioaren kontrako pizgarri
broader: environmental incentive
narrower: antipollution premium
source: ODE
source: TOE

limnology
type: Concept
definition: The study of bodies of fresh water with reference to their plant and animal life, physical properties, geographical features, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: CED

linear source of sound
type: Concept
definition: Point noise sources placed one after the other one as, for instance, in a row of cars moving on a road.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sound
source: VALAMB

liner material
type: Concept
definition: A layer of synthetic or natural materials, on the sides of or beneath a landfill, landfill cell or surface impoundment, that restricts the downward or lateral escape of liquids carrying leachate into the surrounding environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
source: ERG
source: ISEP

line source
type: Concept
definition: Line source means a one-dimensional source. An example of a line source is the particular emissions from a dirt road.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-iturri lineal
broader: source of pollution
source: LEE

lipid
type: Concept
definition: One of a class of compounds which contain long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, such as fatty acids, alcohols, amines, amino alcohols, and aldehydes; includes waxes, fats, and derived compounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
source: MGH

lipophilic substance
type: Concept
definition: Substances having an affinity for lipids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: unpolar substances, having affinity to fatty (unpolar) substances <D> @en
broader: chemical
source: CED

liquefied gas
type: Concept
definition: A gaseous compound or mixture converted to the liquid phase by cooling or compression; examples are liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquid oxygen, and liquid ammonia.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fuel
related match: Liquefied petroleum gas
source: MGH

liquid manure
type: Concept
definition: Any fertilizer substance with a moisture content of over ninety percent, usually consisting of animal excrement with water added.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tekući gnoj @hr
broader: manure
source: MUM

liquid state
type: Concept
definition: A state of matter intermediate between that of crystalline substances and gases in which a substance has the capacity to flow under extremely small shear stresses and conforms to the shape of a confining vessel, but is relatively incompressible, lacks the capacity to expand without limit, and can posses a free surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: likido-egoera
broader: state of matter
narrower: emulsion
related match: Liquid
source: MGH

liquid waste
type: Concept
definition: Fluid wastes, consisting of sewage and domestic wastewater, or processed water, or other liquids, produced by industrial activity, particularly by such industries as pulp and paper production, food processing, and the manufacture of chemicals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
narrower: whey
source: ISEP

literature
type: Concept
definition: Written material such as poetry, novels, essays, especially works of imagination characterized by excellence of style and expression and by themes of general or enduring interest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φιλολογία @el
alternative label: λογοτεχνία @el
alternative label: κείμενα @el
alternative label: literatura @hr
broader: cultural heritage
narrower: literature evaluation
source: CED

literature data bank
type: Concept
definition: A fund of information on a particular subject or group of related subjects, divided into discrete documents and usually stored in and used with a computer system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document
related: data base
source: RHW

literature evaluation
type: Concept
definition: The action of evaluating or judging the quality or character of written materials such as poetry, essays, novels, biographies and historical writings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: literature
related: research
source: RHW

literature study
type: Concept
definition: The identification, description, analysis and classification of books and other materials used or consulted in the preparation of a work.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: research
source: WEBSTE

lithosphere
type: Concept
definition: The solid portion of the Earth, as compared with the atmosphere and the hydrosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: mineral
narrower: sediment
narrower: rock
narrower: earth's crust
source: BJGEO

litter
type: Concept
definition: Straw, hay or similar material used as bedding by animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zakar
alternative label: zarama
broader: municipal waste
source: CED

littoral
type: Concept
definition: The intertidal zone of the seashore.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παράλιος @el
alternative label: itsasertz
alternative label: litoraalinen @fi
alternative label: rantamaa @fi
alternative label: pobrežné pásmo @sk
alternative label: kuststräcka @sv
alternative label: litoral @sv
alternative label: strand @sv
broader: coastal area
related match: Littoral zone
source: LBC

AOX value
type: Concept
definition: Organic halogens subject to absorption. This is a measure of the amount of chlorine (and other halogens) combined with organic compounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: količina adsorbilnih organskih halogena @hr
scope note: adsorbable organic halogens value @en
broader: parameter
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9214
source: PORT

livestock
type: Concept
definition: Cattle, horses, and similar animals kept for domestic use especially on a farm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ζώα @el
alternative label: azienda
alternative label: abere
alternative label: boskap @sv
broader: farm animal
narrower: cattle
narrower: animal for slaughter
related: livestock farming
source: CED

livestock breeding
type: Concept
definition: The raising of livestock by crossing different varieties to obtain new varieties with desired characteristics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: abelazkuntza
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
related: slaughtering of animals
source: PHC

livestock farming
type: Concept
definition: Breeding of cattle, horses and similar animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παραγωγή κτηνοτροφικών προϊόντων @el
alternative label: abelazkuntza
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/994
related: livestock
related: piggery
source: CED

living condition
type: Concept
definition: An element or characteristic of a habitation considered in light of its ability to sustain and promote the health and general well-being of occupants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social condition
source: RHW

living marine resource
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsas baliabide biologikoak
alternative label: biološki morski resurs @hr
broader: sea resource

living space
type: Concept
definition: Any room, structure or area used as a residence and associated with subsistence activities, including sleeping, relaxing or eating.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: socioeconomic aspect of human settlements
source: RHW

lizard
type: Concept
definition: Any reptile of the suborder Lacertilia, especially those of the family Lacertidae, typically having an elongated body, four limbs, and a small tail: includes the gechos, iguanas, chameleons, monitors, and slow worms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reptile
source: CED

load bearing capacity
type: Concept
definition: The maximum load that a system can support before failing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
source: LEE

local authority
type: Concept
definition: The power of a government agency or its administrators to administer and implement laws and government policies for a city, town or small district.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τοπική αρχή @el
alternative label: ΟΤΑ @el
alternative label: agintari lokal
broader: authority body
related match: Local government
source: BLD

apartment block
type: Concept
definition: An apartment building in which each apartment is individually wholly owned and the common areas are jointly owned.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: apartamentu-bloke
broader: residential building
related match: Tower block
source: CED

local finance
type: Concept
definition: The theory and practice of all public money matters pertaining to city, town or small district governments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ogasun lokal
broader: public finance
source: ODE
source: RHW

local government policy
type: Concept
definition: Any course of action adopted and pursued by a ruling political authority or system, which determines the affairs for a city, town, county or regional area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokiko gobernuaren politika
broader: government policy
source: RHW

teleheating
type: Concept
definition: The supply of heat, either in the form of steam or hot water, from a central source to a group of buildings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urrutiko berokuntza
alternative label: daljinsko grijanje @hr
broader: local heat supply
related match: District heating
source: MGH

local building material
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokiko eraikuntza-gai
broader: building material

local passenger service
type: Concept
definition: Passenger transport system for a limited local area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τοπική υπηρεσία εξυπηρέτησης @el
alternative label: tokiko bidaiari-zerbitzu
broader: transport system
source: RRDA

local traffic
type: Concept
definition: Traffic moving within a city, town, or area and subject to frequent stops, as distinguished from long distance traffic.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokiko zirkulazio
broader: traffic

location of industries
type: Concept
definition: The particular place that seems apt for the installation of a new plant; the choice of the site depends on a number of economic and environmental factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: site selection
source: GOOD

locomotive
type: Concept
definition: A self -propelled engine driven by steam, electricity or diesel power and used for drawing trains along railway tracks.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: railroad vehicle
source: CED

apiculture
type: Concept
definition: Large-scale commercial beekeeping.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erle-hazkuntza
broader: animal husbandry
related: bee
related match: Beekeeping
source: MGH

long-distance traffic
type: Concept
definition: Traffic moving over extended areas, great distances and usually not subject to frequent stops.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υπεραστική κυκλοφορία @el
broader: traffic

long-distance transport
type: Concept
definition: The conveyance of materials or commodities over land, water or through air in which a great distance is covered.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: freight transport
source: RHW

long-term effect
type: Concept
definition: Effects which will last long after the cause has ceased.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: epe luzeko ondorio
alternative label: dugotrajna posljedica @hr
broader: effect
narrower: long-term effect of pollutants
source: RRDA

long-term effect of pollutants
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen epe luzeko efektu
alternative label: dugotrajne posljedice onečišćujućih tvari @hr
broader: long-term effect

long-term experiment
type: Concept
definition: 1) Experiment lasting for a relatively long period of time. 2) Experiment whose results become effective after a long period of time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: epe luzeko saiakuntza
alternative label: dugoročni pokus/eksperiment @hr
broader: laboratory experiment
source: SHOOX

long-term forecasting
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of predicting and calculating the likely conditions or occurrences for an extended and future point in time, often involving the study and analysis of pertinent data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: epe luzeko iragarpen
broader: forecast
source: MHE
source: RHW

long-term trend
type: Concept
definition: The prevailing tendency or general direction expected for some observed value over a lengthy and extended period of time, often determined by studying and analyzing statistical data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dugoročni trend @hr
broader: trend
source: APD
source: RHW

lorry
type: Concept
definition: A large motor vehicle designed to carry heavy loads, especially one with a flat platform.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: motor vehicle
narrower: tanker (truck)
related match: Truck
source: CED

loss
type: Concept
definition: The result of a business operation where overhead costs are greater than the receipts or income.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ζημία @el
alternative label: poslovni gubitak @hr
broader: balance (economic)
source: ISEP
source: ODE

loss of biotope
type: Concept
definition: Destruction of biotopes produced by environmental degradation which in turn is caused by air- or water-borne pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental change
source: WPR

loudness
type: Concept
definition: The magnitude of the physiological sensation produced by a sound, which varies directly with the physical intensity of sound but also depends on frequency of sound and waveform.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acoustic level
related: parameter
source: MGH

low-cost housing
type: Concept
definition: Residences built at minimal expense and designed to keep the rental rate or price of purchase affordable for persons with limited means, usually determined by an annual income level set below the local median.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poticana stanogradnja @hr
broader: social facility
source: NAH

appeal
type: Concept
definition: Resort to a superior court to review the decision of an inferior court or administrative agency.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: priziv @hr
broader: ruling
source: BLACK

Lower House
type: Concept
definition: The body of a bicameral legislature composed of representatives elected by the general populace and organized into electorates or districts, each comprising an equal number of citizens.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Parliament
source: CIV

lower risk species (IUCN)
type: Concept
definition: Animals, birds, fish, plants or other living organisms that have been deemed as not being in danger of extinction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: είδος που διατρέχει μικρότερο @el
broader: category of endangered species
related match: Conservation Dependent
source: OED
source: TOE

low flow
type: Concept
definition: Phase of lowest level of a water course.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrologic cycle
related match: Baseflow
source: ZINZAN

low-level flight
type: Concept
definition: Flying at low altitude.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air traffic
related: military activities
related: noise pollution
source: RRDA

appeal procedure
type: Concept
definition: Procedure through which it is possible to resort to a superior court to review the decision of an inferior court.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prizivni postupak @hr
broader: legal procedure
source: BLACK

low-level technology
type: Concept
definition: Any relatively unsophisticated technical equipment or method with an amplitude or functionality below what is available in a similar or comparable system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental technology
source: APD
source: RHW

lubricant
type: Concept
definition: A substance used to reduce friction between parts or objects in relative motion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lubrikant @hr
broader: industrial product
narrower: mineral oil
source: MGH

luminosity
type: Concept
definition: The functional relationship between stellar magnitude and the number and distribution of stars of each magnitude interval. Also known as relative luminosity factor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: valoteho @fi
alternative label: värin kirkkaus @fi
alternative label: blistavost @hr
alternative label: luminositet @sv
broader: physical property
source: MGH
source: UVAROV

applied ecology
type: Concept
definition: The application of ecological principles to the solution of human problems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
source: PARCOR

lye
type: Concept
definition: The alkaline solution that is obtained from the leaching of wood ashes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ισχυρό αλκαλικό διάλυμα @el
alternative label: lug @hr
broader: chemical product
source: MGH

lymphatic system
type: Concept
definition: A system of vessels and nodes conveying lymph in the vertebrate body, beginning with capillaries in tissue spaces and eventually forming the thoracic ducts which empty in the subclavian veins.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lymfsystem @sv
broader: anatomy
source: MGH

lysimetry
type: Concept
definition: The measurement of the water percolating through soils and the determination of the materials dissolved by the water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: laboratory technique
related: soil analysis
source: MGH

applied nutrition
type: Concept
definition: Putting to use general principles of the science of human nourishment to address or solve specific problems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nutrition
narrower: food requirement
narrower: adequate food supply
source: MED

machine manufacture
type: Concept
definition: The making or production of mechanical apparatuses used for commercial or industrial purposes, such as engines and turbines, elevators and conveying equipment, computers and office equipment, and hoists, cranes and industrial trucks.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: strojogradnja @hr
broader: mechanical industry
source: SIC
source: RHW

macroeconomic goal
type: Concept
definition: An aim or objective pertaining to the production, distribution and use of income, wealth and commodities in a country, region or other large area, typically concerned with governmental fiscal and monetary policy as it affects employment, consumption, investment and growth levels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: goal of individual economic business
source: ODE

macroeconomics
type: Concept
definition: Modern economic analysis that is concerned with data inaggregate as opposed to individual form such as national income, consumption and investment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economics
source: CED
source: GREENW

applied science
type: Concept
definition: Science whose results are employed in technical applications.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: science
narrower: agronomy
narrower: ergonomics
narrower: economics
narrower: astronautics
narrower: materials science
narrower: engineering
narrower: agricultural hydraulics
source: ZINZAN

magnetic tape
type: Concept
definition: A plastic, paper, or metal tape that is coated or impregnated with magnetizable iron oxide particles, used in magnetic recording.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: data carrier
source: MGH

magnetism
type: Concept
definition: A class of physical phenomena associated with moving electricity, including the mutual mechanical forces among magnets and electric currents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
source: BJGEO

mailing list
type: Concept
definition: A series of addresses or e-mail addresses to which solicited or unsolicited mass mailings can be sent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: popis adresa elektroničke pošte @hr
broader: information infrastructure
source: RHW

maintenance of environment
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: intervention on land

major accident
type: Concept
definition: An unexpected occurrence, failure or loss beyond normal or specified levels with the potential for harming human life, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: katastrofa @hr
alternative label: teška nesreća @hr
broader: accident
narrower: nuclear accident
related: catastrophe
source: HMD
source: TOE

malaria
type: Concept
definition: A group of human febrile diseases with a chronic relapsing course caused by hemosporidian blood parasites of the genus Plasmodium, transmitted by the bite of Anopheles mosquito.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: paludismo
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9426
source: MGH

malformation
type: Concept
definition: Permanent structural change that may adversely affect survival, development or function.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαμαρτία διάπλασης @el
alternative label: δυσμορφία @el
broader: human disease
related: genotoxicity
related match: Congenital disorder
source: KOREN

malnutrition
type: Concept
definition: Defective nutrition due to inadequate intake of nutrients or to their faulty digestion, assimilation or metabolism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κακή διατροφή @el
alternative label: pothranjenost @hr
alternative label: näringsbrist @sv
alternative label: felnäring @sv
broader: food requirement
related: effect on health
source: MGH

appropriate technology
type: Concept
definition: 1) A flexible and participatory approach to developing economically viable, regionally applicable and sustainable technology. 2) Technology designed to be used in developing countries. Typical requirements are that it should: be easy to use by the unskilled; have no difficult-to-get parts; be easily repaired on the spot. Typical example: a simple windmill to pump water rather than a diesel-driven pump. The terms `alternative', `intermediate' and `appropriate' are often used interchangeably.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: teknologia apropos
alternative label: primjerena tehnologija @hr
alternative label: prikladna tehnologija @hr
scope note: techology transfer @en
broader: environmental technology
source: IISD
source: VCN

mammal
type: Concept
definition: Any animal of the Mammalia, a large class of warm-blooded vertebrates having mammary glands in the female, a thoracic diaphragm, and a four-chambered heart. The class includes the whales, carnivores, rodents, bats, primates, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vertebrate
narrower: carnivore
narrower: rodent
narrower: insectivore
narrower: aquatic mammal
narrower: primate
narrower: ungulate
narrower: land mammal
narrower: cetacean
narrower: chiropteran
source: CED

man (society)
type: Concept
definition: A member of the human race.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gizon-emakumeak
alternative label: pertsona
alternative label: mies @fi
alternative label: människa @sv
broader: population structure
source: MGH

management
type: Concept
definition: Government, control, superintendence, physical or manual handling or guidance; act of managing by direction or regulation, or administration, as management of family, or of household, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διοικητική @el
alternative label: διεύθυνση @el
alternative label: διοίκηση @el
alternative label: gestio
alternative label: vođenje @hr
alternative label: gospodarenje @hr
alternative label: upravljanje @hr
alternative label: hushållning @sv
alternative label: ledning @sv
narrower: chain management
narrower: human settlement management
narrower: policy instrument
narrower: touristic activity management
narrower: management technique
narrower: fisheries management
narrower: integrated management
narrower: energy management
narrower: agricultural management
narrower: decision process
related: environmental management
source: BLACK

management contract
type: Concept
definition: A legal agreement between two or more parties of employers and workers that outlines the administrative or supervisory work that is expected in exchange for certain payments and working conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διοικητική σύμβαση @el
alternative label: johtamissopimus @fi
broader: decision process
source: ODE

management of natural resources
type: Concept
definition: Planned use of natural resources, in particular of non-renewable resources, in accordance with principles that assure their optimum long-term economic and social benefits.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natur baliabideen kudeaketa
alternative label: gospodarenje prirodnim resursima @hr
broader: resources management
source: MUCK

management plan
type: Concept
definition: A program of action designed to reach a given set of objectives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διοικητικό σχέδιο @el
alternative label: plan gospodarenja @hr
broader: plan
source: LANDY

mandate
type: Concept
definition: A command or authorization to act in a particular way given by an administrator to a subordinate, a court to a lower court or an electorate to its representative.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: valtakirja, valtuutus @fi
alternative label: mandat @hr
alternative label: nalog @hr
broader: administrative competence
source: RHW

mangrove
type: Concept
definition: Plant communities and trees that inhabit tidal swamps, muddy silt, and sand banks at the mouths of rivers and other low-lying areas which are regularly inundated by the sea, but which are protected from strong waves and currents. Mangroves are the only woody species that will grow where the land is periodically flooded with sea water; individual species have adapted themselves to different tidal levels, to various degrees of salinity, and to the nature of the mud or soil. Mangrove swamps and thickets support hundreds of terrestrial, marine, and amphibian species; have a special role in supporting estuarine fisheries; provide shelter, refuge and food for many forms of wildlife.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mangrovo drvo @hr
broader: aquatic plant
source: GILP96

mangrove swamp
type: Concept
definition: A wet, spongy area of land in tropical climates and along coastal regions that is dominated by mangrove trees and shrubs, particularly red mangroves (Rhizophora), black mangroves (Avicennia) and white mangroves (Laguncularia).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: swamp
related match: Mangrove
source: FFD

approval of installations
type: Concept
definition: Authorization or permission for setting up or making adjustments to a building or to a mechanical or electrical system or apparatus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: decision process
source: OED

man-made climate change
type: Concept
definition: Man-made climate changes may be due to the greenhouse effect and other human activities. A change in albedo of the land brought about by desertification and deforestation affects the amount of solar energy absorbed at the earth's surface. Man-made aerosols produced from the sulphur released from power stations can modify clouds. Changes in ozone levels in the stratosphere due to CFCs may influence climate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gizakiak eragindako klima-aldaketa
broader: climatic effect
related: anthropic activity
related: climatic change
source: WRIGHT

man-nature relationship
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: group behaviour
narrower: environmentally responsible behaviour
narrower: green revolution
narrower: return to nature
narrower: environmentalism
narrower: environmental citizenship
related: environmental awareness

manpower
type: Concept
definition: 1) The power generated by a man working. 2) The number of people available for work, service, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: snaga čovjeka @hr
broader: labour market
narrower: active population

manufacturing activity
type: Concept
definition: Activities connected with the processing of raw material into a finished product, especially by means of a large-scale industrial operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: instrument manufacture
source: AMHER

manufacturing trade
type: Concept
definition: The process or act of exchanging, buying or selling any manufactured product, or the raw materials for any manufacturing process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: trade (services)
source: ISEP
source: RHW

manure
type: Concept
definition: Animal excreta collected from stables and barnyards with or without litter; used to enrich the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυσικό λίπασμα @el
alternative label: sats
alternative label: gorotz
alternative label: lannoittaa (karjanlannalla) @fi
broader: fertiliser
narrower: animal manure
narrower: liquid manure
narrower: green manure
related: animal excrement
source: MGH

manure production
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailu-produkzio
alternative label: ongailu-ekoizpen
alternative label: ongarri-produkzio
broader: agricultural method
related: compost

aquaculture
type: Concept
definition: 1) The cultivation and harvest of freshwater or marine animals and plants, in ponds, tanks, cages or on protected beds. This is usually done in inland waters, estuaries or coastal waters. It is estimated that commercial fish farming accounts for more than 10% of the world's fish needs. Fish farming usually concentrates on molluscs, including oysters, mussels and clams, because they are usually immobile and fetch high prices. Shrimps and salmon are also farmed, but the stock have to be caught in the wild first, so that they can be brought up to commercial standards in pens. Aquaculture in not new. In Asia freshwater fish have been farmed for some 4.000 years, usually on small farms. 2) The use of artificial means to increase the production of aquatic organisms in fresh or salt water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kalanviljely @fi
broader: animal husbandry
narrower: shellfish farming
narrower: fish farming
narrower: mariculture
narrower: spawning ground
narrower: mussel farming
related: environmental impact of aquaculture
source: LANDY
source: WRIGHT

map
type: Concept
definition: A representation, normally on a flat medium, that displays the physical and political features of a surface area of the earth, showing them in their respective forms, sizes and relationships according to some convention of representation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: karta
alternative label: zemljovid @hr
broader: geographical projection
narrower: urban ecology charter
narrower: soil map
narrower: chart (nautical)
narrower: map chart
source: RHW

mapping
type: Concept
definition: The process of making a map of an area; especially the field work necessary for the production of a map.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izrada zemljovida @hr
alternative label: izrada karata @hr
alternative label: avbildning @sv
alternative label: kartläggning @sv
broader: monitoring technique
narrower: mapping of lichens
source: BJGEO

mapping of lichens
type: Concept
definition: Maps of lichens distribution indicating air quality. Fruticose lichens (with branched structures well above the surface) are more susceptible to SO2 damage than foliose lichens (whose leaflike thallus lies nearly flat on surface) and both in turn are more susceptible than crustose lichens (which embed their tissue in the cracks of bark, soil, or rocks). The use of morphological lichen types as indicators of air pollution concentrations is well developed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mapping
source: WESTM

marble
type: Concept
definition: Metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized calcite or dolomite.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prekambrikalkkikivi @fi
alternative label: marmoroida @fi
broader: rock
related: natural stone
source: MGH

marginal land
type: Concept
definition: Low quality land the value of whose production barely covers its cultivation costs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial area
source: PAENS

mariculture
type: Concept
definition: Cultivation of marine organisms in their natural habitats, usually for commercial purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aquaculture
source: AMHER

marina
type: Concept
definition: A small port that is used for pleasure rather than trade, often with hotels, restaurants and bars.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laket-portu
alternative label: lučica @hr
alternative label: småbåtshamn @sv
alternative label: strandpromenad @sv
broader: harbour
source: CAMB

marine biology
type: Concept
definition: A branch of biology that deals with those living organisms which inhabit the sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: MGH

marine conservation area
type: Concept
definition: Any section of a sea or ocean designated for special protection, often to prevent or reduce harm to its wildlife and ecosystems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
source: RHW

aquatic animal
type: Concept
definition: Animal having a water habitat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: animalia urtar
broader: animal
broader: aquatic organism
narrower: shellfish
narrower: marine mammal
source: RRDA

marine ecology
type: Concept
definition: An integrative science that studies the basic structural and functional relationships within and among living populations and their physical-chemical environments in marine ecosystems. Marine ecology focuses on specific organisms as well as on particular environments or physical settings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
related match: Marine biology
source: PARCOR

marine ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Any marine environment, from pond to ocean, in which plants and animals interact with the chemical and physical features of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: morski ekološki sustav @hr
broader: aquatic ecosystem
narrower: benthic ecosystem
source: GILP96

marine engineering
type: Concept
definition: The design, construction, installation, operation, and maintenance of main power plants, as well as the associated auxiliary machinery and equipment, for the propulsion of ships.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engineering
source: MGH

marine environment
type: Concept
definition: Marine environments include estuaries, coastal marine and nearshore zones, and open-ocean-deep-sea regions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural environment
related match: Ocean
source: PARCOR

marine fauna
type: Concept
definition: Animals which live in the sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fauna itsastar
alternative label: morske životinje @hr
broader: fauna
source: PHC

marine fishery
type: Concept
definition: The harvest of animals and plants from the ocean to provide food and recreation for people, food for animals, and a variety of organic materials for industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fishery
narrower: open sea fishing
narrower: coastal fishing
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9305
narrower: drift net fishing
narrower: deep sea fishing
source: PARCOR

marine geology
type: Concept
definition: That aspect of the study of the ocean that deals specifically with the ocean floor and the ocean-continent border, including submarine relief features, the geochemistry and petrology of the sediments and rocks of the ocean bottom and the influence of seawater and waves on the ocean bottom and its materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geology
source: BJGEO

aquatic ecology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the relationships among aquatic living organisms and between those organisms and their environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vodena ekologija @hr
alternative label: akvatična ekologija @hr
broader: scientific ecology
related match: Aquatic ecosystem
source: ALL

marine monitoring
type: Concept
definition: The assessment of marine pollution by an integrated chemical, ecological and toxicological survey.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9196
source: ENVAR

marine organism
type: Concept
definition: Organisms which live in sea water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aquatic organism
narrower: marine mammal
related match: Marine biology
source: PHC

marine pollution
type: Concept
definition: Any detrimental alteration of the marine environment caused by the intentional or accidental release of dangerous or toxic substances, such as industrial, commercial and urban waste water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsas kutsadura
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9202
narrower: sea outfall
related: deep-sea disposal
source: GREMES

marine reserve
type: Concept
definition: Sea area where marine wildlife is protected.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected marine zone
source: PHC

marine resources conservation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsas baliabideen kontserbazio
broader: resource conservation
related match: Marine conservation

marine sediment
type: Concept
definition: Solid fragmental material, originated from weathering of rocks, that has settled down from a state of suspension in the water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: morski talog @hr
broader: sediment
related match: Pelagic sediments
source: BJGEO

aquatic ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Any watery environment, from small to large, from pond to ocean, in which plants and animals interact with the chemical and physical features of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekosistema urtar
alternative label: vodni ekosustav @hr
broader: ecosystem type
narrower: estuarine ecosystem
narrower: freshwater ecosystem
narrower: marine ecosystem
narrower: coastal ecosystem
source: GILP96

maritime law
type: Concept
definition: That system of law which particularly relates to marine commerce and navigation, to business transacted at sea or relating to navigation, to ships and shipping, to seamen, to the transportation of persons and property by sea, and to marine affairs generally.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sjölag @sv
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: flag of convenience
related match: Admiralty law
source: BLACK

maritime navigation
type: Concept
definition: Travelling on the sea by means of boats, ships, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: navigation
source: CED

maritime transport
type: Concept
definition: Transportation of goods or persons by means of ships travelling on the sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pomorski transport @hr
alternative label: pomorski prijevoz @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9245
related match: Ship transport
source: CED

marker
type: Concept
definition: 1) Small amount of an easily detected substance that can be used to follow and quantify the flow of materials or movement of organisms not otherwise visible or detectable by ordinary means. 2) An isotope of an element, a small amount of which may be incorporated into a sample of material in order to follow the course of that element through a chemical, biological, or physical process, and thus also follow the larger sample. The tracer may be radioactive, in which case observations are made by measuring the radioactivity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δείκτης @el
alternative label: σημαντήρας @el
alternative label: σηματοδότης @el
alternative label: ilmaisin @fi
alternative label: leimauskone @fi
alternative label: markör @sv
broader: biological monitoring
narrower: biomarker
source: ECHO1

tracer
type: Concept
definition: A minute quantity of radioactive isotope used in medicine or biology to study the chemical changes within living tissues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: spårningsämne @sv
broader: biological monitoring
narrower: radioactive tracer
source: KOREN

market
type: Concept
definition: Place of commercial activity in which articles are bought and sold. Also purchase and sale. In a limited sense market is the range of bid and asked prices reported by brokers making the market in over-the-counter securities. Also the demand for any particular article.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economy
narrower: factor market
narrower: internal European market
narrower: scrap material market
narrower: energy market
narrower: market form
source: WESTS

market economy
type: Concept
definition: A mixed economy that relies heavily on markets to answer the three basic questions of allocation, but with a modest amount of government involvement. While it is commonly termed capitalism, market-oriented economy is much more descriptive of how the economy is structured.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tržišna ekonomija @hr
broader: economic system
source: AMOS2

market form
type: Concept
definition: The organizational form or structure of the trade or traffic of a particular commodity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: market
related match: Market structure
source: ISEP
source: RHW

marketing
type: Concept
definition: A related group of business activities whose purpose is to satisfy the demands for goods and services of consumers, businesses and government. The marketing process includes estimating the demand, producing the product, pricing the product to satisfy profit criteria, and promoting and distributing the product.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διάθεση στην αγορά @el
alternative label: αγοραστική (μάρκετινγκ) @el
alternative label: avsättning @sv
alternative label: försäljning @sv
alternative label: saluföring @sv
broader: economy
narrower: market research
source: GREENW

market research
type: Concept
definition: The systematic gathering, recording, computing, and analysing of data about problems relating to the sale and distribution of goods and services for certain time periods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: opinionsundersökning @sv
broader: marketing
source: GREENW

marsupial
type: Concept
definition: Type of Australian mammal with a pouch in which the young are carried. Marsupials give birth to young at a much earlier stage of development than other mammals so that the young need to be protected in the mother's pouch for some months until they become able to look after themselves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vertebrate
source: PHC

mass media
type: Concept
definition: The means of communication that reach large numbers of people, such as television, newspapers, magazines and radio.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ΜΜΕ @el
alternative label: komunikabide
alternative label: masovni mediji @hr
alternative label: mas-mediji @hr
alternative label: masmediji @hr
broader: means of communication
narrower: television
narrower: radio
narrower: speech
narrower: press
source: CED

aquatic mammal
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ugaztun urtar
broader: mammal
narrower: marine mammal

mass recreation
type: Concept
definition: A pastime, diversion, exercise or other means of enjoyment and relaxation that is shared with or performed by a large number of people.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jende askorentzako olgeta-jarduera
broader: leisure activity
source: RHW

separation
type: Concept
definition: The separation of one substance from another when they are intimately mixed. For example the removal of oil from water, or gas from oil or oil from gas, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαλογή @el
alternative label: αποκόλληση @el
alternative label: αποχωρισμός @el
broader: physical process
broader: industrial process
related: dialysis
related: centrifugation
related: electrolysis
related: separator
related: filtration
related: purification
related: sieving
source: BRACK

mass transport (physics)
type: Concept
definition: The movement of matter in a medium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aineensiirto @fi
broader: transport (physics)
source: MGH

material
type: Concept
definition: The substance of which a product is made or composed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gai
alternative label: tvar @hr
narrower: properties of materials
narrower: raw material
narrower: building material
narrower: natural material
source: CED

balance of matter
type: Concept
definition: A calculation to inventory material inputs versus outputs in a process system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological parameter
narrower: nutrient balance
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9149
source: MGH

material life cycle
type: Concept
definition: All the stages involved in the manufacturing, distribution and retail, use and re-use and maintenance, recycling and waste management of materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
narrower: product life cycle
source: PORT

materials science
type: Concept
definition: The study of the nature, behaviour, and use of materials applied to science and technology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: applied science
broader: science
narrower: economics
narrower: engineering
source: MGH

testing of materials
type: Concept
definition: The complex of tests performed in order to ascertain the characteristics and behaviour of materials; they are classified in physical and chemical tests, mechanical tests and technological tests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: materialen proba
broader: testing method
source: DIZSCT
source: MGH

mathematical analysis
type: Concept
definition: The branch of mathematics most explicitly concerned with the limit process or the concept of convergence; includes the theories of differentiation, integration and measure, infinite series, and analytic functions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
narrower: systems analysis
related: calculation method
source: MGH

mathematical method
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: simulation

acid rain
type: Concept
definition: Rain having a pH less than 5.6. The acidity results from chemical reactions occurring when water, sulphur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, generally released by industrial processes, are chemically transformed into sulphuric and nitric acids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric pollution
related: acidification
related: acid deposition
source: DUNSTE

aquatic micro-organism
type: Concept
definition: Microorganisms having a water habitat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mikroorganismo urtar
broader: micro-organism
source: MGH

maximum admissible concentration
type: Concept
definition: The maximum exposure to a physical or chemical agent allowed in an 8-hour work day to prevent disease or injury.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
related: health-environment relationship
related: health hazard
source: KOREN

maximum immission concentration
type: Concept
definition: The maximum concentration of air polluting substances in the free environment whose impact when of specified duration and frequency is not objectionable to man, fauna and flora.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
related: health-environment relationship
related: health hazard
source: ECHO2

aquatic organism
type: Concept
definition: Organisms which live in water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: organismo urtar
broader: organism
narrower: fish
narrower: freshwater organism
narrower: plankton
narrower: benthos
narrower: aquatic animal
narrower: marine organism
source: PHC

meadow
type: Concept
definition: Strictly a term for a field of permanent grass used for hay, but also applied to rich, waterside grazing areas that are not suitable for arable cultivation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λιβάδι @el
alternative label: larre
alternative label: belaze
broader: grassland
narrower: salt meadow
source: GOOD

transportation mean
type: Concept
definition: Vehicles used for transferring people or goods from one place to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συγκοινωνιακό μέσο @el
alternative label: transportation means @en
narrower: vehicle
source: RRDA

measuring
type: Concept
definition: The ability of the analytical method or protocol to quantify as well as identify the presence of the substance in question.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: neurtze
broader: methodology
narrower: chemical measurement of pollution
narrower: measuring programme
narrower: pollution measurement
narrower: noise measurement
narrower: physical measurement of pollution
narrower: sound measurement
related: measuring instrument
related: monitoring
related match: Measurement
source: LEE

measuring method
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metoda mjerenja @hr
broader: method
narrower: measuring programme

measuring programme
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: measuring method
broader: measuring

meat
type: Concept
definition: The edible flesh of animals, especially that of mammals as opposed to that of fish or a nut.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: okela
broader: foodstuff
source: AMHER
source: MGH

mechanical engineering
type: Concept
definition: The branch of engineering concerned with the design, construction, and operation of machines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engineering
source: CED

medical science
type: Concept
definition: The science and art of treating and healing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: läkarvetenskap @sv
broader: science
narrower: virology
narrower: cardiology
narrower: pathology
narrower: immunology
narrower: food science
narrower: epidemiology
narrower: pharmacology
narrower: oncology
narrower: toxicology
narrower: eco-paediatrics
narrower: pharmacokinetics
narrower: psychology
narrower: endocrinology
narrower: haematology
narrower: bacteriology
related: medicine (practice)
related match: Medicine
source: MGH

discarded medicinal drug
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: merkatutik erretiratutako sendagai
alternative label: medicinski otpad @hr
broader: pharmaceutical waste

medicinal plant
type: Concept
definition: Plants having therapeutic properties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant (biology)
related: drug (medicine)
related match: Herbalism
source: CED

aquatic plant
type: Concept
definition: Plants adapted for a partially or completely submerged life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landare urtar
broader: plant (biology)
narrower: mangrove
source: LBC

medicine (practice)
type: Concept
definition: The science and art of treating and healing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: traditional health care
narrower: environmental medicine
narrower: social medicine
narrower: veterinary medicine
narrower: health care profession
narrower: industrial medicine
related: health service
related: medical science
source: MGH

Mediterranean Area
type: Concept
definition: The collective islands and countries of the inland sea between Europe, Africa and Asia that is linked to the Atlantic Ocean at its western end by the Strait of Gibraltar and includes the Tyrrhenian, Adriatic, Aegean and Ionian seas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Mediterraneoko eskualde
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
narrower: Mediterranean Sea
related match: Mediterranean Basin
source: RHW

Mediterranean wood
type: Concept
definition: A plant formation found in the Mediterranean area comprising mainly lowgrowing, xerophilous evergreen trees and shrubs. It results mainly from the deterioration of the original vegetation by grazing and burning.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan mediterraneo
alternative label: mediteranska šuma @hr
alternative label: makija @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9349
source: ALL

melting
type: Concept
definition: A change of the state of a substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase. Also known as fusion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urtze
alternative label: taljenje @hr
broader: physical process
source: MGH

membrane
type: Concept
definition: A thin tissue that encloses or lines biological cells, organs, or other structures. It consists of a double layer of lipids with protein molecules between the two layers. Membranes are permeable to water and fat-soluble substances but not to such polar molecules as sugars.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υμένας @el
alternative label: membrana @hr
broader: tissue
source: UVAROV

mental effect
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human disease
narrower: psychic effect
narrower: psychological effect

mercury
type: Concept
notation: Hg
definition: A heavy silvery-white toxic liquid metallic element occurring principally in cinnabar: used in thermometers, barometers, mercury-vapour lamps, and dental amalgams.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
related: heavy metal
related: amalgam
source: CED

mercury contamination
type: Concept
definition: The presence and release into the air, water and soil of mercury, a naturally occurring heavy metal element, by both natural occurrences such as vaporization and human activities such as burning coal, mining and smelting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: merkurio-kutsadura
broader: chemical contamination
source: EEN
source: FFD

aquatic recreational amenity
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uretako olgeta-jarduerak
broader: sports facility

metabolism
type: Concept
definition: All the chemical reactions that take place in a living organism, comprising both anabolism and catabolism. Basal metabolism is the energy exchange of an animal at rest. Catabolism is the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones. Catabolism is the breaking down by organisms of complex molecules into simpler ones with the liberation of energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal life
narrower: bioluminescence
narrower: respiration
narrower: transpiration
narrower: biosynthesis
narrower: metabolite
narrower: assimilation
narrower: mineralisation
source: ALL

metabolism of pesticides
type: Concept
definition: The sum of chemical reactions, including both synthesis and breakdown, that occurs in substances or mixtures intended to prevent, destroy or mitigate pests that are directly or indirectly detrimental to harvest crops and other humans interests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: behaviour of substances
source: IPC
source: SOI
source: DOE
source: TOE

metabolite
type: Concept
definition: A product of intermediary metabolism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metabolism
source: MGH

metainformation
type: Concept
definition: Data assembled to describe or define another body of data, a document or any information element.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταπληροφόρηση @el
alternative label: metadata @sv
broader: information processing
related match: Meta-information
source: WIC

metal finishing
type: Concept
definition: A process in which a chemical or some other substance is applied to metals as a way to clean, protect, alter or modify appearance or physical properties, especially surface properties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metal working
source: MHD

aqueduct
type: Concept
definition: A channel for supplying water; often underground, but treated architecturally on high arches when crossing valleys or low ground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υδαταγωγός @el
alternative label: ubide
alternative label: vattenledning @sv
broader: hydraulic construction
related: hydraulic engineering
source: HARRIS

metallic mineral
type: Concept
definition: Minerals containing metals, such as bauxite, pyrite, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metal-mea
broader: mineral
narrower: non-ferrous metal
source: RRDA

metallurgical industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry concerned with the extraction, refining, alloying and fabrication of metals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος της μεταλλουργίας @el
broader: industry
narrower: non-ferrous metal industry
narrower: aluminium industry
narrower: iron and steel industry
related match: Metallurgy
source: CED

metal oxide
type: Concept
definition: Any binary compound in which oxygen is combined with one or more metal atoms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metal-oxido
broader: inorganic substance
narrower: titanium dioxide
related match: Oxide
source: MHD

metal plating
type: Concept
definition: Forming a thin, adherent layer of metal on an object.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metal working
source: MGH

aquifer
type: Concept
definition: Layers of rock, sand or gravel that can absorb water and allow it to flow. An aquifer acts as a groundwater reservoir when the underlying rock is impermeable. This may be tapped by wells for domestic, agricultural or industrial use. A serious environmental problem arises when the aquifer is contaminated by the seepage of sewage or toxins from waste dumps. If the groundwater in coastal areas is over-used salt water can seep into the aquifer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9151
source: WRIGHT

metal product
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metalezko produktu
alternative label: metallprodukt @sv
broader: industrial product
narrower: steel

metal products industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry related with the primary metal processing and fabricated metal products manufacturing. The most important end uses of the products of the metals industries are automobiles, machinery, appliances, electrical equipment, structures, furniture, and containers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metal-produktuen industria
alternative label: metalna industrija @hr
broader: industry
narrower: ironwork industry
source: PZ

metal
type: Concept
definition: An opaque crystalline material usually of high strength with good electrical and thermal conductivities, ductility and reflectivity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
narrower: heavy metal
narrower: non-metal
narrower: semi-metal
related: toxic metal
related: alloy
related: non-ferrous metal
source: MGH

metal smelting
type: Concept
definition: A metallurgical process in which ore mixtures are heated above melting point to extract or yield a crude metal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metalen galdatze
alternative label: metalen urtze
broader: metal working
related match: Smelting
source: APD

metal working
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
narrower: metal finishing
narrower: metal plating
narrower: metal smelting
related match: Metalworking

meteorological disaster
type: Concept
definition: Violent, sudden and destructive change to the environment related to, produced by, or affecting the earth's atmosphere, especially the weather-forming processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural disaster
related: cyclone
related: storm damage
related: tornado
source: ISEP

meteorological forecasting
type: Concept
definition: A branch of science that studies the dynamics of the atmosphere and the direct effects of the atmosphere upon the Earth's surface, oceans and inhabitants, focusing particularly on weather and weather conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: forecast
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9278
source: EEN
source: INP
source: NOA

meteorological parameter
type: Concept
definition: Variables, such as pressure, temperature, wind strength, humidity, etc. from which conclusions as to the forthcoming weather are drawn.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
related match: Visual meteorological conditions
source: UVAROV

meteorological phenomenon
type: Concept
definition: Phenomena which occur in the troposphere and stratosphere, such as precipitations, wind, temperature, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climate
narrower: hurricane
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9327
narrower: frost
narrower: atmospheric precipitation
narrower: mist
narrower: fog
narrower: storm
narrower: cyclone
narrower: hail
narrower: cloud
narrower: haze
narrower: glaze
narrower: typhoon
narrower: tornado
narrower: drought
narrower: atmospheric inversion
related match: List of meteorological phenomena
source: RRDA

meteorology
type: Concept
definition: The science concerned with the atmosphere and its phenomena.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: znanost o vremenu @hr
broader: atmospheric science
narrower: hydrometeorology
narrower: agrometeorology
source: MGH

methane
type: Concept
notation: CH4
definition: A colourless, odourless, and tasteless gas, lighter than air and reacting violently with chlorine and bromine in sunlight, a chief component of natural gas; used as a source of methanol, acetylene, and carbon monoxide. Also known as methyl hydride.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: alkane
related: biogas
related: natural gas
source: MGH

acid
type: Concept
definition: A compound capable of transferring a hydrogen ion in solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
narrower: hydrochloric acid
narrower: diluted acid
source: MGH

methodology
type: Concept
definition: The system of methods and principles used in a particular discipline.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: metod @sv
narrower: method
narrower: dendrometry
narrower: microscopy
narrower: ringing (wildlife)
narrower: analysis programme
narrower: calculation
narrower: dating
narrower: telemetry
narrower: measuring
narrower: laboratory technique
source: CED

arable farming
type: Concept
definition: Growing crops as opposed to dairy farming, cattle farming, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ratarstvo @hr
broader: farming technique
related match: Arable
source: PHC

metropolis
type: Concept
definition: A term applied loosely to any large city, but specifically to that city in a country which is the seat of government, of ecclesiastical authority, or of commercial activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prijestolnica @hr
alternative label: metropola @hr
alternative label: storstad @sv
alternative label: huvudstad @sv
broader: urban area
source: GOOD

microbial resource
type: Concept
definition: Any available source of supply derived from microbes, which would be used for beneficial purposes, such as for the production of food substances and drugs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological resource
source: APD

microbiological analysis
type: Concept
definition: Analysis for the identification of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μικροβιολογική εξέταση @el
broader: biological analysis
source: RRDA

microbiology
type: Concept
definition: The science and study of microorganisms, including protozoans, algae, fungi, bacteria, viruses, and rickettsiae.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: MGH

microclimate
type: Concept
definition: The local, rather uniform climate of a specific place or habitat, compared with the climate of the entire area of which it is a part.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climate
source: MGH

microclimate effect
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climatic effect

microclimatology
type: Concept
definition: The study of a microclimate, including the study of profiles of temperature, moisture and wind in the lowest stratum of air, the effects of the vegetation and of shelterbelts, and the modifying effects of towns and buildings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climatology
source: MGH

microcomputer
type: Concept
definition: A microprocessor combined with input/output interface devices, some type of external memory, and the other elements required to form a working computer system; it is smaller, lower in cost, and usually slower than a minicomputer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electrotechnical equipment
source: MGH

microecosystem
type: Concept
definition: A small-scale, simplified, experimental ecosystem, laboratory- or field- based, which may be: a) derived directly from nature (e.g. when samples of pond water are maintained subsequently by the input of artificial light and gas-exchange); or b) built up from axenic cultures (a culture of an organism that consists of one type of organism only, i.e. that is free from any contaminating organism) until the required conditions of organisms and environment are achieved. Also known as microcosm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: ALL2

microelectronics
type: Concept
definition: The technology of constructing circuits and devices in extremely small packages by various techniques. Also known as microminiaturization; microsystem electronics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electronics
source: MGH

microfiltration
type: Concept
definition: The separation or removal from a liquid of particulates and microorganisms in the size range of 0.1 to 0.2 microns in diameter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mikrofiltriranje @hr
broader: filtration
source: WQA

micro-organism
type: Concept
definition: A microscopic organism, including bacteria, protozoans, yeast, viruses, and algae.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organism
narrower: aquatic micro-organism
narrower: bacterium
related: alga
related match: Microorganism
source: MGH

micropollutant
type: Concept
definition: Pollutant which exists in very small traces in water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pollutant
source: PHC

microscopy
type: Concept
definition: The interpretative application of microscope magnification to the study of materials that cannot be properly seen by the unaided eye.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: methodology
source: MGH

microwave
type: Concept
definition: An electromagnetic wave which has a wavelength between about 0.3 and 30 centimeters, corresponding to frequencies of 1-100 gigahertz; however there are no sharp boundaries between microwaves and infrared and radio waves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radiation
broader: non-ionising radiation
source: MGH

migrant labour
type: Concept
definition: Temporary employment performed by persons who move from place to place, such as agricultural workers following crop seasons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: radnici migranti @hr
broader: labour market
related match: Foreign worker
source: RHW

human migration
type: Concept
definition: The permanent or semipermanent change of a person's place of residence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: preseljavanje ljudi @hr
broader: population movement
narrower: seasonal migration
narrower: internal migration
source: GOOD

animal migration
type: Concept
definition: Movements that particular animals carry out regularly often between breeding places and winter feeding grounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: preseljenje životinja @hr
broader: behaviour pattern
related: migratory bird
related: migratory fish
source: ALL

migratory bird
type: Concept
definition: Birds which migrate in a body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/912
related: animal migration
related match: Bird migration
source: CED

migratory species
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal species

military aspects
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gai militar
narrower: environment friendly

military activities
type: Concept
definition: Actions and movements pertaining to or conducted by the armed forces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vojne aktivnosti @hr
narrower: war
narrower: damage from military manoeuvres
narrower: armament
related: armed forces
related: military air traffic
related: low-level flight
related: defence

military air traffic
type: Concept
definition: Air traffic of or relating to the armed forces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εναέρια κυκλοφορία @el
broader: air traffic
related: military activities

military zone
type: Concept
definition: Area whose utilization is exclusively reserved to the army.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vojno područje @hr
broader: built-up area
related: disused military site
source: ZINZAN

milk
type: Concept
definition: The whitish fluid secreted by the mammary gland for the nourishment of the young; composed of carbohydrates, proteins, fats. mineral salts, vitamins, and antibodies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dairy product
source: MGH

mill
type: Concept
definition: A building where grain is crushed into flour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλευροποιείο @el
alternative label: eihera
broader: industrial site
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9331
narrower: water mill
source: CAMB

mine
type: Concept
definition: An opening or excavation in the earth for extracting minerals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταλλείο @el
alternative label: νάρκη @el
alternative label: meategi
alternative label: meatze
broader: mining district
source: MGH

mine filling
type: Concept
definition: Filling of disused mines with soil, crushed stone, or waste materials in order to restore the geological, agricultural and landscape features of the concerned area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mining site restoration
source: DIZAMB

mineral deposit
type: Concept
definition: A mass of naturally occurring mineral material, e.g. metal ores or nonmetallic mineral, usually of economic value, without regard to mode of origin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mineral-metatze
broader: earth's crust
narrower: oil shale
narrower: salt plug
narrower: deep sea deposit
narrower: tar sand
related: mineral resource
source: BJGEO

mineral extraction
type: Concept
definition: The process of extracting metallic or nonmetallic mineral deposits from the Earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dobivanje minerala @hr
alternative label: ťažba nerastných surovín @sk
broader: mining
related: mineral
related match: Mining
source: BJGEO

mineral fibre
type: Concept
definition: A fiber manufactured from glass, rock, or slag generally for use in fabricating heat insulation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insulating material
narrower: fibreglass
narrower: rock wool
source: HARRIS

mineral industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the exploitation of minerals from soil deposits by underground excavations or open workings, employing adequate plants and equipment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
source: FLGISA

mineralisation
type: Concept
definition: The process of fossilization whereby inorganic materials replace the organic constituent of an organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: förvandling till mineral @sv
broader: metabolism
related: biodegradation
related match: Mineralization
source: MGH

arboriculture
type: Concept
definition: The planting and care of woody plants, especially trees.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: farming technique
related: agroforestry
source: AMHER

mineralogy
type: Concept
definition: The science which concerns the study of natural inorganic substances called minerals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: earth science
narrower: crystallography
source: MGH

mineral resource
type: Concept
definition: Valuable mineral deposits of an area that are presently recoverable and may be so in the future; includes known ore bodies and potential ore.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mea-baliabideak
broader: natural resource
related: mineral
related: non-renewable resource
related: mineral deposit
source: MGH

mineral
type: Concept
definition: A naturally occurring substance with a characteristic chemical composition expressed by a chemical formula; may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other material or rock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μετάλλευμα @el
alternative label: nerast @sk
broader: lithosphere
narrower: non-metallic mineral
narrower: metallic mineral
related: mineral matter
related: mineral resource
related: natural material
related: mineral extraction
source: MGH

mineral water
type: Concept
definition: Water containing naturally or artificially supplied minerals or gases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9242
related: freshwater
related: beverage
source: MGH

minimal cost planning
type: Concept
definition: The process of making arrangements or preparations to facilitate the production of goods or services at an output that would require the lowest possible expenditure of money, time or labor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic planning
source: ODE

minimisation of damage
type: Concept
definition: The activity of reducing the harm or injury done to the environment or ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ingurugiro-kalteen minimizatze
alternative label: minimalizacija štete @hr
broader: impact minimisation
source: OED

mining district
type: Concept
definition: A district where mineral exploitation is performed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rudarski kraj @hr
alternative label: bregslag @sv
alternative label: gruvfält @sv
broader: non-built-up area
narrower: gravel pit
narrower: excavation site
narrower: quarry
narrower: mine
narrower: sand pit
source: MGH

mining engineering
type: Concept
definition: Engineering concerned with the discovery, development and exploitation of coal, ores, and minerals, as well as the cleaning, sizing and dressing of the product.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rudarsko inženjerstvo @hr
broader: engineering
source: MGH

mining geology
type: Concept
definition: The study of geologic aspects of mineral deposits, with particular regard to problems associated with mining.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geology
narrower: petroleum geology
source: BJGEO

mining industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the extraction of minerals occurring naturally, often involving quarrying, well operations, milling, exploration and development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rudarska industrija @hr
broader: extractive industry
related: extraction
related: mining waste
related match: Mining
source: SIC

archaeological site
type: Concept
definition: Any location containing significant relics and artifacts of past culture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αρχαιολογική τοποθεσία @el
alternative label: eremu arkeologiko
broader: cultural facility
source: LANDY

mining law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the potentially harmful activity of enterprises concerned with the extraction and processing of precious or valuable metals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
related match: General Mining Act of 1872
source: BLD

mining regulation
type: Concept
definition: A rule or order prescribed by government or management to promote the safety, legality or ecological responsibility of any aspect of the process or industry of ore extraction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: propis o rudarstvu @hr
broader: regulation
source: BLD

mining site restoration
type: Concept
definition: Mining is an intensive type of land use with potential for environmental impact over a limited area. When closure occurs, it should address both environmental and safety aspects. Mine reclamation is an ongoing program designed to restore to an acceptable state the physical, chemical and biological quality or potential of air, land and water regimes disturbed by mining. The objective of mine reclamation is to prevent or minimize adverse long-term environmental impacts, and create a self-sustaining ecosystem as near as practicable to what existed before the mining activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: intervention on land
narrower: mine filling
source: NRCAN

mining waste
type: Concept
definition: Any residue which results from the extraction of raw materials from the earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: meatzaritzako hondakin
alternative label: jalovina @hr
broader: type of waste
related: mining industry
related match: Tailings
source: EED
source: ERG

ministerial decree
type: Concept
definition: A formal judgment or mandate handed down on a specific issue or concern from a major administrative department of a state, usually under the authority of that department's chief minister, secretary or administrator.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ministarska odluka @hr
broader: decree
source: RHW

ministry
type: Concept
definition: The body of top government administrators or other high ranking public officials that are selected by a head of state to manage certain aspects of a state's affairs, as opposed to civil servants whose tenure is unaffected by public changes resulting from democratic elections or some other process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλήρος (ιερατείο) @el
alternative label: departemente @sv
broader: public institution of administrative nature
source: BLD

archaeology
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study of the material remains of the cultures of historical or prehistorical peoples.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human science
source: MGH

minority
type: Concept
definition: A group that is different racially, politically, etc. from a larger group of which it is a part.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μειοψηφία @el
broader: social group
narrower: disabled person
source: CED

miscellaneous product
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διάφορα προϊόντα @el
alternative label: askotariko produktuak
broader: product
narrower: recycled material
narrower: ash
narrower: bottle cap
narrower: container
narrower: glass
narrower: resin
narrower: seed (product)
narrower: household goods
narrower: new material
narrower: consumer product
narrower: packaging

miscibility
type: Concept
definition: The tendency or capacity of two or more liquids to form a uniform blend, that is, to dissolve in each other; degrees are total miscibility, partial miscibility, and immiscibility.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
source: MGH

archipelago
type: Concept
definition: A chain of many islands including the waters that surround them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uhartedi
alternative label: arhipelag @hr
broader: island
source: DOE

mite
type: Concept
definition: An order of small Arachnida with rounded bodies. Mites are very abundant in the soil, feeding on plant material and invertebrate animals. Some parasitic mites (e.g. red spider) damage crops and can be serious pests. Others cause diseases in animals. Ticks are blood-suckers, some being vectors of diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever in humans and fowls, and louping ill in cattle and sheep.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: grinja @hr
broader: chelicerate
source: ALL

mitigation measure
type: Concept
definition: Any procedure or action undertaken to reduce the adverse impacts that a project or activity may have on the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lievennys @fi
broader: safety
related: prevention measure
related: protective measure
source: TOE

mixed farming
type: Concept
definition: Type of agriculture based on the combination of crop production and cattle raising.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: farming technique
related match: Family farm
source: GREMES

mixed forest
type: Concept
definition: A forest composed of several tree species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baso misto
broader: forest
related match: Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
source: FORGOV

mixed use area
type: Concept
definition: Use of land for more than one purpose; e.g. grazing of livestock, watershed and wildlife protection, recreation, and timber production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land setup
narrower: reservoir
source: RRDA

mixing
type: Concept
definition: The intermingling of different materials to produce a homogeneous mixture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μ(ε)ίξη @el
alternative label: nahasketa
alternative label: seostuminen @fi
alternative label: blandning @sv
broader: physical process
related: dispersion
related: emulsification
related match: Mix
source: MGH

mobile home
type: Concept
definition: Living quarters mounted on wheels and capable of being towed by a motor vehicle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etxe higikor
broader: vehicle
source: CED

model
type: Concept
definition: 1) A representation, usually on a smaller scale, of a device, structure, etc. 2) A quantitative or mathematical representation or computer simulation which attempts to describe the characteristics or relationships of physical events.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μοντέλο @el
alternative label: μακέτα @el
alternative label: υπόδειγμα @el
alternative label: ομοίωμα @el
alternative label: maketa @hr
broader: modelling
narrower: digital land model
narrower: atmospheric model
narrower: global model
source: CED
source: LEE

modelling
type: Concept
definition: An investigative technique using a mathematical or physical representation of a system or theory that accounts for all or some its known properties. Models are often used to test the effect of changes of system components on the overall performance of the system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κατάρτιση (διαμόρφωση) μοντέλου @el
alternative label: mallintaminen @fi
alternative label: izrada modela @hr
broader: simulation
narrower: model
related match: Model
source: LEE

moisture
type: Concept
definition: 1) The water vapour content of the atmosphere, or the total water substances (gaseous, liquid and solid) present in a given volume of air. 2) Water that is dispersed through a gas in the form of water vapour or small droplets, dispersed through a solid, or condensed on the surface of a solid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
related: soil moisture
source: MGH

molecular biology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the chemical structures and processes of biological phenomena at the molecular level; the discipline is particularly concerned with the study of proteins, nucleic acids, and enzymes, the macromolecules essential to life processes. It seeks to understand the molecular basis of genetic processes. Techniques used include X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: GILP96

mollusc
type: Concept
definition: Any of various invertebrates having a soft unsegmented body and often a shell, secreted by a fold of skin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: blötdjur @sv
broader: invertebrate
narrower: cephalopod
narrower: gastropod
related match: Mollusca
source: CED

monetary assessment
type: Concept
definition: Financial determination, adjustment, estimation, or appraisal for purposes of levying a tax, charge or fine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monetary economics
source: OED

monitoring
type: Concept
definition: To check regularly in order to perceive change in some quality or quantity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έλεγχος @el
alternative label: zaintze
alternative label: zaintza
alternative label: övervakning @sv
narrower: pollution monitoring
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9196
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9276
narrower: environmental monitoring
narrower: baseline monitoring
narrower: atmospheric monitoring
narrower: radiation monitoring
narrower: monitoring technique
narrower: self-monitoring
narrower: noise monitoring
narrower: traffic monitoring
narrower: seismic monitoring
narrower: biological monitoring
related: monitoring station
related: monitoring equipment
related: observation satellite
related: telemetry
related: measuring
source: BRACK

monitoring criterion
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrol-irizpide
alternative label: kriterij monitoringa @hr
broader: monitoring technique

monitoring data
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrol-datu
alternative label: podaci dobiveni monitoringom @hr
broader: environmental data
narrower: emission data
narrower: progress line

monitoring equipment
type: Concept
definition: Specific equipment used in remote sensing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrol-ekipo
alternative label: oprema za monitoring @hr
broader: equipment
narrower: sensor
narrower: pollution control equipment
narrower: radar
narrower: detector
related: monitoring
source: RRDA

monitoring network
type: Concept
definition: Interconnected group of monitoring stations for the surveillance of pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrol-sare
broader: monitoring technique
source: RRDA

monitoring station
type: Concept
definition: Station where the presence, effect, or level of any polluting substance in air or water, noise and blasting, radiation, transport movements, land subsidence, or change in the character of vegetation are measured quantitatively or qualitatively.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrol-estazio
alternative label: stanica za monitoring @hr
broader: industrial site
related: monitoring
source: GILP96

monitoring system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinated body of sensory and communications devices that observes, detects or records the outputs or operations of any natural or artificial system in order to construct a history or future of events.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrol-sistema
alternative label: sustav monitoringa @hr
broader: monitoring technique
source: APD
source: RHW

monitoring technique
type: Concept
definition: Techniques employed in the process of checking, observing and measuring events, processes or physical, chemical, biological and environmental phenomena.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrol-teknika
alternative label: tehnika monitoringa @hr
broader: monitoring
narrower: GIS digital technique
narrower: monitoring criterion
narrower: radioactive tracer technique
narrower: mapping
narrower: monitoring system
narrower: data recording technique
narrower: census survey
narrower: survey
narrower: photogrammetry
narrower: sampling
narrower: monitoring network
narrower: quality control
source: DUNSTE
source: ZINZAN

monopoly
type: Concept
definition: The market condition where a particular commodity or service has only one seller, either because the seller has exclusive possession of an essential input or because large economies of scale inhibit the entrance of a competitor into the market.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: restriction on competition
source: ODE

monument
type: Concept
definition: An object, especially large and made of stone, built to remember and show respect to a person or group of people, or a special place made for this purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oroitarri
alternative label: oroigarri
alternative label: rajapyykki @fi
broader: cultural facility
source: CAMB

moor
type: Concept
definition: A tract of unenclosed waste ground, usually covered with heather, coarse grass, bracken, and moss.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: istinga
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
source: CED

moral persuasion
type: Concept
definition: Appealing to the ethical principles or beliefs of an adversary or the public to convince the adversary to change behavior or attitudes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λογική βεβαιότητα @el
alternative label: konbentzitze moral
broader: social dynamics
source: MLK

morphology
type: Concept
definition: The branch of biology concerned with the form and structure of organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: CED

mortality
type: Concept
definition: The number of deaths occurring in a given population for a given period of time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: stopa smrtnosti @hr
alternative label: úmrtnosť @sk
broader: demographic evolution
narrower: infant mortality
source: MGH

moss
type: Concept
definition: Any plant of the class Bryophyta, occurring in nearly all damp habitats.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βρύα @el
broader: bryophyte
source: MGH

architecture
type: Concept
definition: The art and science of designing and building structures, or large groups of structures, in keeping with aesthetic and functional criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human science
narrower: rural architecture
narrower: landscape architecture
narrower: environmental sustainable architecture
narrower: traditional architecture
source: HARRIS

motorcycle
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: motor @hr
broader: motor vehicle

motor fuel
type: Concept
definition: Any gaseous or liquid flammable fuel that burns in an internal combustion engine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erregai
broader: fuel
narrower: biofuel
narrower: fuel alcohol
narrower: diesel fuel
narrower: kerosene
narrower: propellant
narrower: gasohol
narrower: petrol
related: engine
source: ZINZAN

motor vehicle
type: Concept
definition: A road vehicle driven by a motor or engine, especially an internal-combustion engine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: όχημα με κινητήρα @el
broader: vehicle
narrower: motorcycle
narrower: public transport vehicle
narrower: lorry
narrower: refuse collection vehicle
narrower: car
related: catalytic converter
related: engine
related: silencer
source: CED

motor vehicle emission
type: Concept
definition: The formation and discharge of gaseous and particulate pollutants into the environment chiefly from car, truck and bus exhaust.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: motor-ibilgailuen isuri
broader: emission
narrower: aircraft engine emission
related: motor vehicle exhaust gas
related: motor vehicle pollution
source: DDP

motor vehicle exhaust gas
type: Concept
definition: Gases vented to the atmosphere by internal-combustion-engine driven vehicles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vehicle exhaust gas
related: traffic emission
related: motor vehicle emission

motor vehicle industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vehicle manufacturing industry
narrower: automobile industry

motorway
type: Concept
definition: A wide road built for fast moving traffic travelling long distances, with a limited number of points at which drivers can enter and leave it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οδός ταχείας κυκλοφορίας @el
broader: road
source: CAMB

acoustic filter
type: Concept
definition: A device employed to reject sound in a particular range of frequencies while passing sound in another range of frequencies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zvučni filter @hr
broader: filter
source: MGH

mountain
type: Concept
definition: A feature of the earth's surface that rises high above the base and has generally steep slopes and a relatively small summit area. Mountains are an important source of water, energy, minerals, forest and agricultural products, and recreation. They are storehouses of biological diversity and endangered species and an essential part of the global ecosystem. About 10% of the world's population depend on mountain resources and nearly half of these people are affected by the degradation of mountain watershed areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mountainous area
narrower: high mountain
related: mountain management
related: mountain protection
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

mountain ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Ecosystems found on high-mountains at low latitudes. Mountain ecosystems are very vulnerable. They are increasingly sensitive to soil erosion, landslide and rapid loss of habitat and genetic diversity. Widespread poverty and an increase in the numbers of mountain inhabitants lead to deforestation, cultivation of marginal lands, excessive livestock grazing, loss of biomass cover and other forms of environmental degradation. Because little is known about mountain ecosystems, Agenda 21 has proposed the establishment of a global mountain database. This is essential for the launch of programmes that would contribute to the sustainable development of mountain ecosystems. The proposals also focus on promoting watershed development and alternative employment for people whose livelihoods are linked to practices that degrade mountains.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: WRIGHT

mountaineering
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: leisure activity

mountainous area
type: Concept
definition: Area characterized by conspicuous peaks, ridges, or mountain ranges.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial area
narrower: relief (land)
narrower: hill
narrower: mountain range
narrower: volcano
narrower: mountain
source: BJGEO

mountain range
type: Concept
definition: A single, large mass consisting of a succession of mountains or narrowly spaced mountain ridges, with or without peaks, closely related in position, direction, formation, and age.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gorje @hr
broader: mountainous area
source: BJGEO

Arctic ecosystem
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arktički ekosustav @hr
broader: polar ecosystem

mowing
type: Concept
definition: The cutting down of grass, crops or grain with a scythe or a mechanical device.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θερισμός @el
alternative label: ebakitze
alternative label: slåtter @sv
broader: agricultural method
related match: Mower
source: AMHER
source: CED

mud flat
type: Concept
definition: A relatively level area of fine silt along a shore (as in a sheltered estuary) or around an island, alternately covered and uncovered by the tide, or covered by shallow water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: landform
related match: Mudflat
source: BJGEO

mud (sediment)
type: Concept
definition: A mixture of clay and/or silt with water to form a plastic mass with a particle size preponderantly below 0.06 mm diameter. It is deposited in low-energy environments in lakes, estuaries and lagoons. It may also be deposited in deep-sea environments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: slam @sv
broader: sediment
source: WHIT

mulch
type: Concept
definition: A layer of organic material applied to the surface of the ground to retain moisture; mulching is the spreading of leaves, straw or other loose material on the ground to prevent erosion, evaporation or freezing of plant roots.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kompostimulta @fi
alternative label: komposttäckning @sv
alternative label: gödselhalm @sv
broader: natural material
source: GILP96

multilateral agreement
type: Concept
definition: Multilateralism stands for a long-held but rarely achieved ideal, namely the voluntary co-operation of nations for peace and development. Multilateral initiatives are undermined or diluted by ultra-nationalist, bilateral and regional initiatives. Multilateralism may be undercut by the uncoordinated decisions of those contributing to it. Multilateralism constitutes the democracy of international society. An enlightened multilateralism enhances the specific interests of states while advancing their common cause.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: multilateralni sporazum @hr
broader: international agreement
related match: Multilateral treaty
source: WPR

Arctic Ocean
type: Concept
definition: The smallest and most poorly studied of the oceans on earth. It covers an area of 14 million square km that is divided by three submarine ridges, i.e. the Alpha Ridge, the Lomonosov Ridge, and an extension of the mid-Atlantic ridge. It is also nearly landlocked, covered year-round by pack ice, and the third of its area is continental shelf.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
source: OCEAN

multinational firm
type: Concept
definition: A large business company operating in several countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: enpresa multinazional
alternative label: multinacionalna tvrtka @hr
broader: firm
related match: Multinational corporation
source: CED

multiple use management area
type: Concept
definition: 1) Coordinated management for the most judicious and harmonious use of the land on a long term basis under the concept of combining two or more uses and/or purposes with attention to sustainability and nonimpairment of the natural resources and land area. 2) Use of land for more than one purpose; e.g. grazing of livestock, watershed and wildlife protection, recreation, and timber production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
source: EPAGLO
source: UNUN

municipal cleansing
type: Concept
definition: The aggregation of services offered by a town or city in which streets and other public areas are kept clean, such as through trash pick-ups, street sweeping and decontamination of water, soil and other natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public service
narrower: cleansing department
narrower: municipal cleansing service
narrower: street cleaning
source: FFD

municipal cleansing service
type: Concept
definition: Removal for treatment or disposal of those residues that can be regarded as waste including removal of litter from public places, public thoroughfares or the countryside.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: municipal cleansing
source: ECHO1

Arctic region
type: Concept
definition: The northernmost area of the earth, centered on the North Pole, that includes the Arctic Ocean, the northern reaches of Canada, Alaska, Russia, Norway and most of Greenland, Iceland and Svalbard.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: polar region
related match: Arctic
source: INP

municipal environmental policy
type: Concept
definition: The guiding procedure, philosophy or course of action regarding the protection of natural resources in local settings, cities or towns.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental policy
related: urban policy
source: RHW

municipality
type: Concept
definition: A town, city, or other district having powers of local self-government.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δημαρχία @el
alternative label: udalerri
alternative label: grad @hr
alternative label: općina @hr
broader: state
source: LANDY

municipal law
type: Concept
definition: Broadly, a law or body of laws that pertains solely to the citizens and inhabitants of a state; narrowly, a law or body of laws pertaining to towns, cities, villages and their local governments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δίκαιο τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης @el
alternative label: udal-ordenantzak
alternative label: municipalno pravo @hr
broader: legislation
source: BLD

municipal level
type: Concept
definition: The jurisdiction, position or status of city, town or local government.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: administrative organisation
source: DAM
source: OED

municipal waste
type: Concept
definition: The combined residential and commercial waste materials generated in a given municipal area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hiri-hondakin solido
broader: type of waste
narrower: litter
related match: Municipal solid waste
source: LANDY

municipal water distribution system
type: Concept
definition: Any publicly or privately organized setup in which water is processed at a central plant and delivered to homes and businesses via water pipes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9165
source: WQA

distribution area
type: Concept
definition: 1) The overall geographical distribution of a talon. 2) The range occupied by a community or other group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: banaketa-alde
alternative label: pinta-ala @fi
broader: autoecology
narrower: nesting area
source: LBC

municipal water management
type: Concept
definition: Municipal water management deals with aspects of water supply and water technology concerning planning, processing, building and producing. It also concerns the problems of waste water collection, sewage disposal, waste water treatment in rural areas, water economising measures, water body quality management.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαχείριση υδάτων @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9195
source: TUBERL

muscular system
type: Concept
definition: The muscle cells, tissues, and organs that effect movement in all vertebrates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: muskulu-sistema
broader: anatomy
source: MGH

museum
type: Concept
definition: A place or building where objects of historical, artistic, or scientific interest are exhibited, preserved or studied.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural facility
narrower: ecomuseum
source: CED

mushroom
type: Concept
definition: A family of Basidiomycetes that are characterized by the production of spores on gills.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: basidiomycete
source: ALL

music
type: Concept
definition: The artistic organization of sounds or tones that expresses ideas and emotions through the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony and tonal color.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural heritage
source: RHW

mussel farming
type: Concept
definition: Breeding of mussels for sale as food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καλλιέργεια μυδιών @el
broader: aquaculture
narrower: oyster farming
source: PHC

mustelid
type: Concept
definition: A large, diverse family of low-slung, long-bodied carnivorous mammals including minks, weasels, and badgers; distinguished by having only one molar in each upper jaw, and two at the most in the lower jaw.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: carnivore
related match: Mustelidae
source: MGH

mutagenicity
type: Concept
definition: The property of chemical or physical agents of inducing changes in genetic material that are transmitted during cell division.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταλλαξιογόνος δράση @el
broader: health hazard
related: mutation
related match: Mutagen
source: KOREN

mutagenicity testing
type: Concept
definition: Testing the property of a substance of being able to induce genetic mutation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mutagenotasun-test
broader: testing method
related: Ames test
source: CONFER

mutagen
type: Concept
definition: An agent that raises the frequency of mutation above the spontaneous rate. An agent that causes changes to plants and animals, particularly to their genetic material and especially at the time of reproduction. Certain chemicals and forms of radiation are powerful mutagens that damage the DNA, or genetic material in the centre of every cell of a living organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disease cause
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

mutant
type: Concept
definition: An individual bearing an allele that has undergone mutation and is expressed in the phenotype.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταλλαγή @el
broader: mutation
related: genetic variation
source: MGH

mutated micro-organisms release
type: Concept
definition: The release of mutated micro-organisms creates the risk that they may exhibit some previously unknown pathogenicity, might take over from some naturally occurring bacteria (possibly having other positive functions which thus are lost) or pass on some unwanted trait to such indigenous bacteria. There is also concern that an uncontrolled genetic mutation could produce from such an engineered microorganism, a form with hazardous consequences for the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: release of organisms
related: biotechnological hazard
source: WPR

mutation
type: Concept
definition: A change in the chemical constitution of the DNA in the chromosomes of an organism: the changes are normally restricted to individual genes, but occasionally involve serious alteration to whole chromosomes. When a mutation occurs in gametes or gametocytes an inherited change may be produced in the characteristics of the organisms that develop from them. Mutation is one of the ways in which genetic variation is produced in organisms. A somatic mutation is one that occurs to a body cell, and is consequently past on to all the cells derived from it by mitosis. Natural mutations, at this stage of biological evolution, when they occur in the cells of higher animals, almost always produce deleterious characteristics. Both natural and artificial mutations can be brought about by ionizing radiation (hence the genetic and carcinogenic dangers of nuclear weapons) and by certain chemical substances called mutagens.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταλλαγή @el
broader: biological process
narrower: mutant
related: gene
related: mutagenicity
source: UVAROV

mycology
type: Concept
definition: The branch of botany concerned with the study of fungi.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/971
source: LBC

mycorrhiza
type: Concept
definition: The symbiotic association of the root of a higher plant with a fungus. In an ectotrophic mycorrhiza (e.g., heath, pine trees) the fungal mycelium covers the outside of the roots; in an endotrophic mycorrhiza (e.g. orchids) the fungus grows inside the cells of the root cortex.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant (biology)
related: symbiosis
source: ALL

area of potential pollution
type: Concept
definition: Area which is supposedly causing dangers to human health and environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio potentzialeko eremu
broader: hazard area
related: polluted site
source: ECHO2

national conservation programme
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: programme

national economy
type: Concept
definition: A nation's financial resources and its financial management, with a view towards its productivity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nazio-ekonomia
broader: economic system
related match: Economy
source: ISEP
source: RHW

national environmental accounting
type: Concept
definition: The collection and processing of financial information regarding the costs for ecological challenges or opportunities for nations or countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nacionalno računovodstvo okoliša @hr
broader: environmental accounting
narrower: externality
source: RHW

cultural goods
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural heritage

nationalisation
type: Concept
definition: The transfer of ownership of a private business or other private property to a national government, either through uncompensated seizure (expropriation) or through forced sale at a government-determined price.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: socialisering @sv
alternative label: naturalisering @sv
broader: public function
related match: Nationalization
source: DUC

national legislation
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by the government of a sovereign state that holds force throughout the regions and territories within the government's dominion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislation
source: RHW

national park
type: Concept
definition: Areas of outstanding natural beauty, set aside for the conservation of flora, fauna and scenery, and for recreation, if this does not conflict with the conservation objectives of the parks and their landscapes. Hunting, logging, mining, commercial fishing, agriculture and livestock grazing are all controlled within national parks, as is industrial activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: naturreservat @sv
broader: protected area
source: WRIGHT

national planning
type: Concept
definition: The step by step method and process of defining, developing and outlining various possible courses of actions to meet existing or future needs, goals and objectives for a country or a large body of people associated with a particular territory, often sharing similar ethnic backgrounds, customs and language.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: državno planiranje @hr
alternative label: boverk @sv
broader: planning
source: BLD
source: RHW

national reserve
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reserve
related match: Protected area

natural area
type: Concept
definition: An area in which natural processes predominate, fluctuations in numbers of organisms are allowed free play and human intervention is minimal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land
narrower: island
narrower: coastal area
narrower: terrestrial area
source: LANDY

natural disaster
type: Concept
definition: Violent, sudden and destructive change in the environment without cause from human activity, due to phenomena such as floods, earthquakes, fire and hurricanes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θεομηνία @el
alternative label: prirodna nesreća @hr
broader: disaster
narrower: geological disaster
narrower: hydrologic disaster
narrower: meteorological disaster
related: disaster zone
source: UNUN

natural drainage system
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: berezko drainatze-sistema
broader: drainage system

natural environment
type: Concept
definition: The complex of atmospheric, geological and biological characteristics found in an area in the absence of artifacts or influences of a well developed technological, human culture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environment
narrower: aquatic environment
narrower: coastal environment
narrower: terrestrial environment
narrower: marine environment
source: LANDY

acoustic insulation
type: Concept
definition: The process of preventing the transmission of sound by surrounding with a nonconducting material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ηχητική μόνωση @el
alternative label: isolamendu akustiko
broader: insulation (process)
related: noise reduction
related match: Soundproofing
source: CED

natural fertiliser
type: Concept
definition: Organic material added to the soil to supply chemical elements needed for plant nutrition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongailu natural
broader: fertiliser
source: MGH

natural fibre
type: Concept
definition: A textile fiber of mineral, plant or animal origin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural material
broader: fibre
narrower: animal textile fibre
narrower: plant textile fibre
related match: Natural fiber
source: MGH

natural forest
type: Concept
definition: A forest area that has developed free from the influence of humans and remains largely unaffected by their activities. The natural forest may include, but is not necessarily equivalent to, an old-growth forest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baso natural
broader: forest
related match: Old-growth forest
source: DUNSTE

natural gas
type: Concept
definition: A natural fuel containing methane and hydrocarbons that occurs in certain geologic formations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: raw material
related: methane
related: natural gas extraction
source: LANDY

natural gas exploration
type: Concept
definition: Underground prospection conducted with various methods to discover natural gas deposits which are usually found in the immediate vicinity of crude petroleum.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural gas extraction
source: PARCOR
source: ZINZAN

natural gas extraction
type: Concept
definition: The tapping of natural gas from wells located under the sea and in general from underground sources often in association with petroleum deposits; it is used as a fuel, having largely replaced coal-gas for this purpose, and as a source of intermediates for organic synthesis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: iskorištavanje prirodnog plina @hr
broader: extraction
narrower: natural gas exploration
related: natural gas
source: GILP96
source: GRAHAW
source: UVAROV

natural hazard
type: Concept
definition: The probability of occurrence, within a specific period of time in a given area of a potentially damaging phenomenon of nature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natur arrisku
broader: hazard
source: GUNN

natural heritage
type: Concept
definition: Generally, the world's natural resources as handed down to the present generation, and specifically, the earth's outstanding physical, biological and geological formations, and habitats of threatened species of animals and plants and areas with scientific, conservation or aesthetic value.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultural heritage
narrower: biological heritage
narrower: animal heritage
narrower: plant heritage
source: OED
source: WHC

rights of nature
type: Concept
definition: A rule or body of rules that derives from nature and is believed to be binding upon human society, as opposed to human-made laws such as legislative acts and judicial decisions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zakon prirode @hr
broader: environmental ethics
source: INP
source: WOR

arid land ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings in a climatic region where the annual precipitation averages less than 10 inches per year.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: DOE
source: TOE

natural material
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυσική ύλη @el
alternative label: gai natural
alternative label: prirodni materijal @hr
broader: material
narrower: mulch
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9242
narrower: forest product
narrower: compost
narrower: animal product
narrower: fertiliser
narrower: natural fibre
narrower: natural stone
related: chalk
related: natural resource
related: asbestos
related: mineral

natural monument
type: Concept
definition: A natural/cultural feature which is of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities or cultural significance. Guidance for selection of a natural monument is: a) The area should contain one or more features of outstanding significance (appropriate natural features include spectacular waterfalls, caves, craters, fossil beds, sand dunes and marine features, along with unique or representative fauna and flora; associated cultural features might include cave dwellings, cliff-top forts, archaeological sites, or natural sites which have heritage significance to indigenous peoples).; b) The area should be large enough to protect the integrity of the feature and its immediately related surroundings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
source: AERG

natural park
type: Concept
definition: A designation of project lands which preserves natural resources for their scientific, scenic, cultural and/or educational value by limiting development and management practices. Land managed to protect rare and endangered species of flora and fauna will be designed as natural areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reserve
narrower: central park area
narrower: peripheral park area
narrower: regional natural park
related match: Protected area
source: LANDY

natural radioactivity
type: Concept
definition: Radiation stemming mainly from uranium, present in small amounts in many rocks, soils, building material, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radioactivity
related match: Background radiation
source: BRACK

arid land
type: Concept
definition: Lands characterized by low annual rainfall of less than 250 mm, by evaporation exceeding precipitation and a sparse vegetation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lur arido
broader: terrestrial area
narrower: desert
source: LBC

natural resource conservation
type: Concept
definition: The management of living and non-living resources in such a way as to sustain the maximum benefit for present and future generations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baliabide naturalen kon
alternative label: natur baliabideen babes
broader: resource conservation
source: GILP96

natural resource
type: Concept
definition: A feature or component of the natural environment that is of value in serving human needs, e.g. soil, water, plantlife, wildlife, etc. Some natural resources have an economic value (e.g. timber) while others have a "noneconomic" value (e.g. scenic beauty).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natur baliabideak
alternative label: prirodno bogatstvo @hr
alternative label: naturtillgångar @sv
broader: resource
narrower: climate resource
narrower: mineral resource
narrower: sea resource
narrower: soil resource
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9221
narrower: biological resource
related: nature protection
related: natural material
source: UNUN

natural scenery
type: Concept
definition: An area where human effects, if present, are not significant to the landscape as a whole.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natur paisaia
broader: landscape
source: DUNSTE

natural science
type: Concept
definition: The branches of science dealing with objectively measurable phenomena pertaining to the transformation and relationships of energy and matter; includes biology, physics, and chemistry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: science
narrower: astronomy
narrower: earth science
narrower: life science
narrower: soil science
narrower: atmospheric science
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9231
source: MGH

natural stone
type: Concept
definition: A gemstone that occurs in nature, as distinguished from a man-made substitute.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυσικός λίθος @el
broader: natural material
related: quarrying
related: limestone
related: stone
related: marble
related: rock
related match: List of decorative stones
source: BJGEO

natural value
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment criterion

nature conservation organisation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natura babesteko erakunde
broader: non-governmental organisation

nature conservation
type: Concept
definition: Active management of the earth's natural resources and environment to ensure their quality is maintained and that they are wisely used.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental conservation
related: nature protection
related match: Conservation (ethic)
source: PHC

nature conservation legislation
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to protect, preserve or renew an area's natural habitats or ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natura babesteko legeria
alternative label: propisi o očuvanju prirode @hr
broader: environmental legislation
source: BLD
source: RHW

nature conservation programme
type: Concept
definition: An organized group of activities and procedures, often run by a government agency or a nonprofit organization, to preserve and protect elements of the natural world such as mountains, trees, animals or rivers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natura babesteko programa
broader: environmental programme
source: RHW

nature protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, procedures or installations undertaken to prevent or reduce harm to the elements of the material world that exist independently of human activity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental protection
narrower: wildlife protection
related: natural resource
related: nature conservation
source: RHW

nature reserve
type: Concept
definition: Areas allocated to preserve and protect certain animals and plants, or both. They differ from national park, which are largely a place for public recreation, because they are provided exclusively to protect species for their own sake. Endangered species are increasingly being kept in nature reserves to prevent them from extinction, particularly in India, Indonesia and some African countries. Natural reserves were used once to preserve the animals that landowners hunted, but, in the 19th century, they became places where animals were kept to prevent them from dying out. Special refuges and sanctuaries are also often designated to protect certain species or groups of wild animals or plants, especially if their numbers and distribution have been significantly reduced. They also serve as a place for more plentiful species to rest, breed or winter. Many parts of the world also have marine and aquatic reserves to protect different species of sea or freshwater plant and animal life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reserve
narrower: integral natural reserve
narrower: European nature reserve
narrower: voluntary natural reserve
related: natural areas protection
source: WRIGHT

nausea
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: okada
broader: human disease
narrower: odour nuisance

navigational hazard
type: Concept
definition: Any obstacle encountered by a vessel in route posing risk or danger to the vessel, its contents or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hazard
related: navigation
source: OED

necrosis
type: Concept
definition: The pathologic death of living tissue in a plant or animal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human disease

need
type: Concept
definition: The fact or an instance of feeling the lack of something.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ένδεια @el
alternative label: αντιξοότητα @el
alternative label: premia
broader: quality of life
narrower: housing need
source: CED

neighbourhood improvement scheme
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban action program

armament
type: Concept
definition: The weapons, ammunition and equipment, or the total force held by a military unit or state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: armak
broader: military activities
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9267
related: armament conversion
related match: Weapon
source: RHW

nematode
type: Concept
definition: A group of unsegmented worms which have been variously recognized as an order, class, and phylum.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rundmaskar @sv
broader: invertebrate
source: MGH

nervous system
type: Concept
definition: A coordinating and integrating system which functions in the adaptation of an organism to its environment; in vertebrates, the system consists of the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, cranial and peripheral nerves, and ganglia.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nervni sustav @hr
broader: anatomy
source: MGH

armament conversion
type: Concept
definition: Change in character, form or function of the arms and equipment with which a military unit is supplied.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arma-bihurketa
broader: international safety
related: disposal of warfare materials
related: armament

net resource depletion
type: Concept
definition: The total decrease in the amount of natural materials available for use by humans and other living beings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: effect on the environment
source: APD
source: RHW

netting policy (emissions trading)
type: Concept
definition: All emission sources in the same area that are owned or controlled by a single company are treated as one large source, thereby allowing flexibility in controlling individual sources in order to meet a single emissions standard.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial environmental policy
source: EPAGLO

neurotoxicity
type: Concept
definition: The occurrence of adverse effects on a nervous system following exposure to a chemical.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxicity
source: KOREN

neutralisation
type: Concept
definition: To make a solution neutral by adding a base to an acidic solution, or an acid to a basic solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ουδετεροποίηση @el
broader: chemical reaction
related match: Neutralization
source: MGH

armed forces
type: Concept
definition: The military units of a state, typically divided by their differing contexts of operations, such as the army, navy, air force and marines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: militär styrka @sv
broader: institutional structure
narrower: coastguard
related: military activities
related: military equipment
source: RHW

new community
type: Concept
definition: A sociopolitical, religious, occupational or other group of common characteristics and interests formed as an alternative to social, and often residential, options currently available.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social differentiation
source: RHW

new installation
type: Concept
definition: A device, system, or piece of equipment that has been recently installed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nova oprema @hr
alternative label: novi objekt @hr
alternative label: novi uređaj @hr
alternative label: ny anläggning @sv
broader: industrial installation
source: CED

new material
type: Concept
definition: Novel high-performance materials obtained through the interdisciplinary research of chemistry, applied chemistry, chemical engineering, and mechanical engineering.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tehnološki poboljšani materijal @hr
alternative label: nytt ämne @sv
broader: miscellaneous product
source: CMKYU

new technology
type: Concept
definition: Electronic instruments and devices which have recently been developed and are been introduced into industry. New technologies have been introduced often in almost total ignorance or disregard of the biological and ecological systems that they subsequently disturb, and of the dynamic and evolving nature of living systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technological change
source: PHC
source: WPR

nickel
type: Concept
definition: A malleable ductile silvery-white metallic element that is strong and corrosion-resistant, occurring principally in pentlandite and niccolite: used in alloys, especially in toughening steel, in electroplating, and as a catalyst in organic synthesis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
related: heavy metal
source: CED

nitrate
type: Concept
definition: Any salt or ester of nitric acid, such as sodium nitrate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
source: CED

nitrification
type: Concept
definition: The process by which ammonia compounds, including man-made fertilizer and the humus provided by organic matter or plant and animal origin, are converted into nitrites and then nitrates, which are then absorbed as a nutrient by crops. Excess nitrate can be leached into surface waters and groundwaters, causing pollution. Excess nitrate may also be converted by microbes back into gaseous nitrogen, which is an important greenhouse gas, and released back into the atmosphere. The ultimate source of nitrogen in the ecosystem is the molecular nitrogen in the atmosphere. To a very limited extent, some dissolves in water. However, none is found in rock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nitrifikation @sv
broader: chemical reaction
source: WRIGHT

aromatic compound
type: Concept
definition: Compounds characterized by the presence of at least one benzene ring.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: aromatic hydrocarbon
related match: Aromaticity
source: MGH

nitrite
type: Concept
definition: A salt or ester of nitric acid, included in compounds such as potassium nitrite, sodium nitrite and butyl nitrite.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
source: RHW

nitro compound
type: Concept
definition: Any one of a class of usually organic compounds that contain the monovalent group, -NO2 (nitro group or radical) linked to a carbon atom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ένωση νιτρικών αλάτων @el
broader: organonitrogen compound
narrower: peroxyacetylnitrate
source: CED

nitrogen
type: Concept
definition: An essential nutrient in the food supply of plants and the diets of animals. Animals obtain it in nitrogen-containing compounds, particularly amino acids. Although the atmosphere is nearly 80% gaseous nitrogen, very few organisms have the ability to use it in this form. The higher plants normally obtain it from the soil after micro-organisms have converted the nitrogen into ammonia or nitrates, which they can then absorb.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group V
source: WRIGHT

nitrogen cycle
type: Concept
definition: The complex set of processes by which crops acquire the large amount of nitrogen they need to make proteins, nucleic acids and other biochemicals of which they are composed, and how the nitrogen returns to the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biogeochemical cycle
source: WRIGHT

nitrogen dioxide
type: Concept
notation: NO2
definition: A reddish-brown gas; it exists in varying degrees of concentration in equilibrium with other nitrogen oxides; used to produce nitric acid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nitrogeno(IV) oxido
broader: nitrogen oxides
source: MGH

nitrogen fixation
type: Concept
definition: Assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen by a variety of microorganisms which live freely in soil. Once the nitrogen has been captured by one of the microorganisms, there are many different routes by which it is handled. Some is retained in the soil as decomposing plant matter, waiting to be released and taken up by new crops as a nitrate. That nitrate is produced by nitrifying bacteria living in the soil that thrive on ammonia, which is produced by decaying plant and animal material. In processing nitrogen the nitrifying bacteria produce nitrate that can be absorbed by the roots of plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δέσμευση αζώτου @el
alternative label: fixácia dusíka @sk
broader: biochemical process
source: WRIGHT

nitrogen monoxide
type: Concept
definition: A colourless gas, soluble in water, ethanol and ether. It is formed in many reactions involving the reduction of nitric acid, but more convenient reactions for the preparation of reasonably pure NO are reactions of sodium nitrite, sulphuric acid, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nitrogeno(I) oxido
broader: nitrogen oxides
related match: Nitric oxide
source: DICCHE

nitrogen oxides
type: Concept
definition: Oxides formed and released in all common types of combustion; they are formed by the oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen at high temperatures. Introduced into the atmosphere from car exhausts, furnace stacks, incinerators, power stations and similar sources, the oxides include nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen pentoxide and nitric acid. The oxides of nitrogen undergo many reactions in the atmosphere to form photochemical smog.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
narrower: nitrogen oxide
narrower: nitrogen dioxide
narrower: nitrogen monoxide
related: gaseous air pollutant
related match: Nitrogen oxide
source: GILP96

nitrosamine
type: Concept
definition: Any one of a class of neutral, usually yellow oily compounds containing the divalent group = NNO.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: amine
source: CED

aromatic hydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: Hydrocarbons having an unsaturated ring containing alternating double and single bonds, especially containing a benzene ring.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aromatic compound
narrower: benzene
source: CED

NOEL
type: Concept
definition: Acronym for No Observed Effects Level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: efekturik gabeko gehienezko dosi
alternative label: hladina bez pozorovaného účinku @sk
broader: parameter
related: health-environment relationship
related: biological effect
related match: Measures of pollutant concentration
related match: No observable adverse effect level (NOAEL)
source: KOREN

noise
type: Concept
definition: Sound which is unwanted, either because of its effects on humans, its effect on fatigue or malfunction of physical equipment, or its interference with the perception or detection of other sounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ljud @sv
alternative label: brus @sv
broader: acoustics
narrower: noise type
narrower: noise spectrum
related: physical pollutant
source: MGH

noise abatement
type: Concept
definition: Measures to reduce noise at the source, to encourage quieter technologies or equipment or to prevent or reduce the propagation of sound. Measures may include the isolation and damping of vibration sources; the replacement of components with quieter parts and material; the enclosure of particularly noisy components; the provision of noise barriers, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: boj proti hluku @sk
alternative label: bullerbegränsning @sv
broader: noise reduction
related: noise legislation
related match: Noise mitigation
source: GILP96

noise analysis
type: Concept
definition: Determination of the frequency components that make up a particular noise being studied.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
related: noise spectrum
related: noise measurement
source: MGH

noise barrier
type: Concept
definition: Barriers for reducing the propagation of sound: they are widely used in industry and alongside roads and railways to shield receivers from noise sources. Barriers will not reduce the noise on the receivers side, but will increase it, unless the barrier is also covered in absorbing material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pantaila akustiko
alternative label: barijera za zaštitu od buke @hr
alternative label: ljudskärm @sv
broader: built structure
source: PARCOR

noise control
type: Concept
definition: The process to control the audible sound to an acceptable level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: smanjenje buke @hr
broader: noise monitoring
related: traffic noise control
related: noise exposure plan
source: LEE

noise disturbance
type: Concept
definition: Noise interferes with communication and interferes with thought processes. Noise interferes with sleep, it causes anger and frustration, and has been implicated as a contributor to various psychological and physiological problems. Noise detracts from the quality of life and the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zaratak eragindako asaldura
broader: noise effect
source: PZ

noise emission
type: Concept
definition: The release of noise into the environment from various sources that can be grouped in: transportation activities, industrial activities and daily normal activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zarata-emisio
alternative label: melupäästö @fi
broader: sound emission
related: environmental noise
source: DIFID

noise emission levy
type: Concept
definition: A mandatory sum of money levied by government upon producers of disturbing, harmful or unwanted sounds, frequently in the transportation or construction industries, to encourage reduction of sound levels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental tax
source: LANDY

noise-free technology
type: Concept
definition: Sound is radiated both as air-borne and as structure-borne; most sources produce both, thus various noise attenuation principles must be employed. Measures include: the replacement of components with quieter parts and material; the enclosure of particularly noisy components; the selection of quieter types of fan; the replacement of noisy compressed-air nozzles with quieter types; the choice of quieter transmission and cooling systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zaratarik gabeko teknologia
broader: environmental technology
source: GILP96

aromatic substance
type: Concept
definition: Substance having a distinctive, usually fragrant smell.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: food additive
narrower: flavouring
source: CED

noise immission
type: Concept
definition: Immission in the environment of acoustic vibrations that negatively affect human beings, animals, plants or other objects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sound immission
related: noise pollution
related: health hazard
source: RRDA

noise legislation
type: Concept
definition: Legislation introduced by many governments to prevent or restrict the emission of noise from industrial, commercial and domestic premises; from motor vehicles and aircraft; and from consumer appliances and equipment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: propisi o buci @hr
broader: health legislation
related: noise abatement
source: GILP96

noise level
type: Concept
definition: Physical quantity of unwanted sound measured, usually expressed in decibels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acoustic level
related: noise effect
related match: Noise (electronics)
source: KOREN

noise measurement
type: Concept
definition: The process of quantitatively determining one or more properties of acoustic noise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: measuring
related: noise analysis
source: MGH

noise monitoring
type: Concept
definition: The systematic deployment of monitoring equipment for the purpose of detecting or measuring quantitatively or qualitatively the presence, effect, or level of noise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zarata-kontrol
alternative label: monitoring buke @hr
broader: monitoring
narrower: noise control
source: GILP96

noise pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Noise in the environment which can be harmful to human beings, animals and plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile akustiko
broader: pollutant
narrower: environmental noise
related: noise pollution
source: ISEP

noise pollution
type: Concept
definition: Harmful or unwanted sounds in the environment, which in specific locals, can be measured and averaged over a period of time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura akustiko
broader: physical pollution
related: health effect of noise
related: noise immission
related: hearing impairment
related: low-level flight
related: noise pollutant
related: noise protection
source: APD

noise protection
type: Concept
definition: Adoption of measures for controlling noise pollution, such as restriction of the emission of noise from industrial, commercial and domestic premises, from motor vehicles and aircrafts, the provision of noise barriers and buffer zones, the fitting of sound attenuation equipment, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zarataren kontrako babes
broader: protective measure
related: acoustic comfort
related: noise pollution
related: hearing protection
source: CONFER
source: GILP96

noise reduction
type: Concept
definition: The reduction in the sound pressure level of a noise, or the attenuation of unwanted sound by any means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kohinanvaimennus @fi
broader: pollution abatement
narrower: noise abatement
related: silencer
related: acoustic insulation
source: CONFER

noise type
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: noise
narrower: airborne noise
narrower: intermittent noise
narrower: aerodynamic noise
narrower: structure-borne noise
narrower: steady noise
narrower: background noise
narrower: impulsive noise
narrower: rolling noise

arrangement for a deposit on packaging
type: Concept
definition: Agreement to provide refunds or payments in exchange for used bottles or packaging materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bilgarri-bahiturari b
broader: environmental tax
source: RHW

nomad
type: Concept
definition: 1) A member of a people or tribe who move from place to place to find pasture and food. 2) Nomads include gypsies, desert tribes such as the Bedouin and the many primitive tribes in the Americas, Asia and Australia. Herding survives as a way of life around the Sahara, in the Middle East, in Asia as far east as western India, and in the Asian parts of the USSR. The end of pastoral nomadism would be regrettable not merely on account of the independence and distinctiveness of this way of life but because this type of economy may be a more rational means of raising large numbers of animals under arid conditions than is capital-intensive ranching.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιπλανώμενος @el
alternative label: nomadisk @sv
broader: seasonal migration
source: CED
source: WPR

nomenclature
type: Concept
definition: A system of names or terms, particularly those related to a specific area of science or art, or the assignment of names to things.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terminology
source: OED

non-biodegradable pollutant
type: Concept
definition: An organic compound, usually synthetic, that is not decomposed or mineralized by microorganisms or other biological processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μη βιοαποδομήσιμος ρύπος @el
alternative label: poluitzaile ez-biodegradagarri
broader: pollutant
related: weakly degradable substance
source: FFD

non-built-up area
type: Concept
definition: Areas which are not intensely developed for housing, commerce, industry, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eremu eraikigabe
broader: land setup
narrower: nursery garden
narrower: rural area
narrower: landfill
narrower: polder
narrower: mining district
narrower: fallow land
source: LANDY

non-conventional energy
type: Concept
definition: Energy that is renewable and ecologically safe, such as tidal power, wind power, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy type
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9335
narrower: thermal sea power
narrower: geothermal energy
narrower: solar energy
narrower: biomass energy
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9259
related match: Renewable energy
source: PHC

non-ferrous metal industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry that deals with the processing of metals other than iron and iron-base alloys.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metallurgical industry
source: MGH

arsenic
type: Concept
definition: A toxic metalloid element, existing in several allotropic forms, that occurs principally in realgar and orpiment and as the free element. It is used in transistors, lead-based alloys, and high temperature brasses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group V
source: CED

non-ferrous metal
type: Concept
definition: Any metal other than iron and its alloys.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metallic mineral
related: metal
related match: Ferrous
source: MGH

non-governmental organisation
type: Concept
definition: Private, voluntary, non-profit organisations, acting as pressure groups. Throughout the world there are more than 5.000 international NGOs which are concerned with the environment and development, with millions of supporters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: institutional structure
narrower: nature conservation organisation
related match: Non-governmental organization
source: WRIGHT

non-ionising radiation
type: Concept
definition: Radiation that does not change the structure of atoms but does heat tissue and may cause harmful biological effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radiation
narrower: microwave
narrower: light
narrower: ultraviolet radiation
narrower: infrared radiation
related match: Non-ionizing radiation
source: LEE

non-metallic mineral
type: Concept
definition: Minerals containing non-metals, such as quartz, garnet, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mineral
narrower: asbestos
narrower: chalk
source: RRDA

non-metal
type: Concept
definition: A nonmetallic element, such as arsenic or silicon, that has some of the properties of a metal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metal
related match: Nonmetal
source: CED

non-polluting energy source
type: Concept
definition: Energy that is ecologically safe and renewable. The most widely used source is hydroelectric power, which currently supplies some 6.6% of the world's energy needs. Other non-polluting sources are solar energy, tidal energy, wave energy and wind energy. Most non-polluting energy sources require a high capital investment but have low running costs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: energia-iturri ez-poluitzaile
broader: energy source
source: GILP96
source: UVAROV

non-polluting fuel
type: Concept
definition: Clean fuel that does not release polluting emissions in the environment, such as methane.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καθαρό καύσιμο @el
alternative label: erregai ez-poluitzaile
alternative label: gorivo koje ne onečišćuje okoliš @hr
broader: fuel
source: RRDA

art
type: Concept
definition: The creation of works of beauty or other special significance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καλλιτεχνικά @el
broader: cultural heritage
source: CED

non-renewable energy resource
type: Concept
definition: Non-renewable resources have been built up or evolved over a geological time-span and cannot be used without depleting the stock and raising questions of ultimate exhaustibility, since their rate of formation is so slow as to be meaningless in terms of the human life-span.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-renewable resource
related: fossil fuel
related: energy production
source: GOOD

non-renewable resource
type: Concept
definition: A natural resource which, in terms of human time scales, is contained within the Earth in a fixed quantity and therefore can be used once only in the foreseeable future (although it may be recycled after its first use). This includes the fossil fuels and is extended to include mineral resources and sometimes ground water, although water and many minerals are renewed eventually.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: resource
narrower: non-renewable energy resource
related: mineral resource
source: ALL

non-residential building
type: Concept
definition: Area which provides commercial, industrial, and public facilities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: building
narrower: ministry building
narrower: government building
narrower: public building
related: human settlement
source: HARRIS

non-returnable container
type: Concept
definition: Any container for which no specific provisions for its return from the consumer or final use has been established.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ez itzultzeko ontzi
broader: container
related: packaging
source: PORT

non-target organism
type: Concept
definition: A plant or animal other than the one against which the pesticide is applied.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental target
source: JJK

norm
type: Concept
definition: An established standard, guide, or regulation. A principle or regulation set up by authority, prescribing or directing action or forbearance; as the rules of a legislative body, of a company, court, public office, of the law, of ethics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τύπος @el
alternative label: πρότυπο @el
alternative label: μέτρο @el
alternative label: standard @hr
alternative label: normativ @hr
alternative label: pravilo @hr
broader: technical regulation
narrower: pollution norm
source: WESTS

normalisation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technical regulation
related match: Normalization

North Africa
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of the African continent south of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, and north of Africa's tropical rain forest, including Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and the Egyptian region west of the Suez Canal, and also the Sahara Desert and Atlas Mountains.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Africa
source: INP
source: RHW

North America
type: Concept
definition: A continent in the northern half of the western hemisphere, bounded by the Arctic Ocean in the north, by the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea in the west, and by the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico in the east, connected to South America by the Isthmus of Panama, and including the United States, Canada, Mexico and several small island nations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Americas
source: INP

North Atlantic Ocean
type: Concept
definition: The northern part of the Atlantic Ocean, extending northward from the equator to the Arctic Ocean.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Sjeverni Atlantik @hr
alternative label: Norra Atlanten @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
narrower: Wadden Sea
related match: Atlantic Ocean
source: AMHER

North Pacific Ocean
type: Concept
definition: An ocean north of the equator between the eastern coast of Asia and the western coasts of the Americas, extending northward to the arctic region, with principal arms including the Gulf of Alaska, the Sea of Okhotsk, the Sea of Japan and the Bering, Yellow, East China, South China and Philippine seas, and islands including the Aleutian, Midway, Marshall and Hawaiian islands, the Japanese island arc and the Malay Archipelago.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Iparraldeko Ozeano Barea
alternative label: Sjeverni Pacifik @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
related match: Pacific Ocean
source: INP

acoustic level
type: Concept
definition: Physical quantity of sound measured, usually expressed in decibels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: akustička razina @hr
broader: parameter
narrower: decibel
narrower: loudness
narrower: noise level
narrower: sound level
related: sound immission
related: sound
source: KOREN

novel food
type: Concept
definition: Genetically engineered foods. Novel foods, including those altered using biotechnology, should not differ 'significantly' from the foods they are to replace. Labels should not be misleading, but must make clear any differences between the novel food and its 'conventional' alternative, and must say how that difference was achieved. Foods containing a genetically modified living organism, such as a live yogurt made with an altered culture, would always be labelled. Any food whose modification might raise moral or health worries to consumers would also have to carry a label. This would include genes from an animal considered unclean by some religions, or from a plant that might cause allergic reactions. However, foods which, although made using novel methods, are identical to conventional foods, would not have to be labelled.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: genetski modificirana hrana @hr
alternative label: GMO hrana @hr
scope note: genetically enginereed food @en
broader: foodstuff
source: MOND

nuclear accident
type: Concept
definition: An event occurring in a nuclear power plant or anywhere that radioactive materials are used, stored, or transported and involving the release of potentially dangerous levels of radioactive materials into the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nuklearna nesreća @hr
broader: major accident
narrower: core meltdown
related: nuclear hazard
related: radiation damage
related: radioactive contamination
related match: Nuclear and radiation accidents
source: FEMA

arthropod
type: Concept
definition: The largest phylum in the animal kingdom; adults typically have segmented body, a sclerotized integument, and many-jointed segmental limbs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: leddjur @sv
broader: Articulata
narrower: insect
narrower: crustacean
narrower: chelicerate
source: MGH

nuclear energy
type: Concept
definition: Energy released by nuclear fission or nuclear fusion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: conventional energy
related: nuclear reaction
related match: Nuclear power
source: MGH

nuclear energy legislation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy legislation

nuclear energy use
type: Concept
definition: Nuclear energy is employed in the industrial sector, in the production of other energy types, in the medical and scientific research field, in transportation, in the production of nuclear weapons, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: iskorištavanje nuklearne energije @hr
broader: energy utilisation
source: RRDA

nuclear explosion (accident)
type: Concept
definition: An unintentional release of energy from a rapid reaction of atomic nuclei yielding high temperatures and radiation potentially harmful to human health and the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human-made disaster
related: nuclear reaction
related match: Nuclear and radiation accidents
source: ISEP
source: RHW

Articulata
type: Concept
definition: Animals characterized by the repetition of similar segments (metameres), exhibited especially by arthropods, annelids, and vertebrates in early embryonic stages and in certain specialized adult structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: articulata
broader: invertebrate
narrower: annelid
narrower: arthropod
source: MGH

nuclear facility
type: Concept
definition: A place, including buildings, where all the activities relating to nuclear research are performed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial installation
related match: Nuclear power
source: CAMB

nuclear fission
type: Concept
definition: The division of an atomic nucleus into parts of comparable mass; usually restricted to heavier nuclei such as isotopes of uranium, plutonium, and thorium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: cijepanje atomske jezgre @hr
broader: nuclear reaction
source: MGH

nuclear fuel
type: Concept
definition: Nuclear fuels are obtained from inorganic minerals extracted by mining. Although they are at least partially consumed when used in nuclear reactors for the production of heat, they differ from fossil fuels in the way they release energy. Burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and gas, is a chemical reaction. Nuclear fuels, such as uranium, are destroyed by a process of spontaneous disintegration, called fission, and prompted by natural radioactivity. If the process is left to occur naturally in uranium-bearing rock, the rate of change is imperceptibly small. In a man-made nuclear reactor the energy-releasing processes of disintegration, which in the natural state happen slowly over thousands of millions of years, are compressed into minutes. The release of energy is harnessed to generate steam which drives electricity generators.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fuel
narrower: enriched uranium
narrower: nuclear fuel element
related: nuclear reactor
source: WRIGHT

nuclear fuel element
type: Concept
definition: A piece of nuclear fuel which has been formed and coated, and is ready to be placed in a reactor fuel assembly.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nuclear fuel
source: MGH

nuclear fusion
type: Concept
definition: Combination of two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus with release of some binding energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nuclear reaction
source: MGH

nuclear physics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the characteristics, behaviour and internal structures of the atomic nucleus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physics
narrower: radiation physics
source: MGH

nuclear debate
type: Concept
definition: The ongoing, public discussion and dispute over the uses of energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: energia nuklearrari buruzko eztabaida
broader: opinion
source: ISEP
source: MHD

nuclear power plant
type: Concept
definition: A power plant in which nuclear energy is converted into heat for use in producing steam for turbines, which in turn drive generators that produce electric power.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πυρηνικός σταθμός @el
broader: electric power plant
related: nuclear safety
related match: Nuclear power
source: MGH

nuclear power plant disposal
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zentral nuklearretako hondakin erradioa
broader: waste disposal

nuclear reaction
type: Concept
definition: A reaction involving a change in an atomic nucleus, such as fission, fusion, neutron capture, or radioactive decay, as distinct from a chemical reaction, which is limited to changes in the electron structure surrounding the nucleus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical process
narrower: nuclear fission
narrower: nuclear fusion
related: nuclear explosion (accident)
related: nuclear energy
related: ionising radiation
source: MGH

nuclear reactor
type: Concept
definition: Device which creates heat and energy by starting and controlling atomic fission.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reactor
narrower: fast reactor
related: reactor safety
related: nuclear fuel
related: nuclear risk
related match: Nuclear reactor technology
source: PHC

nuclear research centre
type: Concept
definition: A facility in which scientists and other researchers study the behavior and characteristics of atomic nuclei through testing and other forms of experimentation, often to invent new technology with scientific, medical and industrial purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: research centre
source: RAD
source: MHD

nuclear safety
type: Concept
definition: Measures and techniques implemented to reduce the possibility of incidence and the potential harm posed by radioactive substances used as an energy source, a test material or in weaponry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kärnkraftssäkerhet @sv
broader: safety measure
related: nuclear power plant
source: MHD

nuclear test
type: Concept
definition: Test performed to evaluate nuclear weapons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: test nuklear
alternative label: jadrová skúška @sk
broader: test
related match: Nuclear weapons testing
source: PHC

nuclear weapon
type: Concept
definition: Any bomb, warhead, or projectile using active nuclear material to cause a chain reaction upon detonation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9267
source: MGH

nucleic acid
type: Concept
definition: Any of several organic acids combined with proteins (DNA or RNA) which exist in the nucleus and protoplasm of all cells.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
related: DNA
source: PHC

nuisance
type: Concept
definition: Anything that affects or prejudices health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ενόχληση @el
alternative label: παρενόχληση @el
alternative label: arazo
alternative label: traba
alternative label: vahinko @fi
alternative label: immissiovahinko @fi
alternative label: ometanje @hr
alternative label: obťažovanie @sk
alternative label: olägenhet @sv
broader: disease
source: GILP96

nursery (plant breeding)
type: Concept
definition: Place where plants are grown until they are large enough to be planted in their final positions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultivation
source: PHC

nutrient medium
type: Concept
definition: A medium providing or contributing to nourishment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elikatze-ingurune
broader: product
broader: chemical
related: cultivation
related match: Growth medium
source: CED

nutrient balance
type: Concept
definition: Condition in which there is equilibrium between intake and excretion of nutrients.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: balance of matter
source: STEDMA

nutrient content
type: Concept
definition: The amount of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, inorganic salts (e.g. nitrates, phosphates), minerals (e.g. calcium, iron), and water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elikagai-eduki
broader: concentration (value)
source: PORT

nutrient cycle
type: Concept
definition: A biogeochemical cycle, in which inorganic nutrients move through the soil, living organisms, air and water or through some of these.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elikagaien ziklo
broader: biogeochemical cycle
related match: Biogeochemical cycle
source: ALL2

nutrient removal
type: Concept
definition: Elimination of nutrients as, for example, from sewage in order to prevent eutrophication of water in reservoirs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
source: PHC

nutrient
type: Concept
definition: Chemical elements which are involved in the construction of living tissue and which are needed by both plant and animal. The most important in terms of bulk are carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, with other essential ones including nitrogen, potassium, calcium, sulphur and phosphorus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nutrijent @hr
broader: ecological parameter
source: WRIGHT

nutrition
type: Concept
definition: A process in animals and plants involving the intake of nutrient materials and their subsequent assimilation into the tissues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θρέψη @el
alternative label: elikatze
alternative label: prehranjivanje @hr
alternative label: födoämnen @sv
narrower: applied nutrition
narrower: animal nutrition
narrower: staple food
narrower: high protein food
related: foodstuff
source: CED

nutritive value of food
type: Concept
definition: The measure of the quantity or availability of nutrients found in materials ingested and utilized by humans or animals as a source of nutrition and energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: food quality
source: MHD
source: RHW

oak
type: Concept
definition: Any tree of the genus Quercus in the order Fagales, characterized by simple, usually lobed leaves, scaly winter buds, a star-shaped pith, and its fruit, the acorn, which is a nut; the wood is tough, hard, and durable, generally having a distinct pattern.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: flowering plant
source: MGH

objection
type: Concept
definition: The act of a party who objects to some matter or proceeding in the course of a trial or an argument or reason urged by him in support of his contention that the matter or proceeding objected to is improper or illegal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αντίρρηση @el
broader: judicial system
source: BLACK

obligation to inform
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: informatzeko betebehar
broader: industrial policy

obligation to label
type: Concept
definition: The legal responsibility or duty compelling manufacturers to affix certain marks or other written identification to their products, as is directed by laws, regulations or government standards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etiketa jartzeko betebehar
broader: product identification
source: BLD
source: FPL

occupational disease
type: Concept
definition: A functional or organic disease caused by factors arising from the operations or materials of an individual's industry, trade, or occupation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lanbide-eritasun
alternative label: profesionalno oboljenje @hr
alternative label: arbetssjukdom @sv
alternative label: yrkessjukdom @sv
broader: human disease
narrower: asbestosis
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9369
source: MGH

occupational group
type: Concept
definition: A collection of people who earn their living by similar or identical means of work.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σωματείο επαγγελματιών @el
alternative label: lanbide-talde
alternative label: yrkesgrupp @sv
broader: pressure group
source: RHW

occupational health
type: Concept
definition: An area of statutory duty imposed on employers and employees in most countries, for the protection of the workforce from occupational diseases and stresses and physical hazards through adequate planning, ventilation, lighting, safeguards, safety and emergency procedures, routine inspections, monitoring, personal protection, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υγιεινή της εργασίας @el
alternative label: arbetsmiljö @sv
broader: health care
narrower: occupational health care
related match: Occupational safety and health
source: GILP96

occupational health care
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zdravstvena zaštita na radnom mjestu @hr
broader: occupational health
related: prevention measure
related: respiratory protection apparatus

occupational medicine
type: Concept
definition: The branch of medicine which deals with the relationship of humans to their occupations, for the purpose of the prevention of disease and injury and the promotion of optimal health, productivity, and social adjustment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial medicine
source: MGH

occupational safety
type: Concept
definition: An area of statutory duty imposed on employers and employees in most countries, for the protection of the workforce from occupational disease and stresses and physical hazards through appropriate measures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ασφάλεια στην εργασία @el
alternative label: säkerhet mot arbetsskador @sv
alternative label: arbetssäkerhet @sv
alternative label: arbetsmiljö @sv
broader: safety measure
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9375
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9366
related match: Occupational safety and health
source: GILP96

occupational safety regulation
type: Concept
definition: Law enacted to reduce the incidence among workers of personal injuries, illnesses, and deaths resulting from employment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: förordning om arbetarskydd @sv
broader: regulation
source: BLACK

ocean
type: Concept
definition: The mass of water occupying all of the Earth's surface not occupied by land, but excluding all lakes and inland seas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ozeano
broader: sea
source: WHIT

artificial lake
type: Concept
definition: Lakes created behind manmade barriers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laku artifizial
broader: reservoir
related match: Reservoir
source: PARCOR

ocean circulation
type: Concept
definition: Water current flow in a closed circular pattern within an ocean.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrologic cycle
narrower: ocean current
narrower: ocean temperature
related match: Ocean current
source: MGH

ocean current
type: Concept
definition: A net transport of ocean water along a definable path.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ocean circulation
source: MGH

ocean dumping
type: Concept
definition: The process by which pollutants, including sewage, industrial waste, consumer waste, and agricultural and urban runoff are discharged into the world's oceans. These pollutants arise from a myriad of sources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsasora isurtze
broader: sinking of waste
related match: Marine debris

Oceania
type: Concept
definition: The islands of the southern, western and central Pacific Ocean, including Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. The term is sometimes extended to encompass Australia, New Zealand, and the Malay Archipelago.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
source: AMHER

oceanography
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study and exploration of the oceans and seas in all their aspects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9231
narrower: chemical oceanography
narrower: estuarine oceanography
narrower: physical oceanography
source: MGH

ocean temperature
type: Concept
definition: A measure, referenced to a standard value, of the heat or coldness in a body of oceanic water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: temperatura vode u oceanima @hr
alternative label: temperatura oceanskih voda @hr
broader: ocean circulation
source: RHW

odonate
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect
narrower: dragonfly
related match: Odonata

odour
type: Concept
definition: The property of a substance affecting the sense of smell; any smell; scent; perfume.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: neugodan miris @hr
broader: physical property
related: air pollution
related match: Odor
source: LEE

odour nuisance
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: usainen gogaikarri
alternative label: neugodan miris @hr
broader: nausea

environmental criminality
type: Concept
definition: Unlawful acts against the environment, such as water contamination, hazardous waste disposal, air contamination, unpermitted installation of plants, oil spills, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kaznena djela protiv okoliša @hr
broader: criminality
source: AZENP

office
type: Concept
definition: Any room, set of rooms or building used for the administration of government service, business transactions or other work related activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poslovne prostorije @hr
broader: community facility
source: RHW

official duty
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: officiell förpliktelse @sv
broader: administrative competence

official hearing
type: Concept
definition: Proceedings of relative formality, with definite issues of fact or of law to be tried, in which witnesses are heard and parties proceeded against have right to be heard.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: službeno saslušanje @hr
alternative label: officiell domstolsbehandling @sv
alternative label: officiell handläggning @sv
broader: judicial system
related: public hearing
source: WESTS

off-peak commuting
type: Concept
definition: Traveling back and forth regularly over some distance, outside of the hours of maximum traffic frequency.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: commuting
source: RHW

off-peak travelling
type: Concept
definition: Relating to travelling outside rush-hours to avoid overcrowding in public means of transport.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic
source: WPR

off-peak working
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: labour force

offset policy (emissions trading)
type: Concept
definition: Policy whereby emissions from a proposed new or modified stationary source are balanced by reductions from existing sources to stabilise total emissions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial environmental policy
source: EPAGLO

offshore mining
type: Concept
definition: Oil extraction from platforms situated a short distance from the coast.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mining
source: RRDA

offshore oil drilling
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of extracting petroleum from deposits underlying the floor of the ocean or some other large body of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: drilling for oil
related match: Offshore drilling
source: ENC

off-site
type: Concept
definition: Activities taking place or located away from the site.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: extern @sv
broader: parameter
broader: subject
source: AMHER

oil binding agent
type: Concept
definition: Highly absorbent agents used for physically removing spilled oil in case of leakages and oil accidents occurring in water bodies, industry, work-shops, on roads, etc. Materials that have been found useful for this service vary from simple, naturally occurring materials such as straw, sawdust, and peat to synthetic agents, such as polyurethane foam and polystyrene powder.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: agente petrolio-xurgatzaile
alternative label: apsorbent ulja @hr
broader: chemical product
related: oil pollution
source: FUNKE
source: PZ

oil-based energy
type: Concept
definition: Energy produced using oil as fuel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: petroliotik eratorritako energia
broader: conventional energy
related: fuel consumption
source: PHC

oil boom
type: Concept
definition: A floating device used to contain oil on a body of water. Once the boom has been inflated, it is towed downwind of the oil slick and formed into a U-shape; under the influence of wind, the oil becomes trapped within the boom. Skimming equipment travels into the boom enclosure and the oil is pumped into containers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: purification facility
related: oil disaster
source: EPAGLO
source: GILP

oil disaster
type: Concept
definition: The disaster caused by the dumping and accidental spillage of oil into waterways from ships and land-based or offshore installations. Oil pollution may destroy or damage aquatic life and wildlife such as birds, contaminate water supplies and create fire hazards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oljekatastrof @sv
broader: human-made disaster
related: oil boom
related: oil recovery vessel
related: oil spill
related: oil pollution
source: GILP96

oil exploration
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: petrolio-prospekzio
alternative label: petrolio-miaketa
broader: oil extraction
related match: Hydrocarbon exploration

oil extraction
type: Concept
definition: Recovery of oil by surface mining, as in tar sands or oil shales, or from tunnels in a shallow reservoir.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: crpljenje nafte @hr
broader: extraction
narrower: oil exploration
related: drilling for oil
related: petroleum
related: oil pipeline
related match: Extraction of petroleum
source: BJGEO

oil and fat industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the production and processing of edible oils and fats.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: food industry
source: RRDA

oil pipeline
type: Concept
definition: A line of pipe connected to valves and other control devices, for conducting oil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πετρελαιαγωγός @el
broader: pipeline
related: oil extraction
source: MGH

oil pollution
type: Concept
definition: Contamination of any ecosystem, but usually of freshwater or marine ecosystems, by oil or other petroleum products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρύπανση από υδρογονάνθρακες @el
alternative label: petrolio-poluzio
broader: pollution type
narrower: oil spill
narrower: spillage
related: oil binding agent
related: oil disaster
related match: Oil spill
source: ISEP

oil pollution abatement
type: Concept
definition: There are various systems for the abatement of oil pollution at sea: the "Load-on-top" system involves passing the washing from tank cleaning operations and residue from discharge of the original ballast water to an empty cargo tank nominated as the "slop" tank. Fresh oil cargo is loaded on top of the final residue left after further discharges of water, the resulting mixture being acceptable to refineries despite some additional cost in removing the salt and water. Under the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, all oil-carrying ships will be required to be capable of operating with this method of retention, or alternatively to discharge to reception facilities. Another method consists in spraying on the oil dispersives and/or blasting straw and sawdust, functioning as "blotting paper", onto water, beaches, rocks and docks. The Vikoma System for the containment of oil spills at sea, developed by British Petroleum, a seaboom of about 500 metres in length, is inflated and towed downwind of the oil slick and formed into a U-shape; under the influence of wind, the oil becomes trapped within the boom. Skimming equipment travels into the boom enclosure and the oil is pumped into containers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: petrolio-poluzioaren gutxitze
broader: pollution abatement
source: GILP

oil recovery vessel
type: Concept
definition: Boats used for recovering oil spilled at sea from oil tankers. The recommended procedure is to contain and physically recover the spill with or without the use of adsorbents. This approach entails three processes: a) confinement of the spill by spill booms; b) recovery of the spill by sorbing agents; c) physical removal of the contained oil by oil pick-up devices.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ship
related: oil disaster
source: JBFENV
source: PZ

oil refinery
type: Concept
definition: System of process units used to convert crude petroleum into fuels, lubricants, and other petroleum-derived products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: refinery
related: petroleum industry
source: MGH

oil refining
type: Concept
definition: The separation of petroleum mixtures into their component parts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fintze
broader: physicochemical treatment
related match: Oil refinery
source: ZINZAN

oil residue recuperation
type: Concept
definition: The recovery of oil that is leftover or left behind, usually following the primary containment operations for an oil spill.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: intervention on land
source: OED

oil shale
type: Concept
definition: A kerogen-bearing, finely laminated brown or black sedimentary rock that will yield liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons on distillation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mineral deposit
source: BJGEO

oil slick
type: Concept
definition: The mass of oil that floats on a surface of water, which is discharged accidentally, naturally or by design, and can be moved by currents, tides and the wind.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: accident source
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9202
related match: Oil spill
source: ALL

oil spill
type: Concept
definition: The accidental release of oil, or other petroleum products usually into freshwater or marine ecosystems, and usually in large quantities. It can be controlled by chemical dispersion, combustion, mechanical containment, and absorption.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απόρριψη πετρελαίου @el
broader: oil pollution
related: oil disaster
source: LANDY
source: RRDA

oil tanker
type: Concept
definition: A very large ship which carries crude oil or other petroleum products in big tanks.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δεξαμενόπλοιο @el
alternative label: petrolio-itsasontzi
alternative label: naftni tanker @hr
broader: tanker (ship)
source: MGH

old landfill site
type: Concept
definition: Landfill that has been filled and covered with topsoil and seeded. The most common end use for landfills is open spaces with no active recreation taking place over the completed landfill. The obvious reason for this use is that the completed surface is steeply sloped to provide rapid runoff. Also, no irrigation of the cover grasses should be allowed. It is very unlikely to think that commercial or industrial buildings will be constructed on a completed landfill. If the end use is such that the public will be walking on the site, it is important that all manholes be properly secured, leachate lagoons fenced, and other potential hazards eliminated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zatvoreno odlagalište otpada @hr
alternative label: gammalt deponi @sv
broader: landfill
source: CORBIT

polluted site
type: Concept
definition: Any place that has been made unclean or unsafe by the discharge of high concentrations of hazardous or detrimental substances into its water, soil or atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gune kutsatu
broader: land setup
related: soil pollution
related: area of potential pollution
related match: Brownfield land
source: DOE

antiquated plant
type: Concept
definition: Old installation that do not respond to new rules for the prevention of environmental pollution and whose redevelopment requires investments for adopting technologies related to the protection of waterways, waste management, noise reduction and emission control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zastarjeli pogon @hr
broader: industrial installation
source: RRDA

olfactory pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution produced by gaseous emissions in the atmosphere that, even in very small amounts, may cause injuries or a condition of general unease or sickness to persons living in the vicinity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: usaimen-poluzio
broader: pollution type
source: FLGISA

olfactometry
type: Concept
definition: The testing and measurement of the sensitivity of the sense of smell.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mjerenje neugodnih mirisa @hr
broader: laboratory technique
source: WEBSTE

onchocerciasis
type: Concept
definition: Infection with the filaria Onchocerca volvulus; results in skin tumours, papular dermatitis, and ocular complications.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9426
source: MGH

artificial satellite
type: Concept
definition: Any man-made object placed in a near-periodic orbit in which it moves mainly under the gravitational influence of one celestial body, such as the earth, sun, another planet, or a planet's moon.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: equipment
narrower: observation satellite
related: satellite image
related: satellite
related match: Satellite
source: MGH

oncology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the causes, development, characteristics, and treatment of tumors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
source: MGH

opencast mining
type: Concept
definition: Extracting metal ores and minerals that lie near the surface by removing the overlying material and breaking and loading the ore.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aire zabaleko meategi
broader: mining
related match: Open-pit mining
source: MGH

open sea fishing
type: Concept
definition: Fishing in the deepest parts of the sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ur handitako arrantza
alternative label: alturako arrantza
broader: marine fishery
source: PHC

operating data
type: Concept
definition: Data referring to the practical carrying-out of a process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental data
source: ZINZAN

opinion
type: Concept
definition: Judgement or belief not founded on certainty or proof.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γνώμη @el
alternative label: uste
alternative label: aburu
alternative label: stajalište @hr
alternative label: utlåtande @sv
alternative label: yttrande @sv
alternative label: uppfattning @sv
broader: social dynamics
narrower: trend of opinion
narrower: public opinion
narrower: public domain
narrower: nuclear debate
narrower: public discussion
source: CED

installation optimisation
type: Concept
definition: Adjustments made to a building or to a mechanical or electrical system or apparatus in order to maximize its functionality and efficiency.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: impact reversal
broader: installation restoration
source: OED

ore
type: Concept
definition: A mineral or mineral aggregate, more or less mixed with gangue, that can be worked and treated at a profit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: raw material
narrower: alumina
related: rock
source: ALL

organ
type: Concept
definition: A fully differentiated structural and functional unit, such as a kidney or a root, in an animal or plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: anatomy
narrower: plant component
narrower: skin
source: CED

organic carbon
type: Concept
definition: Carbon which comes from an animal or plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: total organic carbon
narrower: dissolved organic carbon
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9214
related match: Total organic carbon
source: PHC

organic chemistry
type: Concept
definition: A branch of chemistry dealing with the study of composition, reaction, properties, etc. of organic compounds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemistry
source: LEE

organic farming
type: Concept
definition: Farming without the use of industrially made fertilizers or pesticides.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nekazaritza biologiko
alternative label: biodynamisk odling @sv
broader: farming technique
source: ALL

acoustic property
type: Concept
definition: The characteristics found within a structure that determine the quality of sound in its relevance to hearing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acoustics
narrower: sound propagation
narrower: sound transmission
source: KOREN

organic pollutant
type: Concept
definition: A plant- or animal-produced pollutant containing mainly carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile organiko
broader: chemical pollutant
narrower: halogenated pollutant
narrower: persistant organic pollutant
related: organic pollution
source: ERG

asbestos
type: Concept
definition: Generic name for a group of fibrous mineral silicates. It includes blue asbestos (crocidolite), white asbestos (chrysotile) and brown asbestos (amosite). After they are mined the asbestos fibres are separated from the rock and are spun into a cloth. When inhaled the fibres penetrate the lungs and the tissues of the bronchial tubes, resulting in asbestosis, a crippling lung disease. Asbestos also causes cancer of the lung and the gastro-intestinal tract, and mesothelioma, a malignant cancer of the inner lining of the chest. However, because it is a poor conductor of electricity and highly resistant to heat it has been widely used over the years in fire-fighting suits, and building and insulating materials. The fibrous form of several silicate minerals, at one time widely used for electrical and thermal insulation; the use of all forms of asbestos is now either banned or strictly controlled in many countries since it causes cancer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: asbesto
broader: non-metallic mineral
related: natural material
source: ALL
source: WRIGHT

organic solvent
type: Concept
definition: Organic materials, including diluents and thinners, which are liquids at standard conditions and which are used as dissolvers, viscosity reducers, or cleaning agents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: solvent
related match: Solvent
source: LEE

organic substance
type: Concept
definition: Chemical compounds, based on carbon chains or rings and also containing hydrogen with or without oxygen, nitrogen, or other elements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
narrower: aromatic compound
narrower: organohalogen compound
narrower: heterocyclic compound
narrower: cyanate
narrower: hydrocarbon
narrower: polymer
narrower: organonitrogen compound
narrower: organooxygen compound
narrower: organosulphur compound
narrower: organometallic compound
narrower: aliphatic compound
narrower: alkyl compound
narrower: organic carbon
related match: Organic compound
source: MGH

organic waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste containing carbon compounds; derived from animal and plant materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: compostable waste
broader: type of waste
related match: Biodegradable waste
source: PUE

organism
type: Concept
definition: An individual constituted to carry out all life functions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biosphere
narrower: flora (biology)
narrower: test organism
narrower: fauna
narrower: plant (biology)
narrower: beneficial organism
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9313
narrower: pest
narrower: animal
narrower: soil organism
narrower: aquatic organism
narrower: procaryote
narrower: micro-organism
narrower: pathogenic organism
related: genetically modified organism
source: MGH

organochlorine compound
type: Concept
definition: Organic compounds containing a C-Cl bond.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klororganisk förening @sv
broader: halogenated hydrocarbon
narrower: chlorinated hydrocarbon
related match: Organochloride
source: RRDA

organohalogen compound
type: Concept
definition: Organic compounds containing a C-halogen bond.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: halogenated hydrocarbon
related: halogenated pollutant
related: halogenated compound
source: RRDA

organometallic compound
type: Concept
definition: Molecules containing carbon-metal linkage; a compound containing an alkyl or aryl radical bonded to a metal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: organophosphorous compound
narrower: organotin compound
narrower: organosilicon compound
related match: Organometallic chemistry
source: MGH

organonitrogen compound
type: Concept
definition: Organic compounds having a C-N bond.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: organic nitrogen
narrower: amine
narrower: nitro compound
narrower: amino acid
narrower: purin
source: RRDA

organooxygen compound
type: Concept
definition: Compounds, both aliphatic and aromatic, which have a C-O bond, including alcohols, aldehydes, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: ether
narrower: furan
narrower: phenol
narrower: dioxin
narrower: alcohol
source: RRDA

organophosphorous compound
type: Concept
definition: Pesticides that contain phosphorous; short-lived, but some can be toxic when first applied.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organometallic compound
source: EPAGLO

organosilicon compound
type: Concept
definition: Any natural substance composed of two or more unlike atoms held together by chemical bonds and containing silicon, a non-metallic element often found in rocks or minerals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organometallic compound
related match: Organosilicon
source: RHW

organosulphur compound
type: Concept
definition: One of a group of substances which contain both carbon and sulfur.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
source: MGH

organotin compound
type: Concept
definition: Chemical compounds used in anti-foulant paints to protect the hulls of boats and ships, buoys and pilings from marine organisms such as barnacles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organometallic compound
related match: Organotin chemistry
source: EPAGLO

asbestos cement
type: Concept
definition: A hardened mixture of asbestos fibers, Portland cement and water used in relatively thin slabs for shingles, wallboard and siding.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air pollutant
related: building material
source: WEBSTE

ornithology
type: Concept
definition: The branch of zoology that deals with the study of birds, including their physiology, classification, ecology, and behaviour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9425
source: AMHER
source: CED

orography
type: Concept
definition: A rarely used word referring to the study of mountain systems and the depiction of their relief.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geography
source: WHIT

orthopteran
type: Concept
definition: A heterogeneous order of generalized insects with gradual metamorphosis, chewing mouthparts, and four wings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect
narrower: cockroach
narrower: grasshopper
related match: Orthoptera
source: MGH

osmosis
type: Concept
definition: The passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane separating two solutions of different concentrations. A semipermeable membrane is one through which the molecules of a solvent can pass but the molecules of most solutes cannot. There is a thermodynamic tendency for solutions separated by such a membrane to become equal in concentration, the water (or other solvent) flowing from the weaker to the stronger solution. Osmosis will stop when the two solutions reach equal concentration, and can also be stopped by applying a pressure to the liquid on the stronger-solution side of the membrane. The pressure required to stop the flow from a pure solvent into a solution is a characteristic of the solution, and is called the osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure depends only on the concentration of particles in the solution, not on their nature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical process
narrower: reverse osmosis
source: DICCHE

ASEAN
type: Concept
definition: Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ASEAN-staterna @sv
alternative label: Sydostasiatiska nationers förbund @sv
broader: international organisation
source: MIIS

local recreation
type: Concept
definition: A pastime, diversion, exercise or other means of enjoyment and relaxation that is carried out in a particular city, town or small district.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokiko jolas-jarduera
alternative label: lokal rekreation @sv
broader: leisure activity
source: RHW

overburden
type: Concept
definition: The material such as soil and rock lying above a mineral deposit that must be removed in order to work the deposit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επιφανειακές γαίες @el
alternative label: υπερκείμενα @el
alternative label: πλεονάζον υλικό @el
alternative label: gehiegizko karga
alternative label: irtomaa @fi
alternative label: ytbädd @sv
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9106
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
narrower: waste income
narrower: waste disposal
source: GILP96

overcrowding
type: Concept
definition: An excess of people gathered together in a confined space.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jende-metatze
broader: overpopulation
related match: Overpopulation
source: ZINZAN

overexploitation
type: Concept
definition: The use of raw materials excessively without considering the long-term ecological impacts of such use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: impact source
related: degradation of the environment
source: WPR

overfertilisation
type: Concept
definition: Putting too much fertilizer on land; the runoff from overfertilisation can cause water pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prehnojovanie @sk
broader: soil fertilisation
related: soil pollution
source: PHC

ash
type: Concept
definition: The incombustible matter remaining after a substance has been incinerated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σποδός @el
alternative label: στάχτη @el
broader: miscellaneous product
related: incineration residue
related: combustion residue
related: fly ash
source: MGH

overfishing
type: Concept
definition: Taking out of the sea more than natural population growth can sustain. Overfishing has a number of causes, the most ruthless being "chronic over capacity" of modern fishing fleets to effectively take far more fish than can be replaced.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fishery
source: WPR

overgrazing
type: Concept
definition: Intensive grazing by animals, for example cattle, sheep or goats, on an area of pasture. It has become a serious threat to the world's rangelands and grasslands. Several factors have led to overgrazing, which leads to the soil being degraded and becoming liable to erosion by wind and rain, and even to desertification. The main pressures leading to widespread overgrazing have been the need to increase the size and numbers of herds to produce more food for an increasing human population, and the transformation of traditional pasture land into plantations to grow cash crops. Throughout the dry tropics, where traditionally herds ranged over vast areas, intensive livestock-rearing schemes have taken over, mostly to provide meat for the export market. Well-digging operations have also led to heavy concentrations of animals in small areas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: impact source
related: animal damage
source: WRIGHT

overhead power line
type: Concept
definition: Suspended cables by which electrical power is distributed throughout a country.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electric line
source: UVAROV

overpopulation
type: Concept
definition: A population density that exceeds the capacity of the environment to supply the health requirements of the individual organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: superpopulazio
alternative label: prenapučenost @hr
broader: demographic development
narrower: overcrowding
source: LANDY

overturn (limnology)
type: Concept
definition: The circulation, especially in the fall and spring, of the layers of water in a lake or sea, whereby surface water sinks and mixes with bottom water; it is caused by changes in density differences due to changes in temperature, and is especially common wherever lakes are icebound in winter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrologic cycle
related: lake
source: BJGEO

overwintering
type: Concept
definition: To spend winter in a particular place.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: övervintring @sv
broader: behaviour pattern
source: CED

ownership
type: Concept
definition: Collection of rights to use and enjoy property, including right to transmit it to others. The complete dominion, title, or proprietary right in a thing or claim.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κυριότητα @el
alternative label: äganderätt @sv
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: easement
narrower: property protection
narrower: expropriation
source: BLACK

oxidation
type: Concept
definition: A chemical reaction that increases the oxygen content of a compound.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical reaction
related match: Redox
source: MGH

oxidation-reduction
type: Concept
definition: An oxidizing chemical change, where an element's positive valence is increased (electron loss), accompanied by a simultaneous reduction of an associated element (electron gain).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical reaction
related match: Redox
source: MGH

oxide
type: Concept
definition: Binary chemical compound in which oxygen is combined with a metal or nonmetal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
narrower: titanium dioxide
narrower: sulphur dioxide
source: MGH

Asia
type: Concept
definition: The world's largest continent. It occupies the eastern part of the Eurasian landmass and its adjacent islands and is separated from Europe by the Ural Mountains. Asia borders on the Arctic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Mediterranean and Red Seas in the west. It includes the largest peninsulas of Asia Minor, India, Arabia, and Indochina and the island groups of Japan, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Ceylon; contains the mountain ranges of the Hindu Kush, Himalayas, Pamirs, Tian Shan, Urals, and Caucasus, the great plateaus of India, Iran and Tibet, vast plains and deserts, and the valleys of many large rivers including the Mekong, Irrawaddy, Indus, Ganges, Tigris and Euphrates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
narrower: Central Asia
narrower: Southeast Asia
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9294
narrower: Eastern Asia
narrower: Southern Asia
source: AMHER
source: CED

oxidising agent
type: Concept
definition: Compound that gives up oxygen easily, removes hydrogen from another compound, or attracts negative electrons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: agente oxidatzaile
alternative label: oksidirajuće sredstvo @hr
broader: chemical product
related: photochemical oxidant
related match: Oxidizing agent
source: MGH

oxygen
type: Concept
definition: A gaseous chemical element; an essential element in cellular respiration and in combustion processes; the most abundant element in the earth's crust and about 20% of the air by volume.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: syrgas @sv
broader: element of group VI
narrower: ozone
related: atmospheric component
source: MGH

oxygenation
type: Concept
definition: Treating with oxygen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical process
broader: physical process
source: MGH

oxygen content
type: Concept
definition: Amount of oxygen contained in a solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: concentration (value)
narrower: oxygen deficiency
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9214
source: MGH

oxygen deficiency
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pomanjkanje kisika @hr
broader: oxygen content

ozone
type: Concept
definition: An allotropic form of oxygen containing three atoms in the molecule. It is a bluish gas, very active chemically, and a powerful oxidizing agent. Ozone is formed when oxygen or air is subjected to a silent electric discharge. It occurs in ordinary air in very small amounts only.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: oxygen
related: atmospheric ozone
related: tropospheric ozone
source: UVAROV

ozone depletion potential
type: Concept
definition: A factor that reflects the ozone depletion potential of a substance, on a mass per kilogram basis, as compared to chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC-11). Such factor shall be based upon the substance's atmospheric life time, the molecular weight of bromine and chlorine, and the substance's ability to be photolytically disassociated, and upon other factors determined to be an accurate measure of relative ozone depletion potential.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ozonnedbrytande faktor @sv
alternative label: ODP @sv
broader: parameter
related: ozone layer depletion
source: LEE

ozone layer
type: Concept
definition: The general stratum of the upper atmosphere in which there is an appreciable ozone concentration and in which ozone plays an important part in the radiative balance of the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ozonosfera
broader: atmospheric layering
related: stratospheric ozone depletion
source: MGH

ozone layer depletion
type: Concept
definition: The fragile shield of ozone is been damaged by chemicals released on earth. The main chemicals that are depleting stratospheric ozone are chlorofluorocarbons which are used in refrigerators, aerosols, and as cleaners in many industries, and halons, which are used in fire extinguishers. The damage is caused when these chemicals release highly reactive forms of chlorine and bromine. Over the past 30 years ozone levels over parts of Antarctica have dropped by almost 40% during some months and a "hole" in ozone concentrations is clearly visible in satellite observations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ozonosferaren urritze
alternative label: smanjenje ozonskog omotača @hr
broader: global warming
narrower: stratospheric ozone depletion
related: ozone depletion potential
related match: Ozone depletion
source: WRIGHT

ozonisation
type: Concept
definition: The process of treating, impregnating or combining with ozone.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οζονοποίηση @el
alternative label: otsonoituminen @fi
alternative label: ozoniziranje @hr
broader: chemical reaction
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9246
source: MGH

packaging
type: Concept
definition: All products made of any materials of any nature to be used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery and presentation of goods, from raw materials to processed goods, from the producer to the user or the consumer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δεματοποίηση @el
alternative label: päällys @fi
broader: miscellaneous product
narrower: additional packaging
related: preparation for market
related: container
related: non-returnable container
related: aluminium container
related: reusable container
related match: Packaging and labeling
source: PORT

acoustics
type: Concept
definition: The science of the production, transmission and effects of sound.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical science
narrower: noise
narrower: acoustic property
narrower: sound
source: MGH

packaging waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste comprised of materials, or items, used to protect, contain, or transport a commodity or product and usually considered a type of consumer waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9099
source: PGE

paint
type: Concept
definition: A mixture of pigment and a vehicle, such as oil or water, that together form a liquid or paste that can be applied to a surface to provide an adherent coating that imparts colour to and often protects the surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χρώμα @el
alternative label: margo
alternative label: målarfärg @sv
broader: industrial product
narrower: varnish
source: MGH

painting business
type: Concept
definition: A commercial service through which paint, a decorative or protective coating product, or similar products are applied to the interiors and exteriors of buildings and other surfaces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: margo-enpresa
alternative label: ličilački obrt @hr
broader: services
source: RHW

paint shop
type: Concept
definition: A shop where paint and related items are sold.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συνεργείο βαφής @el
alternative label: margo-denda
alternative label: maalarin työhuone @fi
broader: shop
related match: Corel Paint Shop Pro
source: CED

palaeontology
type: Concept
definition: The study of life in past geologic time, based on fossil plants and animals and including phylogeny, their relationship to existing plants, animals, and environments, and the chronology of the Earth's history.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: earth science
related match: Paleontology
source: BJGEO

paper
type: Concept
definition: Felted or matted sheets of cellulose fibers, formed on a fine-wire screen from a dilute water suspension, and bonded together as the water is removed and the sheet is dried.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αξιόγραφο @el
alternative label: εφημερίδα @el
alternative label: ανακοίνωση @el
alternative label: έγγραφο @el
alternative label: τίτλος @el
broader: industrial product
related: recycled paper
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9099
source: MGH

paper industry
type: Concept
definition: Industrial production of paper: pulp is produced by mechanically or chemically processing wood or other vegetative materials to extract usable cellulosic fibers as an aqueous slurry. The pulp slurry may be used directly in paper making or it may be shipped elsewhere for processing into paper products. The fundamental industrial operations are divided into two major categories: pulp mill and paper mill. The pulp mill operation includes wood preparation, pulping, deinking, pulp washing, screening and thickening, and bleaching. The paper mill operations include stock preparation, paper machine operation and finishing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: papergintza
alternative label: papirna industrija @hr
broader: industry
related match: Pulp and paper industry
source: PZ

parameter
type: Concept
definition: 1) A quantity in an equation which must be specified beside the independent variables to obtain the solution for the dependent variables. 2) A quantity which is constant under a given set of conditions, but may be different under other conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: alignment
narrower: rate
narrower: in situ
narrower: attribute
narrower: point
narrower: environmental target
narrower: dose
narrower: irreversibility of the phenomenon
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9096
narrower: vector
narrower: raster
narrower: pixel
narrower: bioconcentration factor
narrower: acoustical quality
narrower: efficiency level
narrower: half-life
narrower: testing guideline
narrower: energy balance
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/91
narrower: seasonal variation
narrower: altitude
narrower: purifying power
narrower: organoleptic property
narrower: water corrosivity
narrower: resolution (parameter)
narrower: line
narrower: polygon
narrower: permissible exposure limit
narrower: public emergency limit
narrower: maximum immission concentration
narrower: maximum admissible concentration
narrower: load bearing capacity
narrower: acceptable risk level
narrower: acoustic level
narrower: trajectory
narrower: cold
narrower: immission limit
narrower: time
narrower: off-site
narrower: threshold value
narrower: ozone depletion potential
narrower: total parameter
narrower: cause-effect relation
narrower: index
narrower: AOX value
narrower: co-ordinate system
narrower: meteorological parameter
narrower: NOEL
narrower: critical level
related: chemical oxygen demand
related: loudness
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/947
source: LEE
source: MGH

parasite
type: Concept
definition: Organism which lives and obtains food at the expense of another organism, the host.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bizkarroi
broader: trophic level
related match: Parasitism
source: ALL

parasitology
type: Concept
definition: A branch of biology which deals with those organisms, plant or animal, which have become dependent on other living creatures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
source: MGH

car park
type: Concept
definition: Area of ground or a building where there is space for vehicles to be parked.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parking provision
related match: Parking lot
source: CAMB

parking provision
type: Concept
definition: Area where a vehicle can be left for a period of time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: parkirni prostor @hr
broader: traffic infrastructure
narrower: car park
related: rail traffic
source: CAMB

Parliament
type: Concept
definition: An assembly of elected representatives, typically controlled by a political party and constituting the legislative and, in some cases, the executive power of a state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: institutional structure
narrower: Lower House
narrower: Upper House
source: CIV
source: APS

assimilation
type: Concept
definition: Conversion of nutritive material to living tissue.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: yhteyttäminen @fi
broader: plant physiology
broader: metabolism
related: photosynthesis
source: KOREN

participation
type: Concept
definition: The act of sharing or taking part in a civic, community or public action.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public action
narrower: social participation
source: RHW

particle
type: Concept
definition: 1) Any very small part of matter, such as a molecule, atom, or electron. 2) Any relatively small subdivision of matter, ranging in diameter from a few angstroms to a few millimeters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zatiki
broader: solid state
narrower: solid particle
source: MGH

particle separator
type: Concept
definition: A device for segregation of solid particles by size range, as a screening.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: partikula-berezgailu
alternative label: separator čestica @hr
broader: separator
source: MGH

passenger transport
type: Concept
definition: The conveyance of people over land, water or through air by automobile, bus, train, airplane or some other means of travel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επιβατικές μεταφορές @el
broader: transportation
source: RHW

pasture
type: Concept
definition: Land covered with grass or herbage and grazed by or suitable for grazing by livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βοσκή @el
alternative label: larre
alternative label: alha
alternative label: pasienok @sk
broader: rural area
related: animal production
source: CED

paste-like waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste deriving from various activities having a pasty consistency.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
source: RRDA

pathogen
type: Concept
definition: Any disease-producing agent or microorganism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παθογόνος μικροοργανισμός @el
broader: disease cause

pathogenic organism
type: Concept
definition: Agents producing or capable of producing disease.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organism
related match: Pathogenic bacteria
source: MGH

pathologic effect
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ondorio patologiko
broader: health-environment relationship
narrower: teratogenesis
related: biological effect

pathology
type: Concept
definition: The branch of medicine concerned with the causes, origin, and nature of disease, including the changes occurring as a result of disease.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
narrower: human pathology
narrower: phytopathology
source: CED

pattern of urban growth
type: Concept
definition: The combination of acts, tendencies and other observable characteristics that demonstrates a municipal area's progress or state of development, including its population trends.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban development
source: RHW

association
type: Concept
definition: A body of persons associated for the regulation of a common economic activity by means of a special organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ένωση @el
alternative label: συσχέτιση @el
alternative label: σύνδεση @el
broader: social group
narrower: environmental protection association
narrower: industrial association
source: SHOOX
source: ZINZAN

peat
type: Concept
definition: Unconsolidated soil material consisting largely of undecomposed or slightly decomposed organic matter accumulated under conditions of excessive moisture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ποάνθρακας @el
broader: fossil fuel
related: peat extraction
source: LANDY

peat extraction
type: Concept
definition: Peat is obtained from peat bogs by cutting it from the earth; it is then formed into briquettes, which can be used as fuel. Peat may be found in layers several metres thick. In some countries peat-fired generating stations for electricity are in use. Peat is also used as a soil conditioner.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mining
related: peat
source: PARCOR
source: PHC

pedestrian zone
type: Concept
definition: Area where vehicles are not allowed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oinezkoentzako gune
broader: traffic infrastructure
related: urban traffic
source: CAMB

pedosphere
type: Concept
definition: That shell or layer of the Earth in which soil-forming processes occur.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: soil process
narrower: soil
source: BJGEO

penalty for environmental damage
type: Concept
definition: Punishment, varying from fines to withdrawal of government funds to economic sanctions, which is imposed for the harm or injury done to natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sanction
source: RHW

penalty
type: Concept
definition: 1) A punishment for a crime. 2) A sum specified in a contract as payable on its breach but not constituting a genuine estimate of the likely loss.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sanktion @sv
alternative label: straff @sv
alternative label: påföljd @sv
broader: criminal law
narrower: fine
source: DICLAW

pentachlorophenol
type: Concept
definition: One of the universally toxic phenolic compounds, is a general purpose agent that is used as a fungicide, herbicide and molluscicide, particularly in Egypt where it is used to control snails that carry the larval human blood flukes that cause schistosomiasis. It is also used in wood preservatives and is very poisonous.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chlorophenol
source: WRIGHT

per capita data
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biztanleko datu
alternative label: podaci po glavi stanovnika @hr
broader: statistical data

perchloroethylene
type: Concept
definition: Stable, colorless liquid, nonflammable and nonexplosive, with low toxicity; used as a dry-cleaning and industrial solvent, in pharmaceuticals and medicines, and for metal cleaning.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: perkloroetileno
broader: chloroethylene
related match: Tetrachloroethylene
source: MGH

astronautics
type: Concept
definition: The science of space flight.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: applied science
source: MGH

percolating water
type: Concept
definition: Subsurface water that passes, under the force of gravity, through rocks or soil along the line of least resistance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
source: WWC

periphyton
type: Concept
definition: A plant or animal organism which is attached or clings to surfaces of leaves or stems of rooted plants above the bottom stratum.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pest
source: MGH

permafrost ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of the biological communities and their nonliving environmental surroundings in a climatic region where the subsoil is perennially frozen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cold zone ecosystem
source: DOE
source: TOE

astronomy
type: Concept
definition: The science concerned with celestial bodies and the observation and interpretation of the radiation received in the vicinity of the earth from the component parts of the universe.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural science
source: MGH

permeability
type: Concept
definition: The ability of a membrane or other material to permit a substance to pass through it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: genomsläpplighet @sv
broader: physical property
source: MGH

permissible exposure limit
type: Concept
definition: An exposure limit that is set for exposure to an hazardous substance or harmful agent and enforced by OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act) as a legal standard. It is based on time-weighted average concentrations for a normal 8-hour work day and 40 hour work week.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
related: health-environment relationship
related: exposure
source: CONFER

permission
type: Concept
definition: The license, formal consent or authorization to act on some matter, frequently validating the action as lawful or procedurally correct.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συγκατάθεση @el
alternative label: αποδοχή @el
alternative label: σύμφωνη γνώμη @el
alternative label: έγκριση @el
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: concession
narrower: dispatch note
narrower: environmental licence
narrower: planning permission
narrower: tradeable permit
narrower: hunting licence
narrower: fishing licence
narrower: export licence
narrower: import licence
narrower: building permit
source: BLD

peroxyacetylnitrate
type: Concept
definition: A pollutant created by the action of sunlight on hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides in the air. An ingredient of smog.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nitro compound
source: LANDY

persistence
type: Concept
definition: The capacity of a substance to remain chemically stable. This is an important factor in estimating the environmental effects of substances discharged into the environment. Certain toxic substances (e.g., cyanides) have a low persistence, whereas other less immediately toxic substances (e.g., many organochlorines) have a high persistence and may therefore produce more serious effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταίσθημα @el
alternative label: εμμονή @el
alternative label: διατήρηση @el
alternative label: επιμονή @el
broader: chemical property
narrower: persistence of pesticides
related: behaviour of substances
source: ALL

persistence of pesticides
type: Concept
definition: The ability of a chemical to retain its molecular integrity and hence its physical, chemical, and functional characteristics in the environment through which such a chemical may be transported and distributed for a considerable period of time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: persistence
source: GILP96

personal responsibility
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: responsibility
related match: Responsibility

pest
type: Concept
definition: Any organism that damages crops, injures or irritates livestock or man, or reduces the fertility of land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λοιμός @el
alternative label: επιζωοτία @el
alternative label: πανώλης @el
alternative label: ζιζάνιο @el
alternative label: izurrite
alternative label: škodlivý organizmus @sk
alternative label: skadedjur @sv
broader: organism
narrower: forest pest
narrower: periphyton
narrower: vermin
narrower: agricultural pest
source: CED

pest control
type: Concept
definition: Keeping down the number of pests by killing them or preventing them from attacking.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izurriteen kontrol
broader: crop protection
narrower: chemical pest control
narrower: biological pest control
narrower: integrated pest control
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9281
source: PHC

pesticide
type: Concept
definition: A general term for chemical agents that are used in order to kill unwanted plants, animals pests or disease-causing fungi, and embracing insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, nematicides, etc. Some pesticides have had widespread disruptive effects among non-target species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παρασιτοκτόνο @el
broader: biocide
related: chemical pest control
source: ALL

pesticide control standard
type: Concept
definition: A norm or measure applicable in legal cases pertaining to the production, dissemination or use of substances designed to mitigate or eliminate insects or small animals that harm vegetation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pestiziden kontrolerako arau
alternative label: pravidlá aplikácie pesticídov @sk
broader: standard
source: BLD
source: TOE

pesticide pathway
type: Concept
definition: The specific or known route or vector of any chemical substance released into the environment to prevent, destroy or mitigate any pest that is directly or indirectly detrimental to harvest crops and other human interests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pestiziden ibilbide
broader: pollutant behaviour
source: FAI
source: DOE
source: TOE

residual pesticide
type: Concept
definition: A pesticide remaining in the environment for a fairly long time, continuing to be effective for days, weeks, and months.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rezíduum prípravku na ochranu rastlín a iných prípravkov @sk
broader: residual waste
source: HMD

pest infestation
type: Concept
definition: 1) The occurrence of one or more pest species in an area or location where their numbers and impact are currently or potentially at intolerable levels. 2) A sudden increase in destructiveness or population numbers of a pest species in a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izurri bidezko kutsatze
alternative label: invazija štetnika @hr
broader: impact source
source: DUNSTE

pet
type: Concept
definition: An animal which is kept in the home as a companion and treated affectionately.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etxe-abere
alternative label: polyetylentereftalat @sv
broader: domesticated animal
source: CAMB

petrochemical industry
type: Concept
definition: The production of materials derived from petroleum or natural gas.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: industria petrokimiko
broader: chemical industry
related match: Petrochemical
source: MGH

petrol
type: Concept
definition: A fuel for internal combustion engines consisting essentially of volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbons; derived from crude petroleum by processes such as distillation reforming, polymerization, catalytic cracking, and alkilation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ezantza
broader: motor fuel
narrower: unleaded petrol
related match: Gasoline
source: MGH

atlas
type: Concept
definition: A bound collection of maps or charts, plates, engravings or tables illustrating any subject.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: document type
source: CCL
source: RHW

petroleum
type: Concept
definition: A comparatively volatile liquid bitumen composed principally of hydrocarbon, with traces of sulphur, nitrogen or oxygen compounds; can be removed from the earth in a liquid state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: petroli @fi
alternative label: paloöljy @fi
broader: raw material
narrower: crude oil
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9098
related: mineral oil
related: oil production (chain)
related: oil extraction
source: MGH

petroleum consumption
type: Concept
definition: Petroleum belongs to non-renewable energy sources; it is a complex substance derived from the carbonized remains of trees, ferns, mosses, and other types of vegetable matter. The principal chemical constituents of oil are carbon, hydrogen, and sulphur. The various fuels made from crude oil are jet fuel, gasoline, kerosine, diesel fuel, and heavy fuel oils. Major oil consumption is in the following areas: transportation, residential-commercial, industrial and for generating electric power.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy utilisation
source: PARCOR

petroleum geology
type: Concept
definition: The branch of economic geology that relates to the origin, migration and accumulation of oil and gas, and to the discovery of commercial deposits. Its practice involves the application of geochemistry, geophysics, paleontology, structural geology and stratigraphy to the problems of finding hydrocarbons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mining geology
source: BJGEO

petroleum industry
type: Concept
definition: Manufacturing industry utilizing complex combination of interdependent operations engaged in the storage and transportation, separation of crude molecular constituents, molecular cracking, molecular rebuilding, and solvent finishing to produce petrochemical products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πετρελαϊκή βιομηχανία @el
broader: industry
related: oil refinery
related: oil production (chain)
source: PZ

conservation of petroleum resources
type: Concept
definition: Controlled utilization, protection and development of exploited and potentially exploitable sources of crude oil to meet current demand and ensure future requirements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: petrolio-baliabideen babes
broader: resource conservation
source: MHE

atmosphere
type: Concept
definition: The gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth in a several kilometers-thick layer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: Earth-Sun relationship
narrower: atmospheric structure
narrower: atmospheric process
narrower: air
source: UVAROV

phanerogam
type: Concept
definition: Plants that produce seeds. The group comprises the Gymnospermae and the Angiospermae.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sjemenjača @hr
broader: cryptogam
narrower: gymnosperm
narrower: angiosperm
related match: Spermatophyte
source: ALL

pharmaceutical industry
type: Concept
definition: Concerted activity concerned with manufacturing pharmaceutical goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: botika-industria
broader: chemical industry
source: MGH

pharmaceutical waste
type: Concept
definition: Discarded medicinal drugs and related products from pharmacies, hospitals, clinics, pharmaceutical manufacturers, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: botika-hondakin
broader: health-care activities waste
narrower: discarded medicinal drug
source: APD
source: EPW

pharmacokinetics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the rates of absorption, tissue distribution, biotransformation, and excretion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
source: LEE

pharmacology
type: Concept
definition: The science dealing with the nature and properties of drugs, particularly their actions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
source: MGH

phenol
type: Concept
definition: A white crystalline soluble poisonous acidic derivative of benzene, used as an antiseptic and disinfectant and in the manufacture of resins, nylon, dyes, explosives and pharmaceuticals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organooxygen compound
narrower: halogenated phenol
source: CED

pheromone
type: Concept
definition: Any substance secreted by an animal which influences the behaviour of other individuals of the same species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biosynthesis
source: MGH

philosophy
type: Concept
definition: The academic discipline concerned with making explicit the nature and significance of ordinary and scientific beliefs and investigating the intelligibility of concepts by means of rational argument concerning their presuppositions, implications, and interrelationships; in particular, the rational investigation of the nature and structure of reality (metaphysics), the resources and limits of knowledge (epistemology), the principles and import of moral judgment (ethics), and the relationship between language and reality (semantics).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σκεπτικό @el
broader: human science
narrower: aesthetics
narrower: ethics
source: CED

phosphate
type: Concept
definition: 1) Generic term for any compound containing a phosphate group. 2) Any salt or ester of any phosphoric acid, especially a salt of orthophosphoric acid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
source: CED
source: MGH

phosphate removal
type: Concept
definition: Replacement of phosphate in detergents by environmentally safer substances, such as zeolite. The substitute will not act as a nutrient, and so will not cause eutrophication as a result of the accelerated growth of plants and microorganisms if it is released into waterways.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: odstranjivanje fosfata @hr
broader: removal
source: WRIGHT

phosphate substitute
type: Concept
definition: All substances that are able to substitute phosphate compounds in detergents; they must have the same chemical and physical properties and must be less polluting for the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
related: substitution of phosphate
source: RRDA

phosphorus
type: Concept
definition: A nonmetallic element used to manufacture phosphoric acid, in phosphor bronzes, incendiaries, pyrotechnics, matches, and rat poisons; the white or yellow allotrope is a soft waxy solid, soluble in carbon disulfide, insoluble in water and alcohol, and is poisonous and self-igniting in air; the red allotrope is an amorphous powder, insoluble in all solvents and is nonpoisonous; the black allotrope comprises lustrous crystals similar to graphite, and is insoluble in most solvents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group V
source: MGH

photochemical agent
type: Concept
definition: Agents which trigger off photochemical reactions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φωτοχημικό μέσο @el
broader: photochemical reaction
narrower: photochemical oxidant
source: RRDA

photochemical effect
type: Concept
definition: The result or consequence of a chemical reaction caused by light or ultraviolet radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ondorio fotokimiko
broader: photochemical reaction
related match: Photochemistry
source: MHD

photochemical oxidant
type: Concept
definition: Any of the chemicals which enter into oxidation reactions in the presence of light or other radiant energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: photochemical agent
related: photochemical smog
related: oxidising agent
source: MGH

photochemical product
type: Concept
definition: Degradation products that are produced by the action of light radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
related: photography
source: FLGISA

photochemical reaction
type: Concept
definition: Chemical reaction which is initiated by light of a specific wavelength. In an environmental context an example is the potential action of ultraviolet light on CFCs which may bring about the detrimental degradation of the ozone layer. Photochemical reactions initiate the process of photosynthesis in which plants convert carbon dioxide into sugars, which are incorporated into cell materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical reaction
narrower: photochemical agent
narrower: photodegradation
narrower: photochemical effect
related: photosynthesis
related match: Photochemistry
source: GRAHAW

photochemical smog
type: Concept
definition: A combination of fog and chemicals that come from automobile and factory emissions and is acted upon by the action of the sun. Nitrogen dioxide, in the presence of the sun and some hydrocarbons, is turned into nitric oxide and atomic oxygen. The atomic oxygen reacts with the oxygen molecules and other constituents of automobile exhaust fumes to form a variety of products including ozone. The ozone is harmful in itself and is also implicated in a highly complex series of continuing reactions. As long as there is ozone or nitrogen dioxide and sunlight present, other undesirable reactions will occur.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: smog fotokimiko oxidatzaile
alternative label: smog oxidatzaile
broader: smog
related: photochemical oxidant

photogrammetry
type: Concept
definition: The process of making measurements from photographs, used especially in the construction of maps from aerial photographs and also in military intelligence, medical and industrial research, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monitoring technique
source: CED

photograph
type: Concept
definition: An image captured by a camera or some other device and reproduced as a picture, usually on a sensitized surface and formed by the chemical action of light or of radiant energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: argazki
broader: documentation
narrower: mosaic
narrower: aerial photograph
narrower: satellite image
source: MHD
source: RHW

atmospheric chemistry
type: Concept
definition: The study of the production, transport, modification, and removal of atmospheric constituents in the troposphere and stratosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χημεία της ατμόσφαιρας @el
broader: chemistry
source: MGH

photosynthesis
type: Concept
definition: The process by which plants transform carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and other compounds, using energy from the sun captured by chlorophyll in the plant. Oxygen is a by-product of the process. Photosynthesis is the essence of all plant life (autotrophic production) and hence of all animal life (heterotrophic production) on the planet Earth. The rate of photosynthesis depends on climate, intensity and duration of sunlight, available leaf area, soil nutrient availability, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, and soil moisture regimes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant life
related: assimilation
related: chlorophyll
related: photochemical reaction
source: DUNSTE

atmospheric circulation
type: Concept
definition: The general movement and circulation of air, which transfers energy between different levels of the atmosphere. The mechanisms of circulation are very complicated. They involve the transfer of energy between the oceans and the atmosphere, the land and the atmosphere, as well as the different levels of the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κυκλοφορία ατμόσφαιρας @el
alternative label: zirkulazio atmosferiko
broader: atmospheric process
source: WRIGHT

physical conditions
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sasoi
broader: health
related: physical property

physical geography
type: Concept
definition: The study of the spatial and temporal characteristics and relationships of all phenomena within the Earth's physical environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geography
source: WHIT

physical oceanography
type: Concept
definition: The study of the physical aspects of the ocean, the movements of the sea, and the variability of these factors in relationship to the atmosphere and the ocean bottom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: oceanography
source: MGH

physical planning
type: Concept
definition: A form of urban land use planning which attempts to achieve an optimal spatial coordination of different human activities for the enhancement of the quality of life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental planning
narrower: landscape planning
narrower: transport planning
narrower: land planning
related: regional planning
source: LANDY

physical pollutant
type: Concept
definition: A pollutant characterized by its influence on environmental conditions caused by forces and operations of physics, such as noise, microwave radiation, vibration, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile fisiko
broader: pollutant
related: physical pollution
related: radiation
related: noise
source: LANDY

physical pollution
type: Concept
definition: The introduction or presence of harmful substances or forces in the environment that cause damage to the environment and its processes due to their material actions, as through vibration, thermal alteration or electromagnetic radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio fisiko
broader: pollution type
narrower: noise pollution
narrower: thermal pollution
related: physical pollutant
source: LES
source: APD
source: TOE

physical process
type: Concept
definition: A continuous action or series of changes which alters the material form of matter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: reflection
narrower: separation
narrower: impoverishment
narrower: evaporation
narrower: drying
narrower: diffusion
narrower: soaking
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9289
narrower: centrifugation
narrower: degreasing
narrower: nuclear reaction
narrower: oxygenation
narrower: melting
narrower: aeration
narrower: sudden load
narrower: exposure
narrower: distribution
narrower: enrichment
narrower: condensation (process)
narrower: compression
narrower: cooling
narrower: crystallisation
narrower: sealing
narrower: propagation process
narrower: screening
narrower: transport (physics)
narrower: sieving
narrower: mixing
related match: Physical change
source: RHW

physical property
type: Concept
definition: Property of a compound that can change without involving a change in chemical composition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: power-heat relation
narrower: luminosity
narrower: inversion
narrower: temperature
narrower: viscosity
narrower: electricity
narrower: speed
narrower: solubility
narrower: stratification
narrower: permeability
narrower: density
narrower: elasticity
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9286
narrower: combustibility
narrower: flow field
narrower: hardness
narrower: half-life
narrower: surface tension
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/954
narrower: cogeneration
narrower: conductivity
narrower: magnetism
narrower: heat (physics)
narrower: turbidity
narrower: moisture
narrower: miscibility
narrower: pressure
narrower: rock mechanics
narrower: granulometry
narrower: vapour pressure
narrower: odour
narrower: colour
narrower: volatility
related: physical conditions
related: cold
source: MGH

atmospheric component
type: Concept
definition: The Earth's atmosphere consists by volume of nitrogen (79,1%), oxygen (20,9%), carbon dioxide (about 0,03%) and traces of the noble gases (argon, krypton, xenon, helium) plus water vapour, traces of ammonia, organic matter, ozone, various salts and suspended solid particles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric composition
narrower: atmospheric ozone
related: oxygen
related: carbon
related: aerosol
related: atmospheric aerosol
source: ALL

physical science
type: Concept
definition: The sciences concerned with nonliving matter, energy, and the physical properties of the universe, such as physics, chemistry, astronomy, and geology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: science
narrower: fluidics
narrower: hydraulics
narrower: electronics
narrower: physics
narrower: thermodynamics
narrower: acoustics
narrower: metrology
narrower: electrokinetics
source: CED

physicochemical process
type: Concept
definition: Processes involving changes in the physical properties and chemical structure of substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: behaviour of substances
narrower: dialysis
narrower: flotation
narrower: dispersion
narrower: electrolysis
narrower: degradation
narrower: ion exchange
narrower: decomposition
narrower: sorption
narrower: coagulation
narrower: filtration
narrower: desorption
narrower: dissolution
narrower: concentration (process)
narrower: distillation
narrower: corrosion
narrower: osmosis
narrower: leaching
narrower: flocculation
narrower: precipitation (chemical)
narrower: emulsification
source: CED

physicochemical purification
type: Concept
definition: Used to concentrate waste brines and to remove solid organics and ammonia from aqueous solutions. Physical treatment consists of reverse osmosis, dialysis, electrodialysis, evaporation, carbon, adsorption, ammonia stripping, filtration, sedimentation, and flocculation. Chemical treatment consists of ion exchange, neutralization, oxidation, reduction, precipitation, and calcination.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: purification

physics
type: Concept
definition: The study of those aspects of nature which can be understood in a fundamental way in terms of elementary principles and laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical science
narrower: biophysics
narrower: nuclear physics
narrower: atmospheric physics
source: MGH

atmospheric composition
type: Concept
definition: The chemical abundance in the earth's atmosphere of its constituents including nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, water vapour, ozone, neon, helium, krypton, methane, hydrogen and nitrous oxide.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air
narrower: atmospheric component
source: MGH

physiology
type: Concept
definition: The biological study of the functions of living organisms and their parts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biology
narrower: ecophysiology
narrower: human physiology
narrower: plant physiology
narrower: animal physiology
source: AMHER

phytomass
type: Concept
definition: Plant biomass; any quantitative estimate of the total mass of plants in a stand, population, or within a given area, at a given time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biljna biomasa @hr
broader: biomass
source: LBC

phytopathology
type: Concept
definition: The study of plant diseases and their control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landare-patologia
broader: pathology
related: plant physiology
related match: Plant pathology
source: ZINZAN

phytoplankton
type: Concept
definition: Planktonic plant life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landare-plankton
broader: plankton
source: MGH

phytosociology
type: Concept
definition: The study of vegetation, including the organization, interdependence, development, geographical distribution and classification of plant communities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landare-soziologia
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/971
source: LBC

atmospheric emission
type: Concept
definition: Suspended pollutants -- solid particles, liquid aerosols, etc. -- or toxic gases released into the atmosphere from a polluting source, or type of source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: atmosferarako isuri
alternative label: emisie do ovzdušia @sk
broader: emission
related: air pollution
source: ISEP

phytotoxicity
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: otrovnost biljaka @hr
alternative label: växtskadlighet @sv
broader: toxicity

pickling plant
type: Concept
definition: Plant where scale is removed from iron and steel usually by means of immersion in a hot hydrochloric or sulphuric acid bath. Wastes include spent pickling liquor, sludges and rinse water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial plant (building)
source: PORT

satellite image
type: Concept
definition: A pictorial representation of data projected onto a two-dimensional grid of individual picture elements (pixels) and acquired from a human-made vessel placed in orbit round a planet, moon or star.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: photograph
related: artificial satellite
related match: Satellite imagery
source: RSG

atmospheric humidity
type: Concept
definition: A measurable quantity of the moisture content found in the earth's atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climatic factor
source: RHW

pilotage
type: Concept
definition: The service provided by a pilot, one who controls the movements of a ship or aircraft by visual or electronic means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χειρισμός αεροσκάφους @el
alternative label: gidatze
broader: services
related: navigation
source: RHW

pilot plant
type: Concept
definition: A small version of a planned industrial plant, built to gain experience in operating the final plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πειραματική εγκατάσταση @el
broader: industrial plant (building)
source: MGH

pilot project
type: Concept
definition: A small scale experiment or set of observations undertaken to decide how and whether to launch a full-scale project.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πειραματικό έργο @el
alternative label: pokusni projekt @hr
broader: project
related match: Pilot experiment
source: CED

pinniped
type: Concept
definition: Belonging to the Pinnipedia, an order of aquatic placental mammals having a streamlined body and limbs specialized as flippers: includes seals, sea lions, and the walrus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: carnivore
source: CED

atmospheric layering
type: Concept
definition: Any one of a number of strata or layers of the earth's atmosphere; temperature distribution is the most common criterion used for denoting the various shell. Also known as atmospheric shell; atmospheric region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric structure
narrower: ozone layer
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/976
narrower: inversion layer
related: inversion
source: MGH

pipeline
type: Concept
definition: A line of pipe connected to valves and other control devices, for conducting fluids, gases, or finely divided solids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σωληνώσεις @el
broader: infrastructure
narrower: oil pipeline
source: MGH

pipe
type: Concept
definition: A tube made of metal, clay, plastic, wood, or concrete and used to conduct a fluid, gas, or finely divided solid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στήλη μεταλλεύματος @el
alternative label: σωλήνωση @el
alternative label: πίπα @el
alternative label: αγωγός @el
alternative label: tutu
alternative label: potrubie @sk
alternative label: ledning @sv
broader: hydraulic construction
source: MGH

plain
type: Concept
definition: An extensive, broad tract of level or rolling, almost treeless land with a shrubby vegetation, usually at a low elevation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πεδινή έκταση @el
alternative label: lautada
alternative label: ravnina @hr
alternative label: ravan @hr
broader: terrestrial area
narrower: alluvial plain
source: MGH

plan
type: Concept
definition: A scheme of action, a method of proceeding thought out in advance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σχεδιάγραμμα @el
broader: environmental planning
narrower: structure plan
narrower: tracking plan
narrower: management plan
narrower: equipment plan
narrower: sanitation plan
narrower: noise exposure plan
narrower: agriculture framework plan
narrower: environmental plan
narrower: development plan
narrower: land use plan
narrower: municipal environment plan
narrower: allocation plan
narrower: regional plan
narrower: recovery plan
related: planning
source: GOOD

plane source
type: Concept
definition: Pollution which arises from various activities with no discrete source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: source of pollution
source: GRAHAW

plankton
type: Concept
definition: Small organisms (animals, plants, or microbes) passively floating in water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aquatic organism
narrower: phytoplankton
source: LANDY

planned urban development
type: Concept
definition: Any physical extension of, or changes to, the uses of land in metropolitan areas following certain preparations or designs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urbanističko planiranje @hr
broader: urban development
source: CGP

planning
type: Concept
definition: The act of making a detailed scheme for attaining an objective.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προγραμματισμός @el
alternative label: projektring @sv
narrower: policy planning
narrower: regional planning
narrower: educational planning
narrower: development planning
narrower: economic planning
narrower: industrial planning
narrower: national planning
related: disaster contingency plan
related: planning measure
related: plan
related: project
related: environmental planning
related: programme
source: CED

atmospheric model
type: Concept
definition: A simulation, pattern or plan designed to demonstrate the structure or workings of the atmosphere surrounding any object, including the Earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: model
source: APD

planning law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to organize, designate and regulate land use within its domain through zoning laws, subdivision regulations, rent and sign controls, growth management and other measures designed to protect human health and ecological integrity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: urban development law
narrower: neighbourhood law
narrower: regulative law
source: PLA

planning measure
type: Concept
definition: A procedure or course of action taken to design, organize or prepare for the future.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: planska mjera @hr
broader: environmental planning
narrower: classified facility
narrower: urban renewal
narrower: bathing water
narrower: site selection
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9225
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9417
narrower: urban structure
narrower: urban design
related: planning
source: RHW

planning permission
type: Concept
definition: An authorization, license or equivalent control document issued by a government agency that approves a step by step method and process of defining, developing and outlining various possible courses of action to meet existing or future needs, goals and objectives.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: permission
source: ISEP
source: TOE

Planning-Programming-Budgeting System
type: Concept
definition: A system to achieve long-term goals or objectives by means of analysis and evaluation of the alternatives. PPB is designed to solve problems by finding the most effective and most efficient solution on the basis of objective criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental planning
source: GREENW

plant breeding
type: Concept
definition: Raising a certain type of plant by crossing one variety with another to produce a new variety where the desired characteristics are strongest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυτογενετική @el
broader: cultivation
narrower: selective breeding of plants
related: hybridisation
source: PHC

plant community
type: Concept
definition: Any group of plants belonging to a number of different species that co-occur in the same habitat or area and interact through trophic and spatial relationships; typically characterized by reference to one or more dominant species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological community
narrower: sea grass bed
narrower: vegetation
source: ALL2

plant component
type: Concept
definition: The constituent parts of a plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laitoksen osa @fi
alternative label: sastavni dio biljke @hr
alternative label: anläggningsdel @sv
broader: organ
narrower: root
narrower: fruit
narrower: flower
narrower: pollen
narrower: leaf
narrower: foliage
source: CED

plant disease
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landare-gaitz
broader: disease
narrower: chlorosis
related: plant physiology
related: crop protection
related match: Plant pathology

plant equipment
type: Concept
definition: The equipment, including machinery, tools, instruments, and fixtures necessary for an industrial or manufacturing operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oprema u postrojenju @hr
broader: industrial equipment
source: AMHER

plant genetics
type: Concept
definition: The scientific study of the hereditary material of plants for purposes such as hybridization, improved food resources and increased production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: genetika biljaka @hr
broader: genetics
source: EEN

plant health care
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landareen osasuna zaintze
broader: health care

atmospheric monitoring
type: Concept
definition: A practice of continuous atmospheric sampling by various levels of government or particular industries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: atmosferaren kontrol
alternative label: praćenje atmosfere @hr
alternative label: praćenje stanja u atmosferi @hr
broader: monitoring
narrower: air quality control
narrower: air quality monitoring
related: air quality
source: MGH

plant protection product
type: Concept
definition: Any substance or mixture of substances which through physiological action protects the plants against parasites, fungi, virus, or other damaging factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landareen osasunerako produktu
broader: agrochemical
related: crop protection
source: KOREN

plantigrade
type: Concept
definition: Pertaining to mammals walking with the whole sole of the foot touching the ground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vertebrate
source: MGH

planting
type: Concept
definition: The establishment of trees by planting seedlings, transplants, or cuttings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sađenje @hr
broader: cultivation
related match: Sowing
source: DUNSTE

plant physiology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the function and chemical reactions within the various organs of plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physiology
narrower: assimilation
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/971
related: phytopathology
related: plant disease
source: UVAROV

plant protection
type: Concept
definition: Conservation of plant species that may be rare or endangered, and of other plants of particular significance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: wildlife protection
source: GILP96

testing of plant protection products
type: Concept
definition: Tests performed to establish the effectiveness of pesticides under a wide variety of climatic and other environmental conditions; to assess the possible side effects on animals, plants and humans and to determine the persistence of pesticide residues in the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landareak babesteko produktuen proba
broader: testing method
source: PARCOR

atmospheric ozone
type: Concept
definition: A triatomic molecule of oxygen; a natural constituent of the atmosphere, with the highest concentrations in the ozone layer or stratosphere; it is found at a level between 15 and 30 km above the Earth, which prevents harmful ultraviolet B radiation, which causes skin cancer and threatens plant life, from reaching the ground. The fragile shield is being damaged by chemicals released on Earth. The main chemicals that are depleting stratospheric ozone are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are used in refrigerators, aerosols and as cleaners in many industries and halons, which are used in fire extinguishers. The damage is caused when these chemicals release highly reactive forms of chlorine and bromine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric component
narrower: tropospheric ozone
related: ozone
source: GILP96
source: WRIGHT

plant (biology)
type: Concept
definition: Any living organism that typically synthesizes its food from inorganic substances, possesses cellulose cell walls, responds slowly and often permanently to a stimulus, lacks specialized sense organs and nervous system, and has no powers of locomotion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organism
narrower: cryptogam
narrower: tropical plant
narrower: aquatic plant
narrower: tree
narrower: mycorrhiza
narrower: textile plant
narrower: cultivated plant
narrower: fodder plant
narrower: industrial plant (organism)
narrower: macrophyte
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9323
narrower: medicinal plant
narrower: climbing plant (wall)
source: CED

plant textile fibre
type: Concept
definition: Natural textile fibres of vegetal origin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ehun-zuntz begetal
broader: natural fibre
narrower: cotton
source: RRDA

plant trade
type: Concept
definition: Trade of plants is subjected to regulations established by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: trade (services)
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9313
related: endangered plant species
source: DUNSTE

plasma technology
type: Concept
definition: 1) Common name for a number of industrial applications of plasma, such as: etching of semiconductor chips, deposition of silicon for solar cell production, deposition of silicon dioxide for passivation of surfaces, activation of surfaces, melting and welding with plasma arcs as well as plasma chemistry. 2) Plasma technology consists of minute gas-filled cells, which emit light when an electric current is channelled through them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
source: IEAP
source: Z2Z

plastic
type: Concept
definition: A polymeric material (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow; usually refers to the final product with fillers, plasticizers, pigments, and stabilizers included (versus the resin, the homogeneous polymeric starting material); examples are polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and urea-formaldehyde.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πλαστική ύλη @el
broader: industrial product
narrower: recyclable plastic
source: MGH

atmospheric particulate
type: Concept
definition: A concentration of fine liquid or solid particles, such as dust, smoke, mist, fumes or smog, found in the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air pollutant
narrower: deposited particulate matter
source: TOE

plastic waste
type: Concept
definition: Any discarded plastic (organic, or synthetic, material derived from polymers, resins or cellulose) generated by any industrial process, or by consumers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: odpad z plastov @sk
broader: type of waste
source: APD

platinum
type: Concept
definition: A ductile malleable silvery-white metallic element very resistant to heat and chemicals. It occurs free and in association with other platinum metals, especially in osmiridium; used in jewellery, laboratory apparatus, electrical contacts, dentistry, electroplating, and as a catalyst.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
source: CED

playground
type: Concept
definition: A piece of land used for recreation, especially by children, often including equipment such as swings and slides.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: community facility
source: RHW

atmospheric physics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the physical phenomena of the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φυσική της ατμόσφαιρας @el
broader: physics
source: MGH

plutonium
type: Concept
definition: A highly toxic metallic transuranic element. It occurs in trace amounts in uranium ores and is produced in a nuclear reactor by neutron bombardment of uranium-238. The most stable and important isotope, plutonium-239, readily undergoes fission and is used as a reactor fuel in nuclear power stations and in nuclear weapons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: actinide
source: CED

poaching
type: Concept
definition: To catch game, fish, etc. illegally by trespassing on private property.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: anthropic activity
source: CED

point source
type: Concept
definition: Pollution from a discrete source, such as a septic tank, a sewer, a discharge type, a landfill, a factory or waste water treatment works discharging to a watercourse; stack emission from an industrial process; or spillage from an underground storage tank leaching into groundwater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pistelähde, yksikkölähde @fi
broader: source of pollution
source: GRAHAW

poison
type: Concept
definition: A substance which, when ingested, inhaled, or absorbed, or when applied to, injected into, or developed within the body, in relatively small amounts, may cause injury, harm, or destruction to organs, tissue, or life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disease cause
related: toxic substance
source: CONFER

poisoning
type: Concept
definition: The morbid condition produced by a poison which may be swallowed, inhaled, injected, or absorbed through the skin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: trovanje @hr
broader: human disease
narrower: lead level in blood
narrower: absorption (exposure)
narrower: intoxication
related: toxicity
source: KOREN

atmospheric pollution
type: Concept
definition: The presence in the air of one or more contaminants in such a concentration and of such duration as to cause a nuisance or to be injurious to human life, animal life or vegetation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio atmosferiko
alternative label: airearen kuts
alternative label: kutsadura atmosferiko
alternative label: onečišćenje zraka @hr
broader: environmental pollution
narrower: air pollution
narrower: acid rain
narrower: rainout
related: smog warning
related match: Air pollution
source: LANDY

polar ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting systems of the biological communities and their nonliving environmental surroundings located in the regions where the air temperature is perennially below 10° Celsius, usually at and near the North and South Poles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poloetako ekosistema
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
narrower: Arctic ecosystem
narrower: Antarctic ecosystem
source: EOC
source: DOE
source: TOE

polar region
type: Concept
definition: Area relating to the earth's poles or the area inside the Arctic or Antarctic Circles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: polarno područje @hr
alternative label: polarna zona @hr
broader: climatic zone
narrower: Antarctic region
narrower: Arctic region
source: CED

polder
type: Concept
definition: A generally fertile tract of flat, low-lying land (as in Netherlands and Belgium) reclaimed and protected from the sea, a lake, a river, or other body of water by the use of embankments, dikes, dams, or levees. The term is usually reserved for coastal areas that are at or below sea level and that are constantly protected by an organized system of maintenance and defense.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-built-up area
related: coastal development
source: BJGEO

police
type: Concept
definition: Branch of the government which is charged with the preservation of public order, the promotion of public health and safety, and the prevention, detection, and punishment of crimes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: judicial body

police law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the employment and tactics of police or other civil agents organized to maintain order, prevent and detect crimes and promote obedience to civil regulations and authority.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
source: RHW

atmospheric precipitation
type: Concept
definition: The settling out of water from cloud in the form of dew, rain, hail, snow, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: atmosferako prezipitazio
broader: meteorological phenomenon
narrower: snow
narrower: rain
source: ALL

policy
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: smjernica @hr
alternative label: sektorska politika @hr
alternative label: strategija @hr
alternative label: strategi @sv
narrower: territorial policy
narrower: urban policy
narrower: cultural policy
narrower: forest policy
narrower: construction policy
narrower: aid policy
narrower: foreign policy
narrower: agricultural policy
narrower: industrial policy
narrower: co-operation policy
narrower: social policy
narrower: communications policy
narrower: space policy
narrower: education policy
narrower: fishery policy
narrower: scientific policy
narrower: energy policy
narrower: EC policy
narrower: transportation policy
narrower: production policy
narrower: trade policy
narrower: government policy
related: environmental policy

politics
type: Concept
definition: The theory and practice of acquiring and exercising the power to govern in a society in order to arbitrate values, allocate resources and establish and enforce rules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πολιτικολογία @el
alternative label: πολιτικά @el
alternative label: državna politika @hr
alternative label: politički nazori @hr
narrower: political doctrine
narrower: political power
narrower: political counselling
narrower: political organisation
narrower: international politics
source: APS

policy guideline
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πολιτική κατεύθυνση @el
broader: policy instrument

policy instrument
type: Concept
definition: The method or mechanism used by government, political parties, business or individuals to achieve a desired effect, through legal or economic means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bitarteko politiko
broader: management
narrower: policy guideline
narrower: indemnity
narrower: evaluation criterion
narrower: informal negotiation
narrower: precautionary principle
narrower: deterrence
narrower: consultation
narrower: allowance
narrower: compensatory measure
narrower: approval
narrower: redress
narrower: co-operation
narrower: co-ordination
related: environmental policy instrument
source: RHW

policy integration
type: Concept
definition: The process of coordinating, harmonizing and unifying the goals and procedures of various offices or units of an organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: politika integratze
alternative label: integriranje politika @hr
broader: management technique
source: RHW

conservation policy
type: Concept
definition: The guiding procedure, philosophy or course of action for preserving and renewing human and natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: naturaren kontserbaziorako politika
broader: environmental policy
narrower: joint implementation (Rio Conference)
narrower: landscape conservation policy
narrower: nature conservation policy
related match: National Environmental Policy Act
source: RHW
source: TOE

policy planning
type: Concept
definition: The process of making arrangements or preparations to facilitate any course of action that may be adopted and pursued by government, business or some other organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: planning
source: RHW

political counselling
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: politics
narrower: voting

political doctrine
type: Concept
definition: A policy, position or principle advocated, taught or put into effect concerning the acquisition and exercise of the power to govern or administrate in society.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: politics
source: RHW

political ecology
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology

political geography
type: Concept
definition: The study of the effects of political actions on human geography, involving the spatial analysis of political phenomena.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geography
source: GOOD

political organisation
type: Concept
definition: A group of persons organized to seek or exercise power in governmental or public affairs, by supporting candidates for office or by lobbying for action and mobilizing support for bills or governmental policies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: politics
narrower: democracy
narrower: political party
source: BLD
source: CIV

political party
type: Concept
definition: An organized group that has as its fundamental aim the attainment of political power and public office for its designated leaders. Usually, a political party will advertise a common commitment by its leaders and its membership to a set of political, social, economic and/or cultural values.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: political organisation
source: DUC

political power
type: Concept
definition: The might, ability or authority of governments, citizens groups and other interested parties in enacting change or in influencing or controlling the outcome of governmental or public policies affecting a nation, region or municipality.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: politics
source: BLD

atmospheric process
type: Concept
definition: Atmospheric processes are distinguished in physical and chemical processes and both types may be operating simultaneously in complicated and interdependent ways. The physical processes of transport by atmospheric winds and the formation of clouds and precipitation strongly influence the patterns and rates of acidic deposition, while chemical reactions govern the forms of the compounds deposited.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: atmosferako prozesu
broader: atmosphere
narrower: air movement
narrower: air-water interaction
narrower: atmospheric circulation
source: PARCOR

pollen
type: Concept
definition: Microspores of seed-producing plants. Each pollen grain contains a much-reduced male gametophyte. Pollen grains are transferred by wind, water, birds or other animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lore-hauts
alternative label: frömjöl @sv
broader: plant component
related: aerobiology
source: ALL

pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Any substance, usually a residue of human activity, which has an undesirable effect upon the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρυπογόνες ουσίες @el
alternative label: kutsatzaile
alternative label: miljöföroreningar @sv
narrower: urban pollutant
narrower: chemical pollutant
narrower: micropollutant
narrower: physical pollutant
narrower: bioaccumulative pollutant
narrower: biological pollutant
narrower: food pollutant
narrower: non-biodegradable pollutant
narrower: biodegradable pollutant
narrower: effluent
narrower: soil pollutant
narrower: noise pollutant
narrower: pollutant behaviour
narrower: pollutant elimination
narrower: radioactive pollutant
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9199
narrower: air pollutant
source: LANDY

pollutant absorption
type: Concept
definition: The process by which a pollutant is physically incorporated into another substance or body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaileen xurgapen
alternative label: kutsatzaileen absortzio
alternative label: po
broader: pollutant pathway
related: resorption
source: FFD

pollutant accumulation
type: Concept
definition: The process by which concentrations of pollutants progressively increase in the tissues of living organisms in environments where these pollutants are present.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile-metaketa
alternative label: akumuliranje onečišćujućih tvari @hr
broader: pollutant pathway
narrower: pollutant concentration
related: bioaccumulation
source: FFD

pollutant analysis
type: Concept
definition: The determination of the composition of any substance that causes pollution, using classical laboratory techniques and other methods involving analytical chemistry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaileen analisi
broader: analysis
source: APD

atmospheric science
type: Concept
definition: The atmospheric sciences study the dynamics, physics and chemistry of atmospheric phenomena and processes, including the interactions of the atmosphere with soil physics, hydrology and oceanic circulation. The research focuses on the following areas: turbulence and convection, atmospheric radiation and remote sensing, aerosol and cloud physics and chemistry, planetary atmospheres, air-sea interactions, climate, and statistical meteorology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural science
narrower: meteorology
narrower: climatology
related match: Atmospheric sciences
source: ATS

pollutant assessment
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen ebaluazio
broader: environmental assessment
related: testing of chemicals
related: pollutant behaviour
related: hazard of pollutants

pollutant behaviour
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen jokabide
broader: pollutant
narrower: pollutant evolution
narrower: pollutant distribution
narrower: pollutant pathway
narrower: pollutant dispersion
narrower: pollutant formation
narrower: pesticide pathway
related: pollutant assessment

pollutant concentration
type: Concept
definition: A measure of the amount of a polluting substance in a given amount of water, soil, air, food or other medium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaile-kontzentrazio
broader: pollutant accumulation
source: FFD

pollutant degradation
type: Concept
definition: The physical, chemical or biological breakdown of a complex polluting material into simpler components.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen degradazio
broader: pollutant pathway
related: degradability
source: FFD

pollutant deposition
type: Concept
definition: The act or process in which polluting agents settle or accumulate naturally in ecosystems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaile-jalkitze
alternative label: avlagring av miljöföroreningar @sv
broader: deposition
source: APD

pollutant dispersion
type: Concept
definition: The spreading of pollutants from a point of release in air, soil and water. The dispersion of air pollutants is heavily influenced by how and where the pollutant is emitted, e.g., by continuous low-level versus accidental releases, multiple stacks versus a few, or the height of the stacks. The nature of the local terrain meteorology and the chemistry of the released material strongly influence the pattern of regional and, finally, global dispersion and transport.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen barreiatze
broader: pollutant behaviour
narrower: waste gas dispersion
related: trajectory

pollutant distribution
type: Concept
definition: Arrangement, or pattern, associated with the occurrence of pollutants over a geographical area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen banaketa
alternative label: spridning av miljöföroreningar @sv
broader: pollutant behaviour
narrower: chemical in the environment
related: propagation process
source: ALL
source: ISEP

atmospheric structure
type: Concept
definition: The gaseous area surrounding the planet is divided into several concentric spherical strata (layers, like shells) separated by narrow transition zones. The boundaries are know as "pause". More than 99% of the total atmospheric mass is concentrated in the first 40 km from the Earth's surface. Atmospheric layers are characterized by differences in chemical composition that produce variations in temperature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmosphere
narrower: atmospheric layering
narrower: troposphere
narrower: stratosphere
narrower: ionosphere
source: KSW

pollutant elimination
type: Concept
definition: The process of completely removing a pollutant's source as well as the pollutant itself.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen ezabaketa
broader: pollutant
narrower: pollutant mobilisation
narrower: pollutant immobilisation
narrower: pollutant reduction
related: decontamination
source: ISEP

pollutant emission
type: Concept
definition: Release of polluting substances in the air, water and soil from a given source and measured at the immission point.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen emisio
broader: emission
source: DIFID

pollutant exposure
type: Concept
definition: The act or state of being subjected to a substance that adversely affects human health, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen eraginpean jartze
broader: hazard of pollutants
source: RHW
source: TOE

pollutant formation
type: Concept
definition: The act or process in which polluting agents are created, produced or formed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen formazio
alternative label: nastajanje onečišćujućih tvari @hr
broader: pollutant behaviour
source: OED
source: RHW

pollutant immission
type: Concept
definition: The transfer of solid, liquid, or gaseous contaminants in the air, water, and soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: όχληση από ρύπους @el
alternative label: kutsatzaileen immisio
broader: immission
related: incorporation
source: DIFID

pollutant immobilisation
type: Concept
definition: The treatment process used to reduce the solubility of pollutants in order to minimize possible migration or leaching or to prepare for their disposal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen immobilizazio
broader: pollutant elimination
source: FFD

pollutant level
type: Concept
definition: A value representing the concentration of a polluting agent in a specified area, often determined by a measuring and recording device.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaile-maila
broader: emission factor
source: FFD

pollutant load
type: Concept
definition: The amount of polluting material that a transporting agent, such as a stream, a glacier, or the wind, is actually carrying at a given time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-karga
broader: pollution load
source: LWW

pollutant mobilisation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen mobilizazio
broader: pollutant elimination
narrower: pollutant remobilisation

pollutant monitoring
type: Concept
definition: Periodic or continuous determination of the amount of pollutants present in the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen zaintza
alternative label: kutsat
alternative label: poluitzaileen kontrol
alternative label: praćenje onečišćujućih tvari @hr
alternative label: nadzor onečišćujućih tvari @hr
broader: pollution monitoring
narrower: identification of pollutants
narrower: pollution criterion
narrower: pollutant source identification
source: LANDY

pollutant pathway
type: Concept
definition: The retraceable route of a pollutant, from its source, through its interactions with the environment, and finally to its effect upon a target ecosystem or target organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen ibilbide
broader: pollutant behaviour
narrower: pollutant flow
narrower: pollutant migration
narrower: pollutant accumulation
narrower: pollutant absorption
narrower: pollutant degradation
related: incorporation
related: carry-over effect
source: ISEP

pollutant reduction
type: Concept
definition: All measures aimed at reducing pollutants often through physical or chemical removal of toxic, or potentially toxic, materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileen murrizketa
alternative label: poluitzaileak gutxitze
broader: pollutant elimination
source: FFD
source: ISEP

pollutant remobilisation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsatzaileak b
alternative label: kutsatzaileen birmobilizazio
broader: pollutant mobilisation

pollutant source identification
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-iturriaren identifikazio
alternative label: otkrivanje izvora onečišćenja @hr
alternative label: identifikacija izvora onečišćenja @hr
broader: pollutant monitoring

polluted matter
type: Concept
definition: A solid, liquid or gas that has been contaminated, rendered impure or made unsafe for use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: materia kutsatu
broader: type of waste
source: HMD
source: ISEP

polluter-pays principle
type: Concept
definition: The principle that those causing pollution should meet the costs to which it gives rise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: legislation on pollution
related match: Polluter pays principle
source: BRACK

pollution
type: Concept
definition: The indirect or direct alteration of the biological, thermal, physical, or radioactive properties of any medium in such a way as to create a hazard or potential hazard to human health or to the health, safety or welfare of any living species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura
narrower: source of pollution
narrower: pollution type
narrower: pollution abatement
narrower: immission
narrower: emission
narrower: deposition
narrower: contamination
narrower: environmental pollution
source: ALL

pollution abatement
type: Concept
definition: The reduction in degree or intensity of pollution in soil, rivers, lakes, seas, atmosphere, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsaduraren arintze
alternative label: ublažavanje onečišćenja @hr
alternative label: bekämpande av föroreningar @sv
broader: pollution
narrower: noise reduction
narrower: oil pollution abatement
narrower: pollution sink
narrower: emission reduction
related: pollution abatement equipment
related: CFC and halons prohibition
source: LANDY
source: PHC

pollution abatement equipment
type: Concept
definition: Equipment for the reduction in degree or intensity of pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura arintzeko ekipo
broader: equipment
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9300
narrower: silencer
narrower: settling tank
narrower: catalyst
related: pollution abatement
source: LANDY

pollution control
type: Concept
definition: Chemical and physical methods to lessen discharges of most pollutants; for carbon dioxide there is, at present, no economic or practical way to reduce the quantities discharged except by reduced fossil fuel usage. Most specific means for removing pollutants from emissions include flue-gas desulphurisation, fluidised combustion, catalytic converters and the redesign of equipment, such as furnace burners and car engines, to lessen the production of pollutants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsaduraren kontrol
alternative label: nadzor onečišćenja @hr
alternative label: reglering av utsläpp @sv
broader: pollution monitoring
narrower: integrated pollution control
related: legislation on pollution
related: pollution control measure
source: BRACK

pollution control equipment
type: Concept
definition: Devices for the reduction and/or removal of those emissions to the environment which have the potential to cause pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura kontrolatzeko ekipo
alternative label: utrustning för reglering av utsläpp @sv
broader: monitoring equipment
related: pollution control technology
source: GRAHAW

pollution control regulation
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules or orders prescribed by government, management or an international organization or treaty in which limits are established for the emission of substances that harm or adversely alter the environment and human health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura kontrolatzeko arautegi
broader: regulation
source: BLD
source: TOE

pollution control technology
type: Concept
definition: Methods used to reduce the amount of contaminants discharged from a source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura kontrolatzeko teknologia
alternative label: tehnologija za kontrolu onečišćenja @hr
broader: environmental technology
related: pollution control equipment
source: PATHUL

pollution criterion
type: Concept
definition: Standard established for certain pollutants which limits their concentration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-irizpide
broader: pollutant monitoring
source: RRDA

pollution effect
type: Concept
definition: The main pollution effects concern human health and cover all aspects of the physical environment - air, water and land, including the effects of climate change. Human activities which are sources of pollution arise from domestic, commercial, industrial and military sectors and their effects are influenced by various issues, trends and public sector programmes, such as safe water and food, management of waste, increasing use of chemicals in agriculture, and urbanization. Types of pollutants which are negatively impacting health include litter, toxic chemicals, nuclear waste, lead, spoil from mining, food and water contaminants; and the polluting effects of over-population.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsaduraren ondorio
broader: effect
narrower: eutrophication
narrower: carry-over effect
narrower: noise effect
narrower: defoliation
source: WPR

pollution indicator
type: Concept
definition: Organisms, mostly plants, which are most sensitive to slight changes in environmental factors. When identified their reaction can serve as an early warning of the endangerment of the health of a community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-adierazle
alternative label: indikator onečišćenja @hr
broader: indicator
source: GILP96

pollution liability
type: Concept
definition: Liability for injuries arising from the release of hazardous substances or pollutants or contaminants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsaduraren erantzukizun
broader: liability
source: LEE

pollution load
type: Concept
definition: The amount of stress placed upon an ecosystem by pollution, physical or chemical, released into it by man-made or natural means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-karga
broader: pollution type
narrower: continuous load
narrower: heavy metal load
narrower: sudden load
narrower: immission load
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9135
narrower: salt load
narrower: pollutant load
source: FFD

pollution measurement
type: Concept
definition: The assessment of the concentration of pollutants for a given time in a given point.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsaduraren neurketa
broader: measuring
narrower: physical measurement of pollution
source: FLGISA

pollution monitoring
type: Concept
definition: The quantitative or qualitative measure of the presence, effect or level of any polluting substance in air, water or soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-zaintza
alternative label: poluzio-kontrol
alternative label: kutsadura-kontrol
alternative label: monitoring onečišćenja @hr
broader: monitoring
narrower: pollution control
narrower: pollutant monitoring
source: GILP96

pollution norm
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadurari buruzko arau
broader: norm

pollution risk
type: Concept
definition: Probability of harm to human health, property or the environment posed by the introduction of an undesirable substance into the ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-arrisku
broader: risk
source: TOE

pollution sink
type: Concept
definition: Vehicle for removal of a chemical or gas from the atmosphere-biosphere-ocean system, in which the substance is absorbed into a permanent or semi-permanent repository, or else transformed into another substance. A carbon sink, for example, might be the ocean (which absorbs and holds carbon from other parts of carbon cycle) or photosynthesis (which converts atmospheric carbon into plant material). Sinks are a fundamental factor in the ongoing balance which determines the concentration of every greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. If the sink is greater than the sources of a gas, its concentration in the atmosphere will decrease; if the source is greater than the sink, the concentration will increase.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-hustuleku
broader: pollution abatement
source: GLOCHA

source of pollution
type: Concept
definition: The place, places or areas from where a pollutant is released into the atmosphere or water, or where noise is generated. A source can be classified as point source, i.e. a large individual generator of pollution, an area source, or a line source, e.g. vehicle emissions and noise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura-iturri
alternative label: förorenings källa @sv
broader: pollution
narrower: diffuse source
narrower: line source
narrower: point source
narrower: emission source
narrower: plane source
source: PORT

polybrominated biphenyl
type: Concept
definition: A chemical substance the composition of which, without regard to impurities, consists of brominated biphenyl molecules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: polybromerad difenyl @sv
broader: halogenated biphenyl
source: KOREN

polychlorinated biphenyl
type: Concept
definition: PCBs are a family of chemical compounds which do not exist in nature but which are man-made. Commercial mixtures are clear, pale yellow liquids, manufactured by the replacement of hydrogen atoms on the biphenyl molecule by chlorine. Because of their physical properties, PCBs are commonly found in electrical equipment which requires dielectric fluid such as power transformers and capacitors, as well as in hydraulic machinery, vacuum pumps, compressors and heat-exchanger fluids. Other uses include: lubricants, fluorescent light ballasts, paints, glues, waxes, carbonless copy paper, inks including newspapers, dust-control agents for dirt roads, solvents for spreading insecticides, cutting oils. PCBs are stable compounds and although they are no longer manufactured they are extremely persistent and remain in huge quantities in the atmosphere and in landfill sites. They are not water-soluble and float on the surface of water where they are eaten by aquatic animals and so enter the food chain. PCBs are fat-soluble, and are therefore easy to take into the system, but difficult to excrete.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bifenilo polikloratu
alternative label: PCB
alternative label: polyklorerad difenyl @sv
broader: halogenated biphenyl
narrower: pyralene
source: PHC
source: PZ

polychlordibenzo-p-dioxin
type: Concept
definition: PCDD are formed (along with variants including furans) when compounds containing chlorine are burnt at low temperature in improperly operated/designed domestic refuse and industrial waste incinerators where PCDDs can be found in both the flue gases and the fly ash.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dioxin
related match: Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
source: PORT

polychlorinated dibenzofuran
type: Concept
definition: A family containing 135 individual, colorless compounds known as congeners with varying harmful health and environmental effects. They are produced as unwanted compounds during the manufacture of several chemicals and consumer products such as wood treatment chemicals, some metals, and paper products; also produced from the burning of municipal and industrial waste in incinerators, from exhaust of leaded gasoline, heat, or production of electricity. They are hazardous to the respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, liver, musculoskeletal system, skin and nervous system; and are toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and contact. Symptoms of exposure include frequent coughing, severe respiratory infections, chronic bronchitis, abdominal pain, muscle pain, acne rashes, skin color changes, unexpected weight loss, nonmalignant or malignant liver disease.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: furan
related match: Polychlorinated dibenzofurans
source: KOREN

polychlorinated terphenyl
type: Concept
definition: Compounds consisting of three benzene rings linked to each other in either ortho, meta or para positions and substituted with chlorine atoms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: trifenilo polikloratu
alternative label: PCT
broader: halogenated terphenyl
source: RRDA

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: Hydrocarbons containing two or more closed rings of atoms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: HAP
broader: polycyclic hydrocarbon
narrower: benzopyrene
related: carcinogen
source: CED

polycyclic hydrocarbon
type: Concept
definition: Hydrocarbon molecule with two or more nuclei; examples are naphtalene, with two benzene rings side by side, or diphenyl, with two bond-connected benzene rings. Also known as polynuclear hydrocarbon.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrocarbon
narrower: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
related match: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
source: MGH

polyethylene terephtalate
type: Concept
definition: 1) A thermoplastic polyester resin made from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid; melts at 265°C; used to make films or fibers. 2) Type of plastic used to make artificial fibres and plastic bottles, which can be recycled.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: polyetylenterftalat @sv
broader: polyvinyl chloride
related match: Polyethylene terephthalate
source: MGH
source: PHC

polymerisation
type: Concept
definition: 1) The bonding of two or more monomers to produce a polymer. 2) Any chemical reaction that produces such a bonding.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical reaction
related match: Polymerization
source: MGH

polymer
type: Concept
definition: Substance made of giant molecules formed by the union of simple molecules (monomers).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organic substance
narrower: addition polymer
source: MGH

polyvinyl chloride
type: Concept
notation: PVC
definition: Polymer of vinyl chloride; tasteless, odourless; insoluble in most organic solvents; a member of the family of vinyl resins.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: PVC
broader: addition polymer
narrower: polyethylene terephtalate
source: MGH

pond
type: Concept
definition: A natural body of standing fresh water occupying a small surface depression, usually smaller than a lake and larger than a pool.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τεχνητή λίμνη @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
source: BJGEO

tailings pond
type: Concept
definition: Any collection of liquid effluents or wastewater drained or separated out during the processing of crops or mineral ores.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: meatzaritzako hondakinen urmael
alternative label: bazen za otpadne vode @hr
broader: settling tank
related match: Tailings
source: TOE

pool
type: Concept
definition: A small, natural body of standing water, usually fresh; e.g. a stagnant body of water in a marsh, or a still body of water within a cave.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κοινοπραξία @el
alternative label: λεκάνη @el
alternative label: όμιλος @el
alternative label: mlaka @hr
alternative label: lokva @hr
alternative label: göl @sv
alternative label: damm @sv
alternative label: bassäng @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
source: BJGEO

population distribution
type: Concept
definition: The density, dispersal pattern and apportionment of the total number of persons in any area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human population
narrower: geographical distribution of population
related match: Range (biology)
source: EEN
source: RHW

population dynamics
type: Concept
definition: The process of numerical and structural change within populations resulting from births, deaths, and movements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: populaatiodynamiikka @fi
broader: population (ecological)
source: LANDY

population (ecological)
type: Concept
definition: A group of organisms of one species, occupying a defined area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: synecology
narrower: population dynamics
narrower: animal population
narrower: plant population
source: LBC

population ecology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the interaction of a particular species or genus population with its environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific ecology
source: ALL2

population growth
type: Concept
definition: An increase in the total number of inhabitants of a country, city, district or area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hazkunde demografiko
alternative label: popualzioaren hazkunde
alternative label: befolkningstillväxt @sv
broader: population trend
source: RHW

population movement
type: Concept
definition: Any shift or migration of a statistically significant number of persons inhabiting a country, district or area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: populazio-mugimendu
alternative label: befolkningstillväxt @sv
broader: population trend
narrower: human migration
source: RHW

population structure
type: Concept
definition: The organization of, and inter-relationships among, inhabitants of a given region, country or city.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: populazioaren egitura
broader: human population
narrower: child
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9344
narrower: elderly person
narrower: adult
narrower: man (society)
narrower: young
source: RHW

population trend
type: Concept
definition: The direction of change in the total number of persons inhabiting a country, city, district or area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πληθυσμιακή τάση (ζώα) @el
alternative label: populazioaren joera
alternative label: demografisk utveckling @sv
broader: demography
narrower: population growth
narrower: population movement
related match: Population growth
source: RHW
source: WMA

post-treatment
type: Concept
definition: Treatment of treated water or wastewater to improve the water quality.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dodatno pročišćavanje @hr
alternative label: naknadna obrada @hr
broader: processing
source: LEE

attribution
type: Concept
definition: Under certain circumstances, the tax law applies attribution rules to assign to one taxpayer the ownership interest of another taxpayer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κατανομή @el
alternative label: ominaisuus @fi
alternative label: dodjela @hr
broader: administrative procedure
source: WESTS

potash
type: Concept
definition: Any of several compounds containing potassium, especially soluble compounds such as potassium oxide, potassium chloride, and various potassium sulfates, used chiefly in fertilizers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανθρακικό κάλιο @el
alternative label: kaliumhydroksidi @fi
alternative label: kaliumklorid @sv
broader: carbonate
source: AMHER

rock salt mining
type: Concept
definition: Rock salt mining is an underground mining process in which the salt is physically dug out of the ground in an operation involving drilling, blasting and crushing the rock. The major percentage of this output is used for winter road maintenance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mining
source: SALINF

poultry
type: Concept
definition: Domesticated fowl grown for their meat and eggs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: farm animal
related: poultry farming
source: MGH

poultry farming
type: Concept
definition: One of the commonest of agricultural occupations. Many urban households and many farms maintain some chickens for both meat and eggs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: aviculture
related: poultry
source: LOGIE

poverty
type: Concept
definition: State in which the individual lacks the resources necessary for subsistence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απορία @el
alternative label: ένδεια @el
alternative label: txirotasun
broader: quality of life
narrower: famine

power company
type: Concept
definition: Company which is responsible for the supply and distribution of electric energy to a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: konpainia elektriko
broader: energy industry
related match: Electrical power industry
source: RRDA

power-heat relation
type: Concept
definition: The ratio of the work done by an engine to the heat supplied.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: odnos snaga/toplina @hr
broader: physical property
related: cogeneration
source: UVAROV

power station
type: Concept
definition: A stationary plant containing apparatus for large-scale conversion of some form of energy (such as hydraulic, steam, chemical, or nuclear energy) into electrical energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial plant (building)
narrower: electric power plant
related: energy distribution system
related: energy production
source: MGH

precipitation (chemical)
type: Concept
definition: The process of producing a separable solid phase within a liquid medium; represents the formation of a new condensed phase, such as a vapour or gas condensing to liquid droplets; a new solid phase gradually precipitates within a solid alloy as a result of slow, inner chemical reaction; in analytical chemistry, precipitation is used to separate a solid phase in an aqueous solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical process
related: flocculation
source: MGH

precipitation enhancement
type: Concept
definition: Increase of precipitation resulting from changes in the colloidal stability of clouds. This can be either intentional, as with cloud seeding, or unintentional, as with air pollution, which increases aerosol concentrations and reduces sunlight.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: saostumisen lisäys @fi
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9274
source: PARCOR

predator
type: Concept
definition: Animal which kills and eats other animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: trophic level
related match: Predation
source: PHC

prefabricated building
type: Concept
definition: Building whose sections are manufactured in specialized factories and later transported and assembled on a building site.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ΠΡΟΚΑΤ @el
alternative label: montažni objekt @hr
alternative label: elementbyggnad @sv
broader: built structure
source: CED

audiovisual media
type: Concept
definition: Any means of communication transmitted to both the sense of hearing and the sense of sight, especially technologies directed to large audiences.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: audiovizualna sredstva @hr
broader: means of communication
narrower: audio-visual presentation
source: RHW

preliminary proceedings
type: Concept
definition: Any introductory action in the judicial process designed to determine the need for further court involvement or to expedite a motion that requires immediate attention.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aurretiazko prozedura
alternative label: pripremni postupak @hr
alternative label: predraspravni postupak @hr
broader: judicial system
source: BLD

premium
type: Concept
definition: Amount to be paid for a contract of insurance or life assurance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πριμ @el
alternative label: αμοιβή @el
alternative label: βραβείο @el
alternative label: prima
alternative label: premija osiguranja @hr
alternative label: bidrag @sv
broader: damage insurance

preservation of evidence
type: Concept
definition: To maintain and keep safe from harm, destruction or decay any species of proof legally presented at the trial of an issue, including witnesses, records, documents, exhibits and concrete objects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: froga-babeste
alternative label: čuvanje dokaza @hr
broader: judicial system
source: BLD

preservative
type: Concept
definition: A chemical added to foodstuffs to prevent oxidation, fermentation or other deterioration, usually by inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προφυλακτικό @el
alternative label: kyllästysaine @fi
alternative label: sredstvo za konzerviranje @hr
alternative label: skyddsmedel @sv
broader: chemical product
source: MGH

preserve
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κονσερβοποίηση @el
alternative label: reservat @sv
broader: foodstuff
related: food preservation

press
type: Concept
definition: Printed matter as a whole, especially newspapers and periodicals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Τύπος @el
alternative label: πρέσα @el
alternative label: sanomalehdistö @fi
alternative label: paino @fi
alternative label: tidningspress (pressen) @sv
alternative label: förlag @sv
broader: mass media

pressing
type: Concept
definition: The application of a pressure to squeeze out the juice or contents of a fruit, seed, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λιθοκόλληση @el
alternative label: συμπίεση @el
alternative label: έκθλιψη @el
alternative label: zanpatze
alternative label: zukua ateratze
alternative label: kiireellinen @fi
broader: agricultural method
source: WEBSTE

pressure
type: Concept
definition: A type of stress which is exerted uniformly in all directions; its measure is the force exerted per unit area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαφορά δυναμικού @el
alternative label: τάση @el
alternative label: σύνθλιψη @el
alternative label: φόρτος @el
alternative label: pritisak @hr
broader: physical property
related: pressure equipment
source: MGH

pressure group
type: Concept
definition: Any politically active group with a common set of values about resource use allocation. Pressure groups seek to influence decisions on resource use allocation in excess of their proportional representation in the planned-for populace by seeking preferential consideration for their resource use choices.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: interesna skupina @hr
broader: social group
narrower: interest group
narrower: action group
narrower: occupational group
related match: Advocacy group
source: LANDY

actinide
type: Concept
definition: A group of 15 radioactive elements some of which occur naturally while others are produced in nuclear reactions. They include plutonium, americium and neptunium. The health hazard presented by the actinides, if they are released into the environment, comes from the potency of their radioactive characteristics. They are alpha-emitters, and therefore can cause intense localized damage in tissues if absorbed into the body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: actinium
narrower: plutonium
narrower: uranium
related: radioelement
source: WRIGHT

preventive health measure
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zdravstvena preventiva @hr
broader: health protection
related: prevention measure
related: teratogenesis screening
related: respiratory protection apparatus

price
type: Concept
definition: The amount of money paid per unit for a good or service.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: finances
narrower: scrap material price
narrower: transport cost
narrower: prices policy
narrower: water pricing
narrower: tariff
narrower: market price
narrower: farm price
source: ODE

pricing policy of resources
type: Concept
definition: The guiding procedure or philosophy for decisions regarding the monetary rate or value of a country or region's resources, including natural resources, human resources and capital, or man-made goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: prices policy
source: ODE
source: RHW

authority body
type: Concept
definition: An organized assemblage of authorized persons or officials empowered to implement and enforce laws, oversee jurisdictions, settle disputes, adjudicate or make some other legal determination.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διοικητικό όργανο @el
alternative label: προϊσταμένη αρχή @el
broader: administrative body
narrower: provincial/regional authority (D)
narrower: federal authority
narrower: legislative authority
narrower: regional authority
narrower: controlling authority
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9220
narrower: local authority
source: BLD
source: RHW

primary education
type: Concept
definition: The first five or six years of instruction in elementary schools.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lehen mailako irakaskuntza
broader: level of education
source: COE

primary energy consumption
type: Concept
definition: Consumption of energy used in the same form as in its naturally occurring state, for example crude oil, coal, natural gas, e.g. before it is converted into electricity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy consumption
related match: World energy resources and consumption
source: BRACK

primary sector
type: Concept
definition: That part of a country's or region's economy that makes direct use of natural resources, including agriculture, forestry, fishing and the fuel, metal and mining industries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic sector
related match: Primary sector of the economy
source: ODE

authorisation
type: Concept
definition: An official certification of competence or a transfer of the right and power to act, including permission from government to use state funds for a particular program or project.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άδεια @el
alternative label: έγκριση @el
alternative label: ovlaštenje @hr
alternative label: tillstånd @sv
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: special authorisation
related match: Authorization
source: BLD
source: RHW

primate
type: Concept
definition: Order of mammals containing monkeys, apes, and human beings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mammal
source: PHC

primary forest
type: Concept
definition: Forest which originally covered a region before changes in the environment brought about by people.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: forest
related match: Old-growth forest
source: PHC

precautionary principle
type: Concept
definition: Principle adopted by the UN Conference on Environment and Development (1992) that in order to protect the environment, a precautionary approach should be widely applied, meaning that where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage to the environment, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy instrument
narrower: cause for concern principle
related: environmental quality objective
source: GILP96

principle of sustainability
type: Concept
definition: Principle stated by the World Commission on Environment and Development (The Bruntland Commission) in 1987: development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations. Sustainable development is a process of integrating economic, social and ecological goals, and should not mean a trade-off between the environment and development. Sustainable development should imply balance rather than conflict.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sustainable development
source: GRAHAW

printing industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the reproduction of written text or images in multiple copies such as books, periodicals, newspapers or other similar formats.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: printing work
related match: Printing
source: SIC

printing work
type: Concept
definition: The art, process or business of producing reproductions of written text or images in multiple copies, in book, periodical or newspaper formats, or in other similar formats.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τυπογραφείο @el
broader: industry
narrower: printing industry
source: SIC
source: RHW

prior informed consent
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aurretiazko baimen
alternative label: pristanak na temelju prethodno dobivenih informacija @hr
broader: judicial system
related match: Informed consent

prior notification for hazardous waste transport
type: Concept
definition: A formal announcement and, often, a request for permission to the proper governmental authorities of the intention to convey across political borders potentially harmful materials that have been left over from manufacturing or testing processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: notification
source: KSA

private car
type: Concept
definition: Transportation mean belonging to an individual person.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Ι.Χ. @el
alternative label: osobno vozilo @hr
broader: car
related match: Private railroad car
source: RRDA

private household
type: Concept
definition: Living quarters where a group of persons (family) live together.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: urban settlement
source: GOOD

private law
type: Concept
definition: The branch of law dealing with such aspects of relationships between individuals that are of no direct concern to the state.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law branch
narrower: class action suits law
source: DICLAW

autoecology
type: Concept
definition: That part of ecology which deals with individual species and their reactions to environmental factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekologija vrsta? @hr
broader: ecology
narrower: animal displacement
narrower: colonisation
narrower: competition (biological)
narrower: extinction (ecological)
narrower: territory
narrower: resistance (biological)
narrower: behaviour
narrower: natural regeneration
narrower: symbiosis
narrower: distribution area
related match: Population ecology
source: UNUN

private sector
type: Concept
definition: Segment of the economy not run by government, including households, sole traders, partnerships and companies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of business
source: ODE

private transport
type: Concept
definition: Transport performed with private means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταφορές με ιδιωτικά μέσα @el
alternative label: privatni transport @hr
broader: transport system
source: ECHO2

privatisation
type: Concept
definition: The transfer of ownership or control of a government enterprise or other governmental property to a non-public, non-official company, organization or individual, either through sale or through the establishment of a special enterprise outside direct government control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public function
related match: Privatization
source: RHW

proboscidean
type: Concept
definition: An order of herbivorous placental mammals characterized by having a proboscis, incisors enlarged to become tusks, and pillarlike legs with five toes bound together on a broad pad.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ungulate
related match: Proboscidea
source: MGH

procaryote
type: Concept
definition: Organisms (i.e. prokaryotes) whose genetic material (filaments of DNA) is not enclosed by a nuclear membrane, and that do not possess mitochondria or plastids. Bacteria and cyanophyta are the only prokaryotic organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προκαρυώτες @el
broader: organism
narrower: bacterium
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/939
related match: Prokaryote
source: ALL

procedural law
type: Concept
definition: Law which prescribes method of enforcing rights or obtaining redress for their invasion. Laws which fix duties, establish rights and responsibilities among and for persons, natural or otherwise, are "substantive laws" in character, while those which merely prescribe the manner in which such rights and responsibilities may be exercised and enforced in a court are "procedural laws".
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prozedura-zuzenbide
alternative label: postupovno pravo @hr
broader: law branch
source: BLACK

automatic detection
type: Concept
definition: The processing, discovery and identification of data elements by automated means.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: data recording technique
source: RHW

processing
type: Concept
definition: The act of converting material from one form into another desired form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prerada @hr
broader: industrial process
narrower: reprocessing
narrower: post-treatment
narrower: primary treatment
narrower: tertiary treatment
narrower: secondary treatment
related match: Process
source: MGH

process technology
type: Concept
definition: Any technical strategies, methods or tools used for the conception, design, development or implementation of any system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
related match: Semiconductor fabrication plant
source: SCP
source: APD

process water
type: Concept
definition: Water used in a manufacturing or treatment process or in the actual product manufactured. Examples would include water used for washing, rinsing, direct contact, cooling, solution make-up, chemical reactions, and gas scrubbing in industrial and food processing applications. In many cases, water is specifically treated to produce the quality of water needed for the process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tehdastusvesi @fi
alternative label: procesna voda @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9180
source: WQA

producer liability
type: Concept
definition: Obligations, responsibilities or debts imposed upon all members of an industry that manufactures or produces a product or service causing injury or harm to a consumer and apportioned according to each member's share of the market for the product.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: liability
source: BLD

product
type: Concept
definition: Something produced by human or mechanical effort or by a natural process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: varor @sv
narrower: miscellaneous product
narrower: fuel
narrower: agricultural product
narrower: chemical product
narrower: nutrient medium
narrower: industrial product
narrower: foodstuff
source: AMHER

product comparison
type: Concept
definition: Comparison of products or processes to identify those having reduced environmental impacts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktuen arteko alderatze
broader: product evaluation
source: DIZAMB

product evaluation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktua ebaluatze
alternative label: vrednovanje proizvoda @hr
broader: industrial policy
narrower: product comparison
narrower: quality assurance

product identification
type: Concept
definition: Attaching a notice to a product or container bearing information concerning its contents, proper use, manufacturer and any cautions or hazards of use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktua identifikatze
alternative label: identifikácia výrobku @sk
broader: industrial policy
narrower: ecolabel
narrower: obligation to label
source: KOREN

product information
type: Concept
definition: Factual, circumstantial and, often, comparative knowledge concerning various goods, services or events, their quality and the entities producing them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: produktuei buruzko informazio
broader: consumer information
related match: Product information management
source: RHW

productivity
type: Concept
definition: The amount of output or yield per unit of input or expenditure achieved by a company, industry or country.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποδοτικότητα @el
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/961
source: ODE

productivity trend
type: Concept
definition: The general direction or tendency in the measurement of the production of goods and services having exchange value.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic trend
source: ISEP
source: RHW

product liability
type: Concept
definition: 1) The legal liability of manufacturers and sellers to compensate buyers, users, and even bystanders, for damages or injuries suffered because of defects in goods purchased. 2) A tort which makes a manufacturer liable if his product has a defective condition that makes it unreasonably dangerous to the user or consumer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: liability
source: BLACK

product standard
type: Concept
definition: A standard which prescribes aspects of the physical or chemical composition of products which have potential for causing environmental damage or the handling, presentation and packaging of products, particularly those which are toxic.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: standard
source: GRAHAW

profit
type: Concept
definition: An excess of the receipts over the spending, costs and expenses of a business or other commercial entity during any period.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: irabazi
broader: balance (economic)
source: ODE

automobile industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: motor vehicle industry
related match: Automotive industry

prognostic data
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pronostiko-datu
broader: health care

programme
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental planning
narrower: structural adjustment program
narrower: national conservation programme
narrower: self-help programme
narrower: urban action program
narrower: environmental programme
related: planning
related match: Program

progress line
type: Concept
definition: A diagrammatic presentation of observed data in the sequence of their occurrence in time, in the context of water flow.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kurba hidrografiko
alternative label: dijagram toka @hr
alternative label: utvecklingskurva @sv
broader: monitoring data
source: ECHO1

prohibition
type: Concept
definition: An interdiction or forbidding of an activity or action by authority or law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: galarazpen
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: sewage spreading prohibition
narrower: CFC and halons prohibition
source: RHW

project
type: Concept
definition: The complex of actions, which have a potential for resulting in a physical change in the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έργο @el
broader: environmental planning
narrower: pilot project
related: planning
source: LANDY

propagation process
type: Concept
definition: Process by which a disturbance at one point is propagated to another point more remote from the source with no net transport of the material of the medium itself; examples include the motion of electromagnetic waves, sound waves, hydrodynamic waves in liquids, and vibration waves in solids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: spridningsprocess @sv
broader: physical process
related: pollutant distribution
source: MGH

propellant
type: Concept
definition: A gas used in aerosol preparations to expel the liquid contents through an atomizer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προωστική ύλη @el
alternative label: ponnekaasu @fi
alternative label: pogonski plin @hr
alternative label: propelant @hr
alternative label: bränsle @sv
broader: motor fuel
source: UVAROV

properties of materials
type: Concept
definition: The physical and chemical characteristics of the substances or parts of which a thing or object is made.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: svojstva materijala @hr
broader: material
narrower: oxidisable material
narrower: recyclability
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9395
narrower: mutagenic substance
narrower: by-product
narrower: inflammable substance
narrower: environmentally friendly product
narrower: material life cycle
narrower: alternative material
narrower: trace material
narrower: strength of materials
narrower: degradation product
narrower: teratogenic substance
narrower: toxic substance
narrower: intermediate product
narrower: hazardous substance
source: RHW

property protection
type: Concept
definition: That benefit or safety which the government affords to the citizens to insure their individual or corporate right to exclusive enjoyment and disposal of property, money and any other thing tangible or intangible that represents a source of income or wealth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jabetza babeste
broader: ownership
source: LLL

propulsion technique
type: Concept
definition: Technique for causing a body to move by exerting a force against it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
source: MGH

prosecution
type: Concept
definition: The pursuit of legal proceedings, particularly criminal proceedings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kazneno gonjenje @hr
alternative label: pokretanje kaznenog postupka @hr
alternative label: rättslig åtgärd @sv
alternative label: lagföring @sv
broader: crime
related match: Prosecutor
source: DICLAW

prosperity
type: Concept
definition: State of being prosperous; wealth or success.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: quality of life

protected area
type: Concept
definition: Portions of land protected by special restrictions and laws for the conservation of the natural environment. They include large tracts of land set aside for the protection of wildlife and its habitat; areas of great natural beauty or unique interest; areas containing rare forms of plant and animal life; areas representing unusual geologic formation; places of historic and prehistoric interest; areas containing ecosystems of special importance for scientific investigation and study; and areas which safeguard the needs of the biosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eremu babestu
broader: land
narrower: reserve
narrower: animal corridor
narrower: estuarine conservation area
narrower: multiple use management area
narrower: natural monument
narrower: water protection area
narrower: resource reserve
narrower: clean air area
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9382
narrower: national park
narrower: refuge
narrower: anthropologic reserve
narrower: marine conservation area
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9321
narrower: protected landscape
narrower: biosphere reserve
narrower: green corridor
source: DODERO
source: WPR

protected landscape
type: Concept
definition: Natural or man-made areas which have been reserved for conservation, scientific, educational and/or recreational purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
narrower: landscape protection area
related match: Protected area
source: RRDA

protected species
type: Concept
definition: Threatened, vulnerable or endangered species which are protected from extinction by preventive measures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: category of endangered species
related match: Endangered species
source: RAMADE

water protection area
type: Concept
definition: Area surrounding a water recovery plant in which certain forms of soil utilization are restricted or prohibited in order to protect the groundwater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
narrower: drinking water protection area
source: AZENP

protection from neighbours
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social security

protection of birds
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protection of animals

protection of species
type: Concept
definition: Measures adopted for the safeguarding of species, of their ecosystems and their biodiversity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: wildlife protection
source: ADMIN

protection system
type: Concept
definition: A series of procedures and devices designed to preserve people, property or the environment from injury or harm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety system
narrower: avalanche protection
narrower: hearing protection
source: RHW

protein
type: Concept
definition: Any of a class of high-molecular weight polymer compounds composed of a variety of alfa-amino acids joined by peptide linkages.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
source: MGH

protocol
type: Concept
definition: 1) The original draft of a document. 2) An international agreement of a less formal nature than a treaty. It is often used to amend treaties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
source: DICLAW

protozoan
type: Concept
definition: A diverse phylum of eukaryotic microorganisms; the structure varies from a simple uninucleate protoplast to colonial forms, the body is either naked or covered by a test, locomotion is by means of pseudopodia or cilia or flagella, there is a tendency toward universal symmetry in floating species and radial symmetry in sessile types, and nutrition may be phagotrophic or autotrophic or saprozoic.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urdjur @sv
broader: invertebrate
related match: Protozoa
source: MGH

province
type: Concept
definition: A geographic area of some considerable extent, smaller than a continent but larger than a region, which is unified by some or all of its characteristics and which can therefore be studied as a whole. A faunal province, for example, has a particular assemblage of animal species, which differs from assemblages in different contemporaneous environments elsewhere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διοικητική περιφέρεια @el
alternative label: περιοχή @el
broader: state
source: WHIT

regional authority
type: Concept
definition: The power of a government agency or its administrators to administer and implement laws and government policies applicable to a specific geographical area, usually falling under the jurisdiction of two or more states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eskualdeko autoritate
broader: authority body
source: BLD

psychic effect
type: Concept
definition: A result or consequence stemming from mental processes that create or influence human consciousness and emotions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ondorio psikiko
broader: mental effect
source: SMD
source: RHW

psychological effect
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ondorio psikologiko
broader: mental effect

psychological stress
type: Concept
definition: Strain or disequilibrium of the mind especially in its affective or cognitive functions, or the physical or mental stimulus, agent or experience that causes such an imbalance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: psihološko opterećenje @hr
broader: stress
narrower: environmental anxiety
related match: Stress (biology)
source: SMD
source: MED

psychology
type: Concept
definition: The science that deals with the functions of the mind and the behaviour of an organism in relation to its environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
narrower: environmental psychology
source: MGH

psychosomatic effect
type: Concept
definition: Any result pertaining to the influence of the mind or higher functions of the brain upon the operations of the body, particularly bodily disorders or diseases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ondorio psikosomatiko
broader: human disease
narrower: psychosomatic illness
source: SMD

psychosomatic illness
type: Concept
definition: Illness arising from or aggravated by a mind-body relationship.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gaitz psikosomatiko
broader: psychosomatic effect
related match: Psychosomatic medicine
source: GILP96

avalanche
type: Concept
definition: A fall or slide of a large mass, as of snow or rock, down a mountainside.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elur-jausi
broader: geomorphic process
narrower: snowslide
source: AMHER

public access to land
type: Concept
definition: The right or permission for all persons of a community to use government owned geographic areas such as parks, campgrounds and historical sites.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land access
source: RHW

public action
type: Concept
definition: A measure or provision taken on behalf and with the consent of the general populace.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: djelovanje u javnom interesu @hr
broader: social dynamics
narrower: participation
related: citizen initiative
source: RHW

public bath
type: Concept
definition: A place having baths for public use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: community facility
related match: Public bathing
source: CED

public building
type: Concept
definition: A building to which there is free access by the public and which is available for the use of a community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-residential building
related match: Building
source: CED
source: HARRIS

public domain
type: Concept
definition: That which can be accessed, used and shared by the general populace without restrictions, penalties or fees.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: offentlig ägendom @sv
broader: opinion
source: RHW

public emergency limit
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter

public finance
type: Concept
definition: The theory and practice of governmental money matters, including taxation, spending, transfer and property incomes, borrowing, debt and revenue management.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: herri-ogasun
broader: finances
narrower: local finance
source: ODE

public financing
type: Concept
definition: The act of obtaining or furnishing money or capital for a program, purchase or enterprise from the general population of a community or state, usually through government allocation of tax revenues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: financial assistance
source: RHW

public health
type: Concept
definition: The discipline in health science that, at the level of the community or the public, aims at promoting prevention of disease, sanitary living, laws, practices and a healthier environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health
narrower: sanitation
narrower: teratogenesis screening
narrower: hygiene
narrower: disinfection
related: social medicine
source: GUNN

public hearing
type: Concept
definition: Right to appear and give evidence and also right to hear and examine witnesses whose testimony is presented by opposing parties.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: audientzia publiko
alternative label: javno suđenje @hr
alternative label: offentligt åhörande @sv
broader: judicial system
related: official hearing
related match: Hearing (law)
source: BLACK

actinium
type: Concept
definition: A radioactive element of the actinide series, occurring as a decay product of uranium. It is used as an alpha particle source and in neutron production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
narrower: actinide
source: CED

avalanche protection
type: Concept
definition: The total of measures and devices implemented to protect people, property or natural resources from avalanche conditions, including avalanche forecasting and warning, avalanche zoning, ski testing and the use of explosives and other equipment to stabilize an avalanche area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elur-jausien kontrako babes
broader: protection system
related: mountain management
source: AVA
source: ALL

public information
type: Concept
definition: Factual or circumstantial knowledge or the service, office or station providing this knowledge for an entire population or community, without restriction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: javne informacije @hr
broader: information
narrower: legislative information
narrower: public relations
narrower: press release
narrower: advertisement
narrower: consumer information
narrower: public awareness campaign
related: access to information
related: public participation
related match: Freedom of information legislation
source: RHW

public law
type: Concept
definition: A general classification of law, consisting generally of constitutional, administrative, criminal and international law, concerned with the organization of the state, the relations between the state and the people who compose it, the responsibilities of public officers to the state, to each other, and to private persons, and the relations of states to one other. The branch or department of law which is concerned with the state in its political or sovereign capacity, including constitutional and administrative law, and with the definition, regulation, and enforcement of rights in cases where the state is regarded as the subject of the right or object of the duty, - including criminal law and criminal procedure, - and the law of the state, considered in its quasi private personality, i.e., as capable of holding or exercising rights, or acquiring and dealing with property, in the character of an individual.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law branch
narrower: private domain
narrower: public waterways domain
narrower: public maritime domain
source: WESTS

public opinion
type: Concept
definition: The purported, collective view of the public on some issue or problem, typically formulated by selective polling or sampling, and frequently used as a guide to action or decision.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jendearen iritzi
alternative label: folkopinion @sv
broader: opinion
source: ISEP
source: RHW

public opinion polling
type: Concept
definition: The canvassing of a representative sample of a large group of people on some question in order to determine the general opinion of a group.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σφυγμομέτρηση @el
alternative label: iritzi-inkesta publiko
alternative label: jendarteko iritzi-inkesta
alternative label: ispitivanje javnog mnijenja @hr
broader: public inquiry
related match: Opinion poll
source: CED

public park
type: Concept
definition: Park with big trees, ornamental plants, alleys bordered by trees or bushes, fountains and statues situated in a town and whose access is free.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: green space
related: city
related match: Park
source: ZINZAN

public participation
type: Concept
definition: The involvement, as an enfranchised citizen, in public matters, with the purpose of exerting influence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jendearen parte-hartze
broader: active participation
related: public information
source: NRW

public-private partnership
type: Concept
definition: A joint venture between corporations and government or between community members and government or business beyond the course of normal interaction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: administrative organisation
related match: Public–private partnership
source: NTL

public procurement
type: Concept
definition: The governmental process of purchasing supplies, equipment and services, or purchasing contracts to secure the provision of supplies, equipment and services, which are often sold by the private sector.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: services
related match: Government procurement
source: OED
source: RHW

public prosecutor's office
type: Concept
definition: A government agency for which an elected or appointed attorney or staff of attorneys is vested with the authority by a constitution or statute to try cases on the government's behalf, to represent public interest or to take legal action against persons violating federal, state or local laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ministerio publiko
alternative label: državno tužiteljstvo @hr
broader: judicial body
source: LTM
source: USC

traffic route construction
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
narrower: road construction
related: construction technology

public sector
type: Concept
definition: Segment of the economy run to some degree by government, including national and local governments, government-owned firms and quasi-autonomous non-government organizations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of business
source: ODE

public service
type: Concept
definition: An enterprise concerned with the provision to the public of essentials, such as electricity or water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: herri-zerbitzu
broader: services
narrower: library service
narrower: on-line service
narrower: air conditioning
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9244
narrower: municipal cleansing
narrower: telematics
narrower: transportation business
narrower: heat supply
narrower: lighting
narrower: gas supply
narrower: energy supply
source: CED

public transport
type: Concept
definition: The act or the means of conveying people in mass as opposed to conveyance in private vehicles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: javni transport @hr
alternative label: kollektivtransport @sv
broader: transport system
source: GOOD

public transport vehicle
type: Concept
definition: Vehicle for conveying large numbers of paying passengers from one place to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vozilo javnog prijevoza @hr
broader: motor vehicle
narrower: bus
source: RRDA

public utility
type: Concept
definition: An enterprise concerned with the provision to the public of essentials, such as electricity or water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: komunalna služba @hr
broader: services
narrower: rescue service
narrower: salvage
narrower: fire service
source: CED

public works
type: Concept
definition: Structures, as roads, dams, or post offices, paid for by government funds for public use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: services
narrower: road maintenance
narrower: building service
narrower: demolition business

pulmonary disease
type: Concept
definition: Any disease pertaining to the lungs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πνευμονικό νόσημα @el
alternative label: biriketako gaixotasun
alternative label: biriketako eritasun
broader: respiratory disease
related match: Pulmonology
source: DELFIN

pulp
type: Concept
definition: The cellulosic material produced by reducing wood mechanically or chemically and used in making paper and cellulose products. Also known as wood pulp.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πολφός @el
alternative label: πούλπα @el
alternative label: drvenjača @hr
alternative label: celuloza @hr
alternative label: drvena pulpa @hr
alternative label: (frukt)kött @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9358
source: MGH

pulp industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in manufacturing and selling the soft, moist, slightly cohering mass deriving from wood that is used to produce paper sheets, cardboard and other paper products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zelulosaren industria
alternative label: celulozna industrija @hr
broader: timber industry
related match: Pulp and paper industry
source: RHW

pump
type: Concept
definition: A machine that draws a fluid into itself through an entrance port and forces the fluid out through an exhaust port.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pumpa @hr
broader: industrial equipment
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9209
source: MGH

pumping
type: Concept
definition: The removal of gases and vapors from a vacuum system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pumpanje @hr
broader: industrial process
source: MGH

purchase
type: Concept
definition: The acquisition or the act of buying something by payment of money or its equivalent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προμήθεια @el
alternative label: inköp @sv
broader: commercial transaction
related match: Trade
source: RHW

purification
type: Concept
definition: The removal of unwanted constituents from a substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: čišćenje @hr
alternative label: purifikacija @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
narrower: waste air purification (gas)
narrower: self-purification
narrower: physicochemical purification
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9136
related: cleansing
related: separation
related: refinery
related: purification facility
related: cleaning up
source: MGH

purification facility
type: Concept
definition: Equipment for the removal of impurities and unwanted constituents from a medium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oprema za pročišćavanje @hr
broader: equipment
narrower: sewage treatment system
narrower: stabilisation lagoon
narrower: sludge settling pond
narrower: oil boom
narrower: septic tank
narrower: digester
related: purification
source: PHC

purification plant
type: Concept
definition: Installation where impurities are removed from waste water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial plant (building)
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9211
source: PHC

purin
type: Concept
definition: Any of a number of nitrogenous bases, such as guanine and adenine, that are derivatives of purine and constituents of nucleic acids and certain coenzymes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organonitrogen compound
related match: Jigglypuff
source: CED

aviation law
type: Concept
definition: International rules regulating air transportation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: air traffic law
related: air traffic
source: NDGIUR

pyrolysis
type: Concept
definition: The breaking apart of complex molecules into simpler units by the use of heat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: förgasning @sv
broader: physicochemical treatment
related: degradation
source: MGH

quality assurance
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: product evaluation

avifauna
type: Concept
definition: All the birds in a particular region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hegazti-fauna
broader: fauna
source: CED

quality control
type: Concept
definition: The inspection, analysis, and other relevant actions taken to provide control over what is being done, manufactured, or fabricated, so that a desirable level of quality is achieved and maintained.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ποιοτικός έλεγχος @el
alternative label: kvalitetskontroll @sv
broader: monitoring technique
source: HARRIS

quality of life
type: Concept
definition: Quality of life is largely a matter of individual preference and perception and overlaps the concept of social well-being. Generally the emphasis is on the amount and distribution of jointly consumed public goods, such as health care and welfare services, protection against crime, regulation of pollution, preservation of fine landscapes and historic townscapes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social condition
narrower: need
narrower: underprivileged people
narrower: poverty
narrower: prosperity

quarry
type: Concept
definition: An open or surface working or excavation for the extraction of building stone, ore, coal, gravel, or minerals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θήραμα @el
alternative label: λεία @el
broader: mining district
narrower: underground quarry
source: MGH

quarrying
type: Concept
definition: The surface exploitation and removal of stone or mineral deposits from the earth's crust.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vađenje kamena @hr
broader: mining
related: natural stone
related match: Quarry
source: MGH

race relations
type: Concept
definition: The associations, tensions or harmony between two or more groups of people distinguished by history, culture, religion or physique: distinctions erroneously construed as being based on consistent biological differences and as representing, in effect, species of a human genus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: odnosi među rasama @hr
broader: emancipation
related match: Sociology of race and ethnic relations
source: RHW
source: SOC

radar
type: Concept
definition: A system using beamed and reflected radiofrequency energy for detecting and locating objects, measuring distance or altitude, navigating, homing, bombing and other purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ραδιοεντοπιστής @el
broader: monitoring equipment
source: MGH

radiation
type: Concept
definition: Emission of any rays from either natural or man-made origins, such as radio waves, the sun's rays, medical X-rays and the fall-out and nuclear wastes produced by nuclear weapons and nuclear energy production. Radiation is usually divided between non-ionizing radiation, such as thermal radiation (heat) and light, and nuclear radiation. Non-ionizing radiation includes ultraviolet radiation from the sun which, although it can damage cells and tissues, does not involve the ionization events of nuclear radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: radijacija @hr
narrower: laser
narrower: microwave
narrower: background radiation
narrower: background level
narrower: light
narrower: non-ionising radiation
narrower: cosmic radiation
narrower: radioactivity
narrower: spectral band
narrower: infrared radiation
narrower: ionising radiation
narrower: solar radiation
related: physical pollutant
related: reflection
related: radiation protection
related: radioactive substance
related: radioactive emission
related: radiation dose
source: WRIGHT

radiation damage
type: Concept
definition: Somatic and genetic damage to living organisms caused by exposure to ionizing radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disease
narrower: radiation sickness
related: radiation effect
related: nuclear accident
source: GUNN

radiation dose
type: Concept
definition: The total amount of radiation absorbed by material or tissues, in the sense of absorbed dose, exposure dose, or dose equivalent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: radijacijska doza @hr
alternative label: radiačná dávka @sk
broader: dose
related: radiation
related match: Absorbed dose
source: MGH

radiation effect
type: Concept
definition: Prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation from various sources can be harmful. Nuclear radiation from fallout from nuclear weapons or from power stations, background radiation from substances naturally present in the soil, exposure to X-rays can cause radiation sickness. Massive exposure to radiation can kill quickly and any person exposed to radiation is more likely to develop certain types of cancer than other members of the population.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erradiazioaren ondorio
alternative label: účinok žiarenia @sk
broader: effect
related: radiation damage
source: PHC

radiation exposure
type: Concept
definition: The act or state of being subjected to electromagnetic energy strong enough to ionize atoms thereby posing a threat to human health or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nuclear hazard
source: APD
source: MHD

radiation monitoring
type: Concept
definition: The periodic or continuous surveillance or analysis of the level of radiant energy present in a given area, to determine that its prescribed amount has not been exceeded or that it meets acceptable safety standards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erradiazioaren kontrol
alternative label: monitoring zračenja @hr
broader: monitoring
source: OMD
source: TOE

radiation physics
type: Concept
definition: The study of ionizing radiation and its effects on matter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nuclear physics
source: MGH

radiation protection
type: Concept
definition: Precautionary actions, measures or equipment implemented to guard or defend people, property and natural resources from the harmful effects of ionizing energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προστασία από την (έκθεση σε) ακτινοβολία @el
alternative label: erradiazioaren kontrako babes
alternative label: radiačná ochrana @sk
broader: protective measure
related: radiation
source: MHD
source: RHW

radiation protection law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by government to establish measures to keep humans and natural resources safe from harmful exposure to energy waves released by nuclear materials, electromagnetic current and other sources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health legislation
source: MHD

radiation sickness
type: Concept
definition: The complex of symptoms characterizing the disease known as radiation injury, resulting from excessive exposure of the whole body (or large part) to ionizing radiation. The earliest of these symptoms are nausea, fatigue, vomiting, and diarrhea, which may be followed by loss of hair (epilation), hemorrhage, inflammation of the mouth and throat, and general loss of energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radiation damage
related match: Radiation poisoning
source: TDH

radio
type: Concept
definition: The process, equipment or programming involved in transmitting and receiving sound signals by electromagnetic waves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ασύρματος @el
alternative label: ραδιοηλεκτρολογία @el
broader: mass media
narrower: radio programme
source: MHD

radioactive contamination
type: Concept
definition: Contamination of a substance, living organism or site caused by radioactive material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura erradioaktibo
alternative label: radioaktivna kontaminacija @hr
alternative label: rádioaktívne znečistenie @sk
alternative label: radioaktiv kontamination @sv
broader: contamination
related: nuclear hazard
related: nuclear accident
source: FLGISA

radioactive decontamination
type: Concept
definition: The removal of radioactive contamination which is deposited on surfaces or may have spread throughout a work area. Personnel decontamination is also included. Decontamination methods follow two broad avenues of attack, mechanical and chemical.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ραδιοαπολύμανση @el
alternative label: radioaktivna dekontaminacija @hr
broader: decontamination
source: PARCOR

radioactive dumping
type: Concept
definition: Waste generated by the emission of particulate or electromagnetic radiation resulting from the decay of the nuclei of unstable elements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: dumping
related: radioactive waste
source: KOREN

radioactive emission
type: Concept
definition: The release of radioactive substances into the environment deriving from nuclear installations and from mining, purification and enrichment operations of radioactive elements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: isurtze erradioaktibo
alternative label: isurpen erradioaktibo
alternative label: emisije radioaktivnih tvari @hr
broader: emission
related: radiation
source: FLGISA

radioactive fallout
type: Concept
definition: The material that descends to the earth or water well beyond the site of a surface or subsurface nuclear explosion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: radioaktivni talog @hr
broader: fallout
related: radioactive pollutant
related match: Nuclear fallout
source: MGH

radioactive pollutant
type: Concept
definition: A substance undergoing spontaneous decay or disintegration of atomic nuclei and giving off radiant energy in the form of particles or waves, often associated with an explosion of a nuclear weapon or an accidental release from a nuclear power plant, holding facility or transporting container.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile erradioaktibo
broader: pollutant
related: radioactive fallout
source: DEE
source: ISEP

radioactive substance
type: Concept
definition: Any substance that contains one or more radionuclides of which the activity or the concentration cannot be disregarded as far as radiation protection is concerned.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
narrower: radioelement
related: radiation
source: ECHO2

radioactive tracer
type: Concept
definition: A radioactive isotope which, when injected into a biological or physical system, can be traced by radiation detection devices, permitting determination of the distribution or location of the substance to which it is attached.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ραδιενεργός τροχιοδεικτική ουσία @el
broader: tracer
source: MGH

radioactive tracer technique
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monitoring technique

radioactive waste
type: Concept
definition: Any waste that emit radiation in excess of normal background level, including the toxic by-products of the nuclear energy industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
related: radioactive dumping
related: special waste
source: GRAHAW

radioactive waste management
type: Concept
definition: The total supervision of the production, handling, processing, storage and transport of materials that contain radioactive nuclides and for which use, reuse or recovery are impractical.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9092
source: EIS
source: HMH

radioactivity
type: Concept
definition: The property possessed by some atomic nuclei of disintegrating spontaneously, with loss of energy through emission of a charged particle and/or gamma radiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radiation
narrower: natural radioactivity
related match: Radioactive decay
source: BRACK

radionuclide
type: Concept
definition: A nuclide that exhibits radioactivity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radioelement
related: isotope
source: MGH

background level
type: Concept
definition: Term used in a variety of situations, always as the constant or natural amount of a given substance, radiation, noise, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: radiation
source: KOREN

radon
type: Concept
definition: A radioactive gaseous element emitted naturally from rocks and minerals where radioactive elements are present. It is released in non-coal mines, e.g. tin, iron, fluorspar, uranium. Radon is an alpha particle emitter as are its decay products and has been indicted as a cause of excessive occurrence of lung cancer in uranium miners. Concern has been expressed at radon levels in some housing usually adjacent to granite rocks or old tin mining regions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group 0
related: radioelement
source: PORT

rag
type: Concept
definition: Discarded textile waste, either post-consumer waste or pre-consumer waste, such as manufacturing process scraps.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zarpail
alternative label: murskata malmi @fi
alternative label: kova rakennuskivi @fi
broader: type of waste
source: ISEP

railroad vehicle
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vehicle
narrower: train
narrower: locomotive
narrower: underground train

rail traffic
type: Concept
definition: The movement and circulation of vehicles transporting goods and people on railroad systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic
related: parking provision
related: railway network
related: railway
source: RRDA

rail transport
type: Concept
definition: Transportation of goods and persons by railway.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: željeznički promet @hr
alternative label: železničná preprava @sk
broader: land transportation
source: CED

railway
type: Concept
definition: A permanent track composed of a line of parallel metal rails fixed to sleepers, for transport of passengers and goods in trains.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: railway network
narrower: underground railway
narrower: high-speed railway
related: rail traffic
related match: Rail transport
source: CED

rain
type: Concept
definition: Precipitation in the form of liquid water drops with diameters greater than 0.5 millimeter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric precipitation
source: MGH

rain forest
type: Concept
definition: A forest of broad-leaved, mainly evergreen, trees found in continually moist climates in the tropics, subtropics, and some parts of the temperate zones.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δάσος βροχής @el
broader: forest
narrower: tropical rain forest
related match: Rainforest
source: MGH

background radiation
type: Concept
definition: Radiation resulting from natural sources, as opposed to man-made sources, and to which people are exposed in everyday, normal life; for example from rocks and soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ακτινοβολία υποστρώματος @el
alternative label: giro-erradiazio
broader: radiation
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

rainout
type: Concept
definition: Process by which particles in the atmosphere act as centres round which water can form drops which then falls as rain.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κατακρήμνιση ατμοσφαιρικών ρύπων λόγω βροχής @el
alternative label: surt regn @sv
broader: atmospheric pollution
source: PHC

rain water
type: Concept
definition: Water which falls as rain from clouds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: freshwater
source: PHC

raising a site
type: Concept
definition: The building up of land by the deposition of allochthonous material, such as rocks, gravel, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
source: RRDA

random test
type: Concept
definition: Tests which do not always yield the same result when repeated under the same conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ausazko test
alternative label: slučajno testiranje @hr
broader: testing method
source: MGH

rape (plant)
type: Concept
definition: A Eurasian cruciferous plant, Brassica napus, that is cultivated for its seeds, which yield a useful oil, and as a fodder plant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: olio-arbi
broader: flowering plant
related match: Brassica napus
source: CED

rapid transit train
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: train

rare species
type: Concept
definition: Species which have a restricted world range.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: category of endangered species
source: UNUN

raw material
type: Concept
definition: A crude, unprocessed or partially processed material used as feedstock for a processing operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πρώτες ύλες @el
alternative label: råmaterial @sv
broader: material
narrower: renewable raw material
narrower: petroleum
narrower: ore
narrower: sand
narrower: natural gas
source: MGH

raw material consumption
type: Concept
definition: The developed countries depend on a stable supply of raw materials for their industries. Total resource requirements are increasing rapidly over the entire world. In developed countries, although population is increasing slowly, per capita use is increasing rapidly, while the opposite is happening in developing countries. Traditionally raw materials have been classified as non-renewable resources, but a distinction may be important between "loosable" resources, such as oil and coal, and "non-loosable" resources, such as metals, which can be used several times over by recycling processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: resource exploitation
source: WPR

raw material securing
type: Concept
definition: Measures used to ensure the provision of or the access to crude, unprocessed or partially processed materials used as feedstock for processing or manufacturing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: osiguravanje sirovina @hr
alternative label: pribavljanje sirovina @hr
broader: safety measure
related: resource conservation
source: MHD
source: RHW

reaction kinetics
type: Concept
definition: That branch of physical chemistry concerned with the mechanisms and rates of chemical reactions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical reaction
related match: Chemical kinetics
source: MGH

reactor
type: Concept
definition: A device that introduces either inductive or capacitive reactance into a circuit, such as a coil or capacitor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οροθετικό ζώο @el
broader: equipment
narrower: bioreactor
narrower: nuclear reactor
source: MGH

reactor safety
type: Concept
definition: Those studies and activities that seek to minimise the risk of a nuclear reactor accident.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
related: industrial safety
related: nuclear reactor
source: RRDA

reforestation
type: Concept
definition: The planting of trees in forest areas which have been cleared. Reforestation has become increasingly important for preventing or reversing environmental degradation and for helping to maximize economic returns on commercially forested lands.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: berroihantze
broader: afforestation
source: WRIGHT

bacterium
type: Concept
definition: Group of single-cell micro-organisms, the smallest of the living organisms. Some are vital to sustain life, while others are responsible for causing highly dangerous human diseases, such as anthrax, tetanus and tuberculosis. Bacteria are found everywhere, in the soil, water and air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βακτηρίδια @el
broader: procaryote
broader: micro-organism
narrower: faecal bacterium
narrower: coliform bacterium
related: biological pollutant
related match: Bacteria
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

reasonableness
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ευλογοφάνεια @el
alternative label: kohtuullisuus @fi
broader: citizen awareness

recombinant DNA technology
type: Concept
definition: Techniques and practical applications associated with recombinant DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid artificially introduced into a cell that alters the genotype and phenotype of the cell and is replicated along with the natural DNA).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rekombinaatiotekniikka @fi
broader: genetic engineering
related match: Recombinant DNA
source: DELFIN
source: KOREN

recommendation
type: Concept
definition: Recommendation refers to an action which is advisory in nature rather than one having any binding effect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υπόδειξη @el
broader: law (corpus of rules)

bacterial bed
type: Concept
definition: A device that removes some suspended solids from sewage. Air and bacteria decompose additional wastes filtering through the sand so that cleaner water drains from the bed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bakterio-geruza
alternative label: bakterijski filtar @hr
broader: filter
source: LEE

recording of substances
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: research

recovery of landscape
type: Concept
definition: Reclamation measures taken to restore the environmental quality level of a landscape to its predisturbed condition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sanacija krajobraza @hr
broader: intervention on land
source: AQD

fauna restoration
type: Concept
definition: The process of returning wildlife ecosystems and habitats to their original conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reintroduction
narrower: flora restoration
source: DUNSTE

abandoned industrial site
type: Concept
definition: Site that cannot be used for any purpose, being contaminated by pollutants, not necessarily radioactive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: napušteni industrijski lokalitet @hr
broader: land setup
narrower: disused military site
related: old hazardous site
related: industrial wasteland
concept status: accepted

bactericide
type: Concept
definition: An agent that destroys bacteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βακτηριδιοκτόνο @el
alternative label: sredstvo za ubijanje bakterija @hr
broader: biocide
source: LBC

recovery plan
type: Concept
definition: A formulated or systematic method for the restoration of natural resources or the reuse of materials and objects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: plan revitalizacije @hr
alternative label: plan obnove @hr
broader: plan
related match: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
source: OED

recreation
type: Concept
definition: Activities that promote refreshment of health or spirits by relaxation and enjoyment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διάλειμμα @el
alternative label: jolas
alternative label: rekreation @sv
narrower: leisure activity
narrower: sport
narrower: leisure time
related: path
related: environmental impact of recreation
related: recreational area
related: green space
related: social behaviour
source: CED

recreational area
type: Concept
definition: A piece of publicly owned land, especially in a town, used for sports and games.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jolasleku
alternative label: područje za rekreaciju @hr
broader: green space
narrower: hunting reserve
narrower: touristic zone
narrower: fishing preserve
related: recreation
source: CAMB

recyclability
type: Concept
definition: Characteristic of materials that still have useful physical or chemical properties after serving their original purpose and that can, therefore, be reused or remanufactured into additional products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
related: recycled material
source: LEE

recyclable plastic
type: Concept
definition: Plastic waste that can be transformed into new products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plastic
related: recycled material
related match: Plastic recycling
source: RRDA

recycled material
type: Concept
definition: Waste materials that are transformed into new products in such a manner that the original products may lose their identity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: material birziklatu
broader: miscellaneous product
narrower: recycled paper
related: recyclability
related: recyclable plastic
source: LANDY

recycled paper
type: Concept
definition: Paper that has been separated from the solid waste stream for utilization as a raw material in the manufacture of a new product. Not all paper in the waste stream is recyclable. It may be heavily contaminated or otherwise unusable.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: recycled material
related: paper
related match: Paper recycling
source: LEE

recycling
type: Concept
definition: A resource recovery method involving the collection and treatment of a waste product for use as raw material in the manufacture of the same or a similar product.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: birziklapen
alternative label: återanvändning @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9106
narrower: recycling potential
narrower: residue recycling
narrower: recycling ratio
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9107
source: LANDY

life-cycle management
type: Concept
definition: Management of all the stages involved in the life of a product such as raw materials acquisition, manufacturing, distribution and retail, use and re-use and maintenance, recycling and waste management, in order to create less environmentally harmful products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9092
related: chain management
source: PORT

recycling management and waste law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by government to establish and regulate provisions for the minimization of waste generation through recovery and reprocessing of re-usable products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9091
source: TOE

bacteriology
type: Concept
definition: The science and study of bacteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
related match: Microbiology
source: MGH

recycling potential
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: recycling

recycling ratio
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: recycling
related match: Moisture recycling

redress
type: Concept
definition: An administrative or legal remedy that attempts to restore a person to his or her original or expected position prior to loss or injury, including breach of contract.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επανόρθωση @el
alternative label: hyvitys @fi
alternative label: tasoittaa @fi
alternative label: pravni lijek @hr
alternative label: obeštećenje @hr
alternative label: naknada @hr
alternative label: tillgång till domstolsprövning @sv
alternative label: tillgång till tvistlösning @sv
broader: policy instrument
source: BLD

red tide
type: Concept
definition: Sea water which is covered or discoloured by the sudden growth of algal bloom or by a great increase in single-celled organisms, dinoflagellates. Red tides are often fatal to many forms of marine life and, in some cases, can result in human deaths because the dinoflagellates are eaten by clams and mussels which concentrate the paralysing toxins which they produce.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: algal bloom
source: WRIGHT

chemical reduction
type: Concept
definition: Chemical reaction in which an element gains an electron.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: reducering @sv
alternative label: minskning @sv
broader: chemical reaction
related match: Redox
source: MGH

reed
type: Concept
definition: Any of various types of tall stiff grass-like plants growing together in groups near water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καλαμιώνας @el
alternative label: ετήσιοι δακτύλιοι (κορμού δέντρου) @el
alternative label: halm @sv
broader: flowering plant
source: CAMB

reef
type: Concept
definition: A line of rocks in the tidal zone of a coast, submerged at high water but partly uncovered at low water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ξέρα @el
alternative label: uharri
broader: landform
narrower: coral reef
narrower: barrier reef
source: WHIT

refinery
type: Concept
definition: A factory for the purification of some crude material such as ore, sugar, oil, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial plant (building)
narrower: oil refinery
related: purification
source: CED

refining
type: Concept
definition: The processing of raw material to remove impurities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εξευγενισμός @el
alternative label: ραφινάρισμα @el
alternative label: διαύγαση @el
alternative label: finketa
broader: industrial process
related: coal refining
source: PHC

reflection
type: Concept
definition: The return of waves or particles from surfaces on which they are incident.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: peilaus @fi
alternative label: refleksija @hr
alternative label: reflektion @sv
alternative label: återspegling @sv
broader: physical process
related: radiation
source: MGH

reflectometry
type: Concept
definition: The study of the reflectance of light or other radiant energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: laboratory technique
source: WEBSTE

refrigerant
type: Concept
definition: A substance that by undergoing a change in phase (liquid to gas, gas to liquid) releases or absorbs a large latent heat in relation to its volume, and thus effects a considerable cooling effect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
source: MGH

refrigeration industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry

refrigeration
type: Concept
definition: The cooling of substances, usually food, below the environmental temperature for preservative purposes. Refrigeration is responsible for the largest and fastest-growing use of CFCs in the developing world. The industrial countries, and some developing countries, have taken exceptional steps to control and, eventually, ban the production of CFCs and other ozone-depleting materials by the year 2000. However, many developing nations have not signed the Montreal Protocol because they are afraid that the cost of changing over to alternative, ozone-friendly technology will be too high.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mrazenie @sk
broader: industrial process
related: cooling
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

refrigerator
type: Concept
definition: An appliance, a cabinet, or a room for storing food or other substances at a low temperature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ψυγείο @el
alternative label: kylrum @sv
broader: thermal equipment
broader: electrotechnical equipment
source: AMHER

refuge
type: Concept
definition: A restricted and isolated area in which plants and animals persisted during a period of continental climatic change that made surrounding areas uninhabitable; especially an ice-free or unglaciated area within or close to a continental ice sheet or upland ice cap, where hardy biotas eked out an existence during a glacial phase. It later served as a center of dispersal for the repopulation of surrounding areas after climatic readjustment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: νησίδα @el
alternative label: aterpe
alternative label: suojaava saareke @fi
alternative label: refugio @fi
alternative label: reservat @sv
alternative label: skydd @sv
broader: protected area
source: BJGEO

refugee
type: Concept
definition: A person who is outside his country of origin and who, due to well-founded fear of persecution, is unable or unwilling to avail himself of that country protection.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social group
source: GUNN

refuse collection vehicle
type: Concept
definition: Special vehicles designed and equipped for the collection of wastes and their transportation to a waste disposal site.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: motor vehicle
related: street cleaning
related match: Garbage truck
source: MANCOS

refuse derived fuel
type: Concept
definition: Fuel produced from domestic refuse, after glass and metals have been removed from it, by compressing it to form briquettes used to fuel boilers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fuel
related match: Refuse-derived fuel
source: PORT

refuse-sludge compost
type: Concept
definition: Compost derived by the biodegradation of the organic constituents of solid wastes and wastewater sludges. The major public health issues associated with composting using solid wastes mixed with sewage sludge are pathogens, heavy metal, and odors. The heat generated during composting, as a result of the activities of thermophilic organisms, is capable of killing bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths present in sewage sludge. The metallic elements in sludge of greatest concern to human health are cadmium, lead, arsenic, selenium, and mercury. Only cadmium is normally found in sewage sludge at levels which, when applied to soils, can be absorbed by plants, and accumulate in edible parts, thereby entering the food chain.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: compost made from mixture of sewage sludge and compostable refuse or waste <D> @en
broader: compost
source: CORBIT

regeneration
type: Concept
definition: The renewing or reuse of materials such as activated carbon, single ion exchange resins, and filter beds by appropriate means to remove organics, metals, solids, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: birsorkuntza
alternative label: regeneracija @hr
alternative label: regenerering @sv
alternative label: renovering @sv
alternative label: föryngring @sv
alternative label: återbildning @sv
broader: industrial process
narrower: retrofitting of old plants
source: LEE

retrofitting of old plants
type: Concept
definition: Making changes to old industrial plants installing new equipment's and facilities for the disposal of gas emissions in the atmosphere, of waste water and waste material in soil and water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regeneration
source: RRDA

region
type: Concept
definition: A designated area or an administrative division of a city, county or larger geographical territory that is formulated according to some biological, political, economic or demographic criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιοχή @el
broader: state
source: ISEP
source: RHW

regional convention
type: Concept
definition: An assembly of national, political party or organizational delegates representing persons or the interests of a specific geographic area, or the pact or the agreement that arises from such an assembly.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περιφερειακό συνέδριο @el
alternative label: regionalna konvencija @hr
broader: convention
source: BLD

regional development
type: Concept
definition: The progress or advancement for a large geographical territory or a designated division of a country or state, particularly in economic growth that leads to modernization or industrialization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regional planning
source: RHW

regional law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tokiko legeria
broader: legislation

regional plan
type: Concept
definition: The plan for a region according to some physiographic, biological, political, administrative, economic, demographic, or other criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plan
source: LANDY

regional planning
type: Concept
definition: The step by step method and process of defining, developing and outlining various possible courses of actions to meet existing or future needs, goals and objectives for a designated area or an administrative division of a city, county or larger geographical area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χωροταξία @el
broader: planning
narrower: regional development
narrower: regional structure
related: physical planning
source: BLD
source: RHW

regional regulation
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules or orders prescribed by government, management or an international organization or treaty pertaining to or effective within a specific territory of one or more states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regulation
source: BLD
source: RHW

regional statistics
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: regionalni statistički podaci @hr
broader: statistics

regional structure
type: Concept
definition: The organization or arrangement of a large geographical territory or a designated division of a country or state that may be formulated according to some administrative, biological, political, economic or demographic criteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regional planning
source: RHW

registration
type: Concept
definition: An instance of or a certificate attesting to the fact of entering in an official list various pieces of information in order to facilitate regulation or authorization, including one's name, contact information and, in some instances, data concerning a specific possession or property.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καταχώρηση @el
alternative label: ilmoittautuminen @fi
alternative label: upis u upisnik @hr
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: land and property register
related match: Register
source: BLD
source: RHW

registration proceeding
type: Concept
definition: The course of action or record in which an individual, company or an organization formally enrolls with a government agency or an authority in order to be granted certain rights, particularly trademark or copyright privileges, or the permission to sell and distribute a product.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erregistro-jardunbide
alternative label: postupak uknjižbe @hr
alternative label: postupak upisa @hr
broader: industrial policy
source: BLD

renewable raw material
type: Concept
definition: Resources that have a natural rate of availability and yield a continual flow of services which may be consumed in any time period without endangering future consumption possibilities as long as current use does not exceed net renewal during the period under consideration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: raw material
related: renewable resource
source: WHIT

regulation on maximum permissible limits
type: Concept
definition: A body of rules or orders prescribed by a government or an international organization or treaty establishing levels of hazardous materials in the environment or in ingestible substances beyond which human exposure is deemed health-threatening.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: regulation
source: SPR

ordinance
type: Concept
definition: A rule established by authority; a permanent rule of action; a law or statute. In its most common meaning, the term is used to designate the enactment of the legislative body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κανονισμός @el
alternative label: pravilnik @hr
alternative label: stadga @sv
alternative label: föreskrift @sv
broader: law (corpus of rules)
source: WESTS

regulative law
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: planning law

balance (economic)
type: Concept
definition: An equality between the sums total of the two sides of an account, or the excess on either side.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ισοστάθμιση @el
alternative label: ισοζύγιο @el
alternative label: ισορροπία @el
alternative label: kate @fi
alternative label: saldo @fi
broader: accounting
narrower: profit
narrower: loss
source: WESTS

regulatory control
type: Concept
definition: Government supervision over the obligations and rights of an industry or enterprise for the purpose of providing the public with services that are considered important, vital or necessary to most members of a community or area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: regulatorna kontrola @hr
broader: legal procedure
source: DAM

rehabilitation
type: Concept
definition: A conservation measure involving the correction of past abuses that have impaired the productivity of the resources base.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αναμόρφωση @el
alternative label: απορρύπανση @el
alternative label: återställande @sv
alternative label: återupprättelse @sv
broader: intervention on land
narrower: site rehabilitation
source: MGH

rehousing
type: Concept
definition: To provide with new or different housing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etxe berrietan sartze
broader: housing
source: RRDA

reintroduction
type: Concept
definition: Reintroduction of exterminated species in an area; it is bound to fail if the chosen animal became extinct in the area too long ago and if the area itself has undergone too many changes. Reintroduction needs years of careful planning - the approval of local population, technical conditions of the release, feeding system, protection and breeding control - and even then some unexpected problems may arise.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: birsartze
alternative label: ponovno naseljavanje @hr
broader: intervention in nature and landscape
narrower: fauna restoration
narrower: species reintroduction
source: WPR

cause-effect relation
type: Concept
definition: The relating of causes to the effects that they produce.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kauzalnost @hr
alternative label: veza uzroka i posljedice @hr
broader: parameter
source: UVAROV

release of organisms
type: Concept
definition: The release of organisms in the environment creates the risk that once released they may exhibit some previously unknown pathogenicity, might take over from some naturally occurring bacteria or pass on some unwanted trait to such indigenous bacteria.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: anthropic activity
narrower: introduction of animal species
narrower: mutated micro-organisms release
narrower: accidental release of organisms
narrower: introduction of plant species
related: genetically modified organism
source: WPR

religion
type: Concept
definition: The expression of man's belief in and reverence for a superhuman power recognized as the creator and governor of the universe.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θρήσκευμα @el
alternative label: θρησκευτικά @el
alternative label: vjera @hr
broader: social behaviour

action group
type: Concept
definition: A collection of persons united to address specific sociopolitical or socioeconomic concerns.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pressure group
source: RHW

balancing of interests
type: Concept
definition: Considering, weighing or counterbalancing the competing political or financial concerns of different parts of society, including industries, consumers, trade unions and other groups or organizations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: administrative organisation
source: ISEP
source: OED

remote sensing
type: Concept
definition: 1) The scientific detection, recognition, inventory and analysis of land and water area by the use of distant sensors or recording devices such as photography, thermal scanners, radar, etc. 2) Complex of techniques for the remote measure of electromagnetic energy emitted by objects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: daljinsko otkrivanje @hr
alternative label: daljinsko pronicanje @hr
broader: telemetry
related: observation satellite
related: digital image processing technique
source: LANDY
source: ZINZAN

removal
type: Concept
definition: General term indicating the elimination of substances from a medium or from the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απομάκρυνση @el
alternative label: eliminazio
alternative label: kentze
alternative label: odstranjivanje @hr
alternative label: infångande @sv
alternative label: rening @sv
broader: chemical process
narrower: phosphate removal
narrower: denitrification
narrower: desulphurisation
source: RRDA

renaturation
type: Concept
definition: A process of returning natural ecosystems or habitats to their original structure and species composition. Restoration requires a detailed knowledge of the original species, ecosystem functions and interacting processes involved.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επανασχηματισμός @el
broader: intervention on land
narrower: revegetation
source: DUNSTE

renewable energy source
type: Concept
definition: Energy sources that do not rely on fuels of which there are only finite stocks. The most widely used renewable source is hydroelectric power; other renewable sources are biomass energy, solar energy, tidal energy, wave energy, and wind energy; biomass energy does not avoid the danger of the greenhouse effect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy source
related match: Renewable energy
source: UVAROV

renewable resource
type: Concept
definition: Resources capable of being continuously renewed or replaced through such processes as organic reproduction and cultivation such as those practiced in agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry and fisheries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
hidden label: renewable resources @en
broader: resource
related: renewable raw material
related: energy production
source: LANDY

rental housing
type: Concept
definition: Dwelling places occupied by tenants who make periodic payments to landlords or owners for use of the facilities as residences.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: errentako etxe
alternative label: akurako etxe
broader: housing
source: RHW

repair business
type: Concept
definition: Any commercial activity, position or site that involves work in restoring or fixing some material thing or structure, such as by replacing parts or putting together something torn, broken or detached.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: services
source: RHW

replacement
type: Concept
definition: Substitution of an atom or atomic group with a different one.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ordezkatze
alternative label: ersättning @sv
broader: chemical process
narrower: substitution of halogenated compounds
related: substitutability (chemistry)
source: ZINZAN

replacement cost
type: Concept
definition: The amount of money involved to replace or have an item take the place of another item.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cost
related match: Replacement value
source: EFP

reporting process
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial policy

representation
type: Concept
definition: Any conduct or action undertaken on behalf of a person, group, business or government, often as an elected or appointed voice.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αντιπροσωπία @el
alternative label: αντιπροσώπευση @el
broader: public function
source: RHW

reprocessing
type: Concept
definition: Restoration of contaminated nuclear fuel to a usable condition.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: processing
source: MGH

reproduction (biological)
type: Concept
definition: Any of various processes, either sexual or asexual, by which an animal or plant produces one or more individuals similar to itself.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uusimistuotanto @fi
alternative label: jälkipainos @fi
alternative label: reprodukcija @hr
alternative label: fortplantning @sv
alternative label: återgivning @sv
alternative label: reproduktion @sv
alternative label: förökning @sv
broader: biological process
narrower: plant reproduction
narrower: hybridisation
narrower: animal reproduction
narrower: ontogenesis
related: genetic information
source: CED

reproductive manipulation
type: Concept
definition: The technology involved in altering in some prescribed way the genetic constitution of an organism. Typically "useful" genes, i.e. very short sequence of DNA, are isolated from one organism and inserted into the DNA of a bacterium of yeast. These microorganisms multiply rapidly and can be cultured easily, enabling large quantities of the gene product to be obtained. Reproductive manipulation has been used for the large-scale production of antibiotics, enzymes, and hormones (e.g. insulin). Organisms into which foreign DNA has been artificially inserted are called "transgenic organisms".
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: genetic engineering
source: UVAROV

reptile
type: Concept
definition: A class of terrestrial vertebrates, characterized by the lack of hair, feathers, and mammary glands; the skin is covered with scales, they have a three chambered heart and the pleural and peritoneal cavities are continuous.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vertebrate
narrower: crocodile
narrower: lizard
narrower: snake
narrower: tortoise
source: MGH

rescue service
type: Concept
definition: Service organized to provide immediate assistance to persons injured or in distress.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: služba za spašavanje @hr
broader: public utility
related: rescue system
source: RRDA

research
type: Concept
definition: Scientific investigation aimed at discovering and applying new facts, techniques and natural laws.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ikerkuntza
alternative label: znanstveno istraživanje @hr
narrower: recording of substances
narrower: selection of technology
narrower: urban study
narrower: historical research
narrower: literature study
narrower: exploration
narrower: research project
narrower: scientific research
related: research centre
related: laboratory
related: literature evaluation
source: MGH

research centre
type: Concept
definition: Place where systematic investigation to establish facts or principles or to collect information on a subject is performed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κέντρο έρευνας (ερευνών) @el
broader: cultural facility
narrower: remote sensing centre
narrower: nuclear research centre
related: research
source: CED

research project
type: Concept
definition: Proposal, plan or design containing the necessary information and data for conducting a specific survey.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: research
related match: Research
source: CED

biological reserve
type: Concept
definition: An area of land and/or of water designated as having protected status for purposes of preserving certain biological features. Reserves are managed primarily to safeguard these features and provide opportunities for research into the problems underlying the management of natural sites and of vegetation and animal populations. Regulations are normally imposed controlling public access and disturbance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reserve
narrower: state biological reserve
related: biosphere reserve
related match: Nature reserve
source: GOOD

reservoir
type: Concept
definition: An artificial or natural storage place for water, such as a lake or pond, from which the water may be withdrawn as for irrigation, municipal water supply, or flood control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δεξαμενή (περισυλλογής) @el
alternative label: tekojärvi @fi
alternative label: säiliökivilaji @fi
alternative label: spremnik vode @hr
alternative label: magasin @sv
broader: mixed use area
narrower: retaining reservoir
narrower: artificial lake
related: water reservoir
source: BJGEO

residential area
type: Concept
definition: Area that has only private houses, not offices and factories.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: stambeno područje @hr
broader: urban settlement
narrower: residential area with traffic calmings
related: housing
source: CAMB

residential building
type: Concept
definition: A building allocated for residence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bizitzeko eraikin
broader: building
narrower: dwelling
narrower: apartment block
related: human settlement
related: housing
related match: Residential area
source: CED

residential area with traffic calmings
type: Concept
definition: Residential zones where raised areas are built across roads so that vehicles are forced to move more slowly along it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: residential area
source: CAMB

residual amount of water
type: Concept
definition: Amount of water left in a water course after it has fed a hydropower plant in order to maintain a satisfactory dry-weather-flow for allowing the survival of biotic communities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondar-uren kantitate
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9172
source: RRDA

residual risk
type: Concept
definition: Remaining potential for harm to persons, property or the environment following all possible efforts to reduce predictable hazards.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk
source: TOE

residual waste
type: Concept
definition: Material left after any waste treatment process, including industrial, urban, agricultural, mining or other similar treatments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
narrower: combustion residue
narrower: treatment residue
narrower: residue of grinding
narrower: residual pesticide
related match: Municipal solid waste
source: ERG
source: ISEP

residue analysis
type: Concept
definition: Analysis of residues from agricultural chemicals used in food crops and contained in foodstuff. The analyses use gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, immunoassays, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
source: RRDA
source: USDA

banking
type: Concept
definition: Transactional business between any bank, an institution for safeguarding, exchanging, receiving and lending money, and that bank's clients or customers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τραπεζικό σύστημα @el
alternative label: διαμόρφωση πρανών @el
alternative label: särkkäkalastus @fi
alternative label: pankkitoiminta @fi
alternative label: bankarsko poslovanje @hr
broader: credit
narrower: emission reduction banking
related match: Bank
source: OED
source: RHW

residue recycling
type: Concept
definition: Recycling of material or energy which is left over or wasted in industrial processes and other human activities. Examples include waste heat and gaseous pollutants from electricity generation, slag from metal-ore refining, and garbage. A residual becomes an output or input when a technological advance creates economic opportunities for the waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: recycling
source: GILP96

resin
type: Concept
definition: Any of a class of solid or semisolid organic products of natural or synthetic origin with no definite melting point, generally of high molecular weight; most resins are polymers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: miscellaneous product
related: forest product
related: synthetic material
source: MGH

resistance (biological)
type: Concept
definition: 1) The ability of a plant to overcome, retard, suppress, or prevent infection or colonization by a pathogen, parasite, or adverse abiotic factor. 2) The ability of insects, fungi, weeds, or other pests to survive normally lethal doses of an insecticide, fungicide, herbicide, or other pesticide.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: resistans @sv
broader: autoecology
source: DUNSTE

resolution (act)
type: Concept
definition: A formal expression of the opinion of an official body or a public assembly, adopted by vote, as a legislative resolution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erabaki
broader: administrative procedure
source: BLACK

resorption
type: Concept
definition: Absorption or, less commonly, adsorption of material by a body or system from which the material was previously released.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erresortzio
alternative label: upijanje @hr
broader: sorption
related: pollutant absorption
source: MGH

resource
type: Concept
definition: Any component of the environment that can be utilized by an organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μέσα @el
alternative label: izvor @hr
narrower: natural resource
narrower: renewable resource
narrower: non-renewable resource
narrower: energy resource
related: resource reserve
related: resource conservation
related: resources management
source: LBC

resource appraisal
type: Concept
definition: Assessment of the availability of resources in a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: natur baliabideen balioztapen
broader: environmental assessment
narrower: forest resource assessment
source: GILP96

resource conservation
type: Concept
definition: Reduction of overall resource consumption and utilization of recovered resources in order to avoid waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baliabideen babes
alternative label: očuvanje prirodnih resursa @hr
broader: environmental conservation
narrower: natural resource conservation
narrower: conservation of genetic resources
narrower: conservation of petroleum resources
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9223
narrower: marine resources conservation
related: resource
related: raw material securing
source: KOREN

resource exploitation
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: resource utilisation
narrower: raw material consumption
narrower: exploitation of underground water
narrower: ocean exploitation
narrower: sustainable use
related: degradation of natural resources

resource reserve
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
related: resource
related: fishing preserve

resources management
type: Concept
definition: A conscious process of decision-making whereby natural and cultural resources are allocated over time and space to optimize the attainment of stated objectives of a society, within the framework of its technology, political and social institutions, and legal and administrative arrangements. An important objective is the conservation of resources, implying a close and integrated relationship between the ecological basis and the socio-economic system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gospodarenje resursima @hr
alternative label: resurshushållning @sv
alternative label: förvaltning av resurser @sv
broader: environmental management
narrower: management of natural resources
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9234
narrower: water resources management
related: resource
related match: Resource management
source: GOOD

respiration
type: Concept
definition: The process in living organisms of taking in oxygen from the surroundings and giving out carbon dioxide.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metabolism
narrower: respiratory air
source: CED

respiratory air
type: Concept
definition: Air volumes inspired and expired through the lungs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αέρας κατάλληλος για την αναπνοή @el
broader: respiration
source: DELFIN

respiratory disease
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arnas gaixotasun
alternative label: arnas arazo
alternative label: respiratorna bolest @hr
alternative label: respiračné ochorenia @sk
broader: human disease
narrower: pulmonary disease
related: respiratory system

sewage spreading prohibition
type: Concept
definition: Prohibition of spreading sewage sludge on land to prevent accumulation of toxic heavy metals in excessive quantities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: prohibition
related: sewage disposal
source: PORT

respiratory protection apparatus
type: Concept
definition: Any of a group of devices that protect the respiratory system from exposure to airborne contaminants; usually a mask with a fitting to cover the nose and mouth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arnas-babes
broader: equipment
related: preventive health measure
related: occupational health care
source: KOREN

respiratory system
type: Concept
definition: The structures and passages involved with the intake, expulsion and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the vertebrate body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: respiratorni sustav @hr
broader: anatomy
narrower: respiratory tract
narrower: alveolus
related: respiratory disease
source: MGH

respiratory tract
type: Concept
definition: The structures and passages involved with intake, expulsion, and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the vertebrate body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: respiratorni trakt @hr
alternative label: andningsvägar @sv
broader: respiratory system
source: MGH

responsibility
type: Concept
definition: The obligation to answer for an act done, and to repair or otherwise make restitution for any injury it may have caused.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αρμοδιότητα @el
alternative label: plikt @sv
broader: administrative competence
narrower: personal responsibility
source: WESTS

impact reversal
type: Concept
definition: The counteracting or undoing of negative effects or influences on the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poništenje učinka @hr
broader: environmental problem solving
narrower: impact minimisation
narrower: installation optimisation
narrower: power station derating
source: OED

resting form
type: Concept
definition: Resistant structure that allows the organism to survive adverse environmental conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: resistant form of life, like spores, resting eggs, seeds <D> @en
broader: behaviour pattern
source: ALL2

restoration
type: Concept
definition: The process of renewing or returning something to its original, normal or unimpaired condition, particularly works of art, cultural artifacts, furniture or buildings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επαναφορά @el
alternative label: ανακαίνιση @el
alternative label: αναστήλωση @el
alternative label: obnova @hr
alternative label: vraćanje u prvobitno stanje @hr
broader: cultural heritage
related: installation restoration
source: RHW

restoration measure
type: Concept
definition: Procedure or course of action taken to reestablish or bring back to state of environmental or ecological health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental problem solving
source: RHW

barium
type: Concept
definition: A soft silvery-white metallic element of the alkaline earth group. It is used in bearing alloys and compounds are used as pigments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group II (alkaline earth metals)
source: CED

restriction of production
type: Concept
definition: Any decision, action or policy which limits or constrains the making of valued goods or services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekozipena m
alternative label: ekoizpen-murrizketa
alternative label: produkzioa murrizte
broader: decision process
source: ODE

restriction on use
type: Concept
definition: A limitation on the utilization of land or some other property, often inscribed in a deed or lease document.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erabilera murrizte
broader: administrative procedure
source: BLD

retail trade
type: Concept
definition: The sale of goods to ultimate consumers, usually in small quantities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λιανικό εμπόριο @el
alternative label: trgovina na malo @hr
broader: trade (services)
related match: Retailing

retarding basin
type: Concept
definition: A basin designed and operated to provide temporary storage and thus reduce the peak flood flows of a stream.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
source: MGH

retrofitting
type: Concept
definition: 1) Addition of a pollution control device on an existing facility without making major changes to the generating plant. 2) Providing a jet, an automobile, a computer, or a factory, for example, with parts, devices or equipment not in existence or available at the time of original manufacture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: modernizatze
alternative label: unaprjeđenje @hr
broader: industrial process
source: AMHER
source: TOE

return to nature
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: naturara bihurtze
broader: man-nature relationship

reusable container
type: Concept
definition: Any container which has been conceived and designed to accomplish within its life cycle a minimum number of trips or rotations in order to be refilled or reused for the same purpose for which it was conceived.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: container
related: packaging
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9108
source: PORT

activated carbon
type: Concept
definition: A powdered, granular or pelleted form of amorphous carbon characterized by a very large surface area per unit volume because of an enormous number of fine pores.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
source: LANDY

reuse of materials
type: Concept
definition: Any re-utilization of products or components, in original form, such as when used glass bottles are sterilized and refilled for resale.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related: waste avoidance
source: TOE

revegetation
type: Concept
definition: Planting of new trees and, particularly, of native plants in disturbed sites where the vegetation cover has been destroyed, to stabilize the land surface from wind and water erosion and to reclame the land for other uses. Revegetation practices are employed in mined lands, roadsides, parks, wetlands, utility corridors, riparian areas, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: renaturation
source: CORBIT
source: REVEG

reverse osmosis
type: Concept
definition: A method of obtaining pure water from water containing a salt, as in desalination. Pure water and the salt water are separated by a semipermeable membrane and the pressure of the salt water is raised above the osmotic pressure, causing water from the brine to pass through the membrane into the pure water. This process requires a pressure of some 25 atmospheres, which makes it difficult to apply on a large scale.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: osmosis
source: DICCHE

rice
type: Concept
definition: An erect grass, Oryza sativa, that grows in East Asia on wet ground and has drooping flower spikes and yellow oblong edible grains that become white when polished.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρύζι @el
alternative label: irris
broader: flowering plant
source: CED

petition right
type: Concept
definition: A legal guarantee or just claim enabling a citizen or employee to compose and submit a formal written request to an authority asking for some benefit or favor or for intervention and redress of some wrong.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: administrative procedure
source: BLD
source: RHW

right of property
type: Concept
definition: The legal guarantee or just claim inhering in a citizen's relation to some physical thing, but especially a plot of land, including the right to possess, use and dispose of it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pravo vlasništva @hr
broader: administrative procedure
related match: Ownership
source: BLD

right to compensation
type: Concept
definition: A legally enforceable claim for payment or reimbursement to pay for damages, loss or injury, or for remuneration to pay for services rendered, whether in fees, commissions or salary.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pravo na naknadu štete @hr
broader: administrative procedure
source: BLD

right to information
type: Concept
definition: The individual's right to know in general about the existence of data banks, the right to be informed on request and the general right to a print-out of the information registered and to know the actual use made of the information.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pravo na informiranost @hr
broader: rights
related match: Freedom of information legislation
source: ECHO1

ringing (wildlife)
type: Concept
definition: To attach a numbered ring to the leg of a bird so that its movements can be recorded. Ringing is a very common method of tracing bird movement and providing information about bird's ages. It can also cause stress to the birds.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: methodology
related: wildlife protection
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9313
source: PHC

rinsing
type: Concept
definition: The removal of thin layers of surface material more or less evenly from an extensive area of gently sloping land, by broad continuous sheets of running water rather than by streams flowing in well-defined channels; e.g. erosion that occurs when rain washes away a thin layer of topsoil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έκπλυση @el
broader: runoff
source: BJGEO

riparian zone
type: Concept
definition: 1) Terrestrial areas where the vegetation complex and microclimate are products of the combined pressure and influence of perennial and/or intermittent water... and soils that exhibit some wetness characteristics. 2) Zone situated on the bank of a water course such as a river or stream.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pobrežná zóna @sk
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
source: DUNSTE
source: GILP96

rising (geological)
type: Concept
definition: The slow vertical instability of the earth crust involving up-and-down movements as in the volcanic district west of Naples, Italy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ύψωμα [γεωλογικός όρος] @el
alternative label: altxatze (geologikoa)
alternative label: höjd @sv
broader: geological process
narrower: subsidence
source: BJGEO

rising sea level
type: Concept
definition: Sea level rises are a possible consequence of global warming. As the amount of free water in the ocean increases, and as the water becomes warmer, global warming will increase. In addition, according to theory, the heating at the poles may reduce the amount of water trapped in glaciers and ice caps. By the year 3000, the seas could rise between one and two metres. Such an event would clearly threaten low-lying areas, particularly in Asia, where million of people live and farm on river deltas and flood plains.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sea level
source: WRIGHT

risk
type: Concept
definition: The expected number of lives lost, persons injured, damage to property and disruption of economic activity due to a particular natural phenomenon, and consequently the product of the probability of occurrence and the expected magnitude of damage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: environmental risk
narrower: pollution risk
narrower: major risk
narrower: technological hazard
narrower: natural risk
narrower: residual risk
narrower: chemical risk
narrower: cancer risk
narrower: nuclear risk
related: hazard
related: risk assessment
source: GUNN
source: RRDA

risk analysis
type: Concept
definition: Technique used to determine the likelihood or chance of hazardous events occurring (such as release of a certain quantity of a toxic gas) and the likely consequences. Originally developed for use in nuclear and chemical industry where certain possible events, of low probability, could have extremely serious results. Attempts are being made to use concepts from probabilistic risk analysis to characterise environmental impacts, whose occurrence and nature are not easy to predict with any degree of accuracy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
related: analysis
source: ERIN

risk assessment
type: Concept
definition: The qualitative and quantitative evaluation performed in an effort to define the risk posed to human health and/or the environment by an action or by the presence or use of a specific substance or pollutant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: procjena rizika @hr
alternative label: miljöriskbedömning @sv
alternative label: riskbedömning @sv
broader: safety
narrower: risk management
narrower: risk exposure
narrower: danger analysis
narrower: environmental risk assessment
narrower: anticipation of danger
narrower: risk reduction
narrower: safety analysis
narrower: safety study
narrower: risk perception
narrower: natural risk analysis
narrower: risk analysis
narrower: disaster preparedness
narrower: risk communication
related: acceptable risk level
related: risk
related: technology assessment
related: evaluation
source: LEE

risk-benefit analysis
type: Concept
definition: A systematic process of evaluating and assessing the hazards of loss versus the possibility of financial gain or profit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic analysis
source: OED

risk communication
type: Concept
definition: The exchange of information about health or environmental risks among risk assessors and managers, the general public, news media, interest groups, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
related match: Risk management
source: OPPTIN

risk perception
type: Concept
definition: A subjective appreciation by individuals which will more often than not bear little relation to the statistical probability of damage or injury.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arriskuaren pertzepzio
alternative label: poimanje rizika @hr
alternative label: shvaćanje rizika @hr
broader: risk assessment
source: GRAHAW

risk reduction
type: Concept
definition: Any act, instance or process lowering the probability that harm will come to an area or its population as the result of some hazard.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
source: ISEP
source: TOE

river
type: Concept
definition: A stream of water which flows in a channel from high ground to low ground and ultimately to a lake or the sea, except in a desert area where it may dwindle away to nothing. A river and all its tributaries within a single basin is termed a drainage system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9161
narrower: delta
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9170
narrower: estuary
related: channelling
related: river bed
source: WHIT

river basin development
type: Concept
definition: Any growth, maturation or change in an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrographic basin
source: TOE

river channelling
type: Concept
definition: The alteration of a natural stream by excavation, realignment, lining or other means to accelerate the flow of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: channelling
source: LANDY

baseline monitoring
type: Concept
definition: Monitoring of long-term changes in atmospheric compositions of particular significance to the weather and the climate.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στοιχειώδης παρακολούθηση @el
alternative label: oinarrizko kontrol
alternative label: polazni monitoring @hr
broader: monitoring
source: YOUNG

river pollution
type: Concept
definition: The direct or indirect human alteration of the biological, physical, chemical or radiological integrity of river water, or a river ecosystem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ibai-poluzio
broader: freshwater pollution
related: river disposal
related match: Water pollution
source: LANDY

river water
type: Concept
definition: Water which flows in a channel from high ground to low ground and ultimately to a lake or the sea, except in a desert area where it may dwindle away to nothing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: freshwater
source: WHIT

road
type: Concept
definition: A long piece of hard ground that people can drive along from one place to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πορεία @el
alternative label: gata @sv
broader: road network
narrower: path
narrower: route
narrower: highway
narrower: traffic route
narrower: motorway
narrower: trunk road
narrower: access road
related: road traffic
source: CAMB

road construction
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gradnja cesta @hr
broader: traffic route construction
related: tar use

road maintenance
type: Concept
definition: The care or upkeep of streets, highways and other routes, including improvements in alignment, widening and markings, and work involving buried cables, water mains or gas mains.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: errepideen zaintza
broader: public works
source: CSD

base (chemical)
type: Concept
definition: Any chemical species, ionic or molecular, capable of accepting or receiving a proton (hydrogen ion) from another substance; the other substance acts as an acid in giving of the proton; the other ion is a base.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλκαλική ένωση @el
broader: chemical
related match: Base (chemistry)
source: MGH

road safety
type: Concept
definition: Any measure, technique or design intended to reduce the risk of harm posed by moving vehicles along a constructed land route.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sigurnost u cestovnom prometu @hr
broader: safety measure
related: road traffic
related match: Road traffic safety
source: RHW

road salt
type: Concept
definition: Salt used against the formation of ice on roads; when excess salt washes off the roads, it can poison roadside vegetation or raise salt concentrations in streams and reserves of underground water. It also accelerates the deterioration of concrete and metal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
related: street cleaning
source: WPR

road traffic
type: Concept
definition: Circulation of motor vehicles and people on the road network.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic
narrower: urban traffic
narrower: traffic jam
related: crossing place
related: road
related: corridor
related: road safety
related: road network
source: ZINZAN

road traffic engineering
type: Concept
definition: Discipline which includes the design of highways and pedestrian ways, the study and application of traffic statistics, and the environmental aspects of the transportation of goods and people.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic engineering
related match: Traffic engineering (transportation)
source: CED

road transport
type: Concept
definition: Transportation of goods and persons by vehicles travelling on a road network.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: maantieliikenne @fi
broader: land transportation
source: RRDA

rock
type: Concept
definition: Any aggregate of minerals that makes up part of the earth's crust. It may be unconsolidated, such as sand, clay, or mud, or consolidated, such as granite, limestone, or coal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βράχος @el
alternative label: stijena @hr
alternative label: berg @sv
broader: lithosphere
narrower: clay
narrower: limestone
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/921
narrower: gravel
narrower: marble
related: stone
related: ore
related: rock mechanics
related: natural stone
source: CED

activated sludge
type: Concept
definition: Sludge that has been aerated and subjected to bacterial action; used to speed breakdown of organism matter in raw sewage during secondary waste treatment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sludge treatment
source: LANDY

basic food requirement
type: Concept
definition: The minimum nutriments deemed necessary for a person of a particular age, gender, physiological condition and activity level to sustain life, health and growth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: food requirement
source: PAJ

rock wool
type: Concept
definition: A generic term for felted or matted fibers manufactured by blowing or spinning threads of molten rock, slag, or glass. The material is used for thermal insulation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λιθοβάμβακας @el
alternative label: harri-ile
broader: mineral fibre
related match: Mineral wool
source: BJGEO

rodent
type: Concept
definition: Any of the relatively small placental mammals that constitute the order Rodentia, having constantly growing incisor teeth specialized for gnawing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: marraskari
broader: mammal
source: MGH

basicity
type: Concept
definition: The state of a solution of containing an excess of hydroxyl ions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αλκαλικότητα @el
broader: acidity degree
related match: Base (chemistry)
source: RRDA

root
type: Concept
definition: The absorbing and anchoring organ of a vascular plant; it bears neither leaves nor flowers and is usually subterranean.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ρίζωμα @el
alternative label: erro
broader: plant component
source: MGH

rotary furnace
type: Concept
definition: A heat-treating furnace of circular construction which rotates the workpiece around the axis of the furnace during heat treatment; workpieces are transported through the furnace along a circular path.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: furnace
related: firing
source: MGH

route
type: Concept
definition: Any established or selected course for passage or travel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: reitti @fi
alternative label: väylä @fi
alternative label: trasa @hr
alternative label: prometni pravac @hr
alternative label: ruta @hr
alternative label: smjer @hr
alternative label: pravac @hr
alternative label: smer cesty @sk
alternative label: trať @sk
alternative label: dráha @sk
broader: road
narrower: touristic route
source: RHW

route planning
type: Concept
definition: The activity of designing, organizing or preparing for the construction of boulevards, turnpikes, highways and other roads.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transport planning
narrower: road setting
related: traffic
source: RHW

rubber
type: Concept
definition: A cream to dark brown elastic material obtained by coagulating and drying the latex from certain plants, especially the rubber tree.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kaučuk @hr
broader: industrial product
related: vulcanisation
related match: Natural rubber
source: CED

rubber processing
type: Concept
definition: The systematic series of actions in which a solid substance deriving from rubber trees and plants is toughened and treated chemically to give it the strength, elasticity, resistance and other qualities needed for the manufacture of products such as erasers, elastic bands, water hoses, electrical insulation and tires.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: obrada gume @hr
broader: rubber processing industry
source: RHW

rubber processing industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the manufacture and marketing of natural or synthetic rubber products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: rubber processing
source: RHW

rubber waste
type: Concept
definition: Any refuse or unwanted material made of synthetic or natural rubber, often the byproduct of rubber processing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: otpadna guma @hr
broader: type of waste
source: RHW

basidiomycete
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bazidiomiceti @hr
alternative label: gljive stapčare @hr
broader: fungus
narrower: mushroom
related match: Basidiomycota

runoff
type: Concept
definition: Rate at which water is removed by flowing over the soil surface. This rate is determined by the texture of the soil, slope, climate, and land use cover (e.g. paved surface, grass, forest, bare soil).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrologic balance
narrower: rinsing
narrower: surface runoff
narrower: drainage
narrower: water seepage
source: LANDY

rural area
type: Concept
definition: Area outside the limits of any incorporated or unincorporated city, town, village, or any other designated residential or commercial area such as a subdivision, a business or shopping center, or community development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: non-built-up area
narrower: grazing
narrower: agricultural land
narrower: headland (farm)
narrower: pasture
narrower: field
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9193
related: agriculture
source: LEE

rural environment
type: Concept
definition: Environment pertaining to the countryside.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baserri-ingurune
alternative label: ingurune landatar
alternative label: lantlig omgivning @sv
broader: environment
source: GOOD

rural population
type: Concept
definition: The total number of persons inhabiting an agricultural or pastoral region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landako biztanleria
broader: human population
source: RHW

rural settlement
type: Concept
definition: A collection of dwellings located in a rural area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landako bizitegi
broader: human settlement
narrower: rural habitat
narrower: village
source: CED

agritourism
type: Concept
definition: Holidays organized in a farm: meals are prepared with natural products and guests are entertained with handicraft, sporting and agricultural activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: tourism
source: DIFID

rural water supply
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landa-inguruetako ur-hornikuntza
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9244

batch process
type: Concept
definition: A process that is not in continuous or mass production; operations are carried out with discrete quantities of material or a limited number of items.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: batch tratamendu
broader: industrial process
source: MGH

safety
type: Concept
definition: The state of being secure from harm, injury, danger or risk, often as a result of planned measures or preparations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: mitigation measure
narrower: safety system
narrower: crisis management
narrower: international safety
narrower: damage assessment
narrower: safety measure
narrower: risk assessment
narrower: safety rule
source: RHW

safety analysis
type: Concept
definition: The process of studying the need for or efficacy of actions, procedures or devices intended to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
related: analysis
source: OED
source: RHW

safety measure
type: Concept
definition: An action, procedure or contrivance designed to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: skyddsåtgärder @sv
broader: safety
narrower: prevention measure
narrower: civil safety
narrower: disaster contingency plan
narrower: drought control
narrower: environmental security
narrower: reactor safety
narrower: security of installations
narrower: biosafety
narrower: flood control
narrower: air safety
narrower: nuclear safety
narrower: protective measure
narrower: raw material securing
narrower: road safety
narrower: industrial safety
narrower: emergency relief
narrower: occupational safety
narrower: disaster relief
narrower: emergency plan
source: OED
source: RHW

safety rule
type: Concept
definition: A principle or regulation governing actions, procedures or devices intended to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sigurnosno pravilo @hr
broader: safety
related: technical regulation
related: safety standard
source: OED
source: RHW

safety standard
type: Concept
definition: A norm or measure applicable in legal cases for any action, procedure or contrivance designed to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sigurnosna norma @hr
broader: standard
narrower: safety standard for building
narrower: standard for building industry
related: safety rule
source: BLD
source: RHW

safety standard for building
type: Concept
definition: A collection of rules and regulations adopted by authorities concerning structural and mechanical standards for safety.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety standard
source: HARRIS

safety study
type: Concept
definition: Research, detailed examination and usually a written report on the need for or efficacy of actions, procedures or devices intended to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: risk assessment
source: OED
source: RHW

salamander
type: Concept
definition: Any of various urodele amphibians, such as Salamandra salamandra of central and S Europe. They are typically terrestrial, have an elongated body, and only return to water to breed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lämmityslaitteet @fi
broader: amphibian
source: CED

salination
type: Concept
definition: The accumulation of soluble salts by evaporation of the waters that bore them to the soil zone, in a soil of an arid, poorly drained region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: salinizacija @hr
broader: environmental change
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9229
narrower: soil salination
related match: Soil salinity
source: BJGEO

salmonella
type: Concept
definition: General name for a family of microorganisms, one of the largest groups of bacteria, that includes those most frequently implicated in food poisoning and gastroenteritis. Unhygienic handling and inadequate cooking of poultry and meat, improper storage of cold meats and, more recently, contamination of battery-reared hen eggs, are the most common sources of salmonella infections.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: coliform bacterium
source: WRIGHT

salt content
type: Concept
definition: Amount of salt contained in a solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: concentration (value)
narrower: water salinity
related: soil salinity
related: salt load
source: MGH

salt load
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pollution load
related: salt content

salt marsh
type: Concept
definition: Areas of brackish, shallow water usually found in coastal areas and in deltas. There are also inland marshes in arid areas where the water has a high salt level because of evaporation. They are environmentally delicate areas, extremely vulnerable to pollution by industrial or agricultural chemicals, or to thermal pollution, which often results when river water has been used as the coolant in power stations and industrial plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: marskimaa @fi
broader: marsh
source: WRIGHT

salt meadow
type: Concept
definition: A meadow subject to overflow by salt water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: meadow
source: BJGEO

bathing water
type: Concept
definition: All waters, inland or coastal, except those intended for therapeutic purposes or used in swimming pools, an area either in which bathing is explicitly authorised or in which bathing is not prohibited and is traditionally practised by a large number of bathers. Water in such areas must meet specified quality standards relating to chemical, microbiological and physical parameters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: planning measure
narrower: bathing freshwater
narrower: bathing seawater
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9242
source: GILP96

salt plug
type: Concept
definition: A mass of salt which is injected as a diapir (a dome in which the overlying rocks have been ruptured by the squeezing-out of plastic core material) into overlying sedimentary rocks, thereby piercing and deforming them. The mechanism is similar to that of an intrusive magma, with the salt deforming and behaving plastically under pressure. It is of great economic importance because it assists in the formation of a "trap" structure for oil accumulation, in addition to its associated deposits of anhydrite, gypsum and sulphur.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mineral deposit
source: BJGEO
source: WHIT

salt
type: Concept
definition: The reaction product when a metal displaces the hydrogen of an acid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
related: chloride
source: MGH

salt water
type: Concept
definition: Water of the seas, distinguished by high salinity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: slaná voda @sk
broader: surface water
narrower: tidal water
narrower: coastal water
narrower: sea water
source: MGH

salvage
type: Concept
definition: The act, process, or business of rescuing vessels or their cargoes from loss at sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διάσωση @el
alternative label: pelastettu tavara @fi
alternative label: romu @fi
alternative label: räddning @sv
alternative label: bärgning @sv
broader: public utility
related: rescue system
source: CED

sampling
type: Concept
definition: The obtaining of small representative quantities of material for the purpose of analysis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uzimanje uzoraka @hr
broader: monitoring technique
narrower: sampling technique
source: MGH

sampling technique
type: Concept
definition: Method of selecting items at random from a set in such a manner that the sample will be representative of the whole.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tehnika uzimanja uzoraka @hr
broader: sampling
related match: Sampling (statistics)
source: MGH

sanction
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zehapen
alternative label: hyväksymys @fi
alternative label: kazna @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/95
narrower: closing down
narrower: penalty for environmental damage
narrower: penal sanction
narrower: sequestration
narrower: administrative sanction
related match: Sanctions

sand
type: Concept
definition: A loose material consisting of small mineral particles, or rock and mineral particles, distinguishable by the naked eye; grains vary from almost spherical to angular, with a diameter range from 1/16 to 2 millimeters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondar
broader: raw material
related: sand extraction
related: building material
source: MGH

sand dune fixation
type: Concept
definition: Stabilization of dunes effected by the planting of marram grass (Ammophila arenaria), or rice grass, whose long roots bind the surface layers of sand and so hinder its removal by wind. A larger scale method of dealing with the same problem is by afforestation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: intervention on land
related match: Sand dune stabilization
source: BLYFRE

sand dune
type: Concept
definition: An accumulation of loose sand heaped up by the wind, commonly found along low-lying seashores above high-tide level, more rarely on the border of large lakes or river valleys, as well as in various desert regions, where there is abundant dry surface sand during some part of the year.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondar-duna
alternative label: dina @hr
broader: dune
related match: Dune
source: BJGEO

sand extraction
type: Concept
definition: The extraction of sand by mining for building purposes and for the extraction of heavy minerals such as rutile and zircon.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondar-erauzketa
broader: extraction
related: sand
source: GILP96

sand pit
type: Concept
definition: A place where sand is extracted from the ground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: harea-hobi
alternative label: sandgrop @sv
broader: mining district
related match: Sandpit
source: PHC

sanitary fitting
type: Concept
definition: The set of furnishings designed for personal hygiene and the disposal of organic waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sanitarije @hr
broader: domestic appliance
source: ZINZAN

sanitary landfill
type: Concept
definition: An engineered method of disposing of solid waste on land in a manner that protects the environment, by spreading the waste in thin layers, compacting it to the smallest practical volume and covering it with compacted soil by the end of each working day or at more frequent intervals if necessary.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sanitär uppläggning @sv
broader: landfill
related match: Landfill
source: CORBIT

sanitation
type: Concept
definition: The study and use of practical measures for the preservation of public health.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υγιεινή @el
alternative label: sanacija @hr
alternative label: hygienisering @sv
broader: public health
source: CED

sanitation plan
type: Concept
definition: Plans for the control of the physical factors in the human environment that can harm development, health, or survival.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: plan sanacije @hr
broader: plan
source: LANDY

saprobic index
type: Concept
definition: Indication or measure of the level of organic pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: index
source: ALL

battery
type: Concept
definition: A series of cells, each containing the essentials for producing voltaic electricity, connected together.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συσσωρευτής @el
alternative label: akumulator @hr
broader: electrical storage device
narrower: button-cell battery
narrower: alkaline battery
narrower: cell (energy)
narrower: electric battery
source: CED

saprobe
type: Concept
definition: Referring to the classification of organisms according to the way in which they tolerate pollution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: organism som lever i förorenat vatten @sv
broader: trophic level
related match: Saprotrophic nutrition
source: PHC

satellite
type: Concept
definition: An object that orbits around a larger one. Artificial satellites orbiting the Earth are used for communications, the gathering of military intelligence, the monitoring of weather and other environmental phenomena, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: etäis- @fi
alternative label: kuu @fi
broader: space (interplanetary)
related: observation satellite
related: artificial satellite
source: ALL

saving
type: Concept
definition: The amount of current income which is not spent for survival or enjoyment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εξοικονόμηση @el
alternative label: sparande @sv
alternative label: hushållning @sv
broader: income
source: MGHME

sawdust
type: Concept
definition: Wood fragments made by a saw in cutting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zerrakin
alternative label: zerrazahi
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9358
source: MGH

battery disposal
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste disposal

schistosomiasis
type: Concept
definition: A disease in which humans are parasitized by any of three species of blood flukes: Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, and S. japonicum; adult worms inhabit the blood vessels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9426
source: MGH

school
type: Concept
definition: An institution or building at which children and young people receive education.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ikastetxe
alternative label: kalaparvi @fi
alternative label: flock @sv
alternative label: stim @sv
broader: cultural facility
related: education
source: CED

school teaching
type: Concept
definition: Instruction or training received in any educational institution, but especially to persons under college age.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: level of education
source: RHW

science
type: Concept
definition: The study of the physical universe and its contents by means of reproducible observations, measurements, and experiments to establish, verify, or modify general laws to explain its nature and behaviour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: informatics
narrower: geography
narrower: human science
narrower: chemistry
narrower: environmental science
narrower: exact science
narrower: applied science
narrower: materials science
narrower: natural science
narrower: physical science
narrower: jurisprudence
narrower: medical science
narrower: law (science)
narrower: behavioural science
source: UVAROV

scientific and technical information
type: Concept
definition: Knowledge communicated or received pertaining to the systematic study of the physical world or to the mechanical or industrial arts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: informazio zientifiko eta teknik
broader: information
source: RHW

scientific co-operation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: scientific policy

scientific policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government, business or some other organization, which promotes or determines the direction for the systematic study, research and experimentation of a particular aspect of the physical or material world, which may lead to scholarly contributions in a branch of knowledge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: politika zientifiko
broader: policy
narrower: scientific co-operation
narrower: research policy
source: RHW

scoping procedure
type: Concept
definition: The prescribed step or manner of proceeding in an environmental impact assessment, by which a public discussion is held to discuss the information that needs to be developed, the alternatives that need to be considered and other important environmental issues.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: scoping @hr
broader: environmental impact study
source: ERG

scrap material
type: Concept
definition: Recyclable material from any manufacturing process or discarded consumer products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
narrower: electronic scrap
narrower: scrap vehicle
narrower: scrap tyre
narrower: scrap metal
related: scrap material market
source: APD

scrap material market
type: Concept
definition: The trade or traffic in discarded or leftover materials that can be reused in some way.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: market
related: scrap material
source: ISEP
source: RHW

scrap material price
type: Concept
definition: The amount of money or the monetary rate at which materials discarded from manufacturing operations can be bought or sold.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: price
source: RHW
source: TOE

scrap metal
type: Concept
definition: Any metal material discarded from manufacturing operations and usually suitable for reprocessing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: burdina-hondakin
alternative label: otpadni metal @hr
broader: scrap material
narrower: iron scrap
related: metal waste
related match: Scrap
source: TOE

scrap vehicle
type: Concept
definition: Car which is delivered for breaking up or otherwise discarded.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bilvrak @sv
broader: scrap material
related: vehicle

bay
type: Concept
definition: An open, curving indentation made by the sea or a lake into a coastline.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φάτνωμα @el
alternative label: θάλαμος @el
alternative label: στοά @el
alternative label: αποθήκη @el
alternative label: φρέαρ @el
alternative label: διαμέρισμα @el
alternative label: laakeripuu @fi
alternative label: laakso @fi
alternative label: bukt @sv
broader: gulf
source: WHIT

screening
type: Concept
definition: The reduction of the electric field about a nucleus by the space charge of the surrounding electrons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανίχνευση @el
alternative label: κοσκίνισμα @el
alternative label: διερεύνηση @el
alternative label: σάρωση @el
alternative label: θωράκιση @el
alternative label: siktning @sv
alternative label: kontrollundersökning @sv
alternative label: silning @sv
broader: physical process
source: MGH

sea
type: Concept
definition: 1) In general, the marine section of the globe as opposed to that of the land. 2) The name given to a body of salt water smaller than an ocean and generally in proximity to a continent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrosphere
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9232
narrower: deep sea
narrower: ocean
narrower: open sea
related: protected marine zone
related: sea resource
source: WHIT

sea bed
type: Concept
definition: The bottom of the ocean. Also known as sea floor; sea bottom. The ocean floor is defined as the near-horizontal surface of the ocean basin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βυθός της θάλασσας @el
alternative label: itsas zoru
broader: submarine morphology
related match: Seabed
source: MGH

sea bed exploitation
type: Concept
definition: Marine mineral resources extend far beyond those presently exploited; minerals are derived from two separate types of marine sources: from sedimentary deposits underlying the continental shelves and from inshore deposits on the surface of the continental shelves. By far the most valuable of the mineral resources exploited from marine environments is petroleum. Offshore placer deposits on the surface of the continental shelves yield gold, platinum, and tin. On the floors of the world's oceans manganese nodules are found as a result of pelagic sedimentation or precipitation; they are small, irregular, black to brown, friable, laminated concretionary masses consisting primarily of manganese salts and manganese-oxide minerals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsas zoruaren ustiapen
broader: ocean exploitation
source: BJGEO
source: PARCOR

sea bed mining
type: Concept
definition: The activity or processes involving the extraction of mineral deposits from the surface, or below the surface, of the ocean floor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mining
source: MLM

sea circulation
type: Concept
definition: Large-scale horizontal water motion within an ocean. The way energy from the sun, stored in the sea, is transported around the world. The currents explain, for example, why the UK has ice-free ports in winter, while St. Petersburg, at the same latitude as the Shetland Islands, needs ice breakers. Evidence is growing that the world's ocean circulation was very different during the last ice age and has changed several times in the distant past, with dramatic effects on climate. The oceans are vital as storehouses, as they absorb more than half the sun's heat reaching the earth. This heat, which is primarily absorbed near the equator is carried around the world and released elsewhere, creating currents which last up to 1.000 years. As the Earth rotates and the wind acts upon the surface, currents carry warm tropical water to the cooler parts of the world. The strength and direction of the currents are affected by landmasses, bottlenecks through narrow straits, and even the shape of the sea-bed. When the warm water reaches polar regions its heat evaporates into the atmosphere, reducing its temperature and increasing its density. When sea-water freezes it leaves salt behind in the unfrozen water and this cold water sinks into the ocean and begins to flow back to the tropics. Eventually it is heated and begins the cycle all over again.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrologic cycle
narrower: swell
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

beach
type: Concept
definition: The unconsolidated material that covers a gently sloping zone, typically with a concave profile, extending landward from the low-water line to the place where there is a definite change in material or physiographic from (such as a cliff), or to the line of permanent vegetation (usually the effective limit of the highest storm waves); a shore of body of water, formed and washed by waves or tides, usually covered by sand or gravel, and lacking a bare rocky surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ακτή @el
broader: seashore
narrower: barrier beach
source: BJGEO

sea level
type: Concept
definition: The level of the surface of the ocean; especially, the mean level halfway between high and low tide, used as a standard in reckoning land elevation or sea depths.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vattennivå @sv
alternative label: vattenstånd @sv
broader: hydrologic cycle
narrower: tide
narrower: rising sea level
source: MGH

sea level rise
type: Concept
definition: Sea-level rises are a possible consequence of global warming. As the amount of free water in the oceans increases, and as the water becomes warmer, global warming will increase. In addition, according to theory, the heating at the poles may reduce the amount of water trapped in glaciers and ice caps.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: global warming
related match: Current sea level rise
source: WRIGHT

sealing
type: Concept
definition: Luting, making watertight, waterproofing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στεγανοποίηση @el
alternative label: φραγή @el
alternative label: tiiviisti sulkeminen @fi
alternative label: pečaćenje @hr
alternative label: hermetičko zatvaranje @hr
alternative label: tillslutning @sv
alternative label: tätning @sv
broader: physical process
related: soil surface sealing
related: landfill base sealing
source: ECHO2

seal (technical)
type: Concept
definition: Any device or system that creates a nonleaking union between two mechanical or process-system elements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επικάλυψη @el
alternative label: izolacija (tehnički izraz) @hr
alternative label: försegling @sv
alternative label: tätning @sv
broader: industrial equipment
source: MGH

sea outfall
type: Concept
definition: The point, location or structure where effluent discharges into a body of marine waters such as a sea, ocean, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: marine pollution
related match: Marine outfall
source: WWC

sea resource
type: Concept
definition: Marine resources include food, energy and minerals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural resource
narrower: living marine resource
narrower: fishery resource
related: sea
source: PARCOR

seashore
type: Concept
definition: The zone of unconsolidated material that extends landward from the low water-line to where there is marked change in material or physiographic form or to the line of permanent vegetation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsasbazter
alternative label: itsasalde
alternative label: kostalde
alternative label: strandområde @sv
broader: coast
narrower: beach
source: MGH

season
type: Concept
definition: One of the four equal periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices, resulting from the apparent movement of the sun north and south of the equator during the course of the earth's orbit around it. These periods (spring, summer, autumn and winter) have their characteristic weather conditions in different regions, and occur at opposite times of the year in the N and S hemispheres.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πρόστυμμα @el
alternative label: περίοδος @el
alternative label: urte-sasoi
alternative label: säsong @sv
broader: Earth-Sun relationship
source: CED

seasonal migration
type: Concept
definition: The periodic movement of a population from one region or climate to another in accordance with the yearly cycle of weather and temperature changes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: säsongsmigration @sv
broader: human migration
narrower: nomad
source: RHW

sea water
type: Concept
definition: Aqueous solution of salts in more or less constant ratio, whose composition depends on several factors among which predominate living organisms, detrital sedimentation and the related chemical reactions. Sea-water accounts for more than 98% of the mass of the hydrosphere and covers just over 70% of the globe. Because of the composition and stability of the oceans, and the way they are controlled, they are of great importance to the climate, and great attention has been given to studying the effects of pollution. Man's activities are believed to be accelerating the change in the composition of sea-water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: salt water
related match: Seawater
source: DODERO
source: WRIGHT

sea water desalination
type: Concept
definition: Removing salt from ocean or brackish water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsas uraren gezatze
broader: water desalination
source: LEE

sea water protection
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsas uraren zaintza
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9206

secondary biotope
type: Concept
definition: In the case of disruption of an existing biotope, secondary biotope can be created as a compensation and substitute measure for the loss of the natural one.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biotope
source: RRDA

secondary education
type: Concept
definition: The years of instruction following elementary school and until the end of high school.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: srednjoškolsko obrazovanje @hr
alternative label: studentexamen @sv
broader: level of education
source: COE

secondary sector
type: Concept
definition: The part of a country or region's economy that produces commodities without much direct use of natural resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic sector
related match: Secondary sector of the economy
source: ODE

beaching
type: Concept
definition: The washing ashore of whales or other cetaceans that have died for natural causes, or because of highly polluted sea water or after being trapped in drift nets.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: behaviour pattern
source: WPR

second-hand goods
type: Concept
definition: Goods or products that have been used previously.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: goods
related match: Used good
source: ISEP

economic sector
type: Concept
definition: A part of a country's or region's commercial, industrial and financial activity, delimited either by public, corporate and private organization of expenditures or by agriculture, manufacturing and service product types.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekonomia-sektore
alternative label: ekonomski sektor @hr
alternative label: sektor gospodarstva @hr
broader: economic structure
narrower: tertiary sector
narrower: primary sector
narrower: secondary sector
source: ODE

security of installations
type: Concept
definition: Measures, techniques or designs implemented to protect from harm or restrict access to any apparatus, machinery or construction put in place or connected for use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety measure
related: installation restoration
related: industrial safety
source: MHD
source: RHW

sedimentary basin
type: Concept
definition: A geomorphic feature of the earth in which the surface has subsided for a prolonged time, including deep ocean floors, intercontinental rifts and elevated and interior drainage basins.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arro sedimentario
broader: earth's crust
source: MHD

sedimentation (industrial process)
type: Concept
definition: The separation of an insoluble solid from a liquid in which it is suspended by settling under the influence of gravity or centrifugation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dekanta
alternative label: sedimentazio (prozesu industriala)
alternative label: selkeytys @fi
alternative label: lietteenerotus @fi
alternative label: taloženje (industrijski proces) @hr
broader: physical treatment
source: MGH

sedimentation (geology)
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of forming or accumulating sediment in layers, including such processes as the separation of rock particles from the material from which the sediment is derived, the transportation of these particles to the site of deposition, the actual deposition or settling of the particles, the chemical and other changes occurring in the sediment, and the ultimate consolidation of the sediment into solid rock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιζηματαπόθεση [γεωλογικός όρος] @el
alternative label: sedimentazio (geologia)
alternative label: sedimentation @sv
alternative label: sedimentering @sv
broader: geological process
source: BJGEO

sediment
type: Concept
definition: Any material transported by water which will ultimately settle to the bottom after the water loses its transporting power.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προσχωματικό υλικό @el
alternative label: jalkin
alternative label: sakkautua @fi
alternative label: talog @hr
alternative label: avlagring @sv
broader: lithosphere
narrower: sludge
narrower: mud (sediment)
narrower: silt
narrower: alluvion
narrower: suspended matter
narrower: marine sediment
source: LANDY

sediment transport
type: Concept
definition: The movement and carrying- away of sediment by natural agents; especially the conveyance of a stream load by suspension, saltation, solution or traction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sedimentuen garraio
broader: hydrologic balance
source: BJGEO

seed (biology)
type: Concept
definition: A mature fertilized plant ovule, consisting of an embryo and its food store surrounded by a protective seed coat (testa).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: säd @sv
broader: embryogenesis
source: CED

seed dressing
type: Concept
definition: A chemical applied before planting to protect seeds and seedlings from disease or insects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: betningsmedel för utsäde @sv
broader: agrochemical
related match: Seed treatment
source: EPAGLO

water seepage
type: Concept
definition: The slow movement of water through small openings and spaces in the surface of unsaturated soil into or out of a body of surface or subsurface water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: perkolazio
alternative label: perkolaatio @fi
alternative label: ocjeđivanje vode @hr
alternative label: läckning @sv
alternative label: grundvattenflöde @sv
broader: runoff
source: MGH

seepage water
type: Concept
definition: Water that moves slowly through small openings of a porous material such as soil or the amount of water that has been involved in seepage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: perkolazio-ur
alternative label: vajovesi @fi
broader: surface water
source: BJGEO

seismic activity
type: Concept
definition: The phenomenon of Earth movements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geological process
narrower: earthquake
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/986
related match: Earthquake
source: BJGEO

seismic monitoring
type: Concept
definition: The gathering of seismic data from an area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monitoring
related: natural risks prevention
source: BJGEO

seismic sea wave
type: Concept
definition: A large seismically generated sea wave which is capable of considerable destruction in certain coastal areas, especially where submarine earthquakes occur. Although in the open ocean the wave height may be less than one meter it steepens to hights of 15 metres or more on entering shallow coastal water. The wavelength in the open ocean is of the order of 100 to 150 km and the rate of travel of a seismic sea wave is between 640 and 960 km/h.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τσουνάμι @el
alternative label: itsaski sismiko
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9262
source: WHIT

seizure
type: Concept
definition: The official or legally authorized act of taking away possessions or property, often for a violation of law or to enforce a judgment imposed by a court of law.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ovrha @hr
broader: administrative procedure
narrower: seizure of profits
related match: Epileptic seizure
source: BLD

seizure of profits
type: Concept
definition: The official or legally authorized act of taking away monetary gain or surplus resulting from investments or property or from returns, proceeds or revenue in a business or business transaction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: irabazien bahitura
broader: seizure
source: RHW

selection of technology
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: research
related: technology

selective breeding of animals
type: Concept
definition: Breeding of animals having desirable characters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: breeding technique
related: genetic engineering
source: MGH

selective breeding of plants
type: Concept
definition: Breeding of plants having desirable characters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant breeding
related: genetic engineering
source: MGH

selenium
type: Concept
definition: A highly toxic, nonmetallic element; used in analytical chemistry, metallurgy, and photoelectric cells.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group VI
related: semiconductor
related: semi-metal
source: MGH

self-help programme
type: Concept
definition: A series of steps or a system of services or activities designed to enable an individual to help or improve one's self without depending on the aid of others.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: programme
source: WOR

self-monitoring
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monitoring

self-purification
type: Concept
definition: A natural process of organic degradation that produces nutrients utilized by autotrophic organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: purification
source: LBC

semi-arid land ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings in regions that have between 10 to 20 inches of rainfall and are capable of sustaining some grasses and shrubs but not woodland.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: DOE
source: TOE

semiconductor
type: Concept
definition: A solid crystalline material whose electrical conductivity is intermediate between that of a metal and an insulator and is usually strongly temperature-dependent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: electronic material
related: silicon
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/965
related: selenium
source: MGH

semimanufactured product
type: Concept
definition: Product that has undergone a partial processing and is used as raw material in a successive productive step.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product
source: ZINZAN

bee conservation
type: Concept
definition: The care, preservation and husbandry of hymenopterous insects valued for their ability to pollinate crops and other flora or for their production of honey.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erleen babes
broader: conservation of species
source: RHW
source: TOE

semi-metal
type: Concept
definition: An element having some properties characteristic of metals and others of non-metals. Many metalloids give rise to an amphoteric oxide (e.g. arsenic or antimony) and many are semiconductors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metal
related: silicon
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/965
related: selenium
related match: Semimetal
source: UVAROV

sensitive area
type: Concept
definition: Areas of a country where special measures may be given to protect the natural habitats which present a high level of vulnerability.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hazard area
narrower: sensitive natural area
narrower: ecologically sensitive area
source: BRACK

sensitivity analysis
type: Concept
definition: A formalized procedure to identify the impact of changes in various model components on model output. Sensitivity analysis is an integral part of simulation experimentation and may influence model formulations. It is commonly used to examine model behaviour. The general procedure is to define a model output variable that represents an important aspect of model behaviour. The values of various inputs of the model are then varied and the resultant change in the output variable is monitored. Large changes in the output variable imply that the particular input varied is important in controlling model behaviour. Within this general definition, sensitivity analysis has been applied to a variety of model inputs including state variables, environmental variables and initial conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
broader: systems theory
source: YOUNG

separated collection
type: Concept
definition: The collection of individual components of solid waste from any source, usually separated into different collection containers, in order to recover, reuse or recycle the material or to facilitate its collection and disposal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste collection
narrower: separation at source
source: GSW

beef cattle
type: Concept
definition: Cattle bred for the production of meat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: haragitarako abelgorri
alternative label: nötkreatur @sv
broader: cattle
source: RRDA

separation at source
type: Concept
definition: Segregating various wastes at the point of generation (e.g. separation of paper, metal and glass from other wastes) to make recycling simpler and more efficient.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: separated collection
source: EPAGLO

separator
type: Concept
definition: A machine for separating materials of different specific gravity by means of water or air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eristin @fi
broader: equipment
narrower: separator of light liquids
narrower: particle separator
related: separation
source: MGH

septic tank
type: Concept
definition: A tank, usually underground, into which sewage flows, the deposited matter being wholly, or partially broken down through anaerobic action. The final effluent may be allowed to soak into the ground through a system of agricultural drains, if the soil is suitable. Alternatively, the tank must be emptied at regular intervals by a special road-tanker.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: septiktank @sv
broader: purification facility
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: GILP96

sequestration
type: Concept
definition: 1) A legal term referring generally to the act of valuable property being taken into custody by an agent of the court and locked away for safekeeping, usually to prevent the property from being disposed of or abused before a dispute over its ownership can be resolved. 2) The taking of someone's property, voluntarily (by deposit) or involuntarily (by seizure), by court officers or into the possession of a third party, awaiting the outcome of a trial in which ownership of that property is at issue.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δήμευση @el
alternative label: μεσεγγύηση @el
alternative label: κατάσχεση @el
alternative label: sekvestracija @hr
alternative label: privremeno oduzimanje prava raspolaganja imovinom @hr
alternative label: pljenidba @hr
alternative label: konfiskation @sv
broader: sanction
source: DUC
source: EMBMO

snake
type: Concept
definition: Any reptile of the suborder Ophidia, typically having a scaly cylindrical limbless body, fused eyelids, and a jaw modified for swallowing large prey: includes venomous forms such as cobras and rattlesnakes, large nonvenomous constrictors, and small harmless types such as the grass snake.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reptile
narrower: colubrid
source: CED

service area
type: Concept
definition: The area served by a particular public facility such as school, library, police station, park, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: javne površine @hr
alternative label: javne ustanove @hr
alternative label: rastplats @sv
broader: land setup
related match: Rest area
source: LANDY

bee
type: Concept
definition: Any of the membranous-winged insects which compose the superfamily Apoidea in the order Hymenoptera characterized by a hairy body and by sucking and chewing mouthparts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hymenopteran
related: apiculture
source: MGH

services
type: Concept
definition: The carrying out of work for which there is a constant public demand by the provision of labor and the utilization of tools.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: inspection service
narrower: painting business
narrower: lodging
narrower: cleansing
narrower: undertaking business
narrower: health service
narrower: environmental friendly procurement
narrower: public utility
narrower: bush clearing
narrower: laundering
narrower: services providing company
narrower: public works
narrower: public service
narrower: pilotage
narrower: water weed cutting
narrower: repair business
narrower: insurance
narrower: forwarding agent
narrower: public procurement
related: social service
related match: Service
source: OED

settlement concentration
type: Concept
definition: The distribution or total amount of communities, villages and houses within a specified geographic area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social behaviour
narrower: social facility
narrower: territorial community
narrower: housing density
narrower: urbanisation
narrower: citizen
narrower: inhabitant
narrower: urban community
related: conurbation
source: RHW

urban sprawl
type: Concept
definition: The physical pattern of low-density expansion of large urban areas under market conditions into the surrounding agricultural areas. Sprawl lies in advance of the principal lines of urban growth and implies little planning control of land subdivision. Development is patchy, scattered and strung out, with a tendency to discontinuity because it leap-frogs over some areas, leaving agricultural enclaves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrolik gabeko hiri-hedatze
broader: urban development
source: GOOD

settling tank
type: Concept
definition: A tank into which a two-phase mixture is fed and the entrained solids settle by gravity during storage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jalkitze-tanga
broader: pollution abatement equipment
narrower: tailings pond
related match: Settling
source: MGH

sewage
type: Concept
definition: Any liquid-born waste that contains animal or plant matter in suspension or solution, soils and storm water, or chemicals in solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ur zikinak
alternative label: kanalizacija @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
source: APD

sewage disposal
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εκροή ακάθαρτων υδάτων @el
alternative label: διάθεση λυμάτων @el
alternative label: ur zikinen ezabaketa
alternative label: bortledning av avloppsvatten @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9130
related: sewage spreading prohibition
related match: Sewage treatment

sewage farm
type: Concept
definition: Area of land on which sewage or any other type of waste water is distributed in order to purify it; it is a kind of waste water treatment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χώρος μετατροπής ακαθαρσιών @el
alternative label: hondakin-urezko tratamendu
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9144
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9130
related match: Sewage treatment
source: ECHO2
source: RRDA

sewage sludge
type: Concept
definition: A semi-liquid waste with a solid concentration in excess of 2500 parts per million, obtained from the purification of municipal sewage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondar-lohi
alternative label: hondakin-uren lohi
broader: type of waste
narrower: dehydrated sludge
narrower: residual waste sludge
narrower: digested sludge
narrower: industrial sludge
narrower: clearing sludge
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9140
related: sludge
related match: Sludge
source: MGH

sewage treatment system
type: Concept
definition: Sewage treatment comes in two stages - primary and secondary treatment. The primary stage involves a process of screening solids from sewage, leaving a sludge and relatively clear water for further treatment or for disposal into rivers, the sea or on to the land. In the secondary stage the sludge is stirred constantly in vast tanks to get more oxygen into the mixture, allowing bacteria to break down the organic matter and leave a harmless residue that falls as a sediment to the bottom of the tank. After processing, the clear water on top of the tank is discharged into rivers and the sediment is used as landfill or discharged at sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: purification facility
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: WRIGHT

beetle
type: Concept
definition: Any insect of the order Coleoptera, having biting mouthparts and forewings modified to form shell-like protective elytra.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect
source: CED

sewerage system
type: Concept
definition: System of pipes, usually underground, for carrying waste water and human waste away from houses and other buildings, to a place where they can be safely get rid of.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποχετευτικό δίκτυο @el
alternative label: kanalizacijski sustav @hr
alternative label: verejná kanalizácia @sk
alternative label: kloaksystem @sv
broader: infrastructure
narrower: rain water sewer system
narrower: separate sewer system
narrower: combined sewer system
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9130
source: CAMB

shellfish
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: marisko
broader: aquatic animal

behaviour
type: Concept
definition: Any observable action or response of an organism, group or species to environmental factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jokabide
alternative label: uppförande @sv
broader: autoecology
narrower: behaviour pattern
narrower: animal behaviour
related: social behaviour
related match: Behavior
source: LBC

shielding device
type: Concept
definition: Barriers devised for keeping away from people harmful substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: skärm @sv
alternative label: sköld @sv
broader: industrial equipment
source: KOREN

shifting cultivation
type: Concept
definition: Agricultural practice using the rotation of fields rather than crops, short cropping periods followed by long fallows and the maintenance of fertility by the regeneration of vegetation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural method
source: PHC

ship
type: Concept
definition: A vessel propelled by engines or sails for navigating on the water, especially a large vessel that can not be carried aboard another, as distinguished from a boat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fartyg @sv
broader: vehicle
narrower: submarine
narrower: fishing vessel
narrower: tanker (ship)
narrower: oil recovery vessel
narrower: twin-hull craft
related: ship garbage
source: CED

shipbuilding
type: Concept
definition: The art or business of designing and constructing ships.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nybyggnad av fartyg @sv
broader: vehicle manufacturing industry
source: AMHER

shipping accident
type: Concept
definition: An unexpected incident, failure or loss involving a vessel or its contents in the course of commercial transport that poses potential harm to persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic accident
source: RHW

behaviour of substances
type: Concept
definition: Reactivity of a compound depending on the structure of the molecules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: substantzien portaera
broader: physicochemical process
narrower: interaction of pesticides
narrower: metabolism of pesticides
related: persistence
related: degradability
source: RRDA

ship garbage
type: Concept
definition: Domestic and operational wastes, disposed of continuously or periodically, that are generated during the normal operation of a ship; usually excluding fresh fish waste from fishing operations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: otpad s brodova @hr
broader: type of waste
related: ship
related: ship waste disposal
source: NGT

ship waste disposal
type: Concept
definition: Discharging of ship waste into the sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsasontziko hondakinak itsasora isurtze
broader: dumping
related: ship garbage

shooting range
type: Concept
definition: Area designed for target shooting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: leisure centre
source: CED

shop
type: Concept
definition: A place, especially a small building, for the retail sale of goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συνεργείο (εργοστασίου) @el
alternative label: saltoki
alternative label: prodavaonica @hr
alternative label: butik @sv
broader: community facility
narrower: shopping centre
narrower: paint shop
source: CED

behaviour pattern
type: Concept
definition: A relatively uniform series of overt activities that can be observed with some regularity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jokaera-eredu
broader: behaviour
narrower: resting form
narrower: overwintering
narrower: beaching
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9322
narrower: animal migration
narrower: survival
source: DUNSTE

shopping centre
type: Concept
definition: Enclosed area in which there is a variety of shops.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: saltoki-gune
broader: shop
related match: Shopping mall
source: CAMB

show
type: Concept
definition: A performance, program or exhibition providing entertainment to a group of people, displayed either through some communication media, such as radio or television, or live at a museum or theater.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παράσταση @el
alternative label: έκθεση @el
alternative label: προβολή @el
alternative label: επίδειξη @el
alternative label: messut, esitys @fi
alternative label: priredba @hr
alternative label: izložba @hr
alternative label: visning @sv
alternative label: föreställning @sv
broader: culture (society)
narrower: exhibit
source: RHW

beneficial organism
type: Concept
definition: Any pollinating insect, or any pest predator, parasite, pathogen or other biological control agent which functions naturally or as part of an integrated pest management program to control another pest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: organismo mesedegarri
broader: organism
related: biological pest control
source: LEE

shredder
type: Concept
definition: A size-reduction machine which tears or grinds materials to a smaller and more uniform particle size. Shredding process is also called size reduction, grinding, milling, comminution, pulverisation, hogging, granulating, breaking, chipping, crushing, cutting, rasping.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θρίπτης @el
alternative label: μηχανή κοκκοποίησης @el
alternative label: drobilica @hr
alternative label: sjeckalica @hr
alternative label: dokumentförstörare @sv
broader: industrial equipment
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
related match: Shredding
source: LEE

refuse shredder
type: Concept
definition: A machine used to break up refuse material into smaller pieces by tearing and/or impact.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
source: PORT

shrub
type: Concept
definition: A woody perennial plant, smaller than a tree, with several major branches arising from near the base of the main stem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θάμνος @el
alternative label: zuhamuxka
alternative label: grmlje @hr
broader: brushwood
source: CED

shunting yard
type: Concept
definition: Area where a car or a train can be shoven or turned off or moved from one track to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rangerbangård @sv
broader: traffic infrastructure
related: railway station
source: MGH

sick building syndrome
type: Concept
definition: A set of symptoms, including headaches, fatigue, eye irritation, and dizziness, typically affecting workers in modern airtight office buildings and thought to be caused by indoor pollutants, such as formaldehyde fumes, particulate matter, microorganisms, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sindrom bolesnih zgrada @hr
broader: human disease
related: indoor environment
source: MED

side effect
type: Concept
definition: Any secondary effect, especially an undesirable one.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biverkan @sv
alternative label: sidoeffekt @sv
broader: effect
related: side effects of pharmaceutical drugs
related: drug (medicine)
related match: Adverse effect
source: CED

side effects of pharmaceutical drugs
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: medikamentuen albo-ondorio
alternative label: botiken albo-ondorio
broader: effect on health
related: side effect

sieving
type: Concept
definition: The size distribution of solid particles on a series of standard sieves of decreasing size, expressed as a weight percent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κοσκίνισμα @el
alternative label: galbahetze
alternative label: suodattaminen @fi
alternative label: prosijavanje @hr
broader: physical process
broader: industrial process
related: granulometry
related: separation
related match: Sieve
source: MGH

silencer
type: Concept
definition: Any device designed to reduce noise, especially the device in the exhaust system of a motor vehicle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pollution abatement equipment
related: noise reduction
related: motor vehicle
source: CED

silicon
type: Concept
definition: A brittle metalloid element that exists in two allotropic forms; occurs principally in sand, quartz, granite, feldspar, and clay. It is usually a grey crystalline solid but is also found as a brown amorphous powder. It is used in transistors, rectifiers, solar cells, and alloys. Its compounds are widely used in glass manufacture, the building industry, and in the form of silicones.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: silicium @sv
broader: element of group IV
related: semiconductor
related: semi-metal
source: CED

silo
type: Concept
definition: A large round tower on a farm for storing grain or winter food for cattle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σιλό @el
alternative label: viljavarasto @fi
alternative label: kuitutasku @fi
broader: agricultural building
source: CAMB

silt
type: Concept
definition: The fine mineral material formed from the erosion of rock fragments and deposited by rivers and lakes. Its particles are the intermediate form between sand and clay. The particles can range in size from 0.01-0.05 mm in diameter.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βόρβορος @el
alternative label: λάσπη @el
alternative label: liejuuntua, madaltua @fi
broader: sediment
source: WRIGHT

silver
type: Concept
definition: A very ductile malleable brilliant greyish-white element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal. It occurs free and in argentite and other ores: used in jewellery, tableware, coinage, electrical contacts, and in electroplating. Its compounds are used in photography.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
source: CED

active participation
type: Concept
definition: The involvement, either by an individual or a group of individuals, in their own governance or other activities, with the purpose of exerting influence.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social behaviour
narrower: public participation
narrower: community participation
narrower: citizen initiative
source: RHW

simulation
type: Concept
definition: A representation of a problem, situation in mathematical terms, especially using a computer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: experiment
narrower: climatic experiment
narrower: theory of the environment
narrower: mathematical method
narrower: modelling
source: CED

sintering
type: Concept
definition: Forming a coherent bonded mass by heating metal powders without melting, used mostly in powder metallurgy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πυροσυσσωμάτωση @el
broader: industrial process
related: thermal treatment
source: MGH

site selection
type: Concept
definition: The process of choosing or picking a location or area for some designated purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: toki-hautaketa
alternative label: val av ställe @sv
broader: planning measure
narrower: location of industries
source: RHW

sizing
type: Concept
definition: To fix the cross-section of structural components on the basis of statics and material strength.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κολλάρισμα @el
alternative label: viimeistelyaine @fi
alternative label: liimapohjustus @fi
alternative label: storlekssortering @sv
broader: laboratory technique
source: RRDA

skiing
type: Concept
definition: Gliding over snow on skis, especially as a sport.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: leisure activity
related: ski run
source: CED

skin
type: Concept
definition: The tissue forming the outer covering of the vertebrate body: it consists of two layers, the outermost of which may be covered with hair, scales, feathers, etc. It is mainly protective and sensory in function.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δέρμα @el
alternative label: επιδερμίδα @el
alternative label: azal
broader: organ
source: CED

skyline destruction
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ikuspegiaren hondamen
broader: landscape alteration

benthic division
type: Concept
definition: The bottom of a body of water often occupied by benthos.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bentisk zon @sv
broader: submarine morphology
related match: Benthic zone
source: GILP96

slag
type: Concept
definition: A nonmetallic product resulting from the interaction of flux and impurities in the smelting and refining of metals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kaivosjäte @fi
broader: air pollutant
related: combustion residue
source: MGH

slaughterhouse
type: Concept
definition: A place where animals are butchered for food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: slakthus @sv
broader: industrial site
related: slaughtering of animals
source: CED

slaughterhouse waste
type: Concept
definition: Animal body parts cut off in the preparation of carcasses for use as food. This waste can come from several sources including slaughterhouses, restaurants, stores and farms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal waste
source: OED

slaughtering of animals
type: Concept
definition: Killing of animals for food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agriculture and cattle industry
related: livestock breeding
related: slaughterhouse
related: animal for slaughter
source: PHC

sleep
type: Concept
definition: A periodic state of physiological rest during which consciousness is suspended and metabolic rate is decreased.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological process
related: sleep disturbance
source: CED

benthic ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of the biological communities located at the bottom of bodies of freshwater and saltwater and their non-living environmental surroundings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: marine ecosystem
source: DOE
source: TOE

sleep disturbance
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poremećaj sna @hr
broader: human disease
related: sleep
related match: Sleep disorder

excavation side
type: Concept
definition: Sloping surface of an excavation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: indusketa-alde
broader: built structure
source: RRDA

sludge
type: Concept
definition: 1) A soft, soupy, or muddy bottom deposit, such as found on tideland or in a stream bed. 2) A semifluid, slushy, murky mass of sediment resulting from treatment of water, sewage, or industrial and mining wastes, and often appearing as local bottom deposits in polluted bodies of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ιλύς @el
alternative label: jäteöljy @fi
alternative label: uppslamning @sv
alternative label: jäsningsrest @sv
broader: sediment
related: sewage sludge
source: BJGEO

sludge digestion
type: Concept
definition: A treatment to stabilize raw sludge. The treatment can be either anaerobic process or aerobic process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sludge treatment
source: LEE

sludge incineration
type: Concept
definition: A method used for drying and reducing sludge volume and weight. Since incineration requires auxiliary fuel to obtain and maintain high temperature and to evaporate the water contained in the incoming sludge, concentration techniques should be applied before incineration. Sludge incineration is a two-step process involving drying and combustion after a preceding dewatering process, such as filters, drying beds, or centrifuges.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: incineration of waste
source: CORBIT

sludge settling pond
type: Concept
definition: Pond for the removal of settleable solids through which wastewater is passed in a treatment works.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: purification facility
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: LANDY

sludge treatment
type: Concept
definition: The processing of wastewater sludges to render them innocuous. This may be done by aerobic or anaerobic digestion followed by drying in sand beds, filtering, and incineration, filtering, and drying, or wet air oxidation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
narrower: thickening
narrower: activated sludge
narrower: sludge stabilisation
narrower: sludge digestion
related match: Sewage sludge treatment

sluice
type: Concept
definition: Vertical sliding gate or valve to regulate the flow of water in a channel or lock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ataska
alternative label: uhate
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9254
narrower: sluice-gate
source: MGH

small and medium sized industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial structure

benthos
type: Concept
definition: Those organisms attached to, living on, in or near the sea bed, river bed or lake floor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bottenfauna @sv
broader: aquatic organism
source: LBC

Small Islands (political geography)
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Irla txikiak (geografia politikoa)
broader: international organisation

small-scale furnace
type: Concept
definition: Small enclosed structures containing a heat source, typically used for the purpose of intense heating. Most are lined with refractory material, the heat source is typically provided by electrical elements or the burning of gas, coke or coal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: furnace
related: firing
source: GRAHAW

small-scale inducer
type: Concept
definition: A domestic source introducing small quantities of pollutants into a publicly owned waste-treatment system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9130
source: EPAGLO

smog
type: Concept
definition: Air pollution consisting of smoke and fog. The air pollution caused by the action of sunlight on unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, mostly from car exhaust. It occurs over large industrial areas and urban complexes, and causes eye irritations, breathing problems and damage to plant life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air pollutant
narrower: photochemical smog
source: MGH
source: WRIGHT

benzene
type: Concept
notation: C6H6
definition: A colorless, liquid, flammable, aromatic hydrocarbon used to manufacture styrene and phenol. Also known as benzol.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βενζένιο @el
broader: aromatic hydrocarbon
source: MGH

smog warning
type: Concept
definition: Action, device or announcement that serves to give caution or notice to the level of air pollutants typically associated with oxidants in a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: δελτίο αιθαλομίχλης @el
alternative label: smog-gaztigu
alternative label: smogvarning @sv
broader: warning system
related: atmospheric pollution
source: RHW
source: TOE

smoke
type: Concept
definition: An aerosol, consisting of visible particles and gases, produced by the incomplete burning of carbon-based materials, such as wood and fossil fuels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air pollutant
narrower: tobacco smoke
source: FFD

smoke prevention
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: health protection
related: tobacco smoke

smoking
type: Concept
definition: The inhalation and exhalation of carcinogenic fumes from burning plant material, usually tobacco.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καπνισμός @el
broader: disease cause
source: HHR
source: MED

colubrid
type: Concept
definition: Any snakes of the family of Colubridae, including many harmless snakes, such as the grass snake and whip belonging to the Colubridae.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: smukovi (Colubridae) @hr
broader: snake
source: CED

snow
type: Concept
definition: The most common form of frozen precipitation, usually flakes or starlike crystals, matted ice needles, or combinations, and often rime-coated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric precipitation
source: MGH

benzopyrene
type: Concept
definition: A five-ring aromatic hydrocarbon found in coal tar, in cigarette smoke, and as a product of incomplete combustion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
source: MGH

snowslide
type: Concept
definition: An avalanche of relatively pure snow; some rock and earth material may also be carried downward.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: elurrauso
broader: avalanche
related match: Avalanche
source: MGH

soaking
type: Concept
definition: Absorption of liquid by a solid or a semisolid material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαβροχή @el
alternative label: εμποτισμός @el
alternative label: trenpatze
alternative label: upijanje @hr
alternative label: blötläggning @sv
alternative label: doppning @sv
broader: physical process
related: soil moisture
source: MGH

soap
type: Concept
definition: A cleansing agent, manufactured in bars, granules, flakes, or liquid form, made from a mixture of the sodium salts of various fatty acids of natural oils and fats.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cleansing product
source: AMHER

social behaviour
type: Concept
definition: A person or community's general treatment, manner of conduct or action toward others as individuals or as members of variously identified groups.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: socijalno ponašanje @hr
broader: society
narrower: active participation
narrower: social condition
narrower: social development
narrower: social relief
narrower: social movement
narrower: ideology
narrower: social cost
narrower: industrial society
narrower: social security
narrower: religion
narrower: group behaviour
narrower: social dynamics
narrower: settlement concentration
narrower: social indicator
related: recreation
related: behaviour
related match: Social behavior
source: ISEP
source: RHW

social condition
type: Concept
definition: An existing circumstance, situation or state affecting the life, welfare and relations of human beings in community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kondizio sozial
broader: social behaviour
narrower: ecological inequality
narrower: living condition
narrower: living environment
narrower: lifestyle
narrower: quality of life
narrower: social welfare
narrower: living standard
source: RHW

social cost
type: Concept
definition: The price paid or the loss incurred to acquire, produce or maintain an objective or goal in a group, community or society.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kostu sozial
broader: social behaviour
source: ISEP
source: RHW

internalisation of external costs
type: Concept
definition: The process of getting those who produce goods or services with adverse effects on the environment or on society to incorporate a knowledge of possible negative repercussions into future economic decisions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/961
source: ODE

social development
type: Concept
definition: The state of nations and the hystorical processes of change experienced by them. The concept of development subsumes associated cultural and political changes as well as welfare measures which reflect distribution of goods, wealth and opportunities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garapen sozial
alternative label: socijalni razvoj @hr
broader: social behaviour
narrower: local development
related match: Social change
source: GOOD

social differentiation
type: Concept
definition: A concept associated with evolutionary theories of history and with structural functionalism. Societies are seen as moving from the simple to the complex via a process of social change based on structural differentiation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bereizketa sozial
broader: society
narrower: new community
narrower: social group
narrower: social inequality
related match: Role theory

social dynamics
type: Concept
definition: The pattern, change, development and driving forces of a human group, community or society.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dinamika sozial
alternative label: društvena dinamika @hr
alternative label: dinamika društva @hr
broader: social behaviour
narrower: citizen awareness
narrower: moral persuasion
narrower: opinion
narrower: public action
narrower: social problem
source: RHW

social facility
type: Concept
definition: Any structure designed, built or installed to provide space for living or interaction among persons in a community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: settlement concentration
narrower: low-cost housing
source: RHW

social group
type: Concept
definition: A collection of people who interact with one another and share a certain feeling of unity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: talde sozial
alternative label: socijalna skupina @hr
broader: social differentiation
narrower: socio-cultural group
narrower: family
narrower: displaced person
narrower: marital status
narrower: refugee
narrower: minority
narrower: association
narrower: target group
narrower: pressure group
narrower: consumer group
related: group behaviour
source: SOC

social indicator
type: Concept
definition: Easily identified features of a society which can be measured, which vary over time, and are taken as revealing some underlying aspect of social reality. In general, the most commonly used indicators are derived from official statistics, and include unemployment figures, health and mortality data, and crime rates.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: adierazle sozial
alternative label: socijalni indikator @hr
alternative label: socijalni pokazatelj @hr
broader: social behaviour
narrower: socioeconomic factor
narrower: social value
related match: Genuine progress indicator
source: SOCIOL

intervention on land
type: Concept
definition: Stepping in or participating in problem solving efforts for troublesome or perplexing situations involving ground areas or the earth's surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurrean esku sartze
broader: environmental problem solving
narrower: environmental sanitation
narrower: land forming
narrower: maintenance of environment
narrower: mining site restoration
narrower: recovery of landscape
narrower: dam draining
narrower: land consolidation
narrower: land reclamation
narrower: land restoration
narrower: pollution control measure
narrower: oil residue recuperation
narrower: renaturation
narrower: rehabilitation
narrower: cleaning up
narrower: decontamination
narrower: sand dune fixation
related: land clearing
source: RHW

social medicine
type: Concept
definition: Medicine as applied to treatment of diseases which occur in certain social groups.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: medikuntza sozial
broader: medicine (practice)
related: public health
source: PHC

social-minded behaviour
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: group behaviour
narrower: technology acceptance
narrower: consumer behaviour

social movement
type: Concept
definition: A organized effort by a significant number of people to change (or resist change in) some major aspect or aspects of society.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mugimendu sozial
broader: social behaviour
narrower: ecologist movement

social participation
type: Concept
definition: Collective, civic action shared and performed by a significant number of the community or general population.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sudjelovanje društva @hr
broader: participation
source: RHW

social policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government, business or some other organization, which seeks to ensure that all people have acceptable working or living conditions by providing social security, welfare, health care, insurance, fair employment practices, low cost housing or educational opportunities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: politika sozial
broader: policy
source: MGHME

beryllium
type: Concept
definition: A corrosion-resistant, toxic silvery-white metallic element that occurs chiefly in beryl and is used mainly in x-ray windows and in the manufacture of alloys.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group II (alkaline earth metals)
source: CED

social problem
type: Concept
definition: A generic term applied to the range of conditions and aberrant behaviours which are considered to be manifestations of social disorganization and to warrant changing via some means of social engineering. Typically, these problems include many forms of deviant behaviour (such as crime, juvenile delinquency, prostitution, mental illness, drug addiction, suicide) and of social conflict (ethnic tension, domestic violence, industrial strife, and so forth).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arazo sozial
alternative label: socijalni problem @hr
broader: social dynamics
narrower: delinquency
related match: Social issues

social process
type: Concept
definition: A continuous action, operation, or series of changes taking place in a definite manner and pertaining to the life, welfare, and relations of human beings in a community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prozesu sozial
broader: society
narrower: consumption pattern
narrower: development pattern
narrower: rights
narrower: emancipation
source: RHW

social relief
type: Concept
definition: Public assistance especially financial given to persons in special need or difficulty.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laguntza sozial
alternative label: socijalna potpora @hr
broader: social behaviour

social security
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: social trygghet @sv
broader: social behaviour
narrower: protection from neighbours

social service
type: Concept
definition: Welfare activities organized by the state or a local authority and carried out by trained personnel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κοινωνική εργασία @el
alternative label: zerbitzu sozial
broader: society
narrower: voluntary work
related: services
related match: Social work
source: CED

social structure
type: Concept
definition: A term loosely applied to any recurring pattern of social behaviour; or, more specifically, to the ordered interrelationships between the different elements or a social system or society.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: društvena struktura @hr
broader: society
narrower: social representation
narrower: social framework

social survey
type: Concept
definition: Data collections that employ both interviewing and sampling to produce quantitative data-sets, amenable to computer-based analysis.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: inkesta sozial
alternative label: socijalna analiza @hr
broader: survey
related: sociology
related match: Social research
source: SOCIOL

social system
type: Concept
definition: The concept of system appears throughout the social and natural sciences and has generated a body of literature of its own (general systems theory). A system is any pattern of relationships between elements, and is regarded as having emergent properties on its own over and above the properties of its elements.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sistema sozial
alternative label: socijalni sustav @hr
broader: society
related match: Social structure

beta radiation
type: Concept
definition: Name given to the ionizing radiation which is produced as a stream of high speed electrons emitted by certain types of radioactive substance when they decay. The intensity of radiation energy produced in human tissue by a beta particle is a hundred times less than that produced by an alpha radiation particle, but it travels slightly deeper into tissue.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ακτινοβολία β @el
alternative label: beta izpiak
broader: ionising radiation
related match: Beta particle
source: WRIGHT

social value
type: Concept
definition: Regarding social values, distinctions are often drawn between values, which are strong, semi permanent, underlying, and sometimes inexplicit dispositions, and attitudes, which are shallow, weakly held, and highly variable views and opinions. Societies can usually tolerate highly diverse attitude, whereas they require some degree of homogeneity and consistency in the values held by people, providing a common fund of shared values which shape social and political consensus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: balore sozial
alternative label: društvena vrijednost @hr
alternative label: socijalna vrednota @hr
alternative label: socijalna vrijednost @hr
broader: social indicator
related match: Value system
source: SOCIOL

social welfare
type: Concept
definition: The prosperity, well-being or convenience of a community. It embraces the primary social interests of safety, order, morals, economic interest, and non material and political interests.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ongizate sozial
broader: social condition
related match: Welfare
source: WESTS

society
type: Concept
definition: Human group of people, more or less large and complex, associated for some common interest and characterized by distinctive hierarchical relationships.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: social process
narrower: social structure
narrower: sociopolitical aspect
narrower: socioeconomic aspect of human settlements
narrower: social service
narrower: social differentiation
narrower: social protection
narrower: social system
narrower: social behaviour
related: culture (society)
source: ZINZAN

socioeconomic aspect of human settlements
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: society
narrower: housing
narrower: living space

socioeconomic factor
type: Concept
definition: An essential element in a society's make-up, organization or behavior that combines financial dimensions with inter-personal or inter-group dynamics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social indicator
source: ISEP
source: RHW

socioeconomic impact of biotechnologies
type: Concept
definition: Biotechnology is the application of biological and technical solutions to problems, and often refers to the industrial use of microorganisms (perhaps genetically altered) to perform chemical processing, for example of waste or water, or to manufacture hormones or enzymes for medicinal and commercial purposes. Biotechnology offers great potential to increase farm production and food processing efficiency, to lower food costs, to enhance food quality and safety and to increase international competitiveness.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental impact
related: biotechnology
source: WPR

beverage industry
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: food industry
narrower: distilling industry
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/997

sociological survey
type: Concept
definition: Research on social questions or problems, especially focusing on cultural and environmental factors.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: soziologia-inkesta
broader: survey
related: sociology
source: WEBSTE

sociology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the development, organization, functioning and classification of human societies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social science
related: sociological survey
related: social survey
related: social analysis
source: CED

sociopolitical aspect
type: Concept
definition: Any part, feature or quality of society that combines governmental dimensions with inter-personal or inter-group dynamics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: society
narrower: North-South relationship
narrower: status of development
narrower: theory of the welfare state
narrower: political ideology
source: RHW

softening
type: Concept
definition: Reduction of the hardness of water by removing hardness-forming ions (chiefly calcium and magnesium) by precipitation or ion exchange, or sequestering them as by combining them with substances such as certain phosphates, that form soluble but non-ionized salts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uppmjukning @sv
alternative label: avhärdning @sv
broader: chemical process
related: ion exchange
source: BJGEO

beverage
type: Concept
definition: Any one of various liquids for drinking, usually excluding water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: foodstuff
related: mineral water
related match: Drink
source: AMHER

softening agent
type: Concept
definition: 1) A substance added to another substance to increase its softness, pliability, or plasticity. 2) A substance, such as a zeolite, for softening water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: agente biguntzaile
alternative label: sredstvo za omekšavanje @hr
broader: chemical product
source: CED

software
type: Concept
definition: Software is the general term used to describe all of the various programs that may be used on a computer system. Software can be divided into four main categories: systems software, development software, user interface software, applications software.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: programska oprema @hr
broader: informatics
related: software development
related match: Computer software
source: POPTEL

soil
type: Concept
definition: The top layer of the land surface of the earth that is composed of disintegrated rock particles, humus, water and air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χώμα @el
alternative label: jordmån @sv
alternative label: mark @sv
broader: pedosphere
narrower: soil capability
narrower: soil function
narrower: soil type
narrower: soil air
narrower: soil structure
narrower: soil texture
narrower: soil salinity
narrower: soil water
narrower: soil profile
related: land
related: soil resource
related: soil analysis
source: CED

soil acidification
type: Concept
definition: A naturally occurring process in humid climates that has long been the subject of research, whose findings suggest acid precipitation effects. The generally accepted impact of soil acidification on the productivity of terrestrial plants is summarised as follows: as soil becomes more acidic the basic cations (Ca, Mg) on the soil exchange are replaced by hydrogen ions or solubilized metals. The basic cation, now in solution, can be leached through the soil. As time progresses the soil becomes less fertile and more acidic. Resultant decreases in soil pH cause reduced, less-active population of soil microorganisms, which in turn slow decomposition of plant residues and cycling of essential plant nutrients.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: maan hapotus @fi
alternative label: acidifikacija tla @hr
broader: soil degradation
related: acid deposition
source: PARCOR

soil air
type: Concept
definition: The air and other gases in spaces in the soil; specifically that which is found within the zone of aeration. Also known as soil atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil
source: MGH

soil analysis
type: Concept
definition: The use of rapid chemical analyses to determine the fertility status of a soil. It is used to identify those nutrients or substances that are present in either insufficient or excessive quantities for optimum plant growth. Analyses are also used to monitor increases or decreases in soil fertility over time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: markanalys @sv
broader: analysis
related: lysimetry
related: soil
related match: Soil test
source: PARCOR

soil biology
type: Concept
definition: The study of the living organisms, mainly microorganisms and microinvertebrates which live within the soil, and which are largely responsible for the decomposition processes vital to soil fertility.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil science
source: GILP96

soil capability
type: Concept
definition: The suitability of soils for various uses, e.g. sustained production of cultivated crops, pasture plants, etc., depending on depth, texture, kinds of minerals, salinity, kinds of salts, acidity, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil
narrower: land carrying capacity
narrower: soil fertility
narrower: soil stability
source: NHQ
source: PARCOR

soil chemistry
type: Concept
definition: The study of the inorganic and organic components of the soil and its life cycles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil science
source: MGH

soil compaction
type: Concept
definition: An increase in bulk density (mass per unit volume) and a decrease in soil porosity resulting from applied loads, vibration, or pressure. More compacted soils (or other materials) can support greater loads (load-bearing capacity). Bulk density can be increased by controlling the moisture content, compaction forces and treatment procedures, as well as by manipulating the type of material being compacted.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jordpackning @sv
alternative label: kompaktion @sv
broader: soil process
source: DUNSTE

soil condition
type: Concept
definition: Description of the character of the surface of the ground at the time of observation, especially in relation to the influence of rain and snow.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil type
narrower: contaminated soil
source: ECHO2

soil conservation
type: Concept
definition: Management of soil to prevent or reduce soil erosion and depletion by wind and water. Preservation of soil against deterioration and loss by using it within its capabilities; application of conservation practices needed for its protection and improvement.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurzoruaren kontserbazio
broader: environmental conservation
source: LANDY
source: MGH

soil conservation legislation
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to protect and prevent the loss of an area's surface layer of decomposed rock and organic material, valued for its nutrients and ability to support life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurzorua kontserbatzeko legeria
broader: environmental legislation
source: DES

soil damage
type: Concept
definition: Soil impaired as a consequence of human activity. A study financed by UNEP, reporting in 1992, found that about 10,5% of the world's vegetative surface had been seriously damaged by human activity since 1945. The study found that much of the damage had been masked by a general rise in global agricultural productivity resulting from expanded irrigation, better plant varieties, and greater use of production inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides. More than 1/3 of the damaged land was in Asia, almost 1/3 in Africa, and 1/4 in Central America. Some land had been damaged beyond restoration. The greatest sources of soil degradation were overgrazing, unsuitable agricultural practices, and deforestation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poškodenie pôdy @sk
broader: environmental damage
related: soil degradation
source: GILP96

soil decontamination
type: Concept
definition: Technologies employed in the removal of PCBs, PAH, pesticides and, more generally, of organic compounds by physical, chemical or biological treatments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: uklanjanje onečišćenja iz tla @hr
alternative label: uklanjanje kemikalija iz tla @hr
broader: decontamination
related: chemical decontamination
source: EUROPA

soil degradation
type: Concept
definition: Soil may deteriorate either by physical movement of soil particles from a given site or by depletion of the water-soluble elements in the soil which contribute to the nourishment of crop, plants, grasses, trees, and other economically usable vegetation. The physical movement generally is referred to as erosion. Wind, water, glacial ice, animals and tools in use may be agents of erosion.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurzoruaren andeatze
alternative label: lurzoruaren narriadura
alternative label: pogoršanje kvalitete tla @hr
broader: degradation of the environment
narrower: soil acidification
related: soil damage
related match: Soil retrogression and degradation
source: GILP96

soil erosion
type: Concept
definition: Detachment and movement of topsoil or soil material from the upper part of the profile, by the action of wind or running water, especially as a result of changes brought about by human activity, such as unsuitable or mismanaged agriculture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil process
related: erosion
related: erosion control
related match: Erosion
source: BJGEO

bibliography
type: Concept
definition: A complete or selective listing of documents by a given subject, author or publisher, often including the description and identification of the editions, dates of issue, titles, authorship, publishers or other written materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kirjaluettelo @fi
broader: document type
source: ISEP
source: RHW

soil fertility
type: Concept
definition: The status of a soil with respect to the amount and availability to plants of elements necessary for plant growth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jordens bördighet @sv
broader: soil capability
related match: Fertility (soil)
source: BJGEO

soil fertilisation
type: Concept
definition: The application of any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origins to a soil to supply one or more elements essential to the growth of plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: agricultural method
narrower: overfertilisation
related: chemical fertiliser
related: fertiliser
source: DUNSTE

soil formation
type: Concept
definition: The combination of natural processes by which soils are formed. It is also known as pedogenesis. The most important soil-forming factors are parent material, terrain, climate, aspect, vegetation cover, microorganisms in the soil and the age of the land surface. Some pedologists would add to this list the influence of human activities. All the factors exhibit varying degrees of interrelationship and some are more important than others, with climate often being singled out as the most important.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pedogenesi
alternative label: vznik pôdy @sk
broader: soil process
related match: Pedogenesis
source: WHIT

soil improvement
type: Concept
definition: Process of protecting the soil from excessive erosion and making soil more fertile and productive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurzorua hobetze
alternative label: markförbättring @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9373
related: mineral conditioner
related match: Soil quality
source: LANDY

soil layer
type: Concept
definition: Distinctive successive layers of soil produced by internal redistribution processes. Conventionally the layers have been divided into A, B and C horizons. The A horizon is the upper layer, containing humus and is leached and/or eluviated of many minerals. The B horizon forms a zone of deposition and is enriched with clay minerals and iron/aluminium oxides from the A layer. The C layer is the parent material for the present soil and may be partially weathered rock, transported glacial or alluvial material or an earlier soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εδαφικός ορίζοντας @el
alternative label: horizont tla @hr
broader: soil profile
narrower: humus
source: ALL

soil loading
type: Concept
definition: In soil mechanics and civil engineering the term is used to denote the increased weight brought to bear on the ground surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil process
source: WHIT

soil map
type: Concept
definition: A two-dimensional representation that shows the areal extent or the distribution of soils in relation to other features of the land surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mapa pedologiko
broader: map
source: ALL

soil mechanics
type: Concept
definition: The study of the physical properties of soil, especially those properties that affect its ability to bear weight such as water content, density, strength, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil process
source: CED

soil mineralogy
type: Concept
definition: Study of the formation, occurrence, properties, composition, and classification of the minerals present in the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil science
source: BJGEO

soil moisture
type: Concept
definition: 1) Water stored in soils. 2) One of the most important elements involved in pedological processes and plant growth. There are three basic forms: a) water adhering in thin films by molecular attraction to the surface of soil particles and not available for plants is termed hygroscopic water. b) Water forming thicker films and occupying the smaller pore spaces is termed capillary water. Since it is held against the force of gravity it is permanently available for plant growth and it is this type of soil water which contains plant nutrients in solution. c) Water in excess of hygroscopic and capillary water is termed gravitational water, which is of a transitory nature because it flows away under the influence of gravity. When the excess has drained away the amount of water retained in the soil is termed its field capacity, when some of its pore spaces are still free of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil water
narrower: soil moisture regime
related: soaking
related: moisture
related match: Water content
source: DUNSTE
source: LANDY

soil moisture regime
type: Concept
definition: The water regime of the soil is determined by the physical properties and arrangement of the soil particles. The pores in a soil determine its water-retention characteristics. When all the pores are full of water, the soil is said to be saturated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil moisture
source: DUNSTE

soil organism
type: Concept
definition: Organisms which live in the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: organism
source: PHC

soil pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Solid, liquid and gaseous substances that detrimentally alter the natural condition of the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurzoruaren kutsatzaile
broader: pollutant

bicycle
type: Concept
definition: A vehicle with two wheels in tandem, pedals connected to the rear wheel by a chain, handlebars for steering, and a saddlelike seat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vehicle

soil pollution
type: Concept
definition: Modifications of soil features or, more generally, of its chemical and biological balance, caused by the discharge of polluting substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurzoruaren kutsadura
broader: land pollution
related: chemical pest control
related: overfertilisation
related: polluted site
related match: Soil contamination
source: FLGISA

soil process
type: Concept
definition: The major processes in soils are gains, losses, transfers, and transformations of organic matter, soluble salts, carbonates, silicate clay minerals, sesquioxides, and silica. Gains consist normally of additions of organic matter, and of oxygen and water through oxidation and hydration, but in some sites slow continuous additions of new mineral materials take place at the surface or soluble materials are deposited from groundwater. Losses are chiefly of materials dissolved or suspended in water percolating through the profile or running off the surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pedosphere
narrower: purification through the soil
narrower: soil mechanics
narrower: soil loading
narrower: soil compaction
narrower: soil settling
narrower: soil subsidence
narrower: soil erosion
narrower: soil formation
narrower: soil leaching
source: PARCOR

soil profile
type: Concept
definition: A vertical section of a soil, showing horizons and parent material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: markprofil @sv
broader: soil
narrower: mineral matter
narrower: organic matter
narrower: soil layer
related match: Soil horizon
source: MGH

soil quality
type: Concept
definition: All current positive or negative properties with regard to soil utilization and soil functions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kakvoća tla @hr
broader: environmental quality
source: ECHO1

soil resource
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tlo kao prirodni resurs @hr
alternative label: tlo kao resurs @hr
broader: natural resource
related: soil

soil salination
type: Concept
definition: The accumulation of soluble mineral salts near the surface of soil, usually caused by the capillary flow of water from saline ground water. Where the rate of surface evaporation is high, irrigation can exacerbate the problem by moistening the soil and causing water to be drawn from deeper levels as water evaporates from the surface. The evaporation of pure water leaves the salts behind, allowing them to accumulate, and they can reach concentrations that are toxic to plants, thus sterilizing the land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zasolenie pôdy @sk
broader: salination
related match: Soil salinity
source: ALL

soil science
type: Concept
definition: The study of the properties, occurrence, and management of soil as a natural resource. Generally it includes the chemistry, microbiology, physics, morphology, and mineralogy of soils, as well as their genesis and classification.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: znanost o tlu @hr
alternative label: pedologi @sv
broader: natural science
narrower: edaphology
narrower: soil chemistry
narrower: soil mineralogy
narrower: soil biology
source: MGH

soil settling
type: Concept
definition: Compaction involves the close-packing of the individual grains mainly by the elimination of pore-space and expulsion of entrapped water; this is normally brought about by the weight of the overlying sediments.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zbijanje tla @hr
alternative label: jordpackning @sv
broader: soil process
source: ECHO2

soil stabilisation
type: Concept
definition: Chemical or mechanical treatment designed to increase or maintain the stability of a soil mass or otherwise to improve its engineering properties, as by increasing its shear strength, reducing its compressibility, or decreasing its tendency to absorb water. Stabilization methods include physical compaction and treatment with cement, lime, and bitumen.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related: soil stability
source: BJGEO

soil structure
type: Concept
definition: The combination or aggregation of primary soil particles into aggregates or clusters, which are separated from adjoining peds by surfaces of weakness. Soil structure is classified on the basis of size, shape, and distinctness into classes, types, and grades.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil
source: BJGEO

soil subsidence
type: Concept
definition: A sinking down of a part of the earth's crust, generally due to underground excavations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jordpackning @sv
broader: soil process
related: subsidence
source: MGH

soil surface sealing
type: Concept
definition: Any activity or process in which ground surface areas are packed or plugged to prevent percolation or the passage of fluids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related: sealing
source: SIS
source: ERG

soil texture
type: Concept
definition: 1) Refers to the relative proportions of the various size groups (sand, silt and clay) of the individual soil grains in a mass of soil. 2) Classification of soil by the proportion and graduations of the three size groups of soil grains, i.e., sand, silt and clay, present in the soil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: marktyp @sv
alternative label: jordart @sv
broader: soil
source: LANDY

soil type
type: Concept
definition: A phase or subdivision of a soil series based primarily on texture of the surface soil to a depth at least equal to plow depth (about 15 cm).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: jordart @sv
alternative label: marktyp @sv
broader: soil
narrower: soil condition
narrower: subsoil
narrower: alkali soil
source: BJGEO

act
type: Concept
definition: 1) Something done voluntarily by a person, and of such a nature that certain legal consequences attach to it. 2) Documents, decrees, edicts, laws, judgments, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αποφάσεις @el
alternative label: lait @fi
alternative label: asiakirjat @fi
alternative label: toimenpiteet @fi
alternative label: radnja @hr
alternative label: zakon @hr
alternative label: uredba @hr
alternative label: pravni posao @hr
alternative label: dokument @hr
alternative label: čin @hr
alternative label: rättsakt @sv
alternative label: lag @sv
broader: law (individual)
source: WESTS

soil use
type: Concept
definition: Functional utilization of soil for agriculture, industry, or residential building purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: korištenje tla @hr
broader: resource utilisation
related: land use
source: GREMES

soil water
type: Concept
definition: Water stored in soils.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: soil
narrower: soil moisture
related match: Water content
source: LANDY

solar cell
type: Concept
definition: A device for converting sunlight into electrical power using a semiconductor sensitive to the photovoltaic effect. Solar cells are used on space satellites to power electronic equipment, and as their price falls they may come to be used to provide energy on the Earth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zelula fotovoltaiko
alternative label: Sunčeva ćelija @hr
broader: solar collector
related: energy source
source: ALL

solar collector
type: Concept
definition: Device which converts the energy from light into electricity. The collector system contains a concentrator and a receiver. The concentrator redirects and focuses sunlight on the receiver by using mirrors or lenses, and the receiver absorbs solar radiation and converts it to heat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kolektore
alternative label: Sunčev kolektor @hr
broader: equipment
narrower: solar cell
related: solar energy technology
source: PARCOR
source: PHC

solar energy
type: Concept
definition: The energy transmitted from the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The most successful examples of energy extraction from the sun are so far solar cells used in satellites and solar collectors used to heat water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sunčana energija @hr
alternative label: Sunčeva energija @hr
broader: non-conventional energy
related: solar heating
source: ALL
source: MGH

solar energy technology
type: Concept
definition: Solar energy can be converted to useful work or heat by using a collector to absorb solar radiation, allowing much of the sun's radiant energy to be converted to heat. This heat can be used directly in residential, industrial, and agricultural operations; converted to mechanical or electrical power; or applied in chemical reactions for production of fuels and chemicals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tehnologija primjene solarne energije @hr
broader: environmental technology
related: solar collector
source: PARCOR

solar heating
type: Concept
definition: A domestic or industrial heating system that makes direct use of solar energy. The simplest form consists of a collector through which a fluid is pumped. The circuit also contains some form of heat storage tank and an alternative energy source to provide energy when the sun is not shining. The collector usually consists of a black surface through which water is piped, the black surface being enclosed behind glass sheets to make use of the greenhouse effect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: solvärme @sv
broader: energy source
related: solar energy
related: heating
related match: Solar water heating
source: UVAROV

solar power station
type: Concept
definition: Plant where energy is generated using radiation from the sun.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sunčana elektrana @hr
alternative label: Sunčeva elektrana @hr
broader: electric power plant
related match: List of photovoltaic power stations
source: PHC

solar radiation
type: Concept
definition: The electromagnetic radiation and particles emitted by the sun.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Earth-Sun relationship
broader: radiation
narrower: duration of sunshine
related match: Sunlight
source: MGH

solid matter
type: Concept
definition: A crystalline material, that is, one in which the constituent atoms are arranged in a three-dimensional lattice, periodic in three independent directions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στερεές προσμίξεις @el
broader: solid state
source: MGH

solid state
type: Concept
definition: The physical state of matter in which the constituent molecules, atoms, or ions have no translatory motion although they vibrate about the fixed positions that they occupy in a crystal lattice.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: solido-egoera
broader: state of matter
narrower: solid matter
narrower: dust
narrower: particle
source: UVAROV

bilateral convention
type: Concept
definition: An international agreement, especially one dealing with a specific matter, involving two or both sides, factions, or the like.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: convention
source: RRDA

solid waste
type: Concept
definition: Discarded solid materials. Includes agricultural waste, mining waste, industrial waste and municipal waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
related match: Municipal solid waste
source: LANDY

solid waste disposal
type: Concept
definition: The orderly discarding, release, collection, treatment or salvaging of unwanted or useless non-liquid, non-soluble refuse.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste disposal
source: TED
source: GSW
source: TOE

solubility
type: Concept
definition: The ability of a substance to form a solution with another substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: topivost @hr
broader: chemical property
broader: physical property
related: insoluble substance
related: dissolution
source: MGH

solvent
type: Concept
definition: Substance, generally a liquid, capable of dissolving another substance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
narrower: organic solvent
source: CED

solvent recovery
type: Concept
definition: Solvent recovery is a widely practised form of recycling where spent solvents are distilled and reused. However, the cheaper solvents are often incinerated or dumped in hazardous waste landfill sites.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rekuperacija otapala @hr
broader: industrial process
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9106
source: PORT

songbird
type: Concept
definition: Any passerine bird of the suborder Oscines, having highly developed vocal organs and, in most, a music call.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/912
source: CED

sonic boom
type: Concept
definition: A noise caused by a shock wave that emanates from an aircraft or other object traveling at or above sonic velocity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ljudbang @sv
alternative label: överljudsknall @sv
broader: airborne noise
source: MGH

soot
type: Concept
definition: Impure black carbon with oily compounds obtained from the incomplete combustion of resinous materials, oils, wood, or coal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air pollutant
source: MGH

sorption
type: Concept
definition: The taking up, usually, of a liquid or gas into the body of another material (the absorbent). Thus, for instance, an air pollutant may be removed by absorption in a suitable solvent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physicochemical process
narrower: adsorption
narrower: chemisorption
narrower: resorption
related: desorption
source: HARRIS

sound
type: Concept
definition: Auditory sensation produced by the oscillations, stress, pressure, particle displacement, and particle velocity in a medium with internal forces; pressure variation that the human ear can detect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hots
broader: acoustics
narrower: infrasound
narrower: linear source of sound
narrower: ultrasound
related: acoustic level
related: acoustical quality
source: KOREN

sound emission
type: Concept
definition: Diffusion into the environment of a sound emitted from a given source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: soinu-isurtze
broader: emission
narrower: noise emission
source: RRDA

sound immission
type: Concept
definition: The introduction in the environment of noise deriving from various sources that can be grouped in: transportation activities, industrial activities and daily normal activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: immission
narrower: noise immission
related: acoustic level
source: DIFID

sound level
type: Concept
definition: The sound pressure level (in decibels) at a point in a sound field, averaged over the audible frequency range and over a time interval.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: soinu-maila
alternative label: melutaso @fi
broader: acoustic level
related match: Sound pressure
source: MGH

sound measurement
type: Concept
definition: Because of the large variations in sound magnitudes, and because the human hearing sensation seems to vary in a logarithmic way, logarithms are used in measurement of sound. The sound pressure level is given in decibels (dB).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: measuring
source: PARCOR

bilge oil
type: Concept
definition: Waste oil that accumulates, usually in small quantities, inside the lower spaces of a ship, just inside the shell plating, and usually mixed with larger quantities of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kindurtza-olio
alternative label: saia-olio
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9098
source: ERG

soundproofing
type: Concept
definition: Reducing or eliminating reverberation in a room by placing sound-absorbing materials on the walls and ceiling.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
source: MGH

sound propagation
type: Concept
definition: The travelling of acoustic waves in the atmosphere with a speed independent of their amplitude. The speed only depends on the acoustic medium and is proportional to the square route of the absolute temperature for any given medium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: acoustic property
related match: Sound
source: PARCOR
source: RRDA

sound transmission
type: Concept
definition: Passage of a sound wave through a medium or series of media.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εκπομπή ήχου @el
broader: acoustic property
related match: Acoustic transmission
source: MGH

South America
type: Concept
definition: A continent in the southern part of the western hemisphere, astride the equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north and between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, connected to North America by the Isthmus of Panama, and divided into twelve countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Americas
source: RHW

South Atlantic Ocean
type: Concept
definition: An ocean south of the equator between the eastern coast of South America and the western coast of Africa that extends southward to the Antarctic continent, including the Drake Passage, South Sandwich Islands and Falkand Islands.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
related match: Atlantic Ocean
source: INP

Southeast Asia
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of continental Asia, south of China, west of the South Pacific Ocean, north of the Indian Ocean, and east of the Bay of Bengal and the Indian subcontinent, including the Indochina Peninsula, the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian and Philippine Archipelagos, and countries such as Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Asia
source: INP

bilge water
type: Concept
definition: Water that builds up in the bottom of a ship's bilge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kindurtza-ur
alternative label: saia-ur
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
related match: Bilge
source: MGH

Southern Africa
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of the African continent astride the Tropic of Capricorn, including Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe, and also the Kalahari Desert, Zambezi River and Orange River.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Africa
source: AFR

Southern Asia
type: Concept
definition: A geographic region of the Asian continent bordered in the north by the countries of Central Asia and in the south by the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, extending westward into Iran and eastward into China, including Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Burma, Bhutan and Sri Lanka.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: Asia
related match: South Asia
source: SAR
source: RHW

South Pacific Ocean
type: Concept
definition: An ocean south of the equator between Southeast Asia and Australia in the Eastern hemisphere and South America in the Western hemisphere, extending southward to the Antarctic region, including the Tasman and Coral seas and numerous islands, such as Galapagos, Solomon, Easter, Samoa, Fiji and Tonga islands, and also New Zealand and its islands.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Hegoaldeko Ozeano Barea
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9380
related match: Pacific Ocean
source: INP

space (interplanetary)
type: Concept
definition: Space extending between the sun and the planets of the solar system. Interplanetary space is not empty, but contains dust, particles with an electric charge, and the magnetic field of the sun (also called the IMF, or Interplanetary Magnetic Field).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: satellite
related: space travel
related: space transportation
source: CED
source: WINDOW

space transportation
type: Concept
definition: Transportation by means of vehicles designed to operate in free space outside the earth's atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transportation
related: space (interplanetary)
related: space travel
related match: Space transport
source: WEBSTE

space travel
type: Concept
definition: Travel in the space beyond the earth's atmosphere performed for scientific research purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rymdfart @sv
broader: travel
related: space (interplanetary)
related: space waste
related: space transportation
source: RRDA

space waste
type: Concept
definition: Nonfunctional debris of human origin left in a multitude of orbits about the earth as the result of the exploration and use of the environment lying outside the earth's atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rymdskrot @sv
broader: type of waste
related: space travel
related match: Space debris
source: ORB
source: MHD

spasmodic croup
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: laringe-difteria espasmodiko
broader: infectious disease

spatial mobility
type: Concept
definition: The rate of moves or migrations made by a given population within a given time frame.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: rörlighet inom rymden @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9369
source: CEN

special authorisation
type: Concept
definition: An exceptional granting of power or permission or a legislative act authorizing money to be spent on government programs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: authorisation
source: RHW

specialisation (biological)
type: Concept
definition: Evolutionary adaptation to a particular mode of life or habitat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: synecology
narrower: fouling growth
related: ecological adaptation
related match: Generalist and specialist species
source: LBC

special law
type: Concept
definition: One relating to particular persons or things; one made for individual cases or for particular places or districts; one operating upon a selected class, rather than upon the public generally. A law is special when it is different from others of the same general kind or designed for a particular purpose, or limited in range or confined to a prescribed field of action or operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: emergency law

bioaccumulation
type: Concept
definition: 1) The accumulation of pollutants in living organisms by direct adsorption or through food chains. 2) Accumulation by an organism of materials that are not an essential component or nutrient of that organism. Usually it refers to the accumulation of metals, but it can apply to bioaccumulation of persistent synthetic substances such as organochlorine compounds. Many organisms, such as plants, fungi and bacteria, will accumulate metals when grown in solutions containing them. The process can be employed usefully as a purification process to remove toxic heavy metals from waste water and contaminated land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bioakumulazio
broader: biogeochemical cycle
related: bioaccumulative pollutant
related: pollutant accumulation
source: WRIGHT

special waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste which must be handled in a particular manner and for which particular rules apply.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin berezi
broader: type of waste
narrower: electronic scrap
related: chemical waste
related: hazardous waste
related: radioactive waste
related match: Hazardous waste

species
type: Concept
definition: A taxonomic category ranking immediately below a genus and including closely related, morphologically similar individuals which actually or potentially inbreed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological parameter
narrower: adaptable species
narrower: animal species
narrower: endemic species
narrower: exotic species
narrower: plant species
related: category of endangered species
source: MGH

conservation of species
type: Concept
definition: Controlled utilization, protection or development of selected classes of plants or animals for their richness, biodiversity and benefits to humanity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: espezieen babes
broader: environmental conservation
narrower: bee conservation
source: EEN
source: TOE

species conservation programme
type: Concept
definition: An organized group of activities and procedures, often run by a government agency or a nonprofit organization, to preserve and protect living organisms designated as being at risk.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: espezieak kontserbatzeko programa
broader: environmental programme
source: RHW
source: TOE

species impoverishment
type: Concept
definition: Loss of species due to factors such as climate change or random events such as persistent drought, natural catastrophe, the emergence of a new predator, or genetic mutation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: espezieak urritze
broader: environmental change
source: WRES

species reintroduction
type: Concept
definition: Reintroducing wild animal and plant species to their natural habitat. The reintroduction of species in a region requires a preliminary study to establish the reasons of their disappearance and the modifications that might have occurred in the biotopes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: espezieak birsartze
alternative label: ponovno naseljavanje vrsta @hr
broader: reintroduction
narrower: plant species reintroduction
narrower: animal species reintroduction
related match: Reintroduction
source: RAMADE
source: SCIFRI

spectroscopy
type: Concept
definition: The branch of physics concerned with the production, measurement, and interpretation of electromagnetic spectra arising from either emission or absorption of radiant energy by various substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: laboratory technique
source: MGH

speed
type: Concept
definition: A scalar measure of the rate of movement of a body expressed either as the distance travelled divided by the time taken (average speed) or the rate of change of position with respect to time at a particular point (instantaneous speed). It is measured in metres per second, miles per hour, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αμφεταμίνη @el
broader: physical property
source: CED

speed limit
type: Concept
definition: The maximum permitted speed at which a vehicle may travel on certain roads.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: οριακή ταχύτητα @el
alternative label: maksiminopeus @fi
broader: transport law
source: CED

spider
type: Concept
definition: Any predatory silk-producing arachnid of the order Araneae, having four pairs of legs and a rounded unsegmented body consisting of abdomen and cephalothorax.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chelicerate
source: CED

abandoned vehicle
type: Concept
definition: A vehicle that has been discarded in the environment, urban or otherwise, often found wrecked, destroyed, damaged or with a major component part stolen or missing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
related: vehicle
source: ISEP
source: MDM

bioaccumulative pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Pollutants that become concentrated in living organisms through the consumption of food or water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile bioakumulatibo
broader: pollutant
related: bioaccumulation
source: KOREN

spillage
type: Concept
definition: The uncontrolled discharge, leakage, dripping or running over of fluids or liquid substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απόρριψη @el
alternative label: απόχυση @el
alternative label: εκροή @el
alternative label: isurtze
alternative label: izlijevanje @hr
broader: oil pollution
source: HMD

spoil dump
type: Concept
definition: Place where rubbish and waste minerals dug out of a mine are deposited.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: deponi för schaktningsavfall @sv
broader: landfill
source: CED
source: PHC

poriferan
type: Concept
definition: The sponges, a phylum of the animal kingdom characterized by the presence of canal systems and chambers through which water is drawn in and released; tissues and organs are absent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σπογγόζωα @el
broader: invertebrate
related match: Sponge
source: MGH

sport
type: Concept
definition: The complex of individual or group activities pursued for exercise or pleasure, often taking a competitive form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άθληση @el
alternative label: μεταλλακτός (τύπος) @el
alternative label: άθλημα @el
broader: recreation
narrower: golf
related: sports facility
source: CED

sports facility
type: Concept
definition: Buildings, constructions, installations, organized areas and equipment for indoor and outdoor sport activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: infrastructure
narrower: aquatic recreational amenity
narrower: ski run
related: sport
source: RRDA

spray can
type: Concept
definition: An aerosol can for applying paint, deodorant, etc., as a fine spray.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aerosol @sv
broader: industrial product
related: aerosol
related match: Aerosol spray
source: SHOOX

bio-availability
type: Concept
definition: The extent to which a drug or other substance is taken up by a specific tissue or organ after administration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bioraspoloživost @hr
broader: ecological parameter
related match: Bioavailability
source: CED
source: ZINZAN

sprayed asbestos
type: Concept
definition: Asbestos emitted into the atmosphere in a spraying operation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: air pollutant
related: building material

spring (hydrology, land)
type: Concept
definition: A place where ground water flows naturally from a rock or the soil onto the land surface or into a body of surface water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: iturburu (hidrologia, lurraldea)
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9161
source: BJGEO

spring water
type: Concept
definition: Water obtained from an underground formation from which water flows naturally to the surface, or would flow naturally to the surface if it were not collected underground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9242
related match: Spring (hydrosphere)
source: WQA

spurting
type: Concept
definition: Supplying water or pesticides to crops with a spray.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ανάβλυση @el
broader: agricultural method
source: PHC

square
type: Concept
definition: An open area in a town, sometimes including the surrounding buildings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τετράγωνο @el
alternative label: enparantza
alternative label: plats @sv
alternative label: fyrkant @sv
alternative label: vinkelhake @sv
alternative label: torg @sv
broader: traffic infrastructure
related: urban traffic
source: CED

squatter settlement
type: Concept
definition: Settlement on land or property to which there is no legal title.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bizitegi ilegal
alternative label: naseljavanje skvotera @hr
alternative label: skvotiranje @hr
broader: human settlement
source: CED

stabilisation lagoon
type: Concept
definition: Ponds in which wastes are allowed to decompose over long periods of time and aeration is provided only by wind action. Sunlight is allowed to fall on sewage to purify it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: purification facility
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9143
source: PARCOR
source: PHC

stable
type: Concept
definition: A building or structure usually with stalls that is used to house and feed horses, cattle or other animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ergela @hr
broader: agricultural building
narrower: piggery
source: RHW

stack
type: Concept
definition: The portion of a chimney rising above the roof.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στοίβα @el
alternative label: σωρός @el
alternative label: θημωνιά @el
alternative label: poistoputki @fi
alternative label: savupiippu @fi
alternative label: trave @sv
alternative label: långskyl @sv
alternative label: hög @sv
alternative label: skorstensgrupp @sv
broader: building component
source: MGH

standard
type: Concept
definition: 1) Something considered by an authority or by general consent as a basis of comparison. 2) An object regarded as the most common size or form of its kind. 3) A rule or principle that is used as a basis for judgment. 4) An average or normal quality, quantity, or level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πρότυπο @el
alternative label: vaatimustaso @fi
alternative label: rahakanta @fi
broader: technical regulation
narrower: product standard
narrower: technical regulation for dangerous substances
narrower: emission standard
narrower: ISO standard
narrower: pesticide control standard
narrower: safety standard
narrower: quality standard
narrower: European standard

standardisation
type: Concept
definition: The act of conforming to a rule.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: normalizazio
alternative label: standardizacija @hr
broader: technical regulation
narrower: international standardisation
related match: Standardization
source: ZINZAN

standard for building industry
type: Concept
definition: A norm or measure applicable in legal cases for any enterprise involved in the construction, remodeling or finishing of enclosed structures for habitation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: građevinski standard @hr
alternative label: standard u graditeljstvu @hr
broader: safety standard
source: BLD

staple food
type: Concept
definition: The most commonly or regularly eaten food in a country or community and which forms the mainstay of the total calorie supply, especially in the poorer populations and at times of food shortage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oinarrizko elikagai
broader: nutrition
narrower: food quality
related: food
source: GUNN

starch
type: Concept
definition: A polysaccharide which is a combination of many monosaccharide molecules, made during photosynthesis and stored as starch grains in many plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: carbohydrate
source: ALL

state
type: Concept
definition: A people permanently occupying a fixed territory bound together by common law, habits and custom into one body politic exercising, through the medium of an organized government, independent sovereignty and control over all persons and things within its boundaries, unless or until authority is ceded to a federation or union of other states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: institutional structure
narrower: province
narrower: county
narrower: municipality
narrower: region
source: BLD

state of the art
type: Concept
definition: Everything made available to the public by means of a written or oral description, by use or in any other way before the date of the patent application, or an application filed in a foreign country the priority of which is validly claimed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αιχμή(ς) @el
alternative label: iz. + berrien (teknologia berrien)
broader: environmental assessment criterion
source: ECHO1

data on the state of the environment
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental data

report on the state of the environment
type: Concept
definition: A written account on the level of integrity and conditions of the ecosystem and natural resources in a given region, usually presented by an official person or body mandated to protect human health and the environment in that region.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental report
source: TOE

biochemical method
type: Concept
definition: Method based on the utilisation of a biochemical mechanism, e.g. any chemical reaction or series of reactions, usually enzyme catalysed, which produces a given physiological effect in a living organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: method
source: BIOHW

state of waste
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste

state of matter
type: Concept
definition: One of the three fundamental conditions of matter: the solid, the liquid, and gaseous states.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: agregatno stanje tvari @hr
narrower: solid state
narrower: colloidal state
narrower: aerosol
narrower: liquid state
narrower: gaseous state
source: MGH

station
type: Concept
definition: A place along a route or line at which a bus, train, etc. stops for fuel or to pick up or let off passengers or goods, especially with ancillary buildings and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: postaja @hr
broader: traffic infrastructure
narrower: bus station
narrower: railway station
source: CED

statistical analysis
type: Concept
definition: The body of techniques used in statistical inference concerning a population.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
related: statistics
related match: Statistics
source: MGH

statistical data
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στατιστικά δεδομένα @el
broader: environmental data
narrower: public attendance
narrower: statistical series
narrower: tourist attendance
narrower: per capita data
related: statistics
related match: Statistics

statistics
type: Concept
definition: A branch of mathematics dealing with the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of masses of numerical data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: στατιστικά στοιχεία @el
narrower: waste statistics
narrower: industrial production statistics
narrower: environmental statistics
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9241
narrower: regional statistics
related: data analysis
related: statistical analysis
related: statistical data
source: LANDY

waste statistics
type: Concept
definition: Determination of the quantity and character of the wastes discarded by a community, by spot sampling procedure.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: statistics
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9141
source: CORBIT

status of development
type: Concept
definition: The extent to which a society promotes human well-being in all dimensions of existence by forming people's capabilities, expanding choices and increasing opportunities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sociopolitical aspect
narrower: developing country
narrower: developed country
narrower: less developed country
source: POP

prescription statutory limitation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zastarijevanje @hr
alternative label: zakonsko zastarijevanje @hr
broader: legal procedure

statutory public body
type: Concept
definition: An association, supported in whole or part by public funding, that is established to operate programs for the public, often with little interference from government in day-to-day business.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: institutional structure
source: BLD
source: ODE

steady noise
type: Concept
definition: Unceasing prolonged noise, without interruption.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zarata jarraitu
alternative label: ständigt ljud @sv
broader: noise type
source: CED

steam generator
type: Concept
definition: A pressurized system in which water is vaporized to steam by heat transferred from a source of higher temperature, usually the products of combustion from burning fuels. Also known as steam boiler.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ατμολέβητας @el
broader: thermal equipment
source: MGH

steel
type: Concept
definition: Any of various alloys based on iron containing carbon (usually 0.1-0.7 per cent) and often small quantities of other elements such as phosphorus, sulphur, manganese, chromium, and nickel. Steels exhibit a variety of properties, such as strength, machinability, malleability, etc., depending on their composition and the way they have been treated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: alloy
broader: metal product
source: CED

steel industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry that deals with the processing of iron.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: altzairuaren industria
alternative label: industrija čelika @hr
broader: iron and steel industry
related match: Steel
source: RRDA

sterilisation (process)
type: Concept
definition: An act or process of destroying all forms of microbial life on and in an object.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related: disinfection
source: MGH

steroid
type: Concept
definition: A compound composed of a series of four carbon rings joined together to form a structural unit called cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
source: MGH

incentive fund
type: Concept
definition: Money or financial resources set aside to stimulate, encourage, or incite action towards greater productivity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χρηματοδοτικό κεφάλαιο @el
broader: financial fund
source: RHW

stock (biological)
type: Concept
definition: A group of individuals of one species within a specified area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fond (biologija) @hr
alternative label: familj @sv
alternative label: stam @sv
scope note: planting of woody plants ; woody plant (tree) stock <D> @en
broader: forestry practice
source: LBC

adaptable species
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: species

stock management
type: Concept
definition: The handling or controlling of accumulated materials or stored goods.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izakinen kudeaketa
alternative label: gospodarenje zalihama @hr
broader: business organisation
source: ISEP
source: RHW

stocktaking
type: Concept
definition: The counting over of materials or goods on hand, as in a stockroom or store.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: popisivanje zaliha @hr
broader: trade (services)
narrower: stock (trade)
related match: Inventory

stone
type: Concept
definition: A general term for rock that is used in construction, either crushed for use as aggregate or cut into shaped blocks as dimension stone.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: building material
related: rock
related: natural stone
source: BJGEO

storage dam
type: Concept
definition: A barrier of concrete, earth, etc., built across a river to create a body of water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fördämning @sv
broader: dam
related: hydraulic engineering
source: CED

storm
type: Concept
definition: An atmospheric disturbance involving perturbations of the prevailing pressure and wind fields on scales ranging from tornadoes to extratropical cyclones; also the associated weather and the like.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θύελλα @el
alternative label: erauntsi
broader: meteorological phenomenon
narrower: thunderstorm
source: MGH

storm damage
type: Concept
definition: Storms may cause flooding and damage to crops; uproot trees; damage roofs and chimneys; break windows, leading to rain damage; overturn trucks; affect transportation, communication and energy supplies; delay building construction and destroy traditional landmarks. In their more violent form, storms may cause severe damage and loss of life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental damage
related: meteorological disaster
source: WPR

biochemical process
type: Concept
definition: Chemical processes occurring in living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: aerobic process
narrower: biodegradation
narrower: nitrogen fixation
narrower: fermentation
narrower: anaerobic process
related: biosynthesis
related: biological process
source: PHC

stove
type: Concept
definition: A chamber within which a fuel-air mixture is burned to provide heat, the heat itself being radiated outward from the chamber; used for space heating, process-fluid heating, and steel blast furnaces.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θερμάστρα @el
alternative label: φούρνος @el
alternative label: kasvihuone @fi
alternative label: ilman esikuumennin @fi
alternative label: pec @sk
alternative label: drivhus @sv
broader: thermal equipment
source: MGH

stratification
type: Concept
definition: The arrangement of a body of water, as a lake, into two or more horizontal layers of different characteristics, especially densities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: estratifikazio
alternative label: kerrostuneisuus @fi
alternative label: ositus @fi
alternative label: uslojavanje @hr
alternative label: skiktning @sv
broader: physical property
source: MGH

stratosphere
type: Concept
definition: The layer of the atmosphere which is sandwiched between the troposphere and mesosphere. Of the energy that reaches the Earth from the sun, only 3% is absorbed in the stratosphere, but that includes the vitally important process of absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the stratospheric ozone layer. The stratosphere is cloudless and dust free, and almost unaffected by the turbulent conditions of the underlying level of the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric structure
source: WRIGHT

stratospheric ozone depletion
type: Concept
definition: Damage of the ozone shield by chemicals released on Earth. The main chemicals that are depleting stratospheric ozone are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are used in refrigerators, aerosols, and as cleaners in many industries, and halons which are used in fire extinguishers. The damage is caused when these chemicals release highly reactive forms of chlorine and bromine.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: smanjenje ozonskog omotača @hr
broader: ozone layer depletion
related: ozone layer
source: WRIGHT

biochemical substance
type: Concept
definition: Chemical substances that occur in animals, microorganisms, and plants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
narrower: steroid
narrower: vitamin
narrower: nucleic acid
narrower: carbohydrate
narrower: chlorophyll
narrower: protein
narrower: lipid
narrower: amino acid
narrower: enzyme
related: tannin
related: antibiotic
source: GILP96

stream measurement
type: Concept
definition: The quantitative determination of the rate and amount of flow or discharge from a natural body of running water, such as a small river or brook.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9196
source: WRT
source: WWD
source: DOE

street cleaning
type: Concept
definition: The process of removing dirt, litter or other unsightly materials from city or town streets.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: municipal cleansing
related: road salt
related: refuse collection vehicle
related match: Street sweeper
source: ISEP

strength of materials
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials

stress
type: Concept
definition: A stimulus or succession of stimuli of such magnitude as to tend to disrupt the homeostasis of the organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υπερένταση @el
alternative label: τάση @el
alternative label: ολικό φορτίο @el
alternative label: sivupuristus @fi
alternative label: spänning @sv
alternative label: tryck @sv
broader: human disease
narrower: urban stress
narrower: psychological stress
source: MGH

strip mining
type: Concept
definition: Superficial mining, in which the valuable rock is exposed by removal of overburden. Coal, numerous nonmetals and metalliferous ores (iron and copper) are worked in this way. Sinonym: strip mining, opencast mining, openpit mining.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aire zabaleko meategi
broader: mining
source: BJGEO

strontium
type: Concept
definition: A soft silvery-white element of the alkaline earth group of metals, occurring chiefly as celestite and as strontianite. Its compounds burn with a crimson flame and are used in fire works.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group II (alkaline earth metals)
source: CED

structural adjustment program
type: Concept
definition: A program for economic reforms aimed at improving or liberalizing an economy, which is advocated and imposed by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund on poor or developing countries in exchange for new loans.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egitura-doikuntzaren programa
broader: programme
related match: Structural adjustment
source: BWP
source: LCC
source: OXF

structure-activity relationship
type: Concept
definition: The association between a chemical structure and carcinogenicity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical property
source: KOREN

structure-borne noise
type: Concept
definition: Sound that travels over at least part of its path by means of the vibration of a solid structure.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egitura-zarata
broader: noise type
source: CONFER

biochemistry
type: Concept
definition: The study of chemical substances occurring in living organisms and the reactions and methods for identifying these substances.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemistry
source: MGH

structure plan
type: Concept
definition: Metropolitan structure and land use plan intended to outline the general lines along which development should proceed in an area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plan
source: ECHO1
source: GOOD

submarine morphology
type: Concept
definition: That aspect of geological oceanography which deals with the relief features of the ocean floor and with the forces that modify them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: landform
narrower: benthic division
narrower: sea bed
source: BJGEO

submarine
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urpeko
broader: ship

biocide
type: Concept
definition: A diverse group of poisonous substance including preservatives, insecticides, disinfectants and pesticides used for the control of organisms that are harmful to human or animal health or that cause damage to natural or manufactured products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical product
narrower: insecticide
narrower: fungicide
narrower: pesticide
narrower: herbicide
narrower: bactericide
narrower: algicide
source: GRAHAW

subsequent order
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ondorengo agindu
alternative label: naknadna naredba @hr
broader: order

subsidence
type: Concept
definition: 1) A sinking down of a part of the earth's crust, generally due to underground excavations. 2) The sudden sinking or gradual downward settling of the Earth's surface with little or no horizontal motion. The movement is not restricted in rate, magnitude, or area involved. Subsidence may be caused by natural geologic processes, such as solution, thawing, compaction, slow crustal warping, or withdrawal of fluid lava from beneath a solid crust; or by man's activity, such as subsurface mining or the pumping of oil or ground water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πύκνωση @el
alternative label: καταβύθιση @el
alternative label: υποχώρηση @el
alternative label: καθίζηση @el
alternative label: kompaktion @sv
broader: rising (geological)
related: soil subsidence
source: BJGEO
source: MGH

subsidy
type: Concept
definition: Any monetary grant made by the government to a private industrial undertaking or charitable organization, but especially one given to consumers or producers in order to lower the market price of some service or product and make it readily affordable to the public.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επίδομα @el
alternative label: επιδότηση @el
alternative label: diru-laguntza
alternative label: subvention @sv
broader: financing
source: MGHME
source: RHW

subsoil
type: Concept
definition: Soil underlying surface soil, devoid of plant roots.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: alv @sv
broader: soil type
source: MGH
source: ZINZAN

subsoil drainage
type: Concept
definition: The removal of surplus water from within the soil by natural or artificial means, such as by drains placed below the surface to lower the water table below the root zone.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: drainage
source: BJGEO

substitutability (chemistry)
type: Concept
definition: The capability of a substance of being replaced by another, for example sweeteners used in place of sugar.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zamjenjivost (kemija) @hr
scope note: character of a process or substance to be possibly substituded by a less harmful one <D> @en
broader: chemical property
related: replacement
source: RRDA

substitution of halogenated compounds
type: Concept
definition: Halogenated compounds, because of their toxical and persistent character, should be substituted by environmental friendly compounds, like water-based fat solvents in metal processing industry or water-based coating agents.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: replacement
source: RRDA

substitution of phosphate
type: Concept
definition: Replacement of phosphate in detergents by environmentally safer substances, such as zeolite. The substitute will not act as a nutrient, and so will not cause eutrophication as a result of the accelerated growth of plants and microorganisms if it is released into waterways.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical treatment
related: phosphate substitute
source: WRIGHT

substrate cultivation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cultivation method

subtropical ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings in regions bordering on the tropics or the regions between tropical and temperate zones.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: DOE
source: RHW
source: TOE

bioclimatology
type: Concept
definition: The study of climate in relation to fauna and flora.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: climatology
source: LBC

suburb
type: Concept
definition: A residential district situated on the outskirts of a city or town.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: förstad @sv
broader: urban settlement
source: CAMB

sugar (product)
type: Concept
definition: A sweet crystalline or powdered substance, white when pure, consisting of sucrose obtained mainly from sugar cane and sugar beets and used in many foods, drinks, and medicines to improve their taste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sweetener
source: AMHER

sugar industry
type: Concept
definition: Establishments primarily engaged in processing raw cane sugar, sugar beets or starches to finished sucrose, glucose or fructose. By-products of this industry include beet pulp and inedible molasses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: σακχαροποιία @el
alternative label: šećerna industrija @hr
broader: food industry
source: PGE

biocoenosis
type: Concept
definition: A community or natural assemblage of organisms; often used as an alternative to ecosystem but strictly is the fauna/flora association excluding physical aspects of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: synecology
related: symbiosis
source: LBC

sulphate
type: Concept
definition: A salt or ester of sulfuric acid, widely distributed in nature and often found in the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
related match: Sulfate
source: INP

sulphide
type: Concept
definition: Any compound that includes one or more sulfur atoms with a more electropositive element, either carbon, metal or some other nonoxygen atom.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
narrower: hydrogen sulphide
related match: Sulfide
source: MHD
source: RHW

sulphur
type: Concept
notation: S
definition: A nonmetallic element existing in a crystalline or amorphous form and in four stable isotopes; used as a chemical intermediate and fungicide, and in rubber vulcanization. It is deposited from volcanic vents and fumaroles and also is found in sedimentary rocks, particularly with gypsum and limestone, and associated with salt-domes. Native sulphur is the main source of sulphur for the sulphuric acid industry, followed by sour gas (natural gas containing hydrogen sulphide) and pyrite. Sulphur is an essential plant macronutrient.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group VI
related match: Sulfur
source: ALL
source: MGH

bioconcentration factor
type: Concept
definition: The quotient of the concentration of a chemical in aquatic organisms at a specific time or during a discrete time period of exposure, divided by the concentration in the surrounding water at the same time or during the same period.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: čimbenik biokoncentracije @hr
broader: parameter
source: KOREN

sulphur concentration
type: Concept
definition: Sulphur content in a solution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: concentration (value)
source: MGH

sulphur dioxide
type: Concept
notation: SO2
definition: Emissions of the gas given off during the burning of fossil fuels in power stations and other boilers. Sulphur dioxide is created because sulphur is an impurity in most coal and oils. When the fuel is burned the hot sulphur reacts with oxygen in the atmosphere to form sulphur dioxide.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: oxide
broader: sulphur oxide
related: gaseous air pollutant
related match: Sulfur dioxide
source: WRIGHT

sulphuric acid
type: Concept
definition: A toxic, corrosive, strongly acid, colorless liquid that is miscible with water and dissolves most metals, and melts at 10C; used in industry in the manufacture of chemicals, fertilizers and explosives, and in petroleum refining.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
related match: Sulfuric acid
source: MGH

sulphur oxide
type: Concept
notation: SOx
definition: An oxide of sulphur, such as sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide; they are formed primarily from the combustion of fossil fuels; major air pollutants and cause of damage to the respiratory tract as well as vegetation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inorganic substance
narrower: sulphur dioxide
narrower: sulphur monoxide
related match: Sulfur oxide
source: KOREN
source: MGH

biodegradability
type: Concept
definition: The extent to which a substance can be decomposed - or rotted - by bacteria and fungi. Implies that residues from degradation are nontoxic. One of the most misleading claims in business, because shoppers often assume a biodegradable product to be harmless. Some harmful compounds take much longer to degrade than others and the product can harm the environment while it is rotting. Biodegradation may also be incomplete, sometimes leaving residues in the environment which are more harmful than the original substance. Accumulation in the environment of nonbiodegradable (or poorly biodegradable) substances, such as some biocides, can cause serious problems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βιοαποδομησιμότητα @el
alternative label: biologisk nedbrytbarhet @sv
alternative label: biologisk nedbrytning @sv
broader: degradability
related: biodegradable pollutant
related: compostable waste
related match: Biodegradation
source: VCN

supervision of building works
type: Concept
definition: The oversight or direction in the construction and maintenance of houses, facilities, offices and other structures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nadzor nad građevinskim radovima @hr
broader: industrial policy
narrower: supervision of installation
source: RHW

supervision of installation
type: Concept
definition: The oversight or direction over the process of setting up or making adjustments to a building or to a mechanical or electrical system or apparatus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nadzor instalacija @hr
broader: supervision of building works
source: OED

supervisory body
type: Concept
definition: An appointed or official group given the responsibility of overseeing or managing normal work operations, special projects or other functions of an organization or agency.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: organo gainbegirale
alternative label: nadzorno tijelo @hr
broader: administrative organisation
source: RHW

supply (trade)
type: Concept
definition: The willingness and ability to sell a range of quantities of a good at a range of prices, during a given time period. Supply is one half of the market exchange process; the other is demand.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: προμήθεια @el
alternative label: παροχή @el
alternative label: opskrba (trgovina) @hr
broader: supply and demand
source: AMOS2

surface-active agent
type: Concept
definition: A substance that, when used in small quantities, modifies the surface properties of liquids or solids. A surface-active agent reduces surface tension in a fluid or the interfacial tension between two immiscible fluids, such as oil and water. Surfactants are particularly useful in accomplishing the wetting or penetration of solids by aqueous liquids and serve in the manner of detergent, emulsifying, or dispersing agents. They are more effective than soap in certain situations and are used by conservators for such purposes as cleaning, wetting, and dispersing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τασιενεργό (προϊόν) @el
alternative label: surfaktante
broader: industrial product
related: detergent
source: PALIM

surface runoff
type: Concept
definition: Water that travels over the soil surface to the nearest surface stream; runoff of a drainage basin that has not passed beneath the surface since precipitation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: runoff
source: BJGEO

surface tension
type: Concept
definition: The force acting on the surface of a liquid, tending to minimize the area of the surface; quantitatively, the force that appears to act across a line of unit length on the surface. Also known as interfacial force; interfacial tension; surface intensity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
source: MGH

surface treatment
type: Concept
definition: Any method of treating a material (metal, polymer, or wood) so as to alter the surface, rendering it receptive to inks, paints, lacquers, adhesives, and various other treatments, or resistant to weather or chemical attack.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related match: Surface finishing
source: MGH

surface water
type: Concept
definition: All waters on the surface of the Earth found in streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, marshes or wetlands, and as ice and snow.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lur gaineko ur
alternative label: pintakosteus @fi
alternative label: veden pintakerros @fi
alternative label: površinska voda @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9232
narrower: thermal water
narrower: freshwater
narrower: inland water
narrower: salt water
narrower: seepage water
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/984
narrower: drainage water
source: BJGEO
source: LANDY

biodegradable pollutant
type: Concept
definition: A pollutant which can be converted by biological processes into simple inorganic molecules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βιοαποδομήσιμος ρύπος @el
alternative label: poluitzaile biodegradagarri
broader: pollutant
related: biodegradability
source: RRDA

surgical waste
type: Concept
definition: Any tissue, blood or mucus removed during surgery or autopsy, soiled surgical dressings, or other materials requiring special disposal procedures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hospital waste
source: UMT

surplus
type: Concept
definition: The extent to which assets exceed liabilities, especially the profits remaining after operating expenses, taxes, interest and insurance costs are subtracted.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: supply and demand
source: IVW

surveillance
type: Concept
definition: System that permits the continuous observation, measurement and evaluation of the progress of a process or phenomenon with the view to taking corrective measures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επαγρύπνηση @el
alternative label: zaintze
alternative label: zaintza
alternative label: bevakning @sv
alternative label: kontroll @sv
broader: legal procedure
source: GUNN

survey
type: Concept
definition: A critical examination of facts or conditions to provide information on a situation. Usually conducted by interviews and/or on-site visitations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μελέτη @el
alternative label: εξέταση @el
alternative label: επιθεώρηση @el
alternative label: galdeketa
alternative label: maanmittaus @fi
alternative label: kartoittaa @fi
alternative label: istraživanje @hr
alternative label: pregled @hr
alternative label: 勘察 @zh-cn
broader: monitoring technique
narrower: public inquiry
narrower: sociological survey
narrower: social survey
narrower: opinion survey
source: LANDY

sustainable development
type: Concept
definition: Development that provides economic, social and environmental benefits in the long term having regard to the needs of living and future generations. Defined by the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987 as: development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental development
narrower: principle of sustainability
source: GILP96

sustainable development indicator
type: Concept
definition: Statistical indicators used for measuring sustainable development that may be chosen among a wide range of themes as, for example, environmental capacity and quality of life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: indicator
source: PORT

sustainable use
type: Concept
definition: Use of the environment and its living resources at a rate that does not exceed its capacity for renewal in order to ensure its availability for future generations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: održivo korištenje @hr
alternative label: ständigt bruk @sv
broader: resource exploitation
related match: Sustainability
source: DUNSTE
source: UNUN

marsh
type: Concept
definition: An periodically inundated area of low ground having shrubs and trees, with or without the formation of peat.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: istinga
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
narrower: salt marsh
source: BJGEO

sweetener
type: Concept
definition: A sweetening agent, especially one that does not contain sugar.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gozagarri
alternative label: vaahdotuskemikaali @fi
broader: foodstuff
narrower: sugar (product)
related match: Sugar substitute
source: CED

symbiosis
type: Concept
definition: A close and mutually beneficial association of organisms of different species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: autoecology
related: biocoenosis
related: mycorrhiza
source: ALL

biodegradation
type: Concept
definition: Breaking down of a substance by microorganisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical process
broader: degradation
related: biological waste treatment
related: mineralisation
source: MGH

synecology
type: Concept
definition: Study of the ecology of organisms, populations, communities or systems.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecology
narrower: shelter
narrower: ecosystem
narrower: habitat
narrower: ecotype
narrower: population (ecological)
narrower: biocoenosis
narrower: food chain
narrower: biotope
narrower: ecological adaptation
narrower: ecological community
narrower: specialisation (biological)
related match: Community (ecology)
source: LBC

synergism
type: Concept
definition: An ecological association in which the physiological processes of behaviour of an individual are enhanced by the nearby presence of another organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συνεργία @el
alternative label: sinergismo
alternative label: samverkan @sv
broader: chemical property
related: synergistic effect of toxic substances
related: combination effect
related match: Synergy
source: MGH

synergistic effect of toxic substances
type: Concept
definition: 1) A state in which the combined effect of two or more substances is greater than the sum of the separate effects. 2) An effect whereby two toxic substance together have more of an impact than anticipated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological effect of pollution
related: synergism
source: GILP96
source: PORT

synthetic detergent
type: Concept
definition: An artificially produced solid or liquid cleansing substance that acts like soap but is stronger, and is capable of dissolving oily materials and dispersing them in water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: detergent
source: DOE
source: RIC

synthetic fibres industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry

biodiversity
type: Concept
definition: 1) Genetic diversity: the variation between individuals and between populations within a species; species diversity: the different types of plants, animals and other life forms within a region; community or ecosystem diversity: the variety of habitats found within an area (grassland, marsh, and woodland for instance. 2) An umbrella term to describe collectively the variety and variability of nature. It encompasses three basic levels of organisation in living systems: the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. Plant and animal species are the most commonly recognized units of biological diversity, thus public concern has been mainly devoted to conserving species diversity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: bioraznolikost @hr
alternative label: biologisk diversitet @sv
alternative label: biodiversitet @sv
broader: ecological parameter
related: genetic diversity
source: GILP96
source: WRES

synthetic material
type: Concept
definition: Material made artificially by chemical reaction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: syntetmaterial @sv
broader: industrial product
related: resin
related match: Synthetic fiber
source: CED

synthetic materials industry
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry

synthetic textile fibre
type: Concept
definition: An artificially produced filament or threadlike strand used by manufacturers to produce clothes or other goods that require weaving, knitting or felting, including polyester, nylon, rayon and other similar material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fibre
source: INP
source: RHW

systems analysis
type: Concept
definition: A means of organizing elements into an integrated analytic and/or decisionmaking procedure to achieve the best possible results.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mathematical analysis
source: LANDY

systems comparison
type: Concept
definition: Analysis or estimate noting similarities and differences in the operations of businesses and organizations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sistema-alderaketa
alternative label: usporedba sustava @hr
broader: economic analysis
source: ISEP
source: OED

systems theory
type: Concept
definition: The science concerned with the general study of structures and behaviours of systems which may be applicable in different branches of learning.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic theory
narrower: sensitivity analysis
source: ECHO2

taking of evidence
type: Concept
definition: In criminal law and torts, the act of laying hold upon an evidence, with or without removing the same.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: judicial system

tanker (truck)
type: Concept
definition: A truck designed for bulk shipment of liquids or gases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: cisterna @sk
broader: lorry

tanker (ship)
type: Concept
definition: A ship designed for bulk shipment of liquids or gases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πετρελαιοφόρο (πλοίο) @el
alternative label: tankfartyg @sv
broader: ship
narrower: oil tanker
narrower: tween-deck tanker

tank farm
type: Concept
definition: Storage space for containers of liquids or gases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: depositu-multzo
alternative label: andel-multzo
alternative label: skladište tekućina i plinova @hr
broader: industrial plant (building)
source: RRDA

tannin
type: Concept
definition: One of a group of complex organic chemicals commonly found in leaves, unripe fruits, and the bark of trees. Their function is uncertain though the unpleasant taste may discourage grazing animals. Some tannins have commercial uses, notably in the production of leather and ink; used in tanning, as a mordant in dyeing, and in ink manufacture.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garvsyra @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9358
related: biochemical substance
source: DICCHE
source: UVAROV

tar
type: Concept
definition: A viscous material composed of complex, high-molecular-weight, compounds derived from the distillation of petroleum or the destructive distillation of wood or coal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: naslika
alternative label: alkaterna
broader: building material
source: MGH

target group
type: Concept
definition: A collection of people selected and approached by some entity for a variety of purposes, including assistance, recruitment, information dissemination, marketing and research.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: social group
narrower: public
related match: Target audience
source: RHW

adaptation period
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: περίοδος προσαρμογής @el
alternative label: moldaera-aldi
broader: judicial system

bioethics
type: Concept
definition: The study of ethical problems arising from biological research and its applications in such fields as organ transplantation, genetic engineering, or artificial insemination.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ethics
source: CED

tariff
type: Concept
definition: A classified list or scale of charges made in any private or public business.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arantzel
alternative label: maksutaulukko @fi
alternative label: tullimaksu @fi
alternative label: carinska tarifa @hr
alternative label: carina @hr
alternative label: taxa @sv
broader: price
narrower: customs tariff
source: OED

tar production
type: Concept
definition: The manufacture of dark, heavy, viscous substances or residue, which is obtained by the distillation of organic materials such as coal, wood and petroleum.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mundrun-ekoizpen
broader: industrial process
source: ENC

tar sand
type: Concept
definition: A sandstone in which hydrocarbons have been trapped; the lighter compounds evaporate, leaving a residue of asphalt in the rock pores.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mundrun-harea
broader: mineral deposit
related match: Oil sands
source: CED

tar use
type: Concept
definition: Any employment or utilization of dark, heavy, viscous substances or residue derived from the distillation of certain organic materials, often to produce benzene, soap, dyes, cosmetics and other products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related: road construction
source: ENC

tax
type: Concept
definition: An amount of money demanded by a government for its support or for specific facilities or services, most frequently levied upon income, property or sales.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τέλος @el
broader: taxation
narrower: tax on capital
narrower: income tax
narrower: excise
narrower: tax on consumption
source: RHW

taxation
type: Concept
definition: The act or result of a government requiring money for its support or for specific facilities or services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: φορολόγηση @el
alternative label: taxering @sv
broader: finances
narrower: taxation policy
narrower: tax
narrower: levy
narrower: royalty
narrower: tax system
related match: Tax
source: RHW

tax differentiation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: taxation policy

tax law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government stipulating the sum of money and manner of collection it demands for governmental support, facilities and services, usually levied upon income, property, sales or other financial resources.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zuzenbide fiskal
broader: financial law
source: BLD
source: RHW

taxonomy
type: Concept
definition: The branch of biology concerned with the classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structures, origin, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ταξινόμηση @el
broader: life science
source: CED

teaching
type: Concept
definition: The act of imparting knowledge or skill.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: nastava @hr
broader: didactics
narrower: environmental teaching
narrower: organisation of teaching
narrower: teaching method
related match: Education
source: RRDA

biogas
type: Concept
definition: Gas, rich in methane, which is produced by the fermentation of animal dung, human sewage or crop residues in an air-tight container. It is used as a fuel, to heat stoves, lamps, run small machines and to generate electricity. The residues of biogas production are used as a low-grade organic fertilizer. Biogas fuels do not usually cause any pollution to the atmosphere, and because they come from renewable energy resources they have great potential for future use.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αέριο από τη ζύμωση αποβλήτων @el
broader: biofuel
related: methane
source: WRIGHT

teaching method
type: Concept
definition: A procedure, technique or system with definite plans for instruction or imparting knowledge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: irakasteko metodo
alternative label: metoda poučavanja @hr
broader: teaching
source: RHW

technical regulation for dangerous substances
type: Concept
definition: Technical Guideline for Dangerous Substances: technical rules for handling dangerous materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: standard
source: FKT

biogeochemical cycle
type: Concept
definition: Movement of chemical elements in a circular pathway, from organisms to physical environment, back to organisms. The process is termed a nutrient cycle if the elements concerned are trace elements, which are essential to life. A biogeochemical cycle occurs when vegetation decomposes and minerals are incorporated naturally in the humus for future plant growth.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological parameter
narrower: nitrogen cycle
narrower: bioaccumulation
narrower: carbon cycle
narrower: nutrient cycle
source: WRIGHT

technological change
type: Concept
definition: Changing of industrial methods by introducing new technology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aldaketa teknologiko
broader: technology
narrower: technology transfer
narrower: new technology
narrower: technological development
source: PHC

technological development
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: garapen teknologiko
broader: technological change
related match: Technology development

technological hazard
type: Concept
definition: Any application of practical or mechanical sciences to industry or commerce capable of harming persons, property or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tehnološka opasnost @hr
broader: risk
broader: hazard
narrower: biotechnological hazard
related: major risk installation
related: technological accident
source: FFD
source: ISEP

technological process
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
related: industrial process

technology
type: Concept
definition: Systematic knowledge of and its application to industrial processes; closely related to engineering and science.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: teknologi @sv
narrower: construction technology
narrower: end-of-pipe technology
narrower: plasma technology
narrower: technological change
narrower: energy technology
narrower: biotechnology
narrower: technological process
narrower: food technology
narrower: environmental technology
narrower: information technology
narrower: process technology
related: selection of technology
related: evaluation of technology
source: MGH

biogeochemistry
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemistry

technology acceptance
type: Concept
definition: The approval, favorable reception and ongoing use of newly introduced devices and systems, usually developed from recent advances in the engineering sciences or industrial arts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: teknikgodkännande @sv
broader: social-minded behaviour
source: RHW

technology assessment
type: Concept
definition: The systematic analysis of the anticipated impact of a particular technology in regard to its safety and efficacy as well as its social, political, economic, and ethical consequences.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment
related: risk assessment
source: KOREN

technology transfer
type: Concept
definition: The transfer of development and design work: a) from a parent company to a subsidiary, perhaps in another nation where it will be paid for in repatriated profits or royalties; b) from one country to another as a form of aid to help promote development and sustainable growth. Many nations have made great progress on the strength of technology transfer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: transfera tehnologije @hr
alternative label: prijenos tehnologije @hr
broader: technological change
source: GILP96

tectonics
type: Concept
definition: A branch of geology dealing with the broad architecture of the outer part of the Earth, that is, the regional assembling of structural or deformation features, a study of their mutual relations, origin and historical evolution.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: byggnadskonst @sv
broader: geology
source: BJGEO

telecommunications
type: Concept
definition: The conveyance of images, speech and other sounds, usually over great distances, through technological means, particularly by television, telegraph, telephone or radio.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: communications
related match: Telecommunication
source: RHW

biogeographical region
type: Concept
definition: Area of the Earth's surface defined by the species of fauna and flora it contains.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land
related match: Terrestrial ecozone
source: ALL

telematics
type: Concept
definition: The convergence of computing and communications technologies, thus the use of telephone or radio to link computers and the use of computers to send messages via telephone or radio links.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public service
source: NECTAR

telemetry
type: Concept
definition: The use of radio waves, telephone lines, etc., to transmit the readings of measuring instruments to a device on which the readings can be indicated or recorded.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: avståndsmätning @sv
broader: methodology
narrower: remote sensing
related: monitoring
source: CED

television
type: Concept
definition: The process, equipment or programming involved in converting a succession of audiovisual images into corresponding electrical signals that are transmitted by means of electromagnetic waves to distant receivers or screens, at which the signals can be used to reproduce the original image.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mass media
narrower: television programme
source: MHD

biogeography
type: Concept
definition: The science concerned with the geographical distribution of animal and plant life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geography
source: MGH

temperate ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings in regions of or related to moderate climates, intermediate between tropical and polar zones and having distinct warm to hot summer seasons and cool to cold winter seasons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: DOE
source: TOE

temperate forest
type: Concept
definition: Mixed forest of conifers and broad-leaf deciduous trees, or mixed conifer and broad-leaf evergreen trees, or entirely broad-leaf deciduous, or entirely broad-leaf evergreen trees, found in temperate regions across the world; characterized by high rainfall, warm summers, cold winters occasionally subzero, seasonality; typically with dense canopies, understorey saplings and tall shrubs, large animals, carnivores dominant, very rich in bird species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan epel
broader: forest
narrower: Mediterranean forest
related: temperate woodland
source: LBC

temperate woodland
type: Concept
definition: Forest dominated by broad-leaved hardwoods, which occurs over large tracts in the mid-latitudes of Europe, N. America, and eastern Asia, but which is restricted in the southern hemisphere to Chilean Patagonia.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: oihan epel
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9349
related: temperate forest
related match: Woodland
source: ALL2

temperature
type: Concept
definition: A property that determines the direction of heat flow when an object is brought into thermal contact with other objects: heat flows from regions of higher to those of lower temperatures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical property
source: PITT

temporary housing
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: housing

temporary shelter
type: Concept
definition: Simple facilities for asylum or provisional lodgings to individuals or groups in emergencies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transitional settlement
source: ECHO2

temporary storage
type: Concept
definition: Any deposit or holdings of goods, materials or waste in a facility, container, tank or some other physical location for a brief or short time period.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: storage (process)
source: RHW

teratogenesis
type: Concept
definition: The process whereby abnormalities of the offspring are generated, usually as the result of damage to the embryonal structure during the first trimester of pregnancy, producing deformity of the fetus.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τερατογένεση @el
broader: pathologic effect
related match: Teratology
source: CONFER

teratogenesis screening
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: public health
related: preventive health measure

teratogenicity
type: Concept
definition: The ability or tendency to produce anomalies of formation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: teratogeničnost @hr
alternative label: 致畸性 @zh-cn
broader: health hazard
related match: Teratology

teratogen
type: Concept
definition: Substances causing formation of a congenital anomaly or monstrosity in the embryo.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disease cause
related match: Teratology
source: MGH

terminology
type: Concept
definition: The body of specialized words relating to a particular subject.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: information
narrower: environmental terminology
narrower: nomenclature
source: CED

termite
type: Concept
definition: A soft-bodied insect of the order Isoptera; individuals feed on cellulose and live in colonies with a caste system comprising three types of functional individuals: sterile workers and soldiers, and the reproductives. Also known as white ant.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: insect
source: MGH

terrestrial area
type: Concept
definition: Subdivisions of the continental surfaces distinguished from one another on the basis of the form, roughness, and surface composition of the land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural area
narrower: hydrographic basin
narrower: volcanic area
narrower: mountainous area
narrower: glacier
narrower: grassland
narrower: garrigue
narrower: marginal land
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9297
narrower: forest
narrower: tundra
narrower: arid land
narrower: plain
narrower: brushwood
narrower: karst
narrower: sand flat
narrower: heathland
narrower: lake basin
source: PARCOR

terrestrial biological resource
type: Concept
definition: Any source of supply derived from plants, animals or other wildlife inhabiting land or ground, which may be used by humans for food, clothes and other necessities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological resource
source: RHW

terrestrial ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Any terrestrial environment, from small to large, in which plants and animals interact with the chemical and physical features of the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekosistema lehortar
broader: ecosystem type
narrower: highland ecosystem
narrower: microecosystem
narrower: mountain ecosystem
narrower: semi-arid land ecosystem
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9298
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9353
narrower: polar ecosystem
narrower: cold zone ecosystem
narrower: urban ecosystem
narrower: temperate ecosystem
narrower: arid land ecosystem
narrower: grassland ecosystem
narrower: subtropical ecosystem
narrower: tropical ecosystem
narrower: island ecosystem
narrower: forest ecosystem
related: terrestrial environment
source: GILP96

biological activity
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological process

territorial policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government, business or some other organization, which determines the present and future use of each parcel of land in an area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
narrower: economic region
source: DOE

chemical addition
type: Concept
definition: Chemical reaction in which one or more of the double bonds or triple bonds in an unsaturated compound is converted to a single bond by the addition of other atoms or groups.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tillökning @sv
broader: chemical reaction
source: UVAROV

territory
type: Concept
definition: An area that an animal or group of animals defends, mainly against members of the same species.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έδαφος @el
alternative label: περιοχή @el
alternative label: područje @hr
alternative label: område @sv
alternative label: land @sv
broader: autoecology
source: ALL

tertiary sector
type: Concept
definition: The part of a country or region's economy that produces services or assets lacking a tangible and storable form.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: usluge @hr
alternative label: tjänstesektor @sv
broader: economic sector
related match: Tertiary sector of the economy
source: ODE

test
type: Concept
definition: To carry out an examination on (a substance, material, or system) by applying some chemical or physical procedure designed to indicate the presence of a substance or the possession of a property.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: έλεγχος @el
alternative label: δοκιμή @el
alternative label: ispitivanje @hr
alternative label: försök @sv
broader: experiment
narrower: assay
narrower: comparative test
narrower: Ames test
narrower: testing method
narrower: biological test
narrower: carcinogenicity test
narrower: laboratory test
narrower: nuclear test
source: CED

test animal
type: Concept
definition: Animals on which experiments are conducted in order to provide evidence for or against a scientific hypothesis, or to prove the efficacy of drugs or the reaction to certain products.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: test-animalia
broader: test organism
source: CED

biological analysis
type: Concept
definition: The analysis of a substance in order to ascertain its influence on living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: analysis
narrower: microbiological analysis
related: biological monitoring
source: PHC

testing guideline
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: saiakuntza-eredu
broader: parameter
related: testing method

testing method
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: proba-metodo
broader: test
narrower: testing of plant protection products
narrower: testing of chemicals
narrower: random test
narrower: testing of materials
narrower: toxicological testing
narrower: interlaboratory comparison
narrower: calibration
narrower: mutagenicity testing
narrower: rapid test
related: testing guideline

test organism
type: Concept
definition: Any animal organism used for scientific research.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: saiakuntza-organismo
broader: organism
narrower: test animal
source: DELFIN

biological attribute
type: Concept
definition: Properties or features belonging to living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biološka značajka @hr
alternative label: biološki atribut @hr
broader: ecological parameter
source: CED

textile industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry for the production of fabrics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
source: MGH

textile
type: Concept
definition: A material made of natural or man-made fibers and used for the manufacture of items such as clothing and furniture fittings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vävnad @sv
broader: industrial product
narrower: fabric
source: MGH

thallium
type: Concept
notation: Tl
definition: Bluish-white metal with tinlike malleability, but a little softer; used in alloys.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group III
source: MGH

theory of money
type: Concept
definition: A coherent group of general propositions about the supply and demand of money, interest rates, the flow of money's influence on the overall economy or the policies that should be adopted by institutions controlling the money supply.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: monetary economics
source: MGHME
source: ODE

theory of the welfare state
type: Concept
definition: A political conception of government in a capitalist economy where the state is responsible for insuring that all members of society attain a minimum standard of living through redistribution of resources, progressive taxation and universal social programs, including health care and education.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sociopolitical aspect
source: APS

therapy
type: Concept
definition: The treatment of physical, mental or social disorders or disease.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αγωγή @el
alternative label: αντιμετώπιση @el
broader: health care
source: CED

thermal insulation
type: Concept
definition: The process of preventing the passage of heat to or from a body by surrounding it with a nonconducting material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: θερμομόνωση @el
alternative label: bero-isolamendu
broader: thermal treatment
related: insulation (process)
related: heat storage
source: CED

thermal pollution
type: Concept
definition: The excessive raising or lowering of water temperature above or below normal seasonal ranges in streams, lakes, or estuaries or oceans as the result of discharge of hot or cold effluents into such water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluzio termiko
alternative label: kutsadura termiko
alternative label: bero-kutsadura
broader: physical pollution
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9085
source: LANDY
source: WPR

thermal power plant
type: Concept
definition: A power-generating plant which uses heat to produce energy. Such plants may burn fossil fuels or use nuclear energy to produce the necessary thermal energy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zentral termoelektriko
broader: electric power plant
related match: Thermal power station
source: LANDY

thermal sea power
type: Concept
definition: The concept of utilizing the temperature differences of 20°C or more that occur between the surface of an ocean and its depths to achieve a continuous supply of power; this temperature difference may be found in the tropical regions of the world. Various small plants have been constructed to demonstrate the principle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsas energia termiko
broader: non-conventional energy
source: GILP96

thermal treatment
type: Concept
definition: 1) Heating and cooling a metal or alloy to obtain desired properties or conditions. 2) Treatment of hazardous waste in a device which uses elevated temperatures as the primary means to change the chemical, physical, or biological character or composition of the hazardous waste. Examples of thermal treatment processes are incineration, molten salt, pyrolysis, calcination, wet air oxidation, and microwave discharge.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: 热加工 @zh-cn
broader: physical treatment
narrower: thermoselect process
narrower: thermal insulation
related: sintering
source: LEE
source: MGH

thermal water
type: Concept
definition: Water, generally of a spring or geyser, whose temperature is appreciably above the local mean annual air temperature.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: surface water
source: BJGEO

thermodynamics
type: Concept
definition: The branch of physics which seeks to derive, from a few basic postulates, relationships between properties of matter, especially those connected with temperature, and a description of the conversion of energy from one form to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical science
source: MGH

thermoselect process
type: Concept
definition: Trade-Mark-Name for a thermic waste processing technology. Gasification is emerging as an alternative to combustion in the treatment and energy recovery from Municipal Solid Waste. Several innovative processes and demonstration plants are trying to achieve higher electrical efficiencies and lower emissions using this technology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
scope note: Trade mark for a thermic waste processing technology <D> @en
broader: thermal treatment
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
source: ENSDK

thesaurus
type: Concept
definition: A compilation of terms showing synonyms, related terms and other relationships and dependencies, often used in a book format or as a standardized, controlled vocabulary for an information storage and retrieval system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: synonyymisanakirja @fi
alternative label: rječnik sinonima @hr
alternative label: tezaurus @hr
broader: document type
source: CCL

biological development
type: Concept
definition: The action of growing of living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological process
narrower: age
related match: Developmental biology
source: RRDA

threshold value
type: Concept
definition: The maximum concentration of a particular substance to which a worker should be exposed in a given period of time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τιμή κατωφλίου @el
broader: parameter
source: BRACK

tidal power
type: Concept
definition: Mechanical power, which may be converted to electrical power, generated by the rise and fall of ocean tides. The possibilities of utilizing tidal power have been studied for many generations, but the only feasible schemes devised so far are based on the use of one or more tidal basins, separated from the sea by dams (known as barrages), and of hydraulic turbines through which water passes on its way between the basins and the sea.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tidvattenkraft @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9259
source: ALL

tidal water
type: Concept
definition: Any water whose level changes periodically due to tidal action.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: salt water
narrower: high tide water
related: tide
source: MGH

tide
type: Concept
definition: The periodic rise and fall of the water resulting from gravitational interaction between the sun, moon and earth. In each lunar day of 24 hours and 49 minutes there are two high tides and two low tides.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: itsasaldi
alternative label: ebb och flod @sv
broader: sea level
related: intertidal zone
related: tidal water
source: LANDY

timber industry
type: Concept
definition: Industry related with timber harvesting and processing.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: egurraren industria
broader: industry
narrower: pulp industry
narrower: cellulose industry
related: forest exploitation
related match: Logging
source: RRDA

time
type: Concept
definition: 1) The dimension of the physical universe which, at a given place, orders the sequence of events. 2) A designated instant in this sequence, as the time of day. Also known as epoch.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ώρα @el
alternative label: φορά @el
alternative label: χρονικό διάστημα @el
alternative label: καιρός @el
broader: parameter
related: biorhythm
source: MGH

biological effect
type: Concept
definition: Biological effects include allergic reactions, respiratory disorders, hypersensitivity diseases and infectious diseases and can be caused by a variety of contaminants and pollutants.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βιολογική επίπτωση @el
alternative label: ondorio biologiko
alternative label: biološka posljedica @hr
alternative label: biološki efekt @hr
broader: effect
narrower: biological effect of pollution
narrower: genetic effect
narrower: effect on health
related: environmentally related disease
related: pathologic effect
related: NOEL
source: RRDA

tin (element)
type: Concept
definition: A metallic element, occurring in cassiterite, that has several allotropes; the ordinary malleable silvery-white metal slowly changes below 13.2°C to a grey powder. It is used extensively in alloys, especially bronze and pewter, and as a noncorroding coating for steel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: element of group IV
related: heavy metal
related match: Tin
source: CED

tissue
type: Concept
definition: A part of an organism consisting of a large number of cells having a similar structure and function.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kudos @fi
alternative label: silkkipaperi @fi
alternative label: tyg @sv
alternative label: väv @sv
broader: anatomy
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/935
narrower: membrane
narrower: genetic information
source: CED

titanium
type: Concept
definition: A strong malleable white metallic element, which is very corrosion-resistant and occurs in rutile and ilmenite. It is used in the manufacture of strong lightweight alloys, especially aircraft parts.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
source: CED

titanium dioxide
type: Concept
definition: A white, water-insoluble powder that melts at 1560°C, and which is produced commercially from the titanium dioxide minerals ilmenite and rutile; used in paints and cosmetics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: oxide
broader: metal oxide
source: MGH

toad
type: Concept
definition: Any anuran amphibian of the class Bufonidae, such as Bufo bufo of Europe. They are similar to frogs but are more terrestrial, having a drier warty skin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: krastave žabe (Bufonidae) @hr
broader: amphibian
source: CED

tobacco
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: flowering plant

tobacco smoke
type: Concept
definition: The grey, brown, or blackish mixture of gases and suspended carbon particles resulting from the combustion of tobacco. Tobacco smoke is inhaled and distributes toxins widely throughout the body and causes an enormous variety of illness among users and among non-smokers exposed to tobacco smoke.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: smoke
related: smoke prevention
related match: Tobacco smoking

biological engineering
type: Concept
definition: The application of engineering principles and techniques to living organisms. It is largely concerned with the design of replacement body parts, such as limbs, heart valves, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biološki inženjering @hr
alternative label: biološko inženjerstvo @hr
broader: biotechnology
source: UVAROV

tornado
type: Concept
definition: A rapidly rotating column of air developed around a very intense low-pressure centre. It is associated with a dark funnel-shaped cloud and with extremely violent winds (>300km/h) blowing in a counterclockwise spiral, but accompanied by violent downdraughts. The precise mechanisms are not fully understood but the following atmospheric conditions appear to be necessary for tornado development: a layer of warm moist air at low altitude; a layer of dry air at higher altitude with an inversion of temperature at about 1.000 m; a triggering mechanism, usually in the form of an active, intense cold front or solar heating of the ground which will create a vortex.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: virvelstorm @sv
broader: meteorological phenomenon
related: meteorological disaster
source: WHIT

tortoise
type: Concept
definition: Any herbivorous terrestrial chelonian reptile of the family Testudinidae, of most warm regions, having a heavy dome-shaped shell and clawed limbs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: reptile
source: CED

total parameter
type: Concept
definition: The sum of parameters that must be taken into account when assessing water quality (organoleptic factors, physico-chemical factors, toxic substances, microbiological parameters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: parameter
source: RRDA

tourism
type: Concept
definition: The temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places or work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations and the facilities created to cater for their needs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: ecotourism
narrower: agritourism
related: touristic activity management
related: travel
related: environmental impact of tourism
related: tourist attendance
related: tourist facility
related: touristic zone
related: land use
related: traffic
source: GOOD

tourist facility
type: Concept
definition: All the services connected with tourism, especially when regarded as an industry.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: infrastructure
narrower: touristic unit
narrower: country lodge
narrower: mountain refuge
narrower: seaside resort
narrower: camping site
narrower: camp
narrower: winter sports resort
narrower: amusement park
narrower: mountain resort
related: tourism
source: CED

touristic zone
type: Concept
definition: Any section of a region which attracts travelers, often because of its scenery, objects of interest or recreational activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: turismo-gune
alternative label: turističko područje @hr
broader: recreational area
related: tourism
source: OED

toxic effect
type: Concept
definition: A result produced by the ingestion or contact of poisonous materials.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human disease
related match: Toxicity
source: RRDA

toxicity
type: Concept
definition: The degree of danger posed by a substance to animal or plant life.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: otrovnost @hr
alternative label: toxicitet @sv
broader: health hazard
narrower: ecotoxicity
narrower: fish toxicity
narrower: neurotoxicity
narrower: phytotoxicity
narrower: cytotoxicity
narrower: toxicity of pesticides
narrower: genotoxicity
related: poisoning
related: toxicological assessment
related: toxic pollution
source: LANDY

toxicity of pesticides
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxicity

toxic metal
type: Concept
definition: Metals (usually heavy metals) which interfere with the respiration, metabolism or growth of organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxic substance
related: metal
source: EPAGLO

toxicological assessment
type: Concept
definition: The process of characterizing and evaluating the inherent toxicity of a chemical substance, a poison, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment
narrower: ecotoxicological evaluation
related: toxicity
source: KOREN

toxicological testing
type: Concept
definition: Test for the determination of the inherent toxicity of a chemical.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: test toxikologiko
broader: testing method
source: KOREN

toxicology
type: Concept
definition: A science that deals with poisons, their actions, their detection, and the treatment of the conditions they produce.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medical science
narrower: ecotoxicology
source: LANDY

toxic product
type: Concept
definition: Any product which can cause acute or chronic injury to the human body or which is suspected of being able to cause disease or injury under some conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: toxic substance
source: KOREN

toxic substance
type: Concept
definition: A chemical or mixture that may present a risk or injury to health or the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: environmentally harmful or toxic substance @en
alternative label: substantzia toxiko
hidden label: environmentally harmful or toxic substances @en
broader: properties of materials
narrower: toxic product
narrower: toxic metal
related: poison
related match: Toxicity
source: LANDY

toxic waste
type: Concept
definition: Refuse posing a significant hazard to the environment or to human health when improperly handled; includes carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic or phytotoxic wastes, or wastes harmful to aquatic species, or poisonous wastes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
source: DEE
source: HMD

toxin
type: Concept
definition: A poisonous substance generally of plant or animal origin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: disease cause
source: LANDY

trace element
type: Concept
definition: Any of various chemical elements that occur in very small amounts in organisms and are essential for many physiological and biochemical processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical
source: CED

trace material
type: Concept
definition: 1) Both metals and non-metals, essential for the metabolic processes of algae, invertebrates and vertebrates. Organisms that derive nearly all their energy via photosynthesis are especially dependent upon dissolved trace substances. 2) Impurities that are present at small but detectable levels.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: properties of materials
source: GEMAIR
source: NATURE

tracheophyte
type: Concept
definition: A large group of plants characterized by the presence of specialized conducting tissues (xylem and phloem) in the roots, stems, and leaves.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cryptogam
narrower: fern
related match: Vascular plant
source: MGH

biological indicator
type: Concept
definition: A species or organism that is used to grade environmental quality or change.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: adierazle biologiko
alternative label: biološki indikator @hr
broader: indicator
related: biomarker
related match: Bioindicator
source: ALL

tracking plan
type: Concept
definition: A formulated or systematic method for following or tracing environmentally related issues or concerns.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: spårprogram @sv
broader: plan
source: OED

trade (services)
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of buying, selling or exchanging goods and services at either wholesale or retail, within a country or between countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ammatti, elinkeino @fi
narrower: food commerce
narrower: furriery
narrower: animal trade
narrower: manufacturing trade
narrower: plant trade
narrower: distributive trade
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9308
narrower: free trade
narrower: foreign trade
narrower: retail trade
narrower: stocktaking
narrower: consultancy
narrower: domestic trade
related: commercial noise
related: commercial traffic
related: trade impact on environment
related: commercial law
related: merchant shipping
source: RHW

tradeable permit
type: Concept
definition: Tradable emissions permits are used in an environmental regulatory scheme where the sources of the pollutant to be regulated (most often an air pollutant) are given permits to release a specified number of tons of the pollutant. The government issues only a limited number of permits consistent with the desired level of emissions. The owners of the permits may keep them and release the pollutants, or reduce their emissions and sell the permits. The fact that the permits have value as an item to be sold gives the owner an incentive to reduce their emissions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: emisijska dozvola @hr
broader: permission
related: environmental economy issue
source: WEATHE

trade and consumption
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of buying, selling, or exchanging commodities and the use of goods and services.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economy
source: ISEP

trade barrier
type: Concept
definition: An artificial restraint on the free exchange of goods and services between nations. The most common types of trade barriers are tariffs, quotas, and exchange control. Such obstacles to trade are usually imposed by a country that wishes to protect domestic products in their home market against foreign competition, better its terms of trade, reduce domestic unemployment, or improve its balance-of-payments position. The raising of trade barriers by one country often provokes other nations position. Generally, the effect of a trade barrier is to reduce the volume of trade while increasing the domestic price of the protected good. Thus, it results in a relatively inefficient allocation of world resources and reduces the level of total world income and production.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: barrera komertzial
alternative label: trgovinsko ograničenje @hr
alternative label: prepreka trgovini @hr
alternative label: trgovinska zapreka @hr
broader: trade restriction
source: GREENW

trade (economic)
type: Concept
definition: The act or the business of buying and selling for money. Mercantile or commercial business in general or the buying and selling, or exchanging, of commodities, either by wholesale or retail within a country or between countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: salerosketa
alternative label: trgovanje (ekonomija) @hr
broader: commercial transaction
source: WESTS

trade impact on environment
type: Concept
definition: Trade impacts on the environment can be direct, such as trade of endangered species, of natural resources, of natural products such as tropical timber, etc., or indirect, such as deforestation, loss of habitats, pollution from mining, from energy production, oil spills, global warming, etc., increases in transport infrastructures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: merkataritzaren ingurugiro-inpaktu
broader: environmental impact
related: trade (services)
source: NWF

trade policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government, business or some other organization, which promotes or determines the direction for the act or process of buying, selling or exchanging goods and services within a country or between countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: politika komertzial
broader: policy
narrower: trade relations
narrower: promotion of trade and industry
related match: Commercial policy
source: RHW

trade (profession)
type: Concept
definition: The act or process of buying, selling, or exchanging commodities, at either wholesale or retail, within a country or between countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: εμπορική δραστηριότητα @el
alternative label: επάγγελμα @el
alternative label: trgovanje (profesija) @hr
broader: employment
related match: Trade (occupation)

trade relations
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: merkataritzako harremanak
broader: trade policy
narrower: trade restriction
narrower: restrictive trade practice

trade restriction
type: Concept
definition: Commercial discrimination that apply to the exports of certain countries but not to similar goods from other countries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: salerosketa-murrizketa
broader: trade relations
narrower: trade barrier
source: USIA

trades union
type: Concept
definition: An organization whose members are wholly or mainly workers and whose principal purposes include the regulation of relations between workers and employers or employers' associations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συνδικαλιστική οργάνωση @el
broader: labour relations
related match: Trade union
source: DICLAW

traditional culture
type: Concept
definition: Learned, nonrandom, systematic behavior and knowledge transmitted over several generations, especially customs and beliefs originating before the advent of modern science and technology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: παράδοση @el
broader: cultural heritage
narrower: folklore
narrower: indigenous knowledge
narrower: folk tradition
narrower: myth
source: ANT
source: OED

traditional health care
type: Concept
definition: A system of treating and healing maladies based on cultural beliefs and practices handed down from generation to generation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: medicine (practice)
source: FIT

traffic
type: Concept
definition: 1) The movement of vehicles, ships, aircraft, persons, etc., in an area or over a route. 2) The vehicles, persons, etc., moving in an area or over a route.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κίνηση @el
narrower: commercial traffic
narrower: commuter traffic
narrower: air traffic
narrower: fast traffic
narrower: off-peak travelling
narrower: rail traffic
narrower: road traffic
narrower: traffic control
narrower: travel
narrower: traffic on water
narrower: long-distance traffic
narrower: local traffic
related: traffic infrastructure
related: route planning
related: tourism
related: traffic regulation
related: traffic accident

traffic accident
type: Concept
definition: An unexpected incident with potential for harm occurring through the movement or collision of vessels, vehicles or persons along a land, water, air or space route.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: accident
narrower: shipping accident
related: traffic
related match: Traffic collision
source: OED

traffic control
type: Concept
definition: The organization of a more efficient movement of traffic within a given road network by rearranging the flows, controlling the intersections and regulating the times and places for parking.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: prometna kontrola @hr
alternative label: nadzor prometa @hr
alternative label: trafikstyrning @sv
broader: traffic
narrower: traffic control measure
source: GOOD

traffic control measure
type: Concept
definition: Means of controlling the number and speed of motorvehicles using a road.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: trafikstyrningsåtgärd @sv
broader: traffic control
source: PHC

traffic emission
type: Concept
definition: Exhaust gases and vapours emitted by motorvehicles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ibilgailuen isurtze
alternative label: trafikutsläpp @sv
broader: emission
related: traffic noise
related: motor vehicle exhaust gas
related: motor vehicle pollution
source: RRDA

traffic engineering
type: Concept
definition: The determination of the required capacity and layout of highway and street facilities that can safely and economically serve vehicular movement between given points.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: engineering
narrower: road traffic engineering
source: MGH

traffic infrastructure
type: Concept
definition: The fundamental facilities and systems used for the movement of vehicles, often provided through public funding.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: infrastructure
narrower: crossing place
narrower: shunting yard
narrower: parking provision
narrower: station
narrower: viaduct
narrower: airport
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9254
narrower: bridge
narrower: tunnel
narrower: square
narrower: corridor
narrower: pedestrian zone
narrower: railway network
narrower: road network
narrower: harbour
related: traffic
source: RHW

traffic jam
type: Concept
definition: A number of vehicles so obstructed that they can scarcely move.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: road traffic
related match: Traffic congestion
source: CED

traffic monitoring
type: Concept
definition: The periodic or continuous surveillance or analysis of the movement of persons, objects, vehicles or other conveyances along an area of passage.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zirkulazioaren kontrol
alternative label: monitoring prometa @hr
broader: monitoring
source: RHW
source: TOE

traffic noise
type: Concept
definition: Noise emitted by vehicles (heavy vehicles, cars and motorcycles, tyre/road interaction).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: buka u prometu @hr
broader: environmental noise
related: traffic emission
related: rolling noise

traffic noise control
type: Concept
definition: Traffic noise can be controlled by reduction at source, by fitting motor vehicles with silencers, by installing barriers which interrupt the direct path of sound or by insulating dwellings exposed to high noise levels, such as those related to motorways or airports.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrola buke u prometu @hr
alternative label: övervakning av trafikbuller @sv
broader: emission control
related: noise control
source: GRAHAW

traffic on water
type: Concept
definition: The movement of boats and other vessels over any water route or area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vodeni promet @hr
broader: traffic
narrower: pleasure cruising
narrower: navigation
narrower: cruising
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9254
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9245
related: harbour
source: RHW

traffic route
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: road

additional packaging
type: Concept
definition: Additional packaging around the normal sales packaging. For example as protection against theft or for the purpose of advertising; the customer may leave the additional packaging in the shop for waste collection.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: packaging
source: RRDA

train
type: Concept
definition: A connected group of railroad cars, usu. pushed or pulled by a locomotive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: συρμός @el
alternative label: opettaa, harjoittaa @fi
broader: railroad vehicle
narrower: rapid transit train
narrower: high-speed train

training
type: Concept
definition: The process of bringing a person or a group of persons to an agreed standard of proficiency, by practice and instruction.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: άσκηση @el
alternative label: edukacija @hr
alternative label: osposobljavanje @hr
alternative label: obuka @hr
alternative label: skolning @sv
alternative label: övning @sv
broader: education
narrower: initial training
narrower: environmental training
narrower: vocational training
source: CED

training centre
type: Concept
definition: Place where people are prepared for a specific purpose.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ΙΕΚ @el
alternative label: centar za izobrazbu @hr
broader: cultural facility
related: education
related match: Training
source: CED

biological monitoring
type: Concept
definition: The direct measurement of changes in the biological status of a habitat, based on evaluations of the number and distribution of individuals or species before and after a change.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kontrol biologiko
alternative label: biološko praćenje @hr
broader: monitoring
narrower: marker
narrower: tracer
narrower: indicator
related: biological analysis
related match: Biomonitoring
source: ALL

trajectory
type: Concept
definition: The path described by an object moving in air or space under the influence of such forces as thrust, wind resistance, and gravity, especially the curved path of a projectile.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πορεία @el
alternative label: liikerata, ammuksen rata @fi
alternative label: trajektorija @hr
alternative label: kurs @sv
broader: parameter
related: pollutant dispersion
source: CED

biological nitrogen fixation
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: plant life

transboundary pollution
type: Concept
definition: Polluted air and water, or any other contaminated waste, that is generated in one country and transmitted to others.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: mugaz gaineko kutsadura
broader: environmental pollution
source: BRACK

transitional arrangement
type: Concept
definition: Rules, guidelines or an agreement on the process of changing the administration, structure or constitution of a government or organization.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aldi baterako akordio
alternative label: privremeni sporazum @hr
broader: convention
source: RHW

transitional settlement
type: Concept
definition: A small village, community or group of houses, or other shelters, usually located in a thinly populated area and existing there for only a short time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aldi baterako kokaleku
alternative label: privremeno naselje @hr
broader: human settlement
narrower: temporary shelter
source: RHW

transition element
type: Concept
definition: One of a group of metallic elements in which the members have the filling of the outermost shell to 8 electrons interrupted to bring the penultimate shell from 8 to 18 or 32 electrons; includes elements 21 through 29 (scandium through copper), 39 through 47 (yttrium through silver), 57 through 79 (lanthanum through gold), and all known elements from 89 (actinium) on.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: chemical element
narrower: cobalt
narrower: nickel
narrower: titanium
narrower: copper
narrower: cadmium
narrower: platinum
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9412
narrower: silver
narrower: actinium
narrower: chromium
narrower: mercury
narrower: vanadium
narrower: iron
related match: Transition metal
source: MGH

transpiration
type: Concept
definition: The loss of water vapour from a plant, mainly through the stomata and to a small extent through the cuticle and lenticels. Transpiration results in a stream of water, carrying dissolved minerals salts, flowing upwards through the xylem.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metabolism
source: ALL

transportation business
type: Concept
definition: Any commercial venture involved in the processes of conveying things or people from one place to another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταφορικές εταιρείες @el
alternative label: doprava @sk
broader: public service
related: transportation
source: OED
source: RHW

transportation by pipeline
type: Concept
definition: Transportation of gases, liquids or slurries by a system of tubes, of steel or plastics. Petroleum, natural gas and products derived from them are the main substances transported by pipelines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mode of transportation
source: GOOD

transportation policy
type: Concept
definition: Comprehensive statements of the objectives and policies which a local transport authority intends to pursue; it includes and estimate of transport expenditure, a statement of transport objectives, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
source: GOOD

biological pest control
type: Concept
definition: Any living organism applied to or introduced into the environment that is intended to function as a pesticide against another organism declared to be a pest.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: pest control
related: beneficial organism
source: LEE

transportation
type: Concept
definition: The act or means of moving tangible objects (persons or goods) from place to place. Often involves the use of some type of vehicle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: mode of transportation
narrower: destination of transport
narrower: freight transport
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9245
narrower: passenger transport
narrower: land transportation
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/975
narrower: space transportation
narrower: transport system
narrower: air transportation
related: transport regulation
related: transport law
related: transportation business
related: transport planning
related match: Transport
source: LANDY

transport planning
type: Concept
definition: A programme of action to provide for present and future demands for movement of people and goods. Such a programme is preceded by a transport study and necessarily includes consideration of the various modes of transport.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: planiranje prometa @hr
broader: physical planning
narrower: route planning
narrower: airspace planning
related: transportation
related match: Transportation planning
source: GOOD

biological pollutant
type: Concept
definition: Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and mammal and bird antigens that may be present in the environment and cause many health effects.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: poluitzaile biologiko
broader: pollutant
related: biological pollution
related: bacterium
source: KOREN

transport (physics)
type: Concept
definition: Transfer of mass, momentum, or energy in a system as a result of molecular agitation, including such properties as thermal conduction and viscosity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physical process
narrower: mass transport (physics)
related match: Transport Phenomena (book)
source: PITT

transport system
type: Concept
definition: System of lines of movements or communication by road, rail, water or air.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transportation
narrower: public transport
narrower: local passenger service
narrower: private transport
related match: Transport network
source: GOOD

trapping
type: Concept
definition: To catch an animal in a mechanical device or enclosed place or pit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τοποθέτηση παγίδων @el
alternative label: päällekkäispainaminen @fi
alternative label: snara @sv
broader: fishery
source: CED

travel
type: Concept
definition: Moving from one place to another generally by using a transportation mean.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: διαδρομή @el
alternative label: μετατόπιση @el
broader: traffic
narrower: space travel
related: tourism
source: RRDA

travel cost
type: Concept
definition: Expenditure of money or the amount of money incurred for journeying or going from one place to another by some mode of transportation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: cost
source: ISEP
source: RHW

biological pollution
type: Concept
definition: Disturbance of the ecological balance by the accidental or deliberate introduction of a foreign organism, animal or plant species into an environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: kutsadura biologiko
broader: pollution type
related: biological pollutant
related: biological contamination
source: WRIGHT

treaty
type: Concept
definition: An international agreement in writing between two states or a number of states. Treaties are binding in international law; some treaties create law only for those states that are parties to them.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: akordio
alternative label: itun
alternative label: ugovor (međunarodno pravo) @hr
broader: law (corpus of rules)
narrower: EC Treaty
related: contract
source: DICLAW

tree
type: Concept
definition: Any large woody perennial plant with a distinct trunk giving rise to branches or leaves at some distance from the ground.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: arbola
broader: plant (biology)
narrower: windfall
narrower: resinous plant
narrower: fruit tree
narrower: broad-leaved tree
narrower: coniferous tree
narrower: deciduous tree
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9349
related: dendrometry
source: CED

tree nursery
type: Concept
definition: An area where trees, shrubs, or plants are grown for transplanting, for use as stocks for budding and grafting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: nursery garden
related match: Plant nursery
source: ECHO2

biological process
type: Concept
definition: Processes concerning living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biosphere
narrower: embryogenesis
narrower: mutation
narrower: reproduction (biological)
narrower: differentiation
narrower: plant life
narrower: sleep
narrower: biological activity
narrower: biorhythm
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9149
narrower: animal biology
narrower: life cycle
narrower: germination
narrower: biological development
narrower: plant biology
narrower: animal life
related: biochemical process
source: CED

trend
type: Concept
definition: The general drift, tendency, or bent of a set of statistical data as related to time or another related set of statistical data.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: forecast
narrower: long-term trend
source: MGH

triazine
type: Concept
definition: Azines that contain three nitrogen atoms in their molecules.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: heterocyclic compound
narrower: atrazine
source: CED

trickle irrigation
type: Concept
definition: Method in which water drips to the soil from perforated tubes or emitters. This irrigation technology is water conserving compared to flooding, furrows, and sprinklers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: irrigation
source: CNIE

trinity of principles
type: Concept
definition: Three fundamental principles of environmental policy: precautionary principle, polluter pays-principle and cooperation principle.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: temeljna načela zaštite okoliša @hr
scope note: trias of environmental policy principles: precautionary, originator (polluter-pays) and cooperation principle <D> @en
broader: environmental policy
source: RRDA

biological production
type: Concept
definition: 1) The amount and rate of production which occur in a given ecosystem over a given time period. It may apply to a single organism, a population, or entire communities and ecosystems. 2) The quantity of organic matter or its equivalent in dry matter, carbon, or energy content which is accumulated during a given period of time.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekoizpen biologiko
broader: ecological parameter
source: MGH
source: PARCOR

tritium
type: Concept
definition: The hydrogen isotope having mass number 3; it is one form of heavy hydrogen, the other being deuterium.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: hydrogen
related: radioelement
source: MGH

trophic level
type: Concept
definition: Any of the feeding levels through which the passage of energy through an ecosystem proceeds; examples are photosynthetic plants, herbivorous animals, and microorganisms of decay.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: food chain
narrower: herbivore
narrower: saprobe
narrower: predator
narrower: parasite
source: MGH

tropical ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings in the land and water of the equatorial region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
narrower: tropical forest ecosystem
source: ENC
source: TOE

tropical forest ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: The interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings in forests found in tropical regions near the equator, which are characterized by warm to hot weather and abundant rainfall.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baso tropikaleko ekosistema
broader: tropical ecosystem
source: DOE
source: TOE

tropical forest
type: Concept
definition: A vegetation class consisting of tall, close-growing trees, their columnar trunks more or less unbranched in the lower two-thirds, and forming a spreading and frequently flat crown; occurs in areas of high temperature and high rainfall.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baso tropikal
broader: forest
related: tropical plant
related match: Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
source: MGH

tropical rain forest
type: Concept
definition: The most valuable and the richest ecosystem on Earth. It plays a critical part in the Earth's life support systems and house 50%, and possibly as much as 90%, of all the species on Earth. It is a key storehouse of foods, oils and minerals, and a source of ingredients that make up a range of medical treatments. It also represents home and livelihood for many people. However, more than half of the rainforests have disappeared, chopped down for valuable tropical hardwoods, or cleared to provide areas for cattle grazing or human habitation. The forests play an important part in climate patterns, and deforestation is thought to be responsible for 18% of global warming. Furthermore, as they disappear there is also an albedo effect - a damaging increase in the sunlight reflected - which affects wind and rainfall patterns.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: tropska kišna šuma @hr
broader: rain forest
related match: Tropical rainforest
source: WRIGHT

tropics
type: Concept
definition: The region of the earth's surface lying between two parallels of latitude on the earth, one 23°27' north of the equator and the other 23°27' south of the equator, representing the points farthest north and south at which the sun can shine directly overhead and constituting the boundaries of the Torrid Zone.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τροπικές ζώνες @el
alternative label: tropski pojas @hr
broader: climatic zone
source: AMHER

troposphere
type: Concept
definition: The lowest of the concentric layers of the atmosphere, occurring between the Earth's surface and the tropopause. It is the zone where atmospheric turbulence is at its greatest and where the bulk of the Earth's weather is generated. It contains almost all the water vapour and aerosols and three-quarters of the total gaseous mass of the atmosphere. Throughout the troposphere temperature decreases with height at a mean rate of 6.5°C/km and the whole zone is capped by either an inversion of temperature or an isothermal layer at the tropopause.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: atmospheric structure
source: WHIT

tropospheric ozone
type: Concept
definition: Tropospheric ozone is a secondary pollutant formed from emissions of nitrogen oxides, non-methane volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide. Ozone scars lung tissue, makes eyes sting and throats itch. It has been implicated as a contributor to forest dieback, damage to agricultural crops, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: marknära ozon @sv
broader: atmospheric ozone
related: ozone
source: WPR

addition polymer
type: Concept
definition: A polymer formed by the chain addition of unsaturated monomer molecules, such as olefins, with one another without the formation of a by-product, as water; examples are polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: polymer
narrower: polyvinyl chloride
source: MGH

trunk road
type: Concept
definition: A main road, especially one that is suitable for heavy vehicles.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κεντρική οδική αρτηρία @el
alternative label: glavni put @hr
alternative label: glavna cesta @hr
alternative label: hlavná cesta @sk
broader: road
source: CED

tumour
type: Concept
definition: Any new and abnormal growth, specifically one in which cell multiplication is uncontrolled and progressive.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human disease
related match: Tumor
source: KOREN

tundra
type: Concept
definition: An area supporting some vegetation (lichens, mosses, sedges and low shrubs) between the northern upper limit of trees and the lower limit of perennial snow on mountains, and on the fringes of the Antarctic continent and its neighbouring islands.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial area
source: MGH

tunnel
type: Concept
definition: A underground passageway, especially one for trains or cars that passes under a mountain, river or a congested urban area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: traffic infrastructure
source: CED

turbidity
type: Concept
definition: Cloudy or hazy appearance in a naturally clear liquid caused by a suspension of colloidal liquid droplets or fine solids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: turbiditet @hr
alternative label: zakalenie @sk
alternative label: zákal @sk
broader: physical property
source: MGH

turbine
type: Concept
definition: A fluid acceleration machine for generating rotary mechanical power from the energy in a stream of fluid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial equipment
source: MGH

tween-deck tanker
type: Concept
definition: A sea-going vessel that includes space between two continuous floor-like surfaces or platforms, which is also designed for bulk shipments of liquids or gases.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: dvopalubni tanker @hr
scope note: 'between deck tanker' @en
broader: tanker (ship)
source: RHW

twin-hull craft
type: Concept
definition: Oil tank vessels provided with a double-hull to meet the regulatory safety requirements in oil transportation. Requirements include minimum values for depths and breadth of double bottoms. Also called double-hull tank vessel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καταμαράν @el
alternative label: katamaran
broader: ship
source: PZ

two-stroke engine
type: Concept
definition: An internal combustion engine whose cycle is completed in two strokes of the piston.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: combustion engine
source: MGH

type of business
type: Concept
definition: The class or category of an enterprise or organization involved in an economy.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: business classification
narrower: private sector
narrower: public sector
source: ISEP
source: RHW

type of claim
type: Concept
definition: A class or category of interests or remedies recognized in law or equity that create in the holder a right to the interest or its proceeds, typically taking the form of money, property or privilege.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: eske-mota
broader: judicial system
source: BLD

type of management
type: Concept
definition: The different, specific methods of business administration.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: economic policy
source: OED

typhoon
type: Concept
definition: A severe tropical cyclone in the western Pacific.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: meteorological phenomenon
source: MGH

biological resource
type: Concept
definition: Wild organisms harvested for subsistence, commerce, or recreation (such as fish, game, timber or furbearers); domesticated organisms raised by agriculture, aquaculture, and silviculture; and ecosystems cropped by livestock.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural resource
narrower: animal resource
narrower: microbial resource
narrower: terrestrial biological resource
narrower: plant resource
narrower: genetic resource
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9313
related match: Natural resource
source: WPR

tyre
type: Concept
definition: A rubber ring placed over the rim of a wheel of a road vehicle to provide traction and reduce road shocks.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial product
narrower: car tyre
related: vulcanisation
source: CED

ultrafiltration
type: Concept
definition: Separation of colloidal or very fine solid materials by filtration through microporous or semipermeable mediums.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: filtration
source: MGH

ultrasound
type: Concept
definition: Sound waves having a frequency above about 20,000 hertz.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: sound
source: MGH

ultraviolet radiation
type: Concept
definition: The part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths shorter than light but longer than x-rays; in the range of 4-400 nm.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: izpi ultramoreak
broader: non-ionising radiation
broader: ionising radiation
related match: Ultraviolet
source: CED

UNCED
type: Concept
definition: United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1992.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: United Nations
related match: Earth Summit
source: WRIGHT

uncontrolled dump
type: Concept
definition: Place where waste is left on the ground and not buried in a hole.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakindegi klandestin
alternative label: zabortegi klandestino
broader: landfill
source: PHC

landfill base sealing
type: Concept
definition: Sealing of a landfill with a relatively impermeable barrier designed to keep leachate inside. Liner materials include plastic and dense clay.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: brtvljenje podloge i kosina odlagališta @hr
broader: industrial process
related: sealing
source: EPAGLO

underground storage
type: Concept
definition: Storage located underground designed to hold gasoline or other petroleum products or chemical solutions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurpeko andel
alternative label: lurpeko biltegi
broader: storage (process)
related match: Underground storage tank
source: LEE

underground train
type: Concept
definition: A train for transportation of people, mostly beneath the surface of the ground, in order to lessen the traffic.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lurpeko tren
alternative label: podzemni vlak @hr
broader: railroad vehicle
related match: Rapid transit
source: CED

underprivileged people
type: Concept
definition: A segment of the population that does not have access to the rights or benefits granted to the rest of society, often because of low economic or social status.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: siromašni ljudi @hr
broader: quality of life
source: RHW

undertaking business
type: Concept
definition: Any commercial activity, position or site associated with the preparation of the dead for burial and the management and arrangement of funerals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κλάδος των επιχειρήσεων @el
alternative label: enpresa komertzial
alternative label: pogrebno poduzeće @hr
broader: services
source: RHW

underwater outlet
type: Concept
definition: Point of water disposal located below the sea surface.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: υποβρύχια έξοδος οχετού @el
broader: hydraulic construction
narrower: ocean outfall
source: LANDY

unemployment
type: Concept
definition: The condition of being without remunerative employment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: enplegugabezia
broader: employment
source: CED

ungulate
type: Concept
definition: Hoofed mammals, including the Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mammal
narrower: deer
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/977
narrower: ovine
narrower: proboscidean
narrower: equine
source: ALL

United Nations
type: Concept
definition: A voluntary association of around 180 state signatory to the UN charter (1945), whose primary aim is to maintain international peace and security, solve economic, social, and political problems through international co-operation, and promote respect for human rights.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: international organisation
narrower: UNCED

biological waste gas purification
type: Concept
definition: Processes for removing impurities from waste gas based on the employing of microorganisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste air purification (gas)
related: biofiltration
source: BIOTGL

unleaded petrol
type: Concept
definition: Petrol with a low octane rating, which has no lead additives in it and therefore creates less lead pollution in the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: berunik gabeko ezantza
broader: petrol
related match: Gasoline
source: PHC

clean air area
type: Concept
definition: Areas where significant reductions in ozone forming pollutants have been achieved through industrial initiatives to control and/or prevent pollution, through implementation of transportation improvement plans, national efforts to reduce automobile tailpipe emissions and lower the volatility (evaporation rate) of gasoline.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
source: CIHUNT

raw water
type: Concept
definition: Water that has not been treated.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9242
source: PHC

upbringing
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: fostran @sv
broader: education

Upper House
type: Concept
definition: The body of a bicameral legislature comprising either representatives of member states in a federation or a select number of individuals from certain privileged estates or social classes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: Βουλή των Λόρδων [Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο] @el
alternative label: första kammaren @sv
broader: Parliament
source: CIV
source: RHW

biological waste treatment
type: Concept
definition: A generic term applied to processes that use microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of biological waste treatment is to control either the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and to provide a means for maintaining high concentrations of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
narrower: anaerobic treatment
narrower: aerobic treatment
related: biodegradation

uranium
type: Concept
definition: A metallic element highly toxic and radioactive; used as nuclear fuel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: actinide
related: radioelement
source: MGH

urban action program
type: Concept
definition: A planned, coordinated group of activities or services intended for improving urban centers in order to provide healthy and safe living conditions, efficient transport and communication, adequate public facilities and aesthetic surroundings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: programme
narrower: neighbourhood improvement scheme
narrower: housing programme
source: INP
source: RHW

urban area
type: Concept
definition: Areas within the legal boundaries of cities and towns; suburban areas developed for residential, industrial or recreational purposes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gradsko područje @hr
alternative label: tätort @sv
broader: urban settlement
narrower: city
narrower: historic centre
narrower: metropolis
related: urban planning
related: urban structure
source: LANDY

additive
type: Concept
definition: Substances mixed in small quantities with another product to modify its chemical or physical state. Additives are used to make food look visually more attractive, in the case of colouring agents, as well as to preserve and extend the life of the product.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gehigarri
broader: chemical product
narrower: fuel additive
source: WRIGHT

biological weapon
type: Concept
definition: Living organisms (or infective material derived from them) which are intended to cause disease or death in animals, plants, or man, and which depend for their effects on their ability to multiply in the person, animal or plant attacked. Various living organisms (for example, rickettsiae, viruses and fungi), as well as bacteria, can be used as weapons.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9267
related match: Biological warfare
source: WPR

urban decay
type: Concept
definition: Condition where part of a city or town becomes old or dirty or ruined, because businesses and wealthy families have moved away from it.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hirien narriadura
broader: effect
source: PHC

urban design
type: Concept
definition: A plan, outline or preliminary sketch of, or for, a city or town.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πολεοδομικός(ή) διάκοσμος (σχεδίαση) @el
broader: planning measure
broader: design (project)
related: urban development
source: ISEP

urban development
type: Concept
definition: Any physical extension of, or changes to, the uses of land in metropolitan areas, often involving subdivision into zones; construction or modification of buildings, roads, utilities and other facilities; removal of trees and other obstructions; and population growth and related economic, social and political changes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human settlement
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9236
narrower: urban concentration
narrower: pattern of urban growth
narrower: urban sprawl
narrower: coastal development
narrower: conurbation
narrower: planned urban development
related: urban planning
related: urban renewal
related: rural development
related: urban design
related match: Urban planning
source: AAG
source: CGP

urban development law
type: Concept
definition: A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by government to regulate public services and the competing claims of residential, commercial and industrial interests in municipal areas generally characterized by moderate to high population density.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hiri-garapenari buruzko legeria
broader: planning law
source: CGP

urban ecosystem
type: Concept
definition: Towns and cities viewed as ecosystems, having an input of matter and energy, recycling within the system, and an output of matter and energy into the surroundings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gradski ekosustav @hr
broader: terrestrial ecosystem
source: GILP96

biology
type: Concept
definition: A division of the natural sciences concerned with the study of life and living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: life science
narrower: hydrobiology
narrower: marine biology
narrower: limnology
narrower: parasitology
narrower: morphology
narrower: microbiology
narrower: aerobiology
narrower: molecular biology
narrower: chorology
narrower: physiology
narrower: human biology
narrower: estuarine biology
narrower: freshwater biology
related: anatomy
source: MGH

urban facility
type: Concept
definition: Supply of essential services to the community, e.g. electricity, gas, water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: komunalija @hr
broader: community facility
source: GOOD

urban flows (resources)
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: resource utilisation

urban green
type: Concept
definition: The complex of private and public gardens in an urban area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: green space
narrower: open lawn
narrower: hedge
narrower: greenbelt
source: DIFID

bioluminescence
type: Concept
definition: The production of light of various colors by living organisms (e.g. some bacteria and fungi, glow-worms and many marine animals). Luminescence is produced by a biochemical reaction, which is catalyzed by an enzyme. In some animals the light is used as a mating signal; in others it may be a protective device. In deep-sea forms luminous organs may serve as lanterns.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: βιοφωταύγεια @el
alternative label: βιολογική φωτοβολία @el
broader: metabolism
source: MGH

urbanisation
type: Concept
definition: The state of being or becoming a community with urban characteristics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: settlement concentration
related match: Urbanization
source: MGH

urban landscape
type: Concept
definition: The traits, patterns and structure of a city's specific geographic area, including its biological composition, its physical environment and its social patterns.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: paisaia hiritar
broader: landscape
source: TOE

urban management
type: Concept
definition: The administration, organization and planning performed for cities or towns, particularly the process of converting farmland or undeveloped land into offices, businesses, housing and other forms of development.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human settlement management
related match: City manager
source: DOE

urban planning
type: Concept
definition: The activity of designing, organizing or preparing for the future lay-out and condition of a city or town.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: land planning
narrower: urban planning and development
related: urban area
related: urban development
source: RHW

biomass
type: Concept
definition: Biomass refers strictly speaking to the total weight of all the living things in an ecosystem. However, it has come to refer to the amount of plant and crop material that could be produced in an ecosystem for making biofuels and other raw materials used in industry, for example.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: ecological parameter
narrower: phytomass
source: WRIGHT

urban policy
type: Concept
definition: A course of action adopted and pursued by government, business or some other organization, which seeks to improve or develop cities or towns through land use planning, water resource management, central city development, policing and criminal justice, or pollution control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: policy
related: municipal environmental policy
source: MGHME

urban pollution
type: Concept
definition: Pollution of highly populated areas mainly deriving from motor vehicles, industrial plants, combustion and heating plants, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hiriko kutsadura
broader: environmental pollution
source: GREMES

urban population
type: Concept
definition: The total number of persons inhabiting a city, metropolitan region or any area where the sum of residents exceeds a designated amount.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human population
related match: Urban area
source: RHW

urban renewal
type: Concept
definition: A continuing process of remodelling urban areas by means of rehabilitation and conservation as well as redevelopment. Urban renewal programmes are generally undertaken by public authorities and concern those parts of the city which have fallen below current standards of public acceptability.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: πολεοδομική αναμόρφωση @el
broader: planning measure
related: urban development
source: GOOD

urban sanitation
type: Concept
definition: The renovation or redevelopment of the decaying areas of cities by the demolition or up-grading of existing dwellings and buildings and a general improvement in environmental conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sanacija gradova @hr
broader: environmental sanitation
source: GILP96

urban settlement
type: Concept
definition: A collection of dwellings located in an urban area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: human settlement
narrower: outer space (allocation plan)
narrower: periurban space
narrower: approach
narrower: urban area
narrower: urban habitat
narrower: residential area
narrower: suburb
narrower: private household
related: urban structure
source: CED

urban stress
type: Concept
definition: A state of bodily or mental tension developed through city living, or the physical, chemical, or emotional factors that give rise to that tension.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: stress
source: MED

urban structure
type: Concept
definition: The built-up components, the street system and the facilities which make up an urban unit.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: planning measure
related: urban area
related: urban settlement
source: ZINZAN

urban study
type: Concept
definition: The study and theory of building and other physical needs in cities or predominantly urban cultures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: research
source: ECHO2

urban traffic
type: Concept
definition: Movements of vehicles and people within a city.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: urbani promet @hr
broader: road traffic
related: square
related: pedestrian zone
source: RRDA

biomass energy
type: Concept
definition: A renewable energy source that makes use of such biofuels as methane (biogas) generated by sewage, farm, industrial, or household organic waste materials. Other biofuels include trees grown in so-called "energy forests" or other plants, such as sugar cane, grown for their energy potential. Biomass energy relies on combustion and therefore produces carbon dioxide; its use would not, therefore, alleviate the greenhouse effect.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: grön energi @sv
broader: non-conventional energy
related match: Biofuel
source: UVAROV

urban water
type: Concept
definition: Water destined for private and public use in a town.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: canal
source: RRDA

urban water supply
type: Concept
definition: The distribution of water, including collection, treatment and storage, for use in a town, city or municipal area, and used generally for domestic and industrial needs.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: gradska vodoopskrba @hr
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9244
source: WWC

ursid
type: Concept
definition: A family of mammals in the order Carnivora including the bears and their allies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: carnivore
source: MGH

scrap tyre
type: Concept
definition: Recyclable material from discarded motor vehicle tyres.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: pneumatiko erabili
alternative label: stara automobilska guma @hr
broader: scrap material
source: APD

use of leisure time
type: Concept
definition: Making use of free time to carry out recreational activities.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: astialdi erabilera
broader: leisure time
source: RRDA

user advantage
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental assessment criterion

utilisation of calorific value
type: Concept
definition: Calorific value is the heat per unit mass produced by complete combustion of a given substance. Calorific values are used to express the energy values of fuels; usually these are expressed in megajoules per kilogram. They are also used to measure the energy content of foodstuffs; i.e. the energy produced when the food is oxidized in the body. The units here are kilojoules per gram. Calorific values are measured using a bomb calorimeter (apparatus consisting of a strong container in which the sample is sealed with excess oxygen and ignited electrically. The heat of combustion at constant volume can be calculated from the resulting rise in temperature).
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: energy utilisation
source: DICCHE

local resource utilisation
type: Concept
definition: The use of a source of supply from a municipal or regional area, which can be readily drawn upon when needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: baliabide lokalen erabilera
alternative label: upotreba lokalnih resursa @hr
broader: resource utilisation
source: RHW

utilisation of pesticides
type: Concept
definition: Use of chemical or biological substances to deliberately kill unwanted plants or animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: korištenje pesticida @hr
broader: agricultural method
source: DUNSTE

resource utilisation
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: upotreba resursa @hr
narrower: local resource utilisation
narrower: extraction
narrower: soil use
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9251
narrower: landscape utilisation
narrower: land use
narrower: resource exploitation
narrower: urban flows (resources)

biophysics
type: Concept
definition: The hybrid science involving the application of physical principles and methods to study and explain the structures of living organisms and the mechanics of life processes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: physics
source: MGH

indefinite legal concept
type: Concept
definition: A condition or extent of time in a government enforced contract, instrument or agreement that lacks precision, distinguishing characteristics or fixed boundaries.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: judicial system
source: BLD

valley
type: Concept
definition: Any low-lying land bordered by higher ground; especially an elongate, relatively large, gently sloping depression of the Earth's surface, commonly situated between two mountains or between ranges of hills or mountains, and often containing a stream with an outlet. It is usually developed by stream erosion, but may be formed by faulting.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λεκάνη ποταμού @el
alternative label: υδρορρόη @el
alternative label: ibar
broader: landform
narrower: canyon
narrower: ditch
source: BJGEO

bioreactor
type: Concept
definition: A container, such as a large fermentation chamber, for growing living organisms that are used in the industrial production of substances such as pharmaceuticals, antibodies, or vaccines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erreaktore biologiko
broader: reactor
related: fermentation
source: PORT

valued ecosystem component
type: Concept
definition: An appraised, evaluated or estimated element or ingredient of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: vrednovana sastavnica ekološkog sustava @hr
broader: environmental economy issue
related: environmental assessment
source: TOE

vanadium
type: Concept
definition: A silvery-white, ductile metal resistant to corrosion; used in alloy steels and as an x-ray target.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transition element
source: MGH

vandalism
type: Concept
definition: The deliberate or wanton destruction of personal or public property caused by a vandal.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: delinquency
narrower: environmental vandalism
source: CED

vanished species
type: Concept
definition: Species which have disappeared from an area because of adverse environmental conditions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: category of endangered species
source: RRDA

vapour pressure
type: Concept
definition: The partial pressure of water vapour in the atmosphere. For a liquid or solid, the pressure of the vapour in equilibrium with the liquid or solid.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: parni tlak @hr
broader: physical property
related match: Vapor pressure
source: MGH

varnish
type: Concept
definition: A transparent surface coating which is applied as a liquid and then changes to a hard solid; all varnishes are solutions of resinous materials in a solvent.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: λάκα @el
alternative label: kuultokäsittely @fi
alternative label: lakata @fi
alternative label: lack @sv
broader: paint
source: MGH

biorhythm
type: Concept
definition: A cyclically recurring pattern of physiological states in an organism or organ, such as alpha rhythm or circadian rhythm; believed by some to affect physical and mental states and behaviour.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological process
related: time
source: CED

vector of human diseases
type: Concept
definition: An agent or organism that acts as a carrier or transmitter of a human illness.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: epidemic
source: RHW

vegetation cover
type: Concept
definition: Number of plants growing on a certain area of land.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biljni pokrov @hr
broader: ecological parameter
related: vegetation
source: PHC

vegetable cultivation
type: Concept
definition: Cultivation of herbaceous plants that are used as food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: povrćarsto @hr
broader: cultivation
related: vegetable
source: CED

biosafety
type: Concept
definition: The combination of knowledge, techniques and equipment used to manage or contain potentially infectious materials or biohazards in the laboratory environment, to reduce or prevent harm to laboratory workers, other persons and the environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: segurtasun biologiko
broader: safety measure
related: genetic engineering
source: OHS
source: BIOSAF

plant ecology
type: Concept
definition: Study of the relationships between plants and their environment.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ekologija biljaka @hr
broader: scientific ecology
source: LBC

plant selection
type: Concept
definition: The selection by man of particular genotypes in a plant population because they exhibit desired phenotypic characters.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: selekcija biljaka @hr
broader: cultivation
source: LBC

vegetable oil
type: Concept
definition: An edible, mixed glyceride oil derived from plants (fruit, leaves, and seeds), including cottonseed, linseed, tung, and peanut; used in food oils, shortenings, soaps, and medicine, and as a paint drying oil.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: foodstuff
related match: Vegetable fats and oils
source: MGH

plant reproduction
type: Concept
definition: Any of various processes, either sexual or asexual, by which a plant produces one or more individuals similar to itself.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: reprodukcija biljaka @hr
broader: reproduction (biological)
source: CED

plant resource
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biological resource
narrower: forest resource

biosphere
type: Concept
definition: That part of the Earth and atmosphere capable of supporting living organisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
narrower: organism
narrower: virus
narrower: evolution
narrower: anatomy
narrower: ecology
narrower: biological process
source: LBC

vegetable
type: Concept
definition: Any of various herbaceous plants having parts that are used as food.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ortuari
alternative label: växt @sv
broader: foodstuff
narrower: green vegetable
related: vegetable cultivation
source: CED

vegetable waste
type: Concept
definition: Waste, comprised mainly of vegetable matter, which is capable of being decomposed by microorganisms.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin berde
broader: type of waste
related: compostable waste
source: BHE

vegetation
type: Concept
definition: 1) The plants of an area considered in general or as communities, but not taxonomically; the total plant cover in a particular area or on the Earth as a whole. 2) The total mass of plant life that occupies a given area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: landaretza
alternative label: kasvisto @fi
alternative label: vegetacija @hr
alternative label: vextlighet @sv
broader: plant community
narrower: vegetation level
narrower: arboretum
narrower: vegetation type
related: vegetation cover
source: ALL
source: MGH

vegetation type
type: Concept
definition: A community of plants or plant life that share distinguishable characteristics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: vegetation
narrower: riverside vegetation
related match: Vegetation
source: PEM

vehicle
type: Concept
definition: Any conveyance in or by which people or objects are transported.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: transportation mean
narrower: all-terrain vehicle
narrower: electric vehicle
narrower: ship
narrower: commercial vehicle
narrower: aircraft
narrower: motor vehicle
narrower: bicycle
narrower: mobile home
narrower: railroad vehicle
related: abandoned vehicle
related: scrap vehicle
source: CED

vehicle exhaust gas
type: Concept
definition: An aeriform fluid of fine particles suspended in air, produced and vented as a byproduct of the operation of wheeled machines or conveyances self-propelled by internal combustion engines.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: exhaust gas
narrower: motor vehicle exhaust gas
source: MHD
source: RHW

vehicle inspection
type: Concept
definition: An official periodical examination of an automobile, truck, boat, airplane or other means of conveyance to determine compliance in design or operation with legal standards for safety or pollution emissions.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: inspection
source: DAM
source: RHW

vehicle manufacturing industry
type: Concept
definition: A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the manufacture and sale of equipment that conveys people, goods or materials by land, air or water.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industry
narrower: shipbuilding
narrower: motor vehicle industry
source: SIC

biosphere reserve
type: Concept
definition: Protected land and coastal areas that are approved under the Man and Biosphere programme (MAB) in conjunction with the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Each reserve has to have an ecosystem that is recognized for its diversity and usefulness as a conservation unit. The reserves have at least one core area where there can be no interference with the natural ecosystem. A transition zone surrounds this and within it scientific research is allowed. Beyond this is a buffer zone which protects the whole reserve from agricultural, industrial and urban development. Biosphere reserves and buffer zones were regarded as examples of a new generation of conservation techniques.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: protected area
related: biological reserve
related match: Man and the Biosphere Programme
source: WRIGHT

ventilation
type: Concept
definition: The process of supplying or removing air, by natural or mechanical means, to or from any space; such air may or may not have been conditioned.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: aireztapen
alternative label: ventilacija @hr
broader: industrial process
related: aeration
source: HARRIS

vermin
type: Concept
definition: Small animals and insects that can be harmful and which are difficult to control when they appear in large numbers.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: επιβλαβή ζώα @el
alternative label: štetočine @hr
alternative label: nametnici @hr
broader: pest
broader: animal
source: CAMB

vertebrate
type: Concept
definition: Any chordate animal of the subphylum Vertebrata, characterized by a bony or cartilaginous skeleton and a well-developed brain: the group contains fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ryggradsdjur @sv
broader: chordate
narrower: fish
narrower: amphibian
narrower: marsupial
narrower: plantigrade
narrower: mammal
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/912
narrower: reptile
source: CED

biosynthesis
type: Concept
definition: Production, by synthesis or degradation, of a chemical compound by a living organism.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: metabolism
narrower: pheromone
related: biochemical process
source: MGH

veterinary medicine
type: Concept
definition: The branch of medical practice which treats of the diseases and injuries of animals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: veterina @hr
broader: medicine (practice)
related: animal disease
source: MGH

viaduct
type: Concept
definition: A long high bridge, usually held up by many arches, which carries a railway or a road over a valley or other similar area at a lower level.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κοιλαδογέφυρα @el
alternative label: bidezubi
broader: traffic infrastructure
source: CAMB

vibration
type: Concept
definition: A periodic motion of small amplitude and high frequency, characteristic of elastic bodies.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: κραδασμοί @el
alternative label: ταλαντώσεις @el
alternative label: täryttäminen, tärytys @fi
narrower: mechanical vibration
source: ZINZAN

video
type: Concept
definition: A format or system used to record and transmit visual or audiovisual information by translating moving or still images into electrical signals.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: documentation
source: MVG

village
type: Concept
definition: A group of houses and other buildings, such as a church, a school and some shops, which is smaller than a town, usually in the countryside.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: rural settlement
broader: human settlement
source: CAMB

vinasse
type: Concept
definition: The residual liquid from the distillation of alcoholic liquors, specifically, that remaining from the fermentation and distillation of beet-sugar molasses, valuable as yielding potassium salts, ammonia, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: ostaci i nusprodukti melase @hr
alternative label: vinass @sv
broader: type of waste

virology
type: Concept
definition: The study of submicroscopic organisms known as viruses.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: virusologija @hr
broader: medical science
source: MGH

virus
type: Concept
definition: Submicroscopic agents that infect plants, animals and bacteria, and are unable to reproduce outside the tissues of the host. A fully formed virus consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein and lipid (fat) coat. The nucleic acid of the virus interferes with nucleic acid-synthesizing mechanism of the host cell, organizing it to produce more viral nucleic acid. Viruses cause many diseases (e.g., mosaic diseases of many cultivated plants, myxomatosis, foot and mouth disease, the common cold, influenza, measles, poliomyelitis). Many plant viruses are transmitted by insects, some by eelworms. Animal viruses are spread by contact, droplet infection or by insect vectors and some are spread by the exchange of body fluids.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biosphere
narrower: enterovirus
source: ALL

viscosity
type: Concept
definition: Energy dissipation and generation of stresses in a fluid by the distortion of fluid elements; quantitatively, when otherwise qualified, the absolute viscosity. Also known as flow resistance.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: γλοιότητα @el
alternative label: likatasun
alternative label: viskoznost @hr
alternative label: ljepljivost @hr
alternative label: klibbighet @sv
broader: physical property
source: MGH

biotechnology
type: Concept
definition: A combination of biology and technology. It is used to describe developments in the application of biological organisms for commercial and scientific purposes. So "bio" stands for biology and the science of life, and "tech" stands for technology, or the tools and techniques that the biotechnologists have in their workbox. Those tools and techniques include microorganisms and a range of methods for manipulating them, such as genetic engineering.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: technology
broader: experiment
narrower: genetic engineering
narrower: health-related biotechnology
narrower: biological engineering
narrower: agricultural biotechnology
related: fermentation
related: socioeconomic impact of biotechnologies
source: WRIGHT

vitamin
type: Concept
definition: An organic compound present in variable, minute quantities in natural foodstuffs and essential for the normal processes of growth and maintenance of the body.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biochemical substance
related: foodstuff
source: MGH

viticulture
type: Concept
definition: That division of horticulture concerned with grape growing, studies of grape varieties, methods of culture, and insect and disease control.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αμπελοκαλλιέργεια @el
alternative label: mahasgintza
broader: farming technique
source: MGH

biotic factor
type: Concept
definition: The influence upon the environment of organisms owing to the presence and activities of other organisms, as distinct from a physical, abiotic, environmental factor.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: biotički faktor @hr
broader: ecological parameter
related match: Biotic component
source: ALL2

vocabulary
type: Concept
definition: A list of words or phrases of a language, technical field or some specialized area, usually arranged in alphabetical order and often provided with brief definitions and with foreign translations.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: popis riječi @hr
alternative label: rječnik @hr
alternative label: vokabulär @sv
alternative label: ordförråd @sv
broader: document type
source: RHW

vocational training
type: Concept
definition: A special training for a regular occupation or profession, especially, one for which one is specially suited or qualified.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: lanbide-prestakuntza
alternative label: strukovna izobrazba @hr
broader: training
related match: Vocational education

volatile organic compound
type: Concept
definition: Organic compound readily passing off by evaporation.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: KOL
alternative label: hlapivi organski spoj @hr
broader: volatile substance
source: MGH

volatility
type: Concept
definition: The property of a substance or substances to convert into vapor or gas without chemical change.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: μεταβλητότητα @el
alternative label: αστάθεια @el
alternative label: epävakaisuus @fi
alternative label: hlapivost @hr
broader: physical property
related: volatile substance
related: non-volatile substance
related match: Volatile
source: LEE

volcanic area
type: Concept
definition: No definition needed.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: terrestrial area

volcanic eruption
type: Concept
definition: The ejection of solid, liquid, or gaseous material from a volcano.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: erupcija vulkana @hr
broader: volcanism
related: geological disaster
related match: Types of volcanic eruptions
source: ZINZAN

adhesive
type: Concept
definition: Substance used for sticking objects together, such as glue, cement, or paste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: αυτοκόλλητο @el
alternative label: συγκολλητικό @el
alternative label: eranskor
alternative label: adheziv @hr
broader: chemical product
related: glue
source: CED

volcanism
type: Concept
definition: The processes by which magma and its associated gases rise into the crust and are extruded onto the Earth's surface and into the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: geological process
narrower: volcanic eruption
related: volcano
source: BJGEO

volcano
type: Concept
definition: A vent in the surface of the Earth through which magma and associated gases and ash erupt; also, the form or structure, usually conical, that is produced by the ejected material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: mountainous area
related: volcanism
source: BJGEO

waste income
type: Concept
definition: The total amount of refuse or unusable material that enters a process or system.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: overburden
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9095
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9126
narrower: waste avoidance
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9108
source: RHW

biotope
type: Concept
definition: A region of relatively uniform environmental conditions, occupied by a given plant community and its associated animal community.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: synecology
narrower: biotope network
narrower: secondary biotope
related: biotope order
related: biotope protection
source: PAENS

voluntary work
type: Concept
definition: Unpaid activities done by citizens often organized in associations, to provide services to others, particularly to elderly and poor people, handicapped, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: volonterski rad @hr
alternative label: volonterstvo @hr
alternative label: dobrovoljan rad @hr
broader: social service
related match: Volunteering
source: ZINZAN

vulcanisation
type: Concept
definition: A chemical reaction of sulfur (or other vulcanizing agent) with rubber or plastic to cause cross-linking of the polymer chains; it increases strength and resiliency of the polymer.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: industrial process
related: rubber
related: tyre
related match: Vulcanization
source: MGH

vulnerable species (IUCN)
type: Concept
definition: Species which is likely to become endangered unless protective measures are taken.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hotade arter @sv
broader: category of endangered species
source: PHC

Wadden Sea
type: Concept
definition: The Wadden sea is a shallow sea extending along the North Sea coasts of The Netherlands, Germany and Denmark. It is a highly dynamic ecosystem with tidal channels, sands, mud flats, salt marshes, beaches, dunes, river mouths and a transition zone to the North Sea, the offshore zone. Most parts of the Wadden Sea, in particular in The Netherlands and Lower Saxony, are sheltered by barrier islands and contain smaller or wider areas of intertidal flats. The present form of the Wadden Sea is the result of both natural forces and action by man. Twice a day, on average, 15 km3 of sea water enter the Wadden sea. With the water from the North Sea, large amount of sand and silt are imported which settle in places with little water movement. During low tides large parts of the Wadden Sea emerge. These so-called tidal flats cover about 2/3 of the tidal area and are one of its most characteristic features. Nowhere in the world can such a large unbroken stretch of tidal flats be found. They account for 60% of all tidal areas in Europe and North Africa.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: North Atlantic Ocean
source: CWSS

biotope network
type: Concept
definition: Intersection of corridors connecting patchy ecological communities. Species survival tends to be higher in patches that have higher connectivity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: biotope
source: PARCOR

wage system
type: Concept
definition: System which compensates the employees with a fixed sum per piece, hour, day or another period of time, covering all compensations including salary.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: fee
related match: Wage labour

wall
type: Concept
definition: A vertical construction made of stone, brick, wood, etc., with a length and height much greater than its thickness, used to enclose, divide or support.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: τοίχος @el
alternative label: τείχος @el
alternative label: τοιχ(ε)ίο @el
alternative label: murru
alternative label: vall @sv
alternative label: barriär @sv
alternative label: mur @sv
broader: building component
source: CED

war
type: Concept
definition: A conflict or a state of hostility between two or more parties, nations or states, in which armed forces or military operations are used.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: guda
broader: military activities
narrower: war victim
narrower: environmental warfare
source: RHW

biotope protection
type: Concept
definition: Measures taken to ensure that the biological and physical components of a biotope are in equilibrium by maintaining constant their relative numbers and features.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: natural areas protection
related: biotope
source: GILP96

warm-blooded animal
type: Concept
definition: Animal which has a body temperature that stays the same and does not change with the temperature of its surroundings.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: animal
source: CAMB

warning plan
type: Concept
definition: A scheme or method of acting developed in advance to notify as quickly as possible the affected population of any sudden, urgent and usually unexpected occurrence requiring immediate action.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: alerta-egoerarako plan
broader: emergency plan
source: ISEP

warning system
type: Concept
definition: Any series of procedures and devices designed to detect sudden or potential threats to persons, property or the environment, often utilizing radar technology.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: safety system
narrower: smog warning
narrower: alarm
narrower: early warning system
source: RHW

wastage
type: Concept
definition: Extravagant or useless consumption or expenditures.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απόβλητα @el
alternative label: απώλεια @el
alternative label: alferrik galtze
alternative label: kaatotappio @fi
alternative label: hupeneminen @fi
alternative label: rasipanje @hr
alternative label: traćenje @hr
alternative label: spill @sv
alternative label: avgång @sv
alternative label: avfall @sv
broader: consumption
source: RHW

waste
type: Concept
definition: Material, often unusable, left over from any manufacturing, industrial, agricultural or other human process; Material damaged or altered during a manufacturing process and subsequently left useless.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: απώλειες @el
alternative label: απορρίμματα @el
alternative label: spill @sv
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9106
narrower: type of waste
source: HMD
source: OED

waste air
type: Concept
definition: Exhaust or gaseous air given off by any industrial, manufacturing or chemical process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: gaseous air pollutant
related: waste gas
source: RHW
source: TOE

waste air purification (gas)
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: purification
narrower: denitrification of waste gas
narrower: biological waste gas purification
related: waste gas

waste analysis
type: Concept
definition: An investigation carried out to decide what arrangements are appropriate for dealing with different kinds of wastes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakinen analisi
broader: analysis
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9079
related: waste composition
source: PORT

waste assimilation capacity
type: Concept
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakinak asimilatzeko ahalmen
broader: waste disposal

waste balance
type: Concept
definition: The inventory of all waste produced or recovered during a certain time period, classified by type and quantity.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9106
source: DOG

waste bin
type: Concept
definition: A container for litter, rubbish, etc.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zabor-edukiontzi
alternative label: kanta za otpatke @hr
broader: domestic appliance
related: waste collection
related match: Waste container
source: CED

type of waste
type: Concept
definition: A grouping by type of unusable material left over from any process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste
narrower: building waste
narrower: dredged material
narrower: rubber waste
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9362
narrower: vegetable waste
narrower: polluted matter
narrower: wreck
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9082
narrower: hard-to-dispose-of waste
narrower: inert waste
narrower: rag
narrower: bulky waste
narrower: mining waste
narrower: municipal waste
narrower: ship garbage
narrower: pollution abatement waste
narrower: compostable waste
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9301
narrower: plastic waste
narrower: health-care activities waste
narrower: mineral waste
narrower: trade waste
narrower: consumer waste
narrower: animal waste
narrower: packaging waste
narrower: paste-like waste
narrower: residual waste
narrower: scrap material
narrower: refuse shredder
narrower: abandoned vehicle
narrower: toxic waste
narrower: waste composition
narrower: chemical waste
narrower: sewage sludge
narrower: agricultural waste
narrower: vinasse
narrower: industrial waste
narrower: organic waste
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9099
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9098
narrower: filter cake
narrower: hazardous waste
narrower: metal waste
narrower: radioactive waste
narrower: laboratory waste
narrower: liner material
narrower: liquid waste
narrower: space waste
narrower: special waste
narrower: solid waste
narrower: state of waste
narrower: waste gas
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9127
related match: List of waste types
source: ISEP

waste charge
type: Concept
definition: Imposed fee, expense, or cost for the management of refuse or unwanted materials left over from a manufacturing process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: avgift för avfall @sv
broader: environmental tax
source: RHW
source: TOE

waste classification
type: Concept
definition: The arrangement of unwanted materials left over from manufacturing processes or refuse from places of human or animal habitation into a variety of categories based on chemical and microbiological constituents or other common characteristics.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: klasifikacija otpada @hr
broader: classification
source: TOE

waste collection
type: Concept
definition: The periodic or on-demand removal of solid waste from primary source locations using a collection vehicle and followed by the depositing of this waste at some central facility or disposal site.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: skupljanje i odvoz otpada @hr
alternative label: insamling av avfall @sv
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9106
narrower: waste collection at source
narrower: separated collection
related: waste bin
source: GSW
source: ISEP

waste collection at source
type: Concept
definition: The gathering and transporting of refuse from its place of origin.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: sorburuko hondakin-bilketa
scope note: system where waste is collected by the waste producer at the production place <D> @en
broader: waste collection
source: RHW

waste composition
type: Concept
definition: The component material types, by percentage or weight, emanating from any source.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: type of waste
related: waste analysis
source: AWD

waste conversion technique
type: Concept
definition: Any specialized procedure or method used to transform refuse from one state, form or chemical composition into another.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
source: ISEP
source: RHW

waste degasification
type: Concept
definition: The removal of gaseous components form waste.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9121
related: landfill degasification
source: RRDA

waste disposal
type: Concept
definition: The orderly process of discarding unwanted or useless material.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: odlaganje otpada @hr
alternative label: avfallsdisponering @sv
alternative label: avfallshantering @sv
alternative label: disponering @sv
broader: overburden
narrower: waste assimilation capacity
narrower: battery disposal
narrower: nuclear power plant disposal
narrower: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9130
narrower: dumping
narrower: land disposal
narrower: carcass disposal
narrower: solid waste disposal
narrower: final storage
narrower: disposal of warfare materials
narrower: incineration of waste
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9118
related match: Waste management
source: GSW

waste disposal act
type: Concept
definition: Law that settles the rules concerning the disposal, recycling and treatment of wastes.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: juridical act
source: DIZAMB

waste disposal cost
type: Concept
definition: The amount of money incurred for the action of removing or getting rid of refuse or unwanted materials left over from a manufacturing process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin-ezabaketaren kostu
broader: environmental cost
source: EFP
source: OED
source: TOE

waste disposal in the ground
type: Concept
definition: The planned discharge, deposit or burial of refuse or other unserviceable material into the surface of the earth, as in a landfill.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: zbrinjavanje otpada u zemlji @hr
broader: land disposal
source: CTC
source: LIV
source: OED

waste disposal charge
type: Concept
definition: Imposed fee, expense, or cost for the action of removing or getting rid of refuse or unwanted materials left over from a manufacturing process.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: environmental tax
source: RHW
source: TOE

waste dump
type: Concept
definition: Area where wastes are deposited and burned.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: χώρος απόρριψης αποβλήτων @el
alternative label: zabortegi
alternative label: deponi @sv
broader: landfill
related match: Landfill
source: ZINZAN

waste dumping
type: Concept
definition: The disposal of solid wastes without environmental controls.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakin-isurpen
alternative label: skládkovanie (často neriadené) @sk
broader: dumping
related: landfill
source: LANDY

waste exchange
type: Concept
definition: Exchange of the recyclable part of wastes. This procedure allows to minimize waste volume and the cost relating to waste disposal. The basis of waste exchange is the concept that "one company's waste is another company's raw material".
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: výmena odpadov @sk
broader: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9092
source: ECHO2
source: ECOUK

waste export
type: Concept
definition: Transporting unwanted materials, including those leftover from a manufacturing processes, refuse, or trash to other countries or areas for the conduct of foreign trade.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: export
narrower: export of hazardous wastes
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9088
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9092
related: http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9119
source: MGHME
source: TOE

waste-fed heating and power plant
type: Concept
definition: Heating and power production plant where fuel is provided from refuse.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondakinez elikatutako
broader: heating plant
narrower: waste-fed power station
narrower: waste-fed heating plant
related: incineration of waste
source: PHC

waste-fed heating plant
type: Concept
definition: Heating plant where fuel is provided from refuse.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste-fed heating and power plant
source: PHC

waste-fed power station
type: Concept
definition: Power station that functions with refuse-derived fuel.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
broader: waste-fed heating and power plant
source: PARCOR

waste gas
type: Concept
definition: Any unusable aeriform fluid, or suspension of fine particles in air, given off by a manufacturing process or the burning of a substance in a enclosed area.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: καυσαέρια @el
broader: type of waste
narrower: exhaust gas
narrower: industrial waste gas
narrower: greenhouse gas
narrower: combustion gas
related: waste air
related: waste air purification (gas)
source: OED
source: RHW

waste gas emission
type: Concept
definition: The direct or indirect discharge of exhaust gas into the atmosphere.
status: valid
status modified: 2013-12-05
accepted date: 2013-12-05
in scheme: GEMET Concepts
alternative label: hondar-gasen isurpen
alternative label: hondar-gasak aireratze
broader: emission
related: combustion engine
source: LEE